book: fix the hidden find() functions in error-handling.md
The hidden find() functions always returns None. Consequently, one of the
examples using find() prints "No file extension found" instead of
"File extension: rs" which is the expected output.
This patch fixes the issue by implementing find() with std::str::find().
Signed-off-by: Christophe Vu-Brugier <cvubrugier@fastmail.fm>