Auto merge of #73285 - Mark-Simulacrum:clippy-fail, r=RalfJung,oli-obk

Avoid prematurely recording toolstates

When we're running with dry_run enabled (i.e. all builds do this initially), we're
guaranteed to save of a toolstate of TestFail for tools that aren't tested. In practice,
we do test tools as well, so for those tools we would initially record them as being
TestPass, and then later on re-record the correct state after actually testing them.
However, this would not work well if the build failed for whatever reason (e.g. panicking
in bootstrap, or as was the case in #73097, clippy failing to test successfully), we would
just go on believing that things passed when they in practice did not.

This commit also adjusts saving toolstate to never record clippy explicitly (otherwise, it
would be recorded when building it); eventually that'll likely move to other tools as well
but not yet. This is deemed simpler than checking everywhere we generically save
toolstate.

We also move clippy out of the "toolstate" no-fail-fast build into a separate x.py
invocation; this should no longer be technically required but provides the nice state of
letting us check toolstate for all tools and only then check clippy (giving full results
on every build).

r? @oli-obk

Supercedes #73275, also fixes #73274