Use a `ParamEnvAnd<Predicate>` for caching in `ObligationForest`

Use a `ParamEnvAnd<Predicate>` for caching in `ObligationForest`

Previously, we used a plain `Predicate` to cache results (e.g. successes
and failures) in ObligationForest. However, fulfillment depends on the
precise `ParamEnv` used, so this is unsound in general.

This commit changes the impl of `ForestObligation` for
`PendingPredicateObligation` to use `ParamEnvAnd<Predicate>` instead of
`Predicate` for the associated type. The associated type and method are
renamed from 'predicate' to 'cache_key' to reflect the fact that type is
no longer just a predicate.