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Rollup merge of #74021 - 1011X:master, r=dtolnay
[rust.git] / src / tools / clippy / clippy_lints / src / non_expressive_names.rs
1 use crate::utils::{span_lint, span_lint_and_then};
2 use rustc_ast::ast::{
3     Arm, AssocItem, AssocItemKind, Attribute, Block, FnDecl, Item, ItemKind, Local, MacCall, Pat, PatKind,
4 };
5 use rustc_ast::attr;
6 use rustc_ast::visit::{walk_block, walk_expr, walk_pat, Visitor};
7 use rustc_lint::{EarlyContext, EarlyLintPass};
8 use rustc_middle::lint::in_external_macro;
9 use rustc_session::{declare_tool_lint, impl_lint_pass};
10 use rustc_span::source_map::Span;
11 use rustc_span::symbol::{Ident, Symbol};
12 use std::cmp::Ordering;
13
14 declare_clippy_lint! {
15     /// **What it does:** Checks for names that are very similar and thus confusing.
16     ///
17     /// **Why is this bad?** It's hard to distinguish between names that differ only
18     /// by a single character.
19     ///
20     /// **Known problems:** None?
21     ///
22     /// **Example:**
23     /// ```ignore
24     /// let checked_exp = something;
25     /// let checked_expr = something_else;
26     /// ```
27     pub SIMILAR_NAMES,
28     pedantic,
29     "similarly named items and bindings"
30 }
31
32 declare_clippy_lint! {
33     /// **What it does:** Checks for too many variables whose name consists of a
34     /// single character.
35     ///
36     /// **Why is this bad?** It's hard to memorize what a variable means without a
37     /// descriptive name.
38     ///
39     /// **Known problems:** None?
40     ///
41     /// **Example:**
42     /// ```ignore
43     /// let (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) = (...);
44     /// ```
45     pub MANY_SINGLE_CHAR_NAMES,
46     style,
47     "too many single character bindings"
48 }
49
50 declare_clippy_lint! {
51     /// **What it does:** Checks if you have variables whose name consists of just
52     /// underscores and digits.
53     ///
54     /// **Why is this bad?** It's hard to memorize what a variable means without a
55     /// descriptive name.
56     ///
57     /// **Known problems:** None?
58     ///
59     /// **Example:**
60     /// ```rust
61     /// let _1 = 1;
62     /// let ___1 = 1;
63     /// let __1___2 = 11;
64     /// ```
65     pub JUST_UNDERSCORES_AND_DIGITS,
66     style,
67     "unclear name"
68 }
69
70 #[derive(Copy, Clone)]
71 pub struct NonExpressiveNames {
72     pub single_char_binding_names_threshold: u64,
73 }
74
75 impl_lint_pass!(NonExpressiveNames => [SIMILAR_NAMES, MANY_SINGLE_CHAR_NAMES, JUST_UNDERSCORES_AND_DIGITS]);
76
77 struct ExistingName {
78     interned: Symbol,
79     span: Span,
80     len: usize,
81     exemptions: &'static [&'static str],
82 }
83
84 struct SimilarNamesLocalVisitor<'a, 'tcx> {
85     names: Vec<ExistingName>,
86     cx: &'a EarlyContext<'tcx>,
87     lint: &'a NonExpressiveNames,
88
89     /// A stack of scopes containing the single-character bindings in each scope.
90     single_char_names: Vec<Vec<Ident>>,
91 }
92
93 impl<'a, 'tcx> SimilarNamesLocalVisitor<'a, 'tcx> {
94     fn check_single_char_names(&self) {
95         let num_single_char_names = self.single_char_names.iter().flatten().count();
96         let threshold = self.lint.single_char_binding_names_threshold;
97         if num_single_char_names as u64 > threshold {
98             let span = self
99                 .single_char_names
100                 .iter()
101                 .flatten()
102                 .map(|ident| ident.span)
103                 .collect::<Vec<_>>();
104             span_lint(
105                 self.cx,
106                 MANY_SINGLE_CHAR_NAMES,
107                 span,
108                 &format!(
109                     "{} bindings with single-character names in scope",
110                     num_single_char_names
111                 ),
112             );
113         }
114     }
115 }
116
117 // this list contains lists of names that are allowed to be similar
118 // the assumption is that no name is ever contained in multiple lists.
119 #[rustfmt::skip]
120 const ALLOWED_TO_BE_SIMILAR: &[&[&str]] = &[
121     &["parsed", "parser"],
122     &["lhs", "rhs"],
123     &["tx", "rx"],
124     &["set", "get"],
125     &["args", "arms"],
126     &["qpath", "path"],
127     &["lit", "lint"],
128 ];
129
130 struct SimilarNamesNameVisitor<'a, 'tcx, 'b>(&'b mut SimilarNamesLocalVisitor<'a, 'tcx>);
131
132 impl<'a, 'tcx, 'b> Visitor<'tcx> for SimilarNamesNameVisitor<'a, 'tcx, 'b> {
133     fn visit_pat(&mut self, pat: &'tcx Pat) {
134         match pat.kind {
135             PatKind::Ident(_, ident, _) => {
136                 if !pat.span.from_expansion() {
137                     self.check_ident(ident);
138                 }
139             },
140             PatKind::Struct(_, ref fields, _) => {
141                 for field in fields {
142                     if !field.is_shorthand {
143                         self.visit_pat(&field.pat);
144                     }
145                 }
146             },
147             // just go through the first pattern, as either all patterns
148             // bind the same bindings or rustc would have errored much earlier
149             PatKind::Or(ref pats) => self.visit_pat(&pats[0]),
150             _ => walk_pat(self, pat),
151         }
152     }
153     fn visit_mac(&mut self, _mac: &MacCall) {
154         // do not check macs
155     }
156 }
157
158 #[must_use]
159 fn get_exemptions(interned_name: &str) -> Option<&'static [&'static str]> {
160     for &list in ALLOWED_TO_BE_SIMILAR {
161         if allowed_to_be_similar(interned_name, list) {
162             return Some(list);
163         }
164     }
165     None
166 }
167
168 #[must_use]
169 fn allowed_to_be_similar(interned_name: &str, list: &[&str]) -> bool {
170     list.iter()
171         .any(|&name| interned_name.starts_with(name) || interned_name.ends_with(name))
172 }
173
174 impl<'a, 'tcx, 'b> SimilarNamesNameVisitor<'a, 'tcx, 'b> {
175     fn check_short_ident(&mut self, ident: Ident) {
176         // Ignore shadowing
177         if self
178             .0
179             .single_char_names
180             .iter()
181             .flatten()
182             .any(|id| id.name == ident.name)
183         {
184             return;
185         }
186
187         if let Some(scope) = &mut self.0.single_char_names.last_mut() {
188             scope.push(ident);
189         }
190     }
191
192     #[allow(clippy::too_many_lines)]
193     fn check_ident(&mut self, ident: Ident) {
194         let interned_name = ident.name.as_str();
195         if interned_name.chars().any(char::is_uppercase) {
196             return;
197         }
198         if interned_name.chars().all(|c| c.is_digit(10) || c == '_') {
199             span_lint(
200                 self.0.cx,
201                 JUST_UNDERSCORES_AND_DIGITS,
202                 ident.span,
203                 "consider choosing a more descriptive name",
204             );
205             return;
206         }
207         let count = interned_name.chars().count();
208         if count < 3 {
209             if count == 1 {
210                 self.check_short_ident(ident);
211             }
212             return;
213         }
214         for existing_name in &self.0.names {
215             if allowed_to_be_similar(&interned_name, existing_name.exemptions) {
216                 continue;
217             }
218             let mut split_at = None;
219             match existing_name.len.cmp(&count) {
220                 Ordering::Greater => {
221                     if existing_name.len - count != 1 || levenstein_not_1(&interned_name, &existing_name.interned.as_str()) {
222                         continue;
223                     }
224                 },
225                 Ordering::Less => {
226                     if count - existing_name.len != 1 || levenstein_not_1(&existing_name.interned.as_str(), &interned_name) {
227                         continue;
228                     }
229                 },
230                 Ordering::Equal => {
231                     let mut interned_chars = interned_name.chars();
232                     let interned_str = existing_name.interned.as_str();
233                     let mut existing_chars = interned_str.chars();
234                     let first_i = interned_chars.next().expect("we know we have at least one char");
235                     let first_e = existing_chars.next().expect("we know we have at least one char");
236                     let eq_or_numeric = |(a, b): (char, char)| a == b || a.is_numeric() && b.is_numeric();
237
238                     if eq_or_numeric((first_i, first_e)) {
239                         let last_i = interned_chars.next_back().expect("we know we have at least two chars");
240                         let last_e = existing_chars.next_back().expect("we know we have at least two chars");
241                         if eq_or_numeric((last_i, last_e)) {
242                             if interned_chars
243                                 .zip(existing_chars)
244                                 .filter(|&ie| !eq_or_numeric(ie))
245                                 .count()
246                                 != 1
247                             {
248                                 continue;
249                             }
250                         } else {
251                             let second_last_i = interned_chars
252                                 .next_back()
253                                 .expect("we know we have at least three chars");
254                             let second_last_e = existing_chars
255                                 .next_back()
256                                 .expect("we know we have at least three chars");
257                             if !eq_or_numeric((second_last_i, second_last_e))
258                                 || second_last_i == '_'
259                                 || !interned_chars.zip(existing_chars).all(eq_or_numeric)
260                             {
261                                 // allowed similarity foo_x, foo_y
262                                 // or too many chars differ (foo_x, boo_y) or (foox, booy)
263                                 continue;
264                             }
265                             split_at = interned_name.char_indices().rev().next().map(|(i, _)| i);
266                         }
267                     } else {
268                         let second_i = interned_chars.next().expect("we know we have at least two chars");
269                         let second_e = existing_chars.next().expect("we know we have at least two chars");
270                         if !eq_or_numeric((second_i, second_e))
271                             || second_i == '_'
272                             || !interned_chars.zip(existing_chars).all(eq_or_numeric)
273                         {
274                             // allowed similarity x_foo, y_foo
275                             // or too many chars differ (x_foo, y_boo) or (xfoo, yboo)
276                             continue;
277                         }
278                         split_at = interned_name.chars().next().map(char::len_utf8);
279                     }
280                 },
281             }
282             span_lint_and_then(
283                 self.0.cx,
284                 SIMILAR_NAMES,
285                 ident.span,
286                 "binding's name is too similar to existing binding",
287                 |diag| {
288                     diag.span_note(existing_name.span, "existing binding defined here");
289                     if let Some(split) = split_at {
290                         diag.span_help(
291                             ident.span,
292                             &format!(
293                                 "separate the discriminating character by an \
294                                  underscore like: `{}_{}`",
295                                 &interned_name[..split],
296                                 &interned_name[split..]
297                             ),
298                         );
299                     }
300                 },
301             );
302             return;
303         }
304         self.0.names.push(ExistingName {
305             exemptions: get_exemptions(&interned_name).unwrap_or(&[]),
306             interned: ident.name,
307             span: ident.span,
308             len: count,
309         });
310     }
311 }
312
313 impl<'a, 'b> SimilarNamesLocalVisitor<'a, 'b> {
314     /// ensure scoping rules work
315     fn apply<F: for<'c> Fn(&'c mut Self)>(&mut self, f: F) {
316         let n = self.names.len();
317         let single_char_count = self.single_char_names.len();
318         f(self);
319         self.names.truncate(n);
320         self.single_char_names.truncate(single_char_count);
321     }
322 }
323
324 impl<'a, 'tcx> Visitor<'tcx> for SimilarNamesLocalVisitor<'a, 'tcx> {
325     fn visit_local(&mut self, local: &'tcx Local) {
326         if let Some(ref init) = local.init {
327             self.apply(|this| walk_expr(this, &**init));
328         }
329         // add the pattern after the expression because the bindings aren't available
330         // yet in the init
331         // expression
332         SimilarNamesNameVisitor(self).visit_pat(&*local.pat);
333     }
334     fn visit_block(&mut self, blk: &'tcx Block) {
335         self.single_char_names.push(vec![]);
336
337         self.apply(|this| walk_block(this, blk));
338
339         self.check_single_char_names();
340         self.single_char_names.pop();
341     }
342     fn visit_arm(&mut self, arm: &'tcx Arm) {
343         self.single_char_names.push(vec![]);
344
345         self.apply(|this| {
346             SimilarNamesNameVisitor(this).visit_pat(&arm.pat);
347             this.apply(|this| walk_expr(this, &arm.body));
348         });
349
350         self.check_single_char_names();
351         self.single_char_names.pop();
352     }
353     fn visit_item(&mut self, _: &Item) {
354         // do not recurse into inner items
355     }
356     fn visit_mac(&mut self, _mac: &MacCall) {
357         // do not check macs
358     }
359 }
360
361 impl EarlyLintPass for NonExpressiveNames {
362     fn check_item(&mut self, cx: &EarlyContext<'_>, item: &Item) {
363         if in_external_macro(cx.sess, item.span) {
364             return;
365         }
366
367         if let ItemKind::Fn(_, ref sig, _, Some(ref blk)) = item.kind {
368             do_check(self, cx, &item.attrs, &sig.decl, blk);
369         }
370     }
371
372     fn check_impl_item(&mut self, cx: &EarlyContext<'_>, item: &AssocItem) {
373         if in_external_macro(cx.sess, item.span) {
374             return;
375         }
376
377         if let AssocItemKind::Fn(_, ref sig, _, Some(ref blk)) = item.kind {
378             do_check(self, cx, &item.attrs, &sig.decl, blk);
379         }
380     }
381 }
382
383 fn do_check(lint: &mut NonExpressiveNames, cx: &EarlyContext<'_>, attrs: &[Attribute], decl: &FnDecl, blk: &Block) {
384     if !attr::contains_name(attrs, sym!(test)) {
385         let mut visitor = SimilarNamesLocalVisitor {
386             names: Vec::new(),
387             cx,
388             lint,
389             single_char_names: vec![vec![]],
390         };
391
392         // initialize with function arguments
393         for arg in &decl.inputs {
394             SimilarNamesNameVisitor(&mut visitor).visit_pat(&arg.pat);
395         }
396         // walk all other bindings
397         walk_block(&mut visitor, blk);
398
399         visitor.check_single_char_names();
400     }
401 }
402
403 /// Precondition: `a_name.chars().count() < b_name.chars().count()`.
404 #[must_use]
405 fn levenstein_not_1(a_name: &str, b_name: &str) -> bool {
406     debug_assert!(a_name.chars().count() < b_name.chars().count());
407     let mut a_chars = a_name.chars();
408     let mut b_chars = b_name.chars();
409     while let (Some(a), Some(b)) = (a_chars.next(), b_chars.next()) {
410         if a == b {
411             continue;
412         }
413         if let Some(b2) = b_chars.next() {
414             // check if there's just one character inserted
415             return a != b2 || a_chars.ne(b_chars);
416         } else {
417             // tuple
418             // ntuple
419             return true;
420         }
421     }
422     // for item in items
423     true
424 }