rustc: Switch `extern` functions to abort by default on panic

rustc: Switch `extern` functions to abort by default on panic

This was intended to land way back in 1.24, but it was backed out due to
breakage which has long since been fixed. An unstable `#[unwind]`
attribute can be used to tweak the behavior here, but this is currently
simply switching rustc's internal default to abort-by-default if an
`extern` function panics, making our codegen sound primarily (as
currently you can produce UB with safe code)

Closes #52652