syntax: Respect allow_internal_unstable in macros

syntax: Respect allow_internal_unstable in macros

This change modifies the feature gating of special `#[cfg]` attributes to not
require a `#![feature]` directive in the crate-of-use if the source of the macro
was declared with `#[allow_internal_unstable]`. This enables the standard
library's macro for `thread_local!` to make use of the
`#[cfg(target_thread_local)]` attribute despite it being feature gated (e.g.
it's a hidden implementation detail).