rustdoc: Support argument files

rustdoc: Support argument files

Factors out the `rustc_driver` logic that handles argument files
so that rustdoc supports them as well, e.g.:

    rustdoc @argfile

This is needed to be able to generate docs for projects that
already use argument files when compiling them, e.g. projects
that pass a huge number of `--cfg` arguments.

The feature was stabilized for `rustc` in #66172.

Signed-off-by: Miguel Ojeda <ojeda@kernel.org>