]> git.lizzy.rs Git - bspwm.git/blobdiff - messages.c
Fix typo
[bspwm.git] / messages.c
index 74f3fbfa70fd32a4e27540f95b25ede5c8a5c39e..903b96ad4025b7e986ccb627dd3f1c5193df3577 100644 (file)
  * SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
  */
 
-#include <errno.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
 #include "bspwm.h"
 #include "desktop.h"
-#include "ewmh.h"
-#include "history.h"
 #include "monitor.h"
 #include "pointer.h"
 #include "query.h"
 #include "tree.h"
 #include "window.h"
 #include "common.h"
-#include "subscribe.h"
+#include "parse.h"
 #include "messages.h"
 
-int handle_message(char *msg, int msg_len, FILE *rsp)
+void handle_message(char *msg, int msg_len, FILE *rsp)
 {
        int cap = INIT_CAP;
        int num = 0;
        char **args = malloc(cap * sizeof(char *));
-       if (args == NULL)
-               return MSG_FAILURE;
+
+       if (args == NULL) {
+               perror("Handle message: malloc");
+               return;
+       }
 
        for (int i = 0, j = 0; i < msg_len; i++) {
                if (msg[i] == 0) {
@@ -60,7 +63,8 @@ int handle_message(char *msg, int msg_len, FILE *rsp)
                        char **new = realloc(args, cap * sizeof(char *));
                        if (new == NULL) {
                                free(args);
-                               return MSG_FAILURE;
+                               perror("Handle message: realloc");
+                               return;
                        } else {
                                args = new;
                        }
@@ -69,128 +73,231 @@ int handle_message(char *msg, int msg_len, FILE *rsp)
 
        if (num < 1) {
                free(args);
-               return MSG_SYNTAX;
+               fail(rsp, "No arguments given.\n");
+               return;
        }
 
        char **args_orig = args;
-       int ret = process_message(args, num, rsp);
+       process_message(args, num, rsp);
        free(args_orig);
-       return ret;
 }
 
-int process_message(char **args, int num, FILE *rsp)
+void process_message(char **args, int num, FILE *rsp)
 {
-       if (streq("window", *args)) {
-               return cmd_window(++args, --num);
+       int ret = SUBSCRIBE_FAILURE;
+
+       if (streq("node", *args)) {
+               cmd_node(++args, --num, rsp);
        } else if (streq("desktop", *args)) {
-               return cmd_desktop(++args, --num);
+               cmd_desktop(++args, --num, rsp);
        } else if (streq("monitor", *args)) {
-               return cmd_monitor(++args, --num);
+               cmd_monitor(++args, --num, rsp);
        } else if (streq("query", *args)) {
-               return cmd_query(++args, --num, rsp);
-       } else if (streq("restore", *args)) {
-               return cmd_restore(++args, --num);
-       } else if (streq("control", *args)) {
-               return cmd_control(++args, --num, rsp);
+               cmd_query(++args, --num, rsp);
+       } else if (streq("subscribe", *args)) {
+               ret = cmd_subscribe(++args, --num, rsp);
+       } else if (streq("wm", *args)) {
+               cmd_wm(++args, --num, rsp);
        } else if (streq("rule", *args)) {
-               return cmd_rule(++args, --num, rsp);
-       } else if (streq("pointer", *args)) {
-               return cmd_pointer(++args, --num);
+               cmd_rule(++args, --num, rsp);
        } else if (streq("config", *args)) {
-               return cmd_config(++args, --num, rsp);
+               cmd_config(++args, --num, rsp);
        } else if (streq("quit", *args)) {
-               return cmd_quit(++args, --num);
+               cmd_quit(++args, --num, rsp);
+       } else {
+               fail(rsp, "Unknown domain or command: '%s'.\n", *args);
        }
 
-       return MSG_UNKNOWN;
+       fflush(rsp);
+
+       if (ret != SUBSCRIBE_SUCCESS) {
+               fclose(rsp);
+       }
 }
 
-int cmd_window(char **args, int num)
+void cmd_node(char **args, int num, FILE *rsp)
 {
-       if (num < 1)
-               return MSG_SYNTAX;
+       if (num < 1) {
+               fail(rsp, "node: Missing commands.\n");
+               return;
+       }
 
        coordinates_t ref = {mon, mon->desk, mon->desk->focus};
        coordinates_t trg = ref;
 
        if ((*args)[0] != OPT_CHR) {
-               if (node_from_desc(*args, &ref, &trg))
+               int ret;
+               if ((ret = node_from_desc(*args, &ref, &trg)) == SELECTOR_OK) {
                        num--, args++;
-               else
-                       return MSG_FAILURE;
+               } else {
+                       handle_failure(ret, "node", *args, rsp);
+                       return;
+               }
        }
 
-       if (trg.node == NULL)
-               return MSG_FAILURE;
-
-       bool dirty = false;
+       bool changed = false;
 
        while (num > 0) {
                if (streq("-f", *args) || streq("--focus", *args)) {
                        coordinates_t dst = trg;
                        if (num > 1 && *(args + 1)[0] != OPT_CHR) {
                                num--, args++;
-                               if (!node_from_desc(*args, &trg, &dst))
-                                       return MSG_FAILURE;
+                               int ret;
+                               if ((ret = node_from_desc(*args, &trg, &dst)) != SELECTOR_OK) {
+                                       handle_failure(ret, "node -f", *args, rsp);
+                                       break;
+                               }
+                       }
+                       if (dst.node == NULL || !focus_node(dst.monitor, dst.desktop, dst.node)) {
+                               fail(rsp, "");
+                               break;
+                       }
+               } else if (streq("-a", *args) || streq("--activate", *args)) {
+                       coordinates_t dst = trg;
+                       if (num > 1 && *(args + 1)[0] != OPT_CHR) {
+                               num--, args++;
+                               int ret;
+                               if ((ret = node_from_desc(*args, &trg, &dst)) != SELECTOR_OK) {
+                                       handle_failure(ret, "node -a", *args, rsp);
+                                       break;
+                               }
+                       }
+                       if (dst.node == NULL || !activate_node(dst.monitor, dst.desktop, dst.node)) {
+                               fail(rsp, "");
+                               break;
                        }
-                       focus_node(dst.monitor, dst.desktop, dst.node);
                } else if (streq("-d", *args) || streq("--to-desktop", *args)) {
                        num--, args++;
+                       if (num < 1) {
+                               fail(rsp, "node %s: Not enough arguments.\n", *(args - 1));
+                               break;
+                       }
                        coordinates_t dst;
-                       if (desktop_from_desc(*args, &trg, &dst)) {
+                       int ret;
+                       if ((ret = desktop_from_desc(*args, &trg, &dst)) == SELECTOR_OK) {
                                if (transfer_node(trg.monitor, trg.desktop, trg.node, dst.monitor, dst.desktop, dst.desktop->focus)) {
                                        trg.monitor = dst.monitor;
                                        trg.desktop = dst.desktop;
+                               } else {
+                                       fail(rsp, "");
+                                       break;
                                }
                        } else {
-                               return MSG_FAILURE;
+                               handle_failure(ret, "node -d", *args, rsp);
+                               break;
                        }
                } else if (streq("-m", *args) || streq("--to-monitor", *args)) {
                        num--, args++;
-                       if (num < 1)
-                               return MSG_SYNTAX;
+                       if (num < 1) {
+                               fail(rsp, "node %s: Not enough arguments.\n", *(args - 1));
+                               break;
+                       }
                        coordinates_t dst;
-                       if (monitor_from_desc(*args, &trg, &dst)) {
+                       int ret;
+                       if ((ret = monitor_from_desc(*args, &trg, &dst)) == SELECTOR_OK) {
                                if (transfer_node(trg.monitor, trg.desktop, trg.node, dst.monitor, dst.monitor->desk, dst.monitor->desk->focus)) {
                                        trg.monitor = dst.monitor;
                                        trg.desktop = dst.monitor->desk;
+                               } else {
+                                       fail(rsp, "");
+                                       break;
                                }
                        } else {
-                               return MSG_FAILURE;
+                               handle_failure(ret, "node -m", *args, rsp);
+                               break;
                        }
-               } else if (streq("-w", *args) || streq("--to-window", *args)) {
+               } else if (streq("-n", *args) || streq("--to-node", *args)) {
                        num--, args++;
-                       if (num < 1)
-                               return MSG_SYNTAX;
+                       if (num < 1) {
+                               fail(rsp, "node %s: Not enough arguments.\n", *(args - 1));
+                               break;
+                       }
                        coordinates_t dst;
-                       if (node_from_desc(*args, &trg, &dst)) {
+                       int ret;
+                       if ((ret = node_from_desc(*args, &trg, &dst)) == SELECTOR_OK) {
                                if (transfer_node(trg.monitor, trg.desktop, trg.node, dst.monitor, dst.desktop, dst.node)) {
                                        trg.monitor = dst.monitor;
                                        trg.desktop = dst.desktop;
+                               } else {
+                                       fail(rsp, "");
+                                       break;
                                }
                        } else {
-                               return MSG_FAILURE;
+                               handle_failure(ret, "node -n", *args, rsp);
+                               break;
                        }
                } else if (streq("-s", *args) || streq("--swap", *args)) {
                        num--, args++;
-                       if (num < 1)
-                               return MSG_SYNTAX;
+                       if (num < 1) {
+                               fail(rsp, "node %s: Not enough arguments.\n", *(args - 1));
+                               break;
+                       }
                        coordinates_t dst;
-                       if (node_from_desc(*args, &trg, &dst)) {
+                       int ret;
+                       if ((ret = node_from_desc(*args, &trg, &dst)) == SELECTOR_OK) {
                                if (swap_nodes(trg.monitor, trg.desktop, trg.node, dst.monitor, dst.desktop, dst.node)) {
-                                       if (trg.desktop != dst.desktop)
-                                               arrange(trg.monitor, trg.desktop);
                                        trg.monitor = dst.monitor;
                                        trg.desktop = dst.desktop;
-                                       dirty = true;
+                               } else {
+                                       fail(rsp, "");
+                                       break;
+                               }
+                       } else {
+                               handle_failure(ret, "node -s", *args, rsp);
+                               break;
+                       }
+               } else if (streq("-l", *args) || streq("--layer", *args)) {
+                       num--, args++;
+                       if (num < 1) {
+                               fail(rsp, "node %s: Not enough arguments.\n", *(args - 1));
+                               break;
+                       }
+                       stack_layer_t lyr;
+                       if (parse_stack_layer(*args, &lyr)) {
+                               if (!set_layer(trg.monitor, trg.desktop, trg.node, lyr)) {
+                                       fail(rsp, "");
+                                       break;
+                               }
+                       } else {
+                               fail(rsp, "node %s: Invalid argument: '%s'.\n", *(args - 1), *args);
+                               break;
+                       }
+               } else if (streq("-t", *args) || streq("--state", *args)) {
+                       num--, args++;
+                       if (num < 1) {
+                               fail(rsp, "node %s: Not enough arguments.\n", *(args - 1));
+                               break;
+                       }
+                       client_state_t cst;
+                       bool alternate = false;
+                       if ((*args)[0] == '~') {
+                               alternate = true;
+                               (*args)++;
+                       }
+                       if (parse_client_state(*args, &cst)) {
+                               if (alternate && trg.node != NULL && trg.node->client != NULL &&
+                                   trg.node->client->state == cst) {
+                                       cst = trg.node->client->last_state;
                                }
+                               if (!set_state(trg.monitor, trg.desktop, trg.node, cst)) {
+                                       fail(rsp, "");
+                                       break;
+                               }
+                               changed = true;
                        } else {
-                               return MSG_FAILURE;
+                               fail(rsp, "node %s: Invalid argument: '%s'.\n", *(args - 1), *args);
+                               break;
                        }
-               } else if (streq("-t", *args) || streq("--toggle", *args)) {
+               } else if (streq("-g", *args) || streq("--flag", *args)) {
                        num--, args++;
-                       if (num < 1)
-                               return MSG_SYNTAX;
+                       if (num < 1) {
+                               fail(rsp, "node %s: Not enough arguments.\n", *(args - 1));
+                               break;
+                       }
+                       if (trg.node == NULL || trg.node->client == NULL) {
+                               fail(rsp, "");
+                               break;
+                       }
                        char *key = strtok(*args, EQL_TOK);
                        char *val = strtok(NULL, EQL_TOK);
                        alter_state_t a;
@@ -198,202 +305,360 @@ int cmd_window(char **args, int num)
                        if (val == NULL) {
                                a = ALTER_TOGGLE;
                        } else {
-                               if (parse_bool(val, &b))
+                               if (parse_bool(val, &b)) {
                                        a = ALTER_SET;
-                               else
-                                       return MSG_FAILURE;
-                       }
-                       if (streq("fullscreen", key)) {
-                               set_fullscreen(trg.node, (a == ALTER_SET ? b : !trg.node->client->fullscreen));
-                               dirty = true;
-                       } else if (streq("pseudo_tiled", key)) {
-                               set_pseudo_tiled(trg.node, (a == ALTER_SET ? b : !trg.node->client->pseudo_tiled));
-                               dirty = true;
-                       } else if (streq("floating", key)) {
-                               set_floating(trg.node, (a == ALTER_SET ? b : !trg.node->client->floating));
-                               dirty = true;
-                       } else if (streq("locked", key)) {
-                               set_locked(trg.monitor, trg.desktop, trg.node, (a == ALTER_SET ? b : !trg.node->client->locked));
+                               } else {
+                                       fail(rsp, "node %s: Invalid value for %s: '%s'.\n", *(args - 1), key, val);
+                                       break;
+                               }
+                       }
+                       if (streq("locked", key)) {
+                               set_locked(trg.monitor, trg.desktop, trg.node, (a == ALTER_SET ? b : !trg.node->locked));
                        } else if (streq("sticky", key)) {
-                               set_sticky(trg.monitor, trg.desktop, trg.node, (a == ALTER_SET ? b : !trg.node->client->sticky));
+                               set_sticky(trg.monitor, trg.desktop, trg.node, (a == ALTER_SET ? b : !trg.node->sticky));
                        } else if (streq("private", key)) {
-                               set_private(trg.monitor, trg.desktop, trg.node, (a == ALTER_SET ? b : !trg.node->client->private));
+                               set_private(trg.monitor, trg.desktop, trg.node, (a == ALTER_SET ? b : !trg.node->private));
                        } else {
-                               return MSG_FAILURE;
+                               fail(rsp, "node %s: Invalid key: '%s'.\n", *(args - 1), key);
+                               break;
                        }
-               } else if (streq("-p", *args) || streq("--presel", *args)) {
+               } else if (streq("-p", *args) || streq("--presel-dir", *args)) {
                        num--, args++;
-                       if (num < 1)
-                               return MSG_SYNTAX;
-                       if (!is_tiled(trg.node->client) ||
-                           trg.desktop->layout != LAYOUT_TILED)
-                               return MSG_FAILURE;
+                       if (num < 1) {
+                               fail(rsp, "node %s: Not enough arguments.\n", *(args - 1));
+                               break;
+                       }
+                       if (trg.node == NULL || trg.node->vacant) {
+                               fail(rsp, "");
+                               break;
+                       }
                        if (streq("cancel", *args)) {
-                               reset_mode(&trg);
+                               cancel_presel(trg.monitor, trg.desktop, trg.node);
                        } else {
+                               bool alternate = false;
+                               if ((*args)[0] == '~') {
+                                       alternate = true;
+                                       (*args)++;
+                               }
                                direction_t dir;
                                if (parse_direction(*args, &dir)) {
-                                       double rat = trg.node->split_ratio;
-                                       if (num > 1 && *(args + 1)[0] != OPT_CHR) {
-                                               num--, args++;
-                                               if (sscanf(*args, "%lf", &rat) != 1 || rat <= 0 || rat >= 1)
-                                                       return MSG_FAILURE;
-                                       }
-                                       if (auto_cancel && trg.node->split_mode == MODE_MANUAL &&
-                                           dir == trg.node->split_dir &&
-                                           rat == trg.node->split_ratio) {
-                                               reset_mode(&trg);
+                                       if (alternate && trg.node->presel != NULL && trg.node->presel->split_dir == dir) {
+                                               cancel_presel(trg.monitor, trg.desktop, trg.node);
                                        } else {
-                                               trg.node->split_mode = MODE_MANUAL;
-                                               trg.node->split_dir = dir;
-                                               trg.node->split_ratio = rat;
+                                               presel_dir(trg.monitor, trg.desktop, trg.node, dir);
+                                               if (!IS_RECEPTACLE(trg.node)) {
+                                                       draw_presel_feedback(trg.monitor, trg.desktop, trg.node);
+                                               }
                                        }
-                                       window_draw_border(trg.node, trg.desktop->focus == trg.node, mon == trg.monitor);
                                } else {
-                                       return MSG_FAILURE;
+                                       fail(rsp, "node %s: Invalid argument: '%s%s'.\n", *(args - 1), alternate?"~":"", *args);
+                                       break;
                                }
                        }
-               } else if (streq("-e", *args) || streq("--edge", *args)) {
+               } else if (streq("-o", *args) || streq("--presel-ratio", *args)) {
                        num--, args++;
-                       if (num < 2)
-                               return MSG_SYNTAX;
-                       if (!is_tiled(trg.node->client))
-                               return MSG_FAILURE;
-                       direction_t dir;
-                       if (!parse_direction(*args, &dir))
-                               return MSG_FAILURE;
-                       node_t *n = find_fence(trg.node, dir);
-                       if (n == NULL)
-                               return MSG_FAILURE;
+                       if (num < 1) {
+                               fail(rsp, "node %s: Not enough arguments.\n", *(args - 1));
+                               break;
+                       }
+                       if (trg.node == NULL || trg.node->vacant) {
+                               fail(rsp, "");
+                               break;
+                       }
+                       double rat;
+                       if (sscanf(*args, "%lf", &rat) != 1 || rat <= 0 || rat >= 1) {
+                               fail(rsp, "node %s: Invalid argument: '%s'.\n", *(args - 1), *args);
+                               break;
+                       } else {
+                               presel_ratio(trg.monitor, trg.desktop, trg.node, rat);
+                               draw_presel_feedback(trg.monitor, trg.desktop, trg.node);
+                       }
+               } else if (streq("-v", *args) || streq("--move", *args)) {
                        num--, args++;
+                       if (num < 2) {
+                               fail(rsp, "node %s: Not enough arguments.\n", *(args - 1));
+                               break;
+                       }
+                       int dx = 0, dy = 0;
+                       if (sscanf(*args, "%i", &dx) == 1) {
+                               num--, args++;
+                               if (sscanf(*args, "%i", &dy) == 1) {
+                                       if (!move_client(&trg, dx, dy)) {
+                                               fail(rsp, "");
+                                               break;
+                                       }
+                               } else {
+                                       fail(rsp, "node %s: Invalid dy argument: '%s'.\n", *(args - 3), *args);
+                                       break;
+                               }
+                       } else {
+                               fail(rsp, "node %s: Invalid dx argument: '%s'.\n", *(args - 2), *args);
+                               break;
+                       }
+               } else if (streq("-z", *args) || streq("--resize", *args)) {
+                       num--, args++;
+                       if (num < 3) {
+                               fail(rsp, "node %s: Not enough arguments.\n", *(args - 1));
+                               break;
+                       }
+                       resize_handle_t rh;
+                       if (parse_resize_handle(*args, &rh)) {
+                               num--, args++;
+                               int dx = 0, dy = 0;
+                               if (sscanf(*args, "%i", &dx) == 1) {
+                                       num--, args++;
+                                       if (sscanf(*args, "%i", &dy) == 1) {
+                                               if (!resize_client(&trg, rh, dx, dy)) {
+                                                       fail(rsp, "");
+                                                       break;
+                                               }
+                                       } else {
+                                               fail(rsp, "node %s: Invalid dy argument: '%s'.\n", *(args - 3), *args);
+                                               break;
+                                       }
+                               } else {
+                                       fail(rsp, "node %s: Invalid dx argument: '%s'.\n", *(args - 2), *args);
+                                       break;
+                               }
+                       } else {
+                               fail(rsp, "node %s: Invalid resize handle argument: '%s'.\n", *(args - 1), *args);
+                               break;
+                       }
+               } else if (streq("-r", *args) || streq("--ratio", *args)) {
+                       num--, args++;
+                       if (num < 1) {
+                               fail(rsp, "node %s: Not enough arguments.\n", *(args - 1));
+                               break;
+                       }
+                       if (trg.node == NULL) {
+                               fail(rsp, "");
+                               break;
+                       }
                        if ((*args)[0] == '+' || (*args)[0] == '-') {
                                int pix;
                                if (sscanf(*args, "%i", &pix) == 1) {
-                                       int max = (n->split_type == TYPE_HORIZONTAL ? n->rectangle.height : n->rectangle.width);
-                                       double rat = ((max * n->split_ratio) + pix) / max;
-                                       if (rat > 0 && rat < 1)
-                                               n->split_ratio = rat;
-                                       else
-                                               return MSG_FAILURE;
+                                       int max = (trg.node->split_type == TYPE_HORIZONTAL ? trg.node->rectangle.height : trg.node->rectangle.width);
+                                       double rat = ((max * trg.node->split_ratio) + pix) / max;
+                                       if (rat > 0 && rat < 1) {
+                                               set_ratio(trg.node, rat);
+                                       } else {
+                                               fail(rsp, "");
+                                               break;
+                                       }
                                } else {
-                                       return MSG_FAILURE;
+                                       fail(rsp, "node %s: Invalid argument: '%s'.\n", *(args - 1), *args);
+                                       break;
                                }
                        } else {
                                double rat;
-                               if (sscanf(*args, "%lf", &rat) == 1 && rat > 0 && rat < 1)
-                                       n->split_ratio = rat;
-                               else
-                                       return MSG_FAILURE;
+                               if (sscanf(*args, "%lf", &rat) == 1 && rat > 0 && rat < 1) {
+                                       set_ratio(trg.node, rat);
+                               } else {
+                                       fail(rsp, "node %s: Invalid argument: '%s'.\n", *(args - 1), *args);
+                                       break;
+                               }
                        }
-                       dirty = true;
-               } else if (streq("-r", *args) || streq("--ratio", *args)) {
+                       changed = true;
+               } else if (streq("-F", *args) || streq("--flip", *args)) {
                        num--, args++;
-                       if (num < 1)
-                               return MSG_SYNTAX;
-                       double rat;
-                       if (sscanf(*args, "%lf", &rat) == 1 && rat > 0 && rat < 1) {
-                               trg.node->split_ratio = rat;
-                               window_draw_border(trg.node, trg.desktop->focus == trg.node, mon == trg.monitor);
+                       if (num < 1) {
+                               fail(rsp, "node %s: Not enough arguments.\n", *(args - 1));
+                               break;
+                       }
+                       if (trg.node == NULL) {
+                               fail(rsp, "");
+                               break;
+                       }
+                       flip_t flp;
+                       if (parse_flip(*args, &flp)) {
+                               flip_tree(trg.node, flp);
+                               changed = true;
                        } else {
-                               return MSG_FAILURE;
+                               fail(rsp, "");
+                               break;
                        }
                } else if (streq("-R", *args) || streq("--rotate", *args)) {
                        num--, args++;
-                       if (num < 2)
-                               return MSG_SYNTAX;
-                       direction_t dir;
-                       if (!parse_direction(*args, &dir))
-                               return MSG_FAILURE;
-                       node_t *n = find_fence(trg.node, dir);
-                       if (n == NULL)
-                               return MSG_FAILURE;
-                       num--, args++;
+                       if (num < 1) {
+                               fail(rsp, "node %s: Not enough arguments.\n", *(args - 1));
+                               break;
+                       }
+                       if (trg.node == NULL) {
+                               fail(rsp, "");
+                               break;
+                       }
                        int deg;
                        if (parse_degree(*args, &deg)) {
-                               rotate_tree(n, deg);
-                               dirty = true;
+                               rotate_tree(trg.node, deg);
+                               changed = true;
                        } else {
-                               return MSG_FAILURE;
+                               fail(rsp, "node %s: Invalid argument: '%s'.\n", *(args - 1), *args);
+                               break;
+                       }
+               } else if (streq("-E", *args) || streq("--equalize", *args)) {
+                       if (trg.node == NULL) {
+                               fail(rsp, "");
+                               break;
+                       }
+                       equalize_tree(trg.node);
+                       changed = true;
+               } else if (streq("-B", *args) || streq("--balance", *args)) {
+                       if (trg.node == NULL) {
+                               fail(rsp, "");
+                               break;
                        }
+                       balance_tree(trg.node);
+                       changed = true;
+               } else if (streq("-C", *args) || streq("--circulate", *args)) {
+                       num--, args++;
+                       if (num < 1) {
+                               fail(rsp, "node %s: Not enough arguments.\n", *(args - 1));
+                               break;
+                       }
+                       if (trg.node == NULL) {
+                               fail(rsp, "");
+                               break;
+                       }
+                       circulate_dir_t cir;
+                       if (parse_circulate_direction(*args, &cir)) {
+                               circulate_leaves(trg.monitor, trg.desktop, trg.node, cir);
+                               changed = true;
+                       } else {
+                               fail(rsp, "node %s: Invalid argument: '%s'.\n", *(args - 1), *args);
+                               break;
+                       }
+               } else if (streq("-i", *args) || streq("--insert-receptacle", *args)) {
+                       insert_receptacle(trg.monitor, trg.desktop, trg.node);
+                       changed = true;
                } else if (streq("-c", *args) || streq("--close", *args)) {
-                       if (num > 1)
-                               return MSG_SYNTAX;
-                       window_close(trg.node);
+                       if (num > 1) {
+                               fail(rsp, "node %s: Trailing commands.\n", *args);
+                               break;
+                       }
+                       if (trg.node == NULL || locked_count(trg.node) > 0) {
+                               fail(rsp, "");
+                               break;
+                       }
+                       close_node(trg.node);
+                       break;
                } else if (streq("-k", *args) || streq("--kill", *args)) {
-                       if (num > 1)
-                               return MSG_SYNTAX;
-                       window_kill(trg.monitor, trg.desktop, trg.node);
-                       dirty = true;
+                       if (num > 1) {
+                               fail(rsp, "node %s: Trailing commands.\n", *args);
+                               break;
+                       }
+                       if (trg.node == NULL) {
+                               fail(rsp, "");
+                               break;
+                       }
+                       kill_node(trg.monitor, trg.desktop, trg.node);
+                       changed = true;
+                       break;
                } else {
-                       return MSG_SYNTAX;
+                       fail(rsp, "node: Unknown command: '%s'.\n", *args);
+                       break;
                }
 
                num--, args++;
        }
 
-       if (dirty)
+       if (changed) {
                arrange(trg.monitor, trg.desktop);
-
-       return MSG_SUCCESS;
+       }
 }
 
-int cmd_desktop(char **args, int num)
+void cmd_desktop(char **args, int num, FILE *rsp)
 {
-       if (num < 1)
-               return MSG_SYNTAX;
+       if (num < 1) {
+               fail(rsp, "desktop: Missing commands.\n");
+               return;
+       }
 
        coordinates_t ref = {mon, mon->desk, NULL};
        coordinates_t trg = ref;
 
        if ((*args)[0] != OPT_CHR) {
-               if (desktop_from_desc(*args, &ref, &trg))
+               int ret;
+               if ((ret = desktop_from_desc(*args, &ref, &trg)) == SELECTOR_OK) {
                        num--, args++;
-               else
-                       return MSG_FAILURE;
+               } else {
+                       handle_failure(ret, "desktop", *args, rsp);
+                       return;
+               }
        }
 
-       bool dirty = false;
+       bool changed = false;
 
        while (num > 0) {
                if (streq("-f", *args) || streq("--focus", *args)) {
                        coordinates_t dst = trg;
                        if (num > 1 && *(args + 1)[0] != OPT_CHR) {
                                num--, args++;
-                               if (!desktop_from_desc(*args, &trg, &dst))
-                                       return MSG_FAILURE;
-                       }
-                       if (auto_alternate && dst.desktop == mon->desk) {
-                               desktop_select_t sel = {DESKTOP_STATUS_ALL, false, false};
-                               history_find_desktop(HISTORY_OLDER, &trg, &dst, sel);
+                               int ret;
+                               if ((ret = desktop_from_desc(*args, &trg, &dst)) != SELECTOR_OK) {
+                                       handle_failure(ret, "desktop -f", *args, rsp);
+                                       break;
+                               }
                        }
                        focus_node(dst.monitor, dst.desktop, dst.desktop->focus);
+               } else if (streq("-a", *args) || streq("--activate", *args)) {
+                       coordinates_t dst = trg;
+                       if (num > 1 && *(args + 1)[0] != OPT_CHR) {
+                               num--, args++;
+                               int ret;
+                               if ((ret = desktop_from_desc(*args, &trg, &dst)) != SELECTOR_OK) {
+                                       handle_failure(ret, "desktop -a", *args, rsp);
+                                       break;
+                               }
+                       }
+                       activate_desktop(dst.monitor, dst.desktop);
                } else if (streq("-m", *args) || streq("--to-monitor", *args)) {
                        num--, args++;
-                       if (num < 1)
-                               return MSG_SYNTAX;
-                       if (trg.monitor->desk_head == trg.monitor->desk_tail)
-                               return MSG_FAILURE;
+                       if (num < 1) {
+                               fail(rsp, "desktop %s: Not enough arguments.\n", *(args - 1));
+                               break;
+                       }
+                       if (trg.monitor->desk_head == trg.monitor->desk_tail) {
+                               fail(rsp, "");
+                               break;
+                       }
                        coordinates_t dst;
-                       if (monitor_from_desc(*args, &trg, &dst)) {
-                               transfer_desktop(trg.monitor, dst.monitor, trg.desktop);
-                               trg.monitor = dst.monitor;
-                               update_current();
+                       int ret;
+                       if ((ret = monitor_from_desc(*args, &trg, &dst)) == SELECTOR_OK) {
+                               if (transfer_desktop(trg.monitor, dst.monitor, trg.desktop)) {
+                                       trg.monitor = dst.monitor;
+                               } else {
+                                       fail(rsp, "");
+                                       break;
+                               }
                        } else {
-                               return MSG_FAILURE;
+                               handle_failure(ret, "desktop -m", *args, rsp);
+                               break;
                        }
                } else if (streq("-s", *args) || streq("--swap", *args)) {
                        num--, args++;
-                       if (num < 1)
-                               return MSG_SYNTAX;
+                       if (num < 1) {
+                               fail(rsp, "desktop %s: Not enough arguments.\n", *(args - 1));
+                               break;
+                       }
                        coordinates_t dst;
-                       if (desktop_from_desc(*args, &trg, &dst))
-                               swap_desktops(trg.monitor, trg.desktop, dst.monitor, dst.desktop);
-                       else
-                               return MSG_FAILURE;
+                       int ret;
+                       if ((ret = desktop_from_desc(*args, &trg, &dst)) == SELECTOR_OK) {
+                               if (swap_desktops(trg.monitor, trg.desktop, dst.monitor, dst.desktop)) {
+                                       trg.monitor = dst.monitor;
+                               } else {
+                                       fail(rsp, "");
+                                       break;
+                               }
+                       } else {
+                               handle_failure(ret, "desktop -s", *args, rsp);
+                               break;
+                       }
                } else if (streq("-b", *args) || streq("--bubble", *args)) {
                        num--, args++;
-                       if (num < 1)
-                               return MSG_SYNTAX;
+                       if (num < 1) {
+                               fail(rsp, "desktop %s: Not enough arguments.\n", *(args - 1));
+                               break;
+                       }
                        cycle_dir_t cyc;
                        if (parse_cycle_direction(*args, &cyc)) {
                                desktop_t *d = trg.desktop;
@@ -415,124 +680,75 @@ int cmd_desktop(char **args, int num)
                                        }
                                }
                        } else {
-                               return MSG_FAILURE;
+                               fail(rsp, "desktop %s: Invalid argument: '%s'.\n", *(args - 1), *args);
+                               break;
                        }
                } else if (streq("-l", *args) || streq("--layout", *args)) {
                        num--, args++;
-                       if (num < 1)
-                               return MSG_SYNTAX;
+                       if (num < 1) {
+                               fail(rsp, "desktop %s: Not enough arguments.\n", *(args - 1));
+                               break;
+                       }
                        layout_t lyt;
                        cycle_dir_t cyc;
-                       if (parse_cycle_direction(*args, &cyc))
+                       if (parse_cycle_direction(*args, &cyc)) {
                                change_layout(trg.monitor, trg.desktop, (trg.desktop->layout + 1) % 2);
-                       else if (parse_layout(*args, &lyt))
+                       } else if (parse_layout(*args, &lyt)) {
                                change_layout(trg.monitor, trg.desktop, lyt);
-                       else
-                               return MSG_FAILURE;
+                       } else {
+                               fail(rsp, "desktop %s: Invalid argument: '%s'.\n", *(args - 1), *args);
+                               break;
+                       }
                } else if (streq("-n", *args) || streq("--rename", *args)) {
                        num--, args++;
-                       if (num < 1)
-                               return MSG_SYNTAX;
-                       put_status(SBSC_MASK_DESKTOP_RENAME, "desktop_rename %s %s %s\n", trg.monitor->name, trg.desktop->name, *args);
-                       snprintf(trg.desktop->name, sizeof(trg.desktop->name), "%s", *args);
-                       ewmh_update_desktop_names();
-                       put_status(SBSC_MASK_REPORT);
+                       if (num < 1) {
+                               fail(rsp, "desktop %s: Not enough arguments.\n", *(args - 1));
+                               break;
+                       }
+                       rename_desktop(trg.monitor, trg.desktop, *args);
                } else if (streq("-r", *args) || streq("--remove", *args)) {
+                       if (num > 1) {
+                               fail(rsp, "desktop %s: Trailing commands.\n", *args);
+                               break;
+                       }
                        if (trg.desktop->root == NULL &&
                            trg.monitor->desk_head != trg.monitor->desk_tail) {
                                remove_desktop(trg.monitor, trg.desktop);
-                               show_desktop(trg.monitor->desk);
-                               update_current();
-                               return MSG_SUCCESS;
+                               return;
                        } else {
-                               return MSG_FAILURE;
+                               fail(rsp, "");
+                               break;
                        }
-               } else if (streq("-c", *args) || streq("--cancel-presel", *args)) {
-                       reset_mode(&trg);
-               } else if (streq("-F", *args) || streq("--flip", *args)) {
-                       num--, args++;
-                       if (num < 1)
-                               return MSG_SYNTAX;
-                       flip_t flp;
-                       if (parse_flip(*args, &flp)) {
-                               flip_tree(trg.desktop->root, flp);
-                               dirty = true;
-                       } else {
-                               return MSG_FAILURE;
-                       }
-               } else if (streq("-R", *args) || streq("--rotate", *args)) {
-                       num--, args++;
-                       if (num < 1)
-                               return MSG_SYNTAX;
-                       int deg;
-                       if (parse_degree(*args, &deg)) {
-                               rotate_tree(trg.desktop->root, deg);
-                               dirty = true;
-                       } else {
-                               return MSG_FAILURE;
-                       }
-               } else if (streq("-E", *args) || streq("--equalize", *args)) {
-                       equalize_tree(trg.desktop->root);
-                       dirty = true;
-               } else if (streq("-B", *args) || streq("--balance", *args)) {
-                       balance_tree(trg.desktop->root);
-                       dirty = true;
-               } else if (streq("-C", *args) || streq("--circulate", *args)) {
-                       num--, args++;
-                       if (num < 1)
-                               return MSG_SYNTAX;
-                       circulate_dir_t cir;
-                       if (parse_circulate_direction(*args, &cir)) {
-                               circulate_leaves(trg.monitor, trg.desktop, cir);
-                               dirty = true;
-                       } else {
-                               return MSG_FAILURE;
-                       }
-               } else if (streq("-t", *args) || streq("--toggle", *args)) {
-                       num--, args++;
-                       if (num < 1)
-                               return MSG_SYNTAX;
-                       char *key = strtok(*args, EQL_TOK);
-                       char *val = strtok(NULL, EQL_TOK);
-                       alter_state_t a;
-                       bool b;
-                       if (val == NULL) {
-                               a = ALTER_TOGGLE;
-                       } else {
-                               if (parse_bool(val, &b))
-                                       a = ALTER_SET;
-                               else
-                                       return MSG_FAILURE;
-                       }
-                       if (streq("floating", key))
-                               trg.desktop->floating = (a == ALTER_SET ? b : !trg.desktop->floating);
-                       else
-                               return MSG_FAILURE;
                } else {
-                       return MSG_SYNTAX;
+                       fail(rsp, "desktop: Unknown command: '%s'.\n", *args);
+                       break;
                }
                num--, args++;
        }
 
-       if (dirty)
+       if (changed) {
                arrange(trg.monitor, trg.desktop);
-
-       return MSG_SUCCESS;
+       }
 }
 
-int cmd_monitor(char **args, int num)
+void cmd_monitor(char **args, int num, FILE *rsp)
 {
-       if (num < 1)
-               return MSG_SYNTAX;
+       if (num < 1) {
+               fail(rsp, "monitor: Missing commands.\n");
+               return;
+       }
 
        coordinates_t ref = {mon, NULL, NULL};
        coordinates_t trg = ref;
 
        if ((*args)[0] != OPT_CHR) {
-               if (monitor_from_desc(*args, &ref, &trg))
+               int ret;
+               if ((ret = monitor_from_desc(*args, &ref, &trg)) == SELECTOR_OK) {
                        num--, args++;
-               else
-                       return MSG_FAILURE;
+               } else {
+                       handle_failure(ret, "monitor", *args, rsp);
+                       return;
+               }
        }
 
        while (num > 0) {
@@ -540,105 +756,132 @@ int cmd_monitor(char **args, int num)
                        coordinates_t dst = trg;
                        if (num > 1 && *(args + 1)[0] != OPT_CHR) {
                                num--, args++;
-                               if (!monitor_from_desc(*args, &trg, &dst))
-                                       return MSG_FAILURE;
-                       }
-                       if (auto_alternate && dst.monitor == mon) {
-                               desktop_select_t sel = {DESKTOP_STATUS_ALL, false, false};
-                               history_find_monitor(HISTORY_OLDER, &trg, &dst, sel);
+                               int ret;
+                               if ((ret = monitor_from_desc(*args, &trg, &dst)) != SELECTOR_OK) {
+                                       handle_failure(ret, "monitor -f", *args, rsp);
+                                       fail(rsp, "");
+                                       return;
+                               }
                        }
                        focus_node(dst.monitor, dst.monitor->desk, dst.monitor->desk->focus);
                } else if (streq("-d", *args) || streq("--reset-desktops", *args)) {
                        num--, args++;
-                       if (num < 1)
-                               return MSG_SYNTAX;
+                       if (num < 1) {
+                               fail(rsp, "monitor %s: Not enough arguments.\n", *(args - 1));
+                               return;
+                       }
                        desktop_t *d = trg.monitor->desk_head;
                        while (num > 0 && d != NULL) {
-                               put_status(SBSC_MASK_DESKTOP_RENAME, "desktop_rename %s %s %s\n", trg.monitor->name, d->name, *args);
-                               snprintf(d->name, sizeof(d->name), "%s", *args);
-                               initialize_desktop(d);
-                               arrange(trg.monitor, d);
+                               rename_desktop(trg.monitor, d, *args);
                                d = d->next;
                                num--, args++;
                        }
                        put_status(SBSC_MASK_REPORT);
                        while (num > 0) {
-                               add_desktop(trg.monitor, make_desktop(*args));
+                               add_desktop(trg.monitor, make_desktop(*args, XCB_NONE));
                                num--, args++;
                        }
                        while (d != NULL) {
                                desktop_t *next = d->next;
-                               if (d == mon->desk)
+                               if (d == mon->desk) {
                                        focus_node(trg.monitor, d->prev, d->prev->focus);
+                               }
                                merge_desktops(trg.monitor, d, mon, mon->desk);
                                remove_desktop(trg.monitor, d);
                                d = next;
                        }
                } else if (streq("-a", *args) || streq("--add-desktops", *args)) {
                        num--, args++;
-                       if (num < 1)
-                               return MSG_SYNTAX;
-                       while (num > 0) {
-                               add_desktop(trg.monitor, make_desktop(*args));
-                               num--, args++;
+                       if (num < 1) {
+                               fail(rsp, "monitor %s: Not enough arguments.\n", *(args - 1));
+                               return;
                        }
-               } else if (streq("-r", *args) || streq("--remove-desktops", *args)) {
-                       num--, args++;
-                       if (num < 1)
-                               return MSG_SYNTAX;
                        while (num > 0) {
-                               coordinates_t dst;
-                               if (locate_desktop(*args, &dst) && dst.monitor->desk_head != dst.monitor->desk_tail && dst.desktop->root == NULL) {
-                                       remove_desktop(dst.monitor, dst.desktop);
-                                       show_desktop(dst.monitor->desk);
-                               }
+                               add_desktop(trg.monitor, make_desktop(*args, XCB_NONE));
                                num--, args++;
                        }
+               } else if (streq("-r", *args) || streq("--remove", *args)) {
+                       if (num > 1) {
+                               fail(rsp, "monitor %s: Trailing commands.\n", *args);
+                               return;
+                       }
+                       if (mon_head == mon_tail) {
+                               fail(rsp, "");
+                               return;
+                       }
+                       remove_monitor(trg.monitor);
+                       return;
                } else if (streq("-o", *args) || streq("--order-desktops", *args)) {
                        num--, args++;
-                       if (num < 1)
-                               return MSG_SYNTAX;
+                       if (num < 1) {
+                               fail(rsp, "monitor %s: Not enough arguments.\n", *(args - 1));
+                               return;
+                       }
                        desktop_t *d = trg.monitor->desk_head;
                        while (d != NULL && num > 0) {
                                desktop_t *next = d->next;
                                coordinates_t dst;
                                if (locate_desktop(*args, &dst) && dst.monitor == trg.monitor) {
                                        swap_desktops(trg.monitor, d, dst.monitor, dst.desktop);
-                                       if (next == dst.desktop)
+                                       if (next == dst.desktop) {
                                                next = d;
+                                       }
                                }
                                d = next;
                                num--, args++;
                        }
+               } else if (streq("-g", *args) || streq("--rectangle", *args)) {
+                       num--, args++;
+                       if (num < 1) {
+                               fail(rsp, "monitor %s: Not enough arguments.\n", *(args - 1));
+                               return;
+                       }
+                       xcb_rectangle_t r;
+                       if (parse_rectangle(*args, &r)) {
+                               update_root(trg.monitor, &r);
+                       } else {
+                               fail(rsp, "monitor %s: Invalid argument: '%s'.\n", *(args - 1), *args);
+                               return;
+                       }
                } else if (streq("-n", *args) || streq("--rename", *args)) {
                        num--, args++;
-                       if (num < 1)
-                               return MSG_SYNTAX;
-                       put_status(SBSC_MASK_MONITOR_RENAME, "monitor_rename %s %s\n", trg.monitor->name, *args);
-                       snprintf(trg.monitor->name, sizeof(trg.monitor->name), "%s", *args);
-                       put_status(SBSC_MASK_REPORT);
+                       if (num < 1) {
+                               fail(rsp, "monitor %s: Not enough arguments.\n", *(args - 1));
+                               return;
+                       }
+                       rename_monitor(trg.monitor, *args);
                } else if (streq("-s", *args) || streq("--swap", *args)) {
                        num--, args++;
-                       if (num < 1)
-                               return MSG_SYNTAX;
+                       if (num < 1) {
+                               fail(rsp, "monitor %s: Not enough arguments.\n", *(args - 1));
+                               return;
+                       }
                        coordinates_t dst;
-                       if (monitor_from_desc(*args, &trg, &dst))
-                               swap_monitors(trg.monitor, dst.monitor);
-                       else
-                               return MSG_FAILURE;
+                       int ret;
+                       if ((ret = monitor_from_desc(*args, &trg, &dst)) == SELECTOR_OK) {
+                               if (!swap_monitors(trg.monitor, dst.monitor)) {
+                                       fail(rsp, "");
+                                       return;
+                               }
+                       } else {
+                               handle_failure(ret, "monitor -s", *args, rsp);
+                               return;
+                       }
                } else {
-                       return MSG_SYNTAX;
+                       fail(rsp, "monitor: Unknown command: '%s'.\n", *args);
+                       return;
                }
                num--, args++;
        }
-
-       return MSG_SUCCESS;
 }
 
-int cmd_query(char **args, int num, FILE *rsp)
+void cmd_query(char **args, int num, FILE *rsp)
 {
        coordinates_t ref = {mon, mon->desk, mon->desk->focus};
        coordinates_t trg = {NULL, NULL, NULL};
+       monitor_select_t *monitor_sel = NULL;
+       desktop_select_t *desktop_sel = NULL;
+       node_select_t *node_sel = NULL;
        domain_t dom = DOMAIN_TREE;
        int d = 0, t = 0;
 
@@ -649,79 +892,157 @@ int cmd_query(char **args, int num, FILE *rsp)
                        dom = DOMAIN_MONITOR, d++;
                } else if (streq("-D", *args) || streq("--desktops", *args)) {
                        dom = DOMAIN_DESKTOP, d++;
-               } else if (streq("-W", *args) || streq("--windows", *args)) {
-                       dom = DOMAIN_WINDOW, d++;
-               } else if (streq("-H", *args) || streq("--history", *args)) {
-                       dom = DOMAIN_HISTORY, d++;
-               } else if (streq("-S", *args) || streq("--stack", *args)) {
-                       dom = DOMAIN_STACK, d++;
+               } else if (streq("-N", *args) || streq("--nodes", *args)) {
+                       dom = DOMAIN_NODE, d++;
                } else if (streq("-m", *args) || streq("--monitor", *args)) {
-                       trg.monitor = ref.monitor;
                        if (num > 1 && *(args + 1)[0] != OPT_CHR) {
                                num--, args++;
-                               if (!monitor_from_desc(*args, &ref, &trg))
-                                       return MSG_FAILURE;
+                               int ret;
+                               if ((*args)[0] == '.') {
+                                       free(monitor_sel);
+                                       monitor_sel = malloc(sizeof(monitor_select_t));
+                                       *monitor_sel = make_monitor_select();
+                                       char *desc = copy_string(*args, strlen(*args));
+                                       if (!parse_monitor_modifiers(desc, monitor_sel)) {
+                                               handle_failure(SELECTOR_BAD_MODIFIERS, "query -m", *args, rsp);
+                                               free(desc);
+                                               goto end;
+                                       }
+                                       free(desc);
+                               } else if ((ret = monitor_from_desc(*args, &ref, &trg)) != SELECTOR_OK) {
+                                       handle_failure(ret, "query -m", *args, rsp);
+                                       goto end;
+                               }
+                       } else {
+                               trg.monitor = ref.monitor;
                        }
                        t++;
                } else if (streq("-d", *args) || streq("--desktop", *args)) {
-                       trg.monitor = ref.monitor;
-                       trg.desktop = ref.desktop;
                        if (num > 1 && *(args + 1)[0] != OPT_CHR) {
                                num--, args++;
-                               if (!desktop_from_desc(*args, &ref, &trg))
-                                       return MSG_FAILURE;
+                               int ret;
+                               if ((*args)[0] == '.') {
+                                       free(desktop_sel);
+                                       desktop_sel = malloc(sizeof(desktop_select_t));
+                                       *desktop_sel = make_desktop_select();
+                                       char *desc = copy_string(*args, strlen(*args));
+                                       if (!parse_desktop_modifiers(desc, desktop_sel)) {
+                                               handle_failure(SELECTOR_BAD_MODIFIERS, "query -d", *args, rsp);
+                                               free(desc);
+                                               goto end;
+                                       }
+                                       free(desc);
+                               } else if ((ret = desktop_from_desc(*args, &ref, &trg)) != SELECTOR_OK) {
+                                       handle_failure(ret, "query -d", *args, rsp);
+                                       goto end;
+                               }
+                       } else {
+                               trg.monitor = ref.monitor;
+                               trg.desktop = ref.desktop;
                        }
                        t++;
-               } else if (streq("-w", *args) || streq("--window", *args)) {
-                       trg = ref;
+               } else if (streq("-n", *args) || streq("--node", *args)) {
                        if (num > 1 && *(args + 1)[0] != OPT_CHR) {
                                num--, args++;
-                               if (!node_from_desc(*args, &ref, &trg))
-                                       return MSG_FAILURE;
+                               int ret;
+                               if ((*args)[0] == '.') {
+                                       free(node_sel);
+                                       node_sel = malloc(sizeof(node_select_t));
+                                       *node_sel = make_node_select();
+                                       char *desc = copy_string(*args, strlen(*args));
+                                       if (!parse_node_modifiers(desc, node_sel)) {
+                                               handle_failure(SELECTOR_BAD_MODIFIERS, "query -n", *args, rsp);
+                                               free(desc);
+                                               goto end;
+                                       }
+                                       free(desc);
+                               } else if ((ret = node_from_desc(*args, &ref, &trg)) != SELECTOR_OK) {
+                                       handle_failure(ret, "query -n", *args, rsp);
+                                       goto end;
+                               }
+                       } else {
+                               trg = ref;
+                               if (ref.node == NULL) {
+                                       fail(rsp, "");
+                                       goto end;
+                               }
                        }
                        t++;
                } else {
-                       return MSG_SYNTAX;
+                       fail(rsp, "query: Unknown option: '%s'.\n", *args);
+                       goto end;
                }
                num--, args++;
        }
 
-       if (d != 1 || t > 1)
-               return MSG_SYNTAX;
+       if (d != 1 || t > 1) {
+               fail(rsp, "query: Exactly one domain and at most one constraint must be specified.\n");
+               goto end;
+       }
 
-       if (dom == DOMAIN_HISTORY)
-               query_history(trg, rsp);
-       else if (dom == DOMAIN_STACK)
-               query_stack(rsp);
-       else if (dom == DOMAIN_WINDOW)
-               query_windows(trg, rsp);
-       else
-               query_monitors(trg, dom, rsp);
+       if (dom == DOMAIN_NODE) {
+               if (query_node_ids(trg, node_sel, rsp) < 1) {
+                       fail(rsp, "");
+               }
+       } else if (dom == DOMAIN_DESKTOP) {
+               if (query_desktop_ids(trg, desktop_sel, rsp) < 1) {
+                       fail(rsp, "");
+               }
+       } else if (dom == DOMAIN_MONITOR) {
+               if (query_monitor_ids(trg, monitor_sel, rsp) < 1) {
+                       fail(rsp, "");
+               }
+       } else {
+               if (trg.node != NULL) {
+                       query_node(trg.node, rsp);
+               } else if (trg.desktop != NULL) {
+                       query_desktop(trg.desktop, rsp);
+               } else  if (trg.monitor != NULL) {
+                       query_monitor(trg.monitor, rsp);
+               } else {
+                       fail(rsp, "");
+                       goto end;
+               }
+               fprintf(rsp, "\n");
+       }
 
-       return MSG_SUCCESS;
+end:
+       free(monitor_sel);
+       free(desktop_sel);
+       free(node_sel);
 }
 
-int cmd_rule(char **args, int num, FILE *rsp)
+void cmd_rule(char **args, int num, FILE *rsp)
 {
-       if (num < 1)
-               return MSG_SYNTAX;
+       if (num < 1) {
+               fail(rsp, "rule: Missing commands.\n");
+               return;
+       }
+
        while (num > 0) {
                if (streq("-a", *args) || streq("--add", *args)) {
                        num--, args++;
-                       if (num < 2)
-                               return MSG_SYNTAX;
+                       if (num < 2) {
+                               fail(rsp, "rule %s: Not enough arguments.\n", *(args - 1));
+                               return;
+                       }
                        rule_t *rule = make_rule();
-                       snprintf(rule->cause, sizeof(rule->cause), "%s", *args);
+                       char *class_name = strtok(*args, COL_TOK);
+                       char *instance_name = strtok(NULL, COL_TOK);
+                       snprintf(rule->class_name, sizeof(rule->class_name), "%s", class_name);
+                       snprintf(rule->instance_name, sizeof(rule->instance_name), "%s", instance_name==NULL?MATCH_ANY:instance_name);
                        num--, args++;
                        size_t i = 0;
                        while (num > 0) {
                                if (streq("-o", *args) || streq("--one-shot", *args)) {
                                        rule->one_shot = true;
                                } else {
-                                       for (size_t j = 0; i < sizeof(rule->effect) && j < strlen(*args); i++, j++)
+                                       for (size_t j = 0; i < sizeof(rule->effect) && j < strlen(*args); i++, j++) {
                                                rule->effect[i] = (*args)[j];
-                                       if (num > 1 && i < sizeof(rule->effect))
+                                       }
+                                       if (num > 1 && i < sizeof(rule->effect)) {
                                                rule->effect[i++] = ' ';
+                                       }
                                }
                                num--, args++;
                        }
@@ -729,297 +1050,368 @@ int cmd_rule(char **args, int num, FILE *rsp)
                        add_rule(rule);
                } else if (streq("-r", *args) || streq("--remove", *args)) {
                        num--, args++;
-                       if (num < 1)
-                               return MSG_SYNTAX;
-                       int idx;
+                       if (num < 1) {
+                               fail(rsp, "rule %s: Not enough arguments.\n", *(args - 1));
+                               return;
+                       }
+                       uint16_t idx;
                        while (num > 0) {
-                               if (parse_index(*args, &idx))
+                               if (parse_index(*args, &idx)) {
                                        remove_rule_by_index(idx - 1);
-                               else if (streq("tail", *args))
+                               } else if (streq("tail", *args)) {
                                        remove_rule(rule_tail);
-                               else if (streq("head", *args))
+                               } else if (streq("head", *args)) {
                                        remove_rule(rule_head);
-                               else
+                               } else {
                                        remove_rule_by_cause(*args);
+                               }
                                num--, args++;
                        }
                } else if (streq("-l", *args) || streq("--list", *args)) {
-                       num--, args++;
-                       list_rules(num > 0 ? *args : NULL, rsp);
+                       list_rules(rsp);
                } else {
-                       return MSG_SYNTAX;
+                       fail(rsp, "rule: Unknown command: '%s'.\n", *args);
+                       return;
                }
                num--, args++;
        }
-
-       return MSG_SUCCESS;
 }
 
-int cmd_pointer(char **args, int num)
+void cmd_wm(char **args, int num, FILE *rsp)
 {
-       if (num < 1)
-               return MSG_SYNTAX;
-       while (num > 0) {
-               if (streq("-t", *args) || streq("--track", *args)) {
-                       num--, args++;
-                       if (num < 2)
-                               return MSG_SYNTAX;
-                       int x, y;
-                       if (sscanf(*args, "%i", &x) == 1 && sscanf(*(args + 1), "%i", &y) == 1)
-                               track_pointer(x, y);
-                       else
-                               return MSG_FAILURE;
-                       num--, args++;
-               } else if (streq("-g", *args) || streq("--grab", *args)) {
-                       num--, args++;
-                       if (num < 1)
-                               return MSG_SYNTAX;
-                       pointer_action_t pac;
-                       if (parse_pointer_action(*args, &pac))
-                               grab_pointer(pac);
-                       else
-                               return MSG_FAILURE;
-               } else if (streq("-u", *args) || streq("--ungrab", *args)) {
-                       ungrab_pointer();
-               } else {
-                       return MSG_SYNTAX;
-               }
-               num--, args++;
+       if (num < 1) {
+               fail(rsp, "wm: Missing commands.\n");
+               return;
        }
 
-       return MSG_SUCCESS;
-}
-
-int cmd_restore(char **args, int num)
-{
-       if (num < 1)
-               return MSG_SYNTAX;
        while (num > 0) {
-               if (streq("-T", *args) || streq("--tree", *args)) {
+               if (streq("-d", *args) || streq("--dump-state", *args)) {
+                       query_tree(rsp);
+                       fprintf(rsp, "\n");
+               } else if (streq("-l", *args) || streq("--load-state", *args)) {
                        num--, args++;
-                       if (num < 1)
-                               return MSG_SYNTAX;
-                       restore_tree(*args);
-               } else if (streq("-H", *args) || streq("--history", *args)) {
+                       if (num < 1) {
+                               fail(rsp, "wm %s: Not enough arguments.\n", *(args - 1));
+                               break;
+                       }
+                       if (!restore_tree(*args)) {
+                               fail(rsp, "");
+                               break;
+                       }
+               } else if (streq("-a", *args) || streq("--add-monitor", *args)) {
                        num--, args++;
-                       if (num < 1)
-                               return MSG_SYNTAX;
-                       restore_history(*args);
-               } else if (streq("-S", *args) || streq("--stack", *args)) {
+                       if (num < 2) {
+                               fail(rsp, "wm %s: Not enough arguments.\n", *(args - 1));
+                               break;
+                       }
+                       char *name = *args;
+                       num--, args++;
+                       xcb_rectangle_t r;
+                       if (parse_rectangle(*args, &r)) {
+                               monitor_t *m = make_monitor(&r, XCB_NONE);
+                               snprintf(m->name, sizeof(m->name), "%s", name);
+                               add_monitor(m);
+                               add_desktop(m, make_desktop(NULL, XCB_NONE));
+                       } else {
+                               fail(rsp, "wm %s: Invalid argument: '%s'.\n", *(args - 1), *args);
+                               break;
+                       }
+               } else if (streq("-o", *args) || streq("--adopt-orphans", *args)) {
+                       adopt_orphans();
+               } else if (streq("-g", *args) || streq("--get-status", *args)) {
+                       print_report(rsp);
+               } else if (streq("-h", *args) || streq("--record-history", *args)) {
                        num--, args++;
-                       if (num < 1)
-                               return MSG_SYNTAX;
-                       restore_stack(*args);
+                       if (num < 1) {
+                               fail(rsp, "wm %s: Not enough arguments.\n", *(args - 1));
+                               break;
+                       }
+                       bool b;
+                       if (parse_bool(*args, &b)) {
+                               record_history = b;
+                       } else {
+                               fail(rsp, "wm %s: Invalid argument: '%s'.\n", *(args - 1), *args);
+                               break;
+                       }
                } else {
-                       return MSG_SYNTAX;
+                       fail(rsp, "wm: Unkown command: '%s'.\n", *args);
+                       break;
                }
                num--, args++;
        }
-
-       return MSG_SUCCESS;
 }
 
-int cmd_control(char **args, int num, FILE *rsp)
+int cmd_subscribe(char **args, int num, FILE *rsp)
 {
-       if (num < 1)
-               return MSG_SYNTAX;
-       while (num > 0) {
-               if (streq("--adopt-orphans", *args)) {
-                       adopt_orphans();
-               } else if (streq("--toggle-visibility", *args)) {
-                       toggle_visibility();
-               } else if (streq("--subscribe", *args)) {
-                       num--, args++;
-                       int field = 0;
-                       if (num < 1) {
-                               field = SBSC_MASK_REPORT;
+       int field = 0;
+       if (num < 1) {
+               field = SBSC_MASK_REPORT;
+       } else {
+               subscriber_mask_t mask;
+               while (num > 0) {
+                       if (parse_subscriber_mask(*args, &mask)) {
+                               field |= mask;
                        } else {
-                               subscriber_mask_t mask;
-                               while (num > 0) {
-                                       if (parse_subscriber_mask(*args, &mask)) {
-                                               field |= mask;
-                                       } else {
-                                               return MSG_SYNTAX;
-                                       }
-                                       num--, args++;
-                               }
+                               fail(rsp, "subscribe: Invalid argument: '%s'.\n", *args);
+                               return SUBSCRIBE_FAILURE;
                        }
-                       add_subscriber(rsp, field);
-                       return MSG_SUBSCRIBE;
-               } else if (streq("--get-status", *args)) {
-                       print_report(rsp);
-               } else if (streq("--record-history", *args)) {
                        num--, args++;
-                       if (num < 1)
-                               return MSG_SYNTAX;
-                       bool b;
-                       if (parse_bool(*args, &b))
-                               record_history = b;
-                       else
-                               return MSG_SYNTAX;
-               } else {
-                       return MSG_SYNTAX;
                }
-               num--, args++;
        }
 
-       return MSG_SUCCESS;
+       add_subscriber(rsp, field);
+       return SUBSCRIBE_SUCCESS;
 }
 
-int cmd_config(char **args, int num, FILE *rsp)
+void cmd_quit(char **args, int num, FILE *rsp)
 {
-       if (num < 1)
-               return MSG_SYNTAX;
+       if (num > 0 && sscanf(*args, "%i", &exit_status) != 1) {
+               fail(rsp, "%s: Invalid argument: '%s'.\n", *(args - 1), *args);
+               return;
+       }
+       running = false;
+}
+
+void cmd_config(char **args, int num, FILE *rsp)
+{
+       if (num < 1) {
+               fail(rsp, "config: Missing arguments.\n");
+               return;
+       }
+
        coordinates_t ref = {mon, mon->desk, mon->desk->focus};
        coordinates_t trg = {NULL, NULL, NULL};
-       if ((*args)[0] == OPT_CHR) {
+
+       while (num > 0 && (*args)[0] == OPT_CHR) {
                if (streq("-m", *args) || streq("--monitor", *args)) {
                        num--, args++;
-                       if (num < 1)
-                               return MSG_SYNTAX;
-                       if (!monitor_from_desc(*args, &ref, &trg))
-                               return MSG_FAILURE;
+                       if (num < 1) {
+                               fail(rsp, "config %s: Not enough arguments.\n", *(args - 1));
+                               return;
+                       }
+                       int ret;
+                       if ((ret = monitor_from_desc(*args, &ref, &trg)) != SELECTOR_OK) {
+                               handle_failure(ret, "config -m", *args, rsp);
+                               return;
+                       }
                } else if (streq("-d", *args) || streq("--desktop", *args)) {
                        num--, args++;
-                       if (num < 1)
-                               return MSG_SYNTAX;
-                       if (!desktop_from_desc(*args, &ref, &trg))
-                               return MSG_FAILURE;
-               } else if (streq("-w", *args) || streq("--window", *args)) {
+                       if (num < 1) {
+                               fail(rsp, "config %s: Not enough arguments.\n", *(args - 1));
+                               return;
+                       }
+                       int ret;
+                       if ((ret = desktop_from_desc(*args, &ref, &trg)) != SELECTOR_OK) {
+                               handle_failure(ret, "config -d", *args, rsp);
+                               return;
+                       }
+               } else if (streq("-n", *args) || streq("--node", *args)) {
                        num--, args++;
-                       if (num < 1)
-                               return MSG_SYNTAX;
-                       if (!node_from_desc(*args, &ref, &trg))
-                               return MSG_FAILURE;
+                       if (num < 1) {
+                               fail(rsp, "config %s: Not enough arguments.\n", *(args - 1));
+                               return;
+                       }
+                       int ret;
+                       if ((ret = node_from_desc(*args, &ref, &trg)) != SELECTOR_OK) {
+                               handle_failure(ret, "config -n", *args, rsp);
+                               return;
+                       }
                } else {
-                       return MSG_SYNTAX;
+                       fail(rsp, "config: Unknown option: '%s'.\n", *args);
+                       return;
                }
                num--, args++;
        }
-       if (num == 2)
-               return set_setting(trg, *args, *(args + 1));
-       else if (num == 1)
-               return get_setting(trg, *args, rsp);
-       else
-               return MSG_SYNTAX;
-}
-
-int cmd_quit(char **args, int num)
-{
-       if (num > 0 && sscanf(*args, "%i", &exit_status) != 1)
-               return MSG_FAILURE;
-       running = false;
-       return MSG_SUCCESS;
+       if (num == 2) {
+               set_setting(trg, *args, *(args + 1), rsp);
+       } else if (num == 1) {
+               get_setting(trg, *args, rsp);
+       } else {
+               fail(rsp, "config: Was expecting 1 or 2 arguments, received %i.\n", num);
+       }
 }
 
-int set_setting(coordinates_t loc, char *name, char *value)
+void set_setting(coordinates_t loc, char *name, char *value, FILE *rsp)
 {
-#define DESKWINDEFSET(k, v) \
-               if (loc.node != NULL) \
+       bool colors_changed = false;
+#define SET_DEF_DEFMON_DEFDESK_WIN(k, v) \
+               if (loc.node != NULL) { \
                        loc.node->client->k = v; \
-               else if (loc.desktop != NULL) \
+               } else if (loc.desktop != NULL) { \
                        loc.desktop->k = v; \
-               else if (loc.monitor != NULL) \
-                       for (desktop_t *d = loc.monitor->desk_head; d != NULL; d = d->next) \
+                       for (node_t *n = first_extrema(loc.desktop->root); n != NULL; n = next_leaf(n, loc.desktop->root)) { \
+                               if (n->client != NULL) { \
+                                       n->client->k = v; \
+                               } \
+                       } \
+               } else if (loc.monitor != NULL) { \
+                       loc.monitor->k = v; \
+                       for (desktop_t *d = loc.monitor->desk_head; d != NULL; d = d->next) { \
                                d->k = v; \
-               else \
-                       k = v;
+                               for (node_t *n = first_extrema(d->root); n != NULL; n = next_leaf(n, d->root)) { \
+                                       if (n->client != NULL) { \
+                                               n->client->k = v; \
+                                       } \
+                               } \
+                       } \
+               } else { \
+                       k = v; \
+                       for (monitor_t *m = mon_head; m != NULL; m = m->next) { \
+                               m->k = v; \
+                               for (desktop_t *d = m->desk_head; d != NULL; d = d->next) { \
+                                       d->k = v; \
+                                       for (node_t *n = first_extrema(d->root); n != NULL; n = next_leaf(n, d->root)) { \
+                                               if (n->client != NULL) { \
+                                                       n->client->k = v; \
+                                               } \
+                                       } \
+                               } \
+                       } \
+               }
        if (streq("border_width", name)) {
                unsigned int bw;
-               if (sscanf(value, "%u", &bw) != 1)
-                       return MSG_FAILURE;
-               DESKWINDEFSET(border_width, bw)
-#undef DESKWINDEFSET
-#define DESKDEFSET(k, v) \
-               if (loc.desktop != NULL) \
+               if (sscanf(value, "%u", &bw) != 1) {
+                       fail(rsp, "config: %s: Invalid value: '%s'.", name, value);
+                       return;
+               }
+               SET_DEF_DEFMON_DEFDESK_WIN(border_width, bw)
+#undef SET_DEF_DEFMON_DEFDESK_WIN
+#define SET_DEF_DEFMON_DESK(k, v) \
+               if (loc.desktop != NULL) { \
                        loc.desktop->k = v; \
-               else if (loc.monitor != NULL) \
-                       return MSG_SYNTAX; \
-               else \
-                       k = v;
+               } else if (loc.monitor != NULL) { \
+                       loc.monitor->k = v; \
+                       for (desktop_t *d = loc.monitor->desk_head; d != NULL; d = d->next) { \
+                               d->k = v; \
+                       } \
+               } else { \
+                       k = v; \
+                       for (monitor_t *m = mon_head; m != NULL; m = m->next) { \
+                               m->k = v; \
+                               for (desktop_t *d = m->desk_head; d != NULL; d = d->next) { \
+                                       d->k = v; \
+                               } \
+                       } \
+               }
        } else if (streq("window_gap", name)) {
                int wg;
-               if (sscanf(value, "%i", &wg) != 1)
-                       return MSG_FAILURE;
-               DESKDEFSET(window_gap, wg)
-#undef DESKDEFSET
-#define MONDESKSET(k, v) \
-               if (loc.desktop != NULL) \
+               if (sscanf(value, "%i", &wg) != 1) {
+                       fail(rsp, "");
+                       return;
+               }
+               SET_DEF_DEFMON_DESK(window_gap, wg)
+#undef SET_DEF_DEFMON_DESK
+#define SET_DEF_MON_DESK(k, v) \
+               if (loc.desktop != NULL) { \
                        loc.desktop->k = v; \
-               else if (loc.monitor != NULL) \
+               } else if (loc.monitor != NULL) { \
                        loc.monitor->k = v; \
-               else \
-                       for (monitor_t *m = mon_head; m != NULL; m = m->next) \
-                               m->k = v;
+               } else { \
+                       k = v; \
+                       for (monitor_t *m = mon_head; m != NULL; m = m->next) { \
+                               m->k = v; \
+                       } \
+               }
        } else if (streq("top_padding", name)) {
                int tp;
-               if (sscanf(value, "%i", &tp) != 1)
-                       return MSG_FAILURE;
-               MONDESKSET(top_padding, tp)
+               if (sscanf(value, "%i", &tp) != 1) {
+                       fail(rsp, "config: %s: Invalid value: '%s'.\n", name, value);
+                       return;
+               }
+               SET_DEF_MON_DESK(padding.top, tp)
        } else if (streq("right_padding", name)) {
                int rp;
-               if (sscanf(value, "%i", &rp) != 1)
-                       return MSG_FAILURE;
-               MONDESKSET(right_padding, rp)
+               if (sscanf(value, "%i", &rp) != 1) {
+                       fail(rsp, "config: %s: Invalid value: '%s'.\n", name, value);
+                       return;
+               }
+               SET_DEF_MON_DESK(padding.right, rp)
        } else if (streq("bottom_padding", name)) {
                int bp;
-               if (sscanf(value, "%i", &bp) != 1)
-                       return MSG_FAILURE;
-               MONDESKSET(bottom_padding, bp)
+               if (sscanf(value, "%i", &bp) != 1) {
+                       fail(rsp, "config: %s: Invalid value: '%s'.\n", name, value);
+                       return;
+               }
+               SET_DEF_MON_DESK(padding.bottom, bp)
        } else if (streq("left_padding", name)) {
                int lp;
-               if (sscanf(value, "%i", &lp) != 1)
-                       return MSG_FAILURE;
-               MONDESKSET(left_padding, lp)
-#undef MONDESKSET
-#define SETSTR(s) \
+               if (sscanf(value, "%i", &lp) != 1) {
+                       fail(rsp, "config: %s: Invalid value: '%s'.\n", name, value);
+                       return;
+               }
+               SET_DEF_MON_DESK(padding.left, lp)
+#undef SET_DEF_MON_DESK
+#define SET_STR(s) \
        } else if (streq(#s, name)) { \
-               if (snprintf(s, sizeof(s), "%s", value) < 0) \
-                       return MSG_FAILURE;
-       SETSTR(external_rules_command)
-       SETSTR(status_prefix)
-#undef SETSTR
+               if (snprintf(s, sizeof(s), "%s", value) < 0) { \
+                       fail(rsp, ""); \
+                       return; \
+               }
+       SET_STR(external_rules_command)
+       SET_STR(status_prefix)
+#undef SET_STR
        } else if (streq("split_ratio", name)) {
                double r;
-               if (sscanf(value, "%lf", &r) == 1 && r > 0 && r < 1)
+               if (sscanf(value, "%lf", &r) == 1 && r > 0 && r < 1) {
                        split_ratio = r;
-               else
-                       return MSG_FAILURE;
-               return MSG_SUCCESS;
-#define SETCOLOR(s) \
+               } else {
+                       fail(rsp, "config: %s: Invalid value: '%s'.\n", name, value); \
+                       return;
+               }
+               return;
+#define SET_COLOR(s) \
        } else if (streq(#s, name)) { \
-               snprintf(s, sizeof(s), "%s", value);
-       SETCOLOR(focused_border_color)
-       SETCOLOR(active_border_color)
-       SETCOLOR(normal_border_color)
-       SETCOLOR(presel_border_color)
-       SETCOLOR(focused_locked_border_color)
-       SETCOLOR(active_locked_border_color)
-       SETCOLOR(normal_locked_border_color)
-       SETCOLOR(focused_sticky_border_color)
-       SETCOLOR(active_sticky_border_color)
-       SETCOLOR(normal_sticky_border_color)
-       SETCOLOR(focused_private_border_color)
-       SETCOLOR(active_private_border_color)
-       SETCOLOR(normal_private_border_color)
-       SETCOLOR(urgent_border_color)
-#undef SETCOLOR
+               if (!is_hex_color(value)) { \
+                       fail(rsp, "config: %s: Invalid value: '%s'.\n", name, value); \
+                       return; \
+               } else { \
+                       snprintf(s, sizeof(s), "%s", value); \
+                       colors_changed = true; \
+               }
+       SET_COLOR(normal_border_color)
+       SET_COLOR(active_border_color)
+       SET_COLOR(focused_border_color)
+       SET_COLOR(presel_feedback_color)
+#undef SET_COLOR
        } else if (streq("initial_polarity", name)) {
                child_polarity_t p;
                if (parse_child_polarity(value, &p)) {
                        initial_polarity = p;
                } else {
-                       return MSG_FAILURE;
+                       fail(rsp, "config: %s: Invalid value: '%s'.\n", name, value);
+                       return;
+               }
+       } else if (streq("pointer_modifier", name)) {
+               if (parse_modifier_mask(value, &pointer_modifier)) {
+                       ungrab_buttons();
+                       grab_buttons();
+               } else {
+                       fail(rsp, "config: %s: Invalid value: '%s'.\n", name, value);
+                       return;
+               }
+       } else if (streq("click_to_focus", name)) {
+               if (parse_bool(value, &click_to_focus)) {
+                       ungrab_buttons();
+                       grab_buttons();
+               } else {
+                       fail(rsp, "config: %s: Invalid value: '%s'.\n", name, value);
+                       return;
                }
        } else if (streq("focus_follows_pointer", name)) {
                bool b;
-               if (parse_bool(value, &b) && b != focus_follows_pointer) {
+               if (parse_bool(value, &b)) {
+                       if (b == focus_follows_pointer) {
+                               return;
+                       }
                        focus_follows_pointer = b;
                        uint32_t values[] = {CLIENT_EVENT_MASK | (focus_follows_pointer ? XCB_EVENT_MASK_ENTER_WINDOW : 0)};
                        for (monitor_t *m = mon_head; m != NULL; m = m->next) {
                                for (desktop_t *d = m->desk_head; d != NULL; d = d->next) {
                                        for (node_t *n = first_extrema(d->root); n != NULL; n = next_leaf(n, d->root)) {
-                                               xcb_change_window_attributes(dpy, n->client->window, XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK, values);
+                                               if (n->client == NULL) {
+                                                       continue;
+                                               }
+                                               xcb_change_window_attributes(dpy, n->id, XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK, values);
                                        }
                                }
                        }
@@ -1033,357 +1425,159 @@ int set_setting(coordinates_t loc, char *name, char *value)
                                }
                                disable_motion_recorder();
                        }
-                       return MSG_SUCCESS;
+                       return;
                } else {
-                       return MSG_FAILURE;
+                       fail(rsp, "config: %s: Invalid value: '%s'.\n", name, value);
+                       return;
                }
-#define SETBOOL(s) \
+#define SET_BOOL(s) \
        } else if (streq(#s, name)) { \
-               if (!parse_bool(value, &s)) \
-                       return MSG_FAILURE;
-               SETBOOL(borderless_monocle)
-               SETBOOL(gapless_monocle)
-               SETBOOL(leaf_monocle)
-               SETBOOL(pointer_follows_focus)
-               SETBOOL(pointer_follows_monitor)
-               SETBOOL(apply_floating_atom)
-               SETBOOL(auto_alternate)
-               SETBOOL(auto_cancel)
-               SETBOOL(history_aware_focus)
-               SETBOOL(focus_by_distance)
-               SETBOOL(ignore_ewmh_focus)
-               SETBOOL(center_pseudo_tiled)
-#undef SETBOOL
-#define SETMONBOOL(s) \
+               if (!parse_bool(value, &s)) { \
+                       fail(rsp, "config: %s: Invalid value: '%s'.\n", name, value); \
+                       return; \
+               }
+               SET_BOOL(borderless_monocle)
+               SET_BOOL(gapless_monocle)
+               SET_BOOL(paddingless_monocle)
+               SET_BOOL(single_monocle)
+               SET_BOOL(pointer_follows_focus)
+               SET_BOOL(pointer_follows_monitor)
+               SET_BOOL(history_aware_focus)
+               SET_BOOL(focus_by_distance)
+               SET_BOOL(ignore_ewmh_focus)
+               SET_BOOL(center_pseudo_tiled)
+               SET_BOOL(honor_size_hints)
+#undef SET_BOOL
+#define SET_MON_BOOL(s) \
        } else if (streq(#s, name)) { \
-               if (!parse_bool(value, &s)) \
-                       return MSG_FAILURE; \
-               if (s) \
-                       update_monitors();
-               SETMONBOOL(remove_disabled_monitors)
-               SETMONBOOL(remove_unplugged_monitors)
-               SETMONBOOL(merge_overlapping_monitors)
-#undef SETMONBOOL
+               if (!parse_bool(value, &s)) { \
+                       fail(rsp, "config: %s: Invalid value: '%s'.\n", name, value); \
+                       return; \
+               } \
+               if (s) { \
+                       update_monitors(); \
+               }
+               SET_MON_BOOL(remove_disabled_monitors)
+               SET_MON_BOOL(remove_unplugged_monitors)
+               SET_MON_BOOL(merge_overlapping_monitors)
+#undef SET_MON_BOOL
        } else {
-               return MSG_FAILURE;
+               fail(rsp, "config: Unknown setting: '%s'.\n", name);
+               return;
        }
 
-       for (monitor_t *m = mon_head; m != NULL; m = m->next)
-               for (desktop_t *d = m->desk_head; d != NULL; d = d->next)
+       for (monitor_t *m = mon_head; m != NULL; m = m->next) {
+               for (desktop_t *d = m->desk_head; d != NULL; d = d->next) {
                        arrange(m, d);
-
-       return MSG_SUCCESS;
+                       if (colors_changed) {
+                               update_colors_in(d->root, d, m);
+                       }
+               }
+       }
 }
 
-int get_setting(coordinates_t loc, char *name, FILE* rsp)
+void get_setting(coordinates_t loc, char *name, FILE* rsp)
 {
-       if (streq("split_ratio", name))
+       if (streq("split_ratio", name)) {
                fprintf(rsp, "%lf", split_ratio);
-       else if (streq("window_gap", name))
-               if (loc.desktop != NULL)
-                       fprintf(rsp, "%i", loc.desktop->window_gap);
-               else if (loc.monitor != NULL)
-                       return MSG_SYNTAX;
-               else
-                       fprintf(rsp, "%i", window_gap);
-       else if (streq("border_width", name))
-               if (loc.node != NULL)
+       } else if (streq("border_width", name)) {
+               if (loc.node != NULL) {
                        fprintf(rsp, "%u", loc.node->client->border_width);
-               else if (loc.desktop != NULL)
+               } else if (loc.desktop != NULL) {
                        fprintf(rsp, "%u", loc.desktop->border_width);
-               else
+               } else if (loc.monitor != NULL) {
+                       fprintf(rsp, "%u", loc.monitor->border_width);
+               } else {
                        fprintf(rsp, "%u", border_width);
-       else if (streq("external_rules_command", name))
-               fprintf(rsp, "%s", external_rules_command);
-       else if (streq("status_prefix", name))
-               fprintf(rsp, "%s", status_prefix);
-       else if (streq("initial_polarity", name))
-               fprintf(rsp, "%s", initial_polarity == FIRST_CHILD ? "first_child" : "second_child");
-#define MONDESKGET(k) \
-       else if (streq(#k, name)) \
-               if (loc.desktop != NULL) \
+               }
+       } else if (streq("window_gap", name)) {
+               if (loc.desktop != NULL) {
+                       fprintf(rsp, "%i", loc.desktop->window_gap);
+               } else if (loc.monitor != NULL) {
+                       fprintf(rsp, "%i", loc.monitor->window_gap);
+               } else {
+                       fprintf(rsp, "%i", window_gap);
+               }
+#define GET_DEF_MON_DESK(k) \
+               if (loc.desktop != NULL) { \
                        fprintf(rsp, "%i", loc.desktop->k); \
-               else if (loc.monitor != NULL) \
+               } else if (loc.monitor != NULL) { \
                        fprintf(rsp, "%i", loc.monitor->k); \
-               else \
-                       return MSG_FAILURE;
-       MONDESKGET(top_padding)
-       MONDESKGET(right_padding)
-       MONDESKGET(bottom_padding)
-       MONDESKGET(left_padding)
-#undef DESKGET
-#define GETCOLOR(s) \
-       else if (streq(#s, name)) \
+               } else { \
+                       fprintf(rsp, "%i", k); \
+               }
+       } else if (streq("top_padding", name)) {
+               GET_DEF_MON_DESK(padding.top)
+       } else if (streq("right_padding", name)) {
+               GET_DEF_MON_DESK(padding.right)
+       } else if (streq("bottom_padding", name)) {
+               GET_DEF_MON_DESK(padding.bottom)
+       } else if (streq("left_padding", name)) {
+               GET_DEF_MON_DESK(padding.left)
+#undef GET_DEF_MON_DESK
+       } else if (streq("external_rules_command", name)) {
+               fprintf(rsp, "%s", external_rules_command);
+       } else if (streq("status_prefix", name)) {
+               fprintf(rsp, "%s", status_prefix);
+       } else if (streq("initial_polarity", name)) {
+               fprintf(rsp, "%s", CHILD_POL_STR(initial_polarity));
+       } else if (streq("pointer_modifier", name)) {
+               print_modifier_mask(pointer_modifier, rsp);
+#define GET_COLOR(s) \
+       } else if (streq(#s, name)) { \
                fprintf(rsp, "%s", s);
-       GETCOLOR(focused_border_color)
-       GETCOLOR(active_border_color)
-       GETCOLOR(normal_border_color)
-       GETCOLOR(presel_border_color)
-       GETCOLOR(focused_locked_border_color)
-       GETCOLOR(active_locked_border_color)
-       GETCOLOR(normal_locked_border_color)
-       GETCOLOR(focused_sticky_border_color)
-       GETCOLOR(active_sticky_border_color)
-       GETCOLOR(normal_sticky_border_color)
-       GETCOLOR(urgent_border_color)
-#undef GETCOLOR
-#define GETBOOL(s) \
-       else if (streq(#s, name)) \
-               fprintf(rsp, "%s", BOOLSTR(s));
-       GETBOOL(borderless_monocle)
-       GETBOOL(gapless_monocle)
-       GETBOOL(leaf_monocle)
-       GETBOOL(focus_follows_pointer)
-       GETBOOL(pointer_follows_focus)
-       GETBOOL(pointer_follows_monitor)
-       GETBOOL(apply_floating_atom)
-       GETBOOL(auto_alternate)
-       GETBOOL(auto_cancel)
-       GETBOOL(history_aware_focus)
-       GETBOOL(focus_by_distance)
-       GETBOOL(ignore_ewmh_focus)
-       GETBOOL(center_pseudo_tiled)
-       GETBOOL(remove_disabled_monitors)
-       GETBOOL(remove_unplugged_monitors)
-       GETBOOL(merge_overlapping_monitors)
-#undef GETBOOL
-       else
-               return MSG_FAILURE;
-       fprintf(rsp, "\n");
-       return MSG_SUCCESS;
-}
-
-bool parse_subscriber_mask(char *s, subscriber_mask_t *mask)
-{
-       if (streq("all", s)) {
-               *mask = SBSC_MASK_ALL;
-       } else if (streq("window", s)) {
-               *mask = SBSC_MASK_WINDOW;
-       } else if (streq("desktop", s)) {
-               *mask = SBSC_MASK_DESKTOP;
-       } else if (streq("monitor", s)) {
-               *mask = SBSC_MASK_MONITOR;
-       } else if (streq("window_manage", s)) {
-               *mask = SBSC_MASK_WINDOW_MANAGE;
-       } else if (streq("window_unmanage", s)) {
-               *mask = SBSC_MASK_WINDOW_UNMANAGE;
-       } else if (streq("window_swap", s)) {
-               *mask = SBSC_MASK_WINDOW_SWAP;
-       } else if (streq("window_transfer", s)) {
-               *mask = SBSC_MASK_WINDOW_TRANSFER;
-       } else if (streq("window_focus", s)) {
-               *mask = SBSC_MASK_WINDOW_FOCUS;
-       } else if (streq("window_resize", s)) {
-               *mask = SBSC_MASK_WINDOW_RESIZE;
-       } else if (streq("window_move", s)) {
-               *mask = SBSC_MASK_WINDOW_MOVE;
-       } else if (streq("window_state", s)) {
-               *mask = SBSC_MASK_WINDOW_STATE;
-       } else if (streq("desktop_add", s)) {
-               *mask = SBSC_MASK_DESKTOP_ADD;
-       } else if (streq("desktop_rename", s)) {
-               *mask = SBSC_MASK_DESKTOP_RENAME;
-       } else if (streq("desktop_remove", s)) {
-               *mask = SBSC_MASK_DESKTOP_REMOVE;
-       } else if (streq("desktop_swap", s)) {
-               *mask = SBSC_MASK_DESKTOP_SWAP;
-       } else if (streq("desktop_transfer", s)) {
-               *mask = SBSC_MASK_DESKTOP_TRANSFER;
-       } else if (streq("desktop_focus", s)) {
-               *mask = SBSC_MASK_DESKTOP_FOCUS;
-       } else if (streq("desktop_layout", s)) {
-               *mask = SBSC_MASK_DESKTOP_LAYOUT;
-       } else if (streq("desktop_state", s)) {
-               *mask = SBSC_MASK_DESKTOP_STATE;
-       } else if (streq("monitor_add", s)) {
-               *mask = SBSC_MASK_MONITOR_ADD;
-       } else if (streq("monitor_rename", s)) {
-               *mask = SBSC_MASK_MONITOR_RENAME;
-       } else if (streq("monitor_remove", s)) {
-               *mask = SBSC_MASK_MONITOR_REMOVE;
-       } else if (streq("monitor_focus", s)) {
-               *mask = SBSC_MASK_MONITOR_FOCUS;
-       } else if (streq("monitor_resize", s)) {
-               *mask = SBSC_MASK_MONITOR_RESIZE;
-       } else if (streq("report", s)) {
-               *mask = SBSC_MASK_REPORT;
-       } else {
-               return false;
-       }
-       return true;
-}
-
-bool parse_bool(char *value, bool *b)
-{
-       if (streq("true", value) || streq("on", value)) {
-               *b = true;
-               return true;
-       } else if (streq("false", value) || streq("off", value)) {
-               *b = false;
-               return true;
-       }
-       return false;
-}
-
-bool parse_layout(char *s, layout_t *l)
-{
-       if (streq("monocle", s)) {
-               *l = LAYOUT_MONOCLE;
-               return true;
-       } else if (streq("tiled", s)) {
-               *l = LAYOUT_TILED;
-               return true;
-       }
-       return false;
-}
-
-bool parse_direction(char *s, direction_t *d)
-{
-       if (streq("right", s)) {
-               *d = DIR_RIGHT;
-               return true;
-       } else if (streq("down", s)) {
-               *d = DIR_DOWN;
-               return true;
-       } else if (streq("left", s)) {
-               *d = DIR_LEFT;
-               return true;
-       } else if (streq("up", s)) {
-               *d = DIR_UP;
-               return true;
-       }
-       return false;
-}
-
-bool parse_cycle_direction(char *s, cycle_dir_t *d)
-{
-       if (streq("next", s)) {
-               *d = CYCLE_NEXT;
-               return true;
-       } else if (streq("prev", s)) {
-               *d = CYCLE_PREV;
-               return true;
-       }
-       return false;
-}
-
-bool parse_circulate_direction(char *s, circulate_dir_t *d)
-{
-       if (streq("forward", s)) {
-               *d = CIRCULATE_FORWARD;
-               return true;
-       } else if (streq("backward", s)) {
-               *d = CIRCULATE_BACKWARD;
-               return true;
-       }
-       return false;
-}
-
-bool parse_history_direction(char *s, history_dir_t *d)
-{
-       if (streq("older", s)) {
-               *d = HISTORY_OLDER;
-               return true;
-       } else if (streq("newer", s)) {
-               *d = HISTORY_NEWER;
-               return true;
-       }
-       return false;
-}
-
-
-bool parse_flip(char *s, flip_t *f)
-{
-       if (streq("horizontal", s)) {
-               *f = FLIP_HORIZONTAL;
-               return true;
-       } else if (streq("vertical", s)) {
-               *f = FLIP_VERTICAL;
-               return true;
-       }
-       return false;
-}
-
-bool parse_pointer_action(char *s, pointer_action_t *a)
-{
-       if (streq("move", s)) {
-               *a = ACTION_MOVE;
-               return true;
-       } else if (streq("resize_corner", s)) {
-               *a = ACTION_RESIZE_CORNER;
-               return true;
-       } else if (streq("resize_side", s)) {
-               *a = ACTION_RESIZE_SIDE;
-               return true;
-       } else if (streq("focus", s)) {
-               *a = ACTION_FOCUS;
-               return true;
-       }
-       return false;
-}
-
-bool parse_child_polarity(char *s, child_polarity_t *p)
-{
-       if (streq("first_child", s)) {
-               *p = FIRST_CHILD;
-               return true;
-       } else if (streq("second_child", s)) {
-               *p = SECOND_CHILD;
-               return true;
-       }
-       return false;
-}
-
-bool parse_degree(char *s, int *d)
-{
-       int i = atoi(s);
-       while (i < 0)
-               i += 360;
-       while (i > 359)
-               i -= 360;
-       if ((i % 90) != 0) {
-               return false;
+       GET_COLOR(normal_border_color)
+       GET_COLOR(active_border_color)
+       GET_COLOR(focused_border_color)
+       GET_COLOR(presel_feedback_color)
+#undef GET_COLOR
+#define GET_BOOL(s) \
+       } else if (streq(#s, name)) { \
+               fprintf(rsp, "%s", BOOL_STR(s));
+       GET_BOOL(borderless_monocle)
+       GET_BOOL(gapless_monocle)
+       GET_BOOL(paddingless_monocle)
+       GET_BOOL(single_monocle)
+       GET_BOOL(click_to_focus)
+       GET_BOOL(focus_follows_pointer)
+       GET_BOOL(pointer_follows_focus)
+       GET_BOOL(pointer_follows_monitor)
+       GET_BOOL(history_aware_focus)
+       GET_BOOL(focus_by_distance)
+       GET_BOOL(ignore_ewmh_focus)
+       GET_BOOL(center_pseudo_tiled)
+       GET_BOOL(honor_size_hints)
+       GET_BOOL(remove_disabled_monitors)
+       GET_BOOL(remove_unplugged_monitors)
+       GET_BOOL(merge_overlapping_monitors)
+#undef GET_BOOL
        } else {
-               *d = i;
-               return true;
+               fail(rsp, "config: Unknown setting: '%s'.\n", name);
+               return;
        }
+       fprintf(rsp, "\n");
 }
 
-bool parse_window_id(char *s, long int *i)
-{
-       char *end;
-       errno = 0;
-       long int ret = strtol(s, &end, 0);
-       if (errno != 0 || *end != '\0')
-               return false;
-       else
-               *i = ret;
-       return true;
-}
-
-bool parse_bool_declaration(char *s, char **key, bool *value, alter_state_t *state)
+void handle_failure(int code, char *src, char *val, FILE *rsp)
 {
-       *key = strtok(s, EQL_TOK);
-       char *v = strtok(NULL, EQL_TOK);
-       if (v == NULL) {
-               *state = ALTER_TOGGLE;
-               return true;
-       } else {
-               if (parse_bool(v, value)) {
-                       *state = ALTER_SET;
-                       return true;
-               } else {
-                       return false;
-               }
+       switch (code) {
+               case SELECTOR_BAD_DESCRIPTOR:
+                       fail(rsp, "%s: Invalid descriptor found in '%s'.\n", src, val);
+                       break;
+               case SELECTOR_BAD_MODIFIERS:
+                       fail(rsp, "%s: Invalid modifier found in '%s'.\n", src, val);
+                       break;
+               case SELECTOR_INVALID:
+                       fail(rsp, "");
+                       break;
        }
-       return false;
 }
 
-bool parse_index(char *s, int *i)
+void fail(FILE *rsp, char *fmt, ...)
 {
-       int idx;
-       if (sscanf(s, "^%i", &idx) != 1 || idx < 1)
-               return false;
-       *i = idx;
-       return true;
+       fprintf(rsp, FAILURE_MESSAGE);
+       va_list ap;
+       va_start(ap, fmt);
+       vfprintf(rsp, fmt, ap);
+       va_end(ap);
 }