Auto merge of #51460 - nikomatsakis:nll-perf-examination-refactor-1, r=pnkfelix

Improve memoization and refactor NLL type check

I have a big branch that is refactoring NLL type check with the goal of introducing canonicalization-based memoization for all of the operations it does. This PR contains an initial prefix of that branch which, I believe, stands alone. It does introduce a few smaller optimizations of its own:

- Skip operations that are trivially a no-op
- Cache the results of the dropck-outlives computations done by liveness
- Skip resetting unifications if nothing changed

r? @pnkfelix