1 // Copyright 2012-2014 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
2 // file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
3 // http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
5 // Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
6 // http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
7 // <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
8 // option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
9 // except according to those terms.
11 pub use self::ClosureKind::*;
14 use back::link::mangle_internal_name_by_path_and_seq;
16 use middle::mem_categorization::Typer;
20 use trans::cleanup::{CleanupMethods, ScopeId};
22 use trans::datum::{Datum, DatumBlock, Expr, Lvalue, rvalue_scratch_datum};
25 use trans::monomorphize::MonoId;
26 use trans::type_of::*;
27 use trans::type_::Type;
28 use middle::ty::{mod, Ty};
29 use middle::subst::{Subst, Substs};
30 use session::config::FullDebugInfo;
31 use util::ppaux::Repr;
32 use util::ppaux::ty_to_string;
34 use arena::TypedArena;
38 // ___Good to know (tm)__________________________________________________
40 // The layout of a closure environment in memory is
41 // roughly as follows:
43 // struct rust_opaque_box { // see rust_internal.h
44 // unsigned ref_count; // obsolete (part of @T's header)
45 // fn(void*) *drop_glue; // destructor (for proc)
46 // rust_opaque_box *prev; // obsolete (part of @T's header)
47 // rust_opaque_box *next; // obsolete (part of @T's header)
48 // struct closure_data {
55 // Note that the closure is itself a rust_opaque_box. This is true
56 // even for ~fn and ||, because we wish to keep binary compatibility
57 // between all kinds of closures. The allocation strategy for this
58 // closure depends on the closure type. For a sendfn, the closure
59 // (and the referenced type descriptors) will be allocated in the
60 // exchange heap. For a fn, the closure is allocated in the task heap
61 // and is reference counted. For a block, the closure is allocated on
64 // ## Opaque closures and the embedded type descriptor ##
66 // One interesting part of closures is that they encapsulate the data
67 // that they close over. So when I have a ptr to a closure, I do not
68 // know how many type descriptors it contains nor what upvars are
69 // captured within. That means I do not know precisely how big it is
70 // nor where its fields are located. This is called an "opaque
73 // Typically an opaque closure suffices because we only manipulate it
74 // by ptr. The routine Type::at_box().ptr_to() returns an appropriate
75 // type for such an opaque closure; it allows access to the box fields,
76 // but not the closure_data itself.
78 // But sometimes, such as when cloning or freeing a closure, we need
79 // to know the full information. That is where the type descriptor
80 // that defines the closure comes in handy. We can use its take and
81 // drop glue functions to allocate/free data as needed.
83 // ## Subtleties concerning alignment ##
85 // It is important that we be able to locate the closure data *without
86 // knowing the kind of data that is being bound*. This can be tricky
87 // because the alignment requirements of the bound data affects the
88 // alignment requires of the closure_data struct as a whole. However,
89 // right now this is a non-issue in any case, because the size of the
90 // rust_opaque_box header is always a multiple of 16-bytes, which is
91 // the maximum alignment requirement we ever have to worry about.
93 // The only reason alignment matters is that, in order to learn what data
94 // is bound, we would normally first load the type descriptors: but their
95 // location is ultimately depend on their content! There is, however, a
96 // workaround. We can load the tydesc from the rust_opaque_box, which
97 // describes the closure_data struct and has self-contained derived type
98 // descriptors, and read the alignment from there. It's just annoying to
99 // do. Hopefully should this ever become an issue we'll have monomorphized
100 // and type descriptors will all be a bad dream.
102 // ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
105 pub struct EnvValue<'tcx> {
106 action: ast::CaptureClause,
107 datum: Datum<'tcx, Lvalue>
110 impl<'tcx> EnvValue<'tcx> {
111 pub fn to_string<'a>(&self, ccx: &CrateContext<'a, 'tcx>) -> String {
112 format!("{}({})", self.action, self.datum.to_string(ccx))
116 // Given a closure ty, emits a corresponding tuple ty
117 pub fn mk_closure_tys<'tcx>(tcx: &ty::ctxt<'tcx>,
118 bound_values: &[EnvValue<'tcx>])
120 // determine the types of the values in the env. Note that this
121 // is the actual types that will be stored in the map, not the
122 // logical types as the user sees them, so by-ref upvars must be
123 // converted to ptrs.
124 let bound_tys = bound_values.iter().map(|bv| {
126 ast::CaptureByValue => bv.datum.ty,
127 ast::CaptureByRef => ty::mk_mut_ptr(tcx, bv.datum.ty)
130 let cdata_ty = ty::mk_tup(tcx, bound_tys);
131 debug!("cdata_ty={}", ty_to_string(tcx, cdata_ty));
135 fn tuplify_box_ty<'tcx>(tcx: &ty::ctxt<'tcx>, t: Ty<'tcx>) -> Ty<'tcx> {
136 let ptr = ty::mk_imm_ptr(tcx, tcx.types.i8);
137 ty::mk_tup(tcx, vec!(tcx.types.uint, ty::mk_nil_ptr(tcx), ptr, ptr, t))
140 fn allocate_cbox<'blk, 'tcx>(bcx: Block<'blk, 'tcx>,
141 store: ty::TraitStore,
143 -> Result<'blk, 'tcx> {
144 let _icx = push_ctxt("closure::allocate_cbox");
147 // Allocate and initialize the box:
148 let cbox_ty = tuplify_box_ty(tcx, cdata_ty);
150 ty::UniqTraitStore => {
151 malloc_raw_dyn_proc(bcx, cbox_ty)
153 ty::RegionTraitStore(..) => {
154 let llbox = alloc_ty(bcx, cbox_ty, "__closure");
155 Result::new(bcx, llbox)
160 pub struct ClosureResult<'blk, 'tcx: 'blk> {
161 llbox: ValueRef, // llvalue of ptr to closure
162 cdata_ty: Ty<'tcx>, // type of the closure data
163 bcx: Block<'blk, 'tcx> // final bcx
166 // Given a block context and a list of tydescs and values to bind
167 // construct a closure out of them. If copying is true, it is a
168 // heap allocated closure that copies the upvars into environment.
169 // Otherwise, it is stack allocated and copies pointers to the upvars.
170 pub fn store_environment<'blk, 'tcx>(bcx: Block<'blk, 'tcx>,
171 bound_values: Vec<EnvValue<'tcx>> ,
172 store: ty::TraitStore)
173 -> ClosureResult<'blk, 'tcx> {
174 let _icx = push_ctxt("closure::store_environment");
178 // compute the type of the closure
179 let cdata_ty = mk_closure_tys(tcx, bound_values[]);
181 // cbox_ty has the form of a tuple: (a, b, c) we want a ptr to a
182 // tuple. This could be a ptr in uniq or a box or on stack,
184 let cbox_ty = tuplify_box_ty(tcx, cdata_ty);
185 let cboxptr_ty = ty::mk_ptr(tcx, ty::mt {ty:cbox_ty, mutbl:ast::MutImmutable});
186 let llboxptr_ty = type_of(ccx, cboxptr_ty);
188 // If there are no bound values, no point in allocating anything.
189 if bound_values.is_empty() {
190 return ClosureResult {llbox: C_null(llboxptr_ty),
195 // allocate closure in the heap
196 let Result {bcx, val: llbox} = allocate_cbox(bcx, store, cdata_ty);
198 let llbox = PointerCast(bcx, llbox, llboxptr_ty);
199 debug!("tuplify_box_ty = {}", ty_to_string(tcx, cbox_ty));
201 // Copy expr values into boxed bindings.
203 for (i, bv) in bound_values.into_iter().enumerate() {
204 debug!("Copy {} into closure", bv.to_string(ccx));
206 if ccx.sess().asm_comments() {
207 add_comment(bcx, format!("Copy {} into closure",
208 bv.to_string(ccx))[]);
211 let bound_data = GEPi(bcx, llbox, &[0u, abi::BOX_FIELD_BODY, i]);
214 ast::CaptureByValue => {
215 bcx = bv.datum.store_to(bcx, bound_data);
217 ast::CaptureByRef => {
218 Store(bcx, bv.datum.to_llref(), bound_data);
223 ClosureResult { llbox: llbox, cdata_ty: cdata_ty, bcx: bcx }
226 // Given a context and a list of upvars, build a closure. This just
227 // collects the upvars and packages them up for store_environment.
228 fn build_closure<'blk, 'tcx>(bcx0: Block<'blk, 'tcx>,
229 freevar_mode: ast::CaptureClause,
230 freevars: &Vec<ty::Freevar>,
231 store: ty::TraitStore)
232 -> ClosureResult<'blk, 'tcx> {
233 let _icx = push_ctxt("closure::build_closure");
235 // If we need to, package up the iterator body to call
238 // Package up the captured upvars
239 let mut env_vals = Vec::new();
240 for freevar in freevars.iter() {
241 let datum = expr::trans_local_var(bcx, freevar.def);
242 env_vals.push(EnvValue {action: freevar_mode, datum: datum});
245 store_environment(bcx, env_vals, store)
248 // Given an enclosing block context, a new function context, a closure type,
249 // and a list of upvars, generate code to load and populate the environment
250 // with the upvars and type descriptors.
251 fn load_environment<'blk, 'tcx>(bcx: Block<'blk, 'tcx>,
253 freevars: &[ty::Freevar],
254 store: ty::TraitStore)
255 -> Block<'blk, 'tcx> {
256 let _icx = push_ctxt("closure::load_environment");
258 // Load a pointer to the closure data, skipping over the box header:
259 let llcdata = at_box_body(bcx, cdata_ty, bcx.fcx.llenv.unwrap());
261 // Store the pointer to closure data in an alloca for debug info because that's what the
262 // llvm.dbg.declare intrinsic expects
263 let env_pointer_alloca = if bcx.sess().opts.debuginfo == FullDebugInfo {
264 let alloc = alloc_ty(bcx, ty::mk_mut_ptr(bcx.tcx(), cdata_ty), "__debuginfo_env_ptr");
265 Store(bcx, llcdata, alloc);
271 // Populate the upvars from the environment
273 for freevar in freevars.iter() {
274 let mut upvarptr = GEPi(bcx, llcdata, &[0u, i]);
275 let captured_by_ref = match store {
276 ty::RegionTraitStore(..) => {
277 upvarptr = Load(bcx, upvarptr);
280 ty::UniqTraitStore => false
282 let def_id = freevar.def.def_id();
284 bcx.fcx.llupvars.borrow_mut().insert(def_id.node, upvarptr);
285 if let Some(env_pointer_alloca) = env_pointer_alloca {
286 debuginfo::create_captured_var_metadata(
301 fn load_unboxed_closure_environment<'blk, 'tcx>(
302 bcx: Block<'blk, 'tcx>,
303 arg_scope_id: ScopeId,
304 freevar_mode: ast::CaptureClause,
305 freevars: &[ty::Freevar])
306 -> Block<'blk, 'tcx> {
307 let _icx = push_ctxt("closure::load_environment");
309 // Special case for small by-value selfs.
310 let closure_id = ast_util::local_def(bcx.fcx.id);
311 let self_type = self_type_for_unboxed_closure(bcx.ccx(), closure_id,
312 node_id_type(bcx, closure_id.node));
313 let kind = kind_for_unboxed_closure(bcx.ccx(), closure_id);
314 let llenv = if kind == ty::FnOnceUnboxedClosureKind &&
315 !arg_is_indirect(bcx.ccx(), self_type) {
316 let datum = rvalue_scratch_datum(bcx,
318 "unboxed_closure_env");
319 store_ty(bcx, bcx.fcx.llenv.unwrap(), datum.val, self_type);
322 bcx.fcx.llenv.unwrap()
325 // Store the pointer to closure data in an alloca for debug info because that's what the
326 // llvm.dbg.declare intrinsic expects
327 let env_pointer_alloca = if bcx.sess().opts.debuginfo == FullDebugInfo {
328 let alloc = alloca(bcx, val_ty(llenv), "__debuginfo_env_ptr");
329 Store(bcx, llenv, alloc);
335 for (i, freevar) in freevars.iter().enumerate() {
336 let mut upvar_ptr = GEPi(bcx, llenv, &[0, i]);
337 let captured_by_ref = match freevar_mode {
338 ast::CaptureByRef => {
339 upvar_ptr = Load(bcx, upvar_ptr);
342 ast::CaptureByValue => false
344 let def_id = freevar.def.def_id();
345 bcx.fcx.llupvars.borrow_mut().insert(def_id.node, upvar_ptr);
347 if kind == ty::FnOnceUnboxedClosureKind && freevar_mode == ast::CaptureByValue {
348 bcx.fcx.schedule_drop_mem(arg_scope_id,
350 node_id_type(bcx, def_id.node))
353 if let Some(env_pointer_alloca) = env_pointer_alloca {
354 debuginfo::create_captured_var_metadata(
367 fn fill_fn_pair(bcx: Block, pair: ValueRef, llfn: ValueRef, llenvptr: ValueRef) {
368 Store(bcx, llfn, GEPi(bcx, pair, &[0u, abi::FAT_PTR_ADDR]));
369 let llenvptr = PointerCast(bcx, llenvptr, Type::i8p(bcx.ccx()));
370 Store(bcx, llenvptr, GEPi(bcx, pair, &[0u, abi::FAT_PTR_EXTRA]));
373 #[deriving(PartialEq)]
374 pub enum ClosureKind<'tcx> {
376 // See load_environment.
377 BoxedClosure(Ty<'tcx>, ty::TraitStore),
378 // See load_unboxed_closure_environment.
379 UnboxedClosure(ast::CaptureClause)
382 pub struct ClosureEnv<'a, 'tcx> {
383 freevars: &'a [ty::Freevar],
384 pub kind: ClosureKind<'tcx>
387 impl<'a, 'tcx> ClosureEnv<'a, 'tcx> {
388 pub fn new(freevars: &'a [ty::Freevar], kind: ClosureKind<'tcx>)
389 -> ClosureEnv<'a, 'tcx> {
396 pub fn load<'blk>(self, bcx: Block<'blk, 'tcx>, arg_scope: ScopeId)
397 -> Block<'blk, 'tcx> {
398 // Don't bother to create the block if there's nothing to load
399 if self.freevars.is_empty() {
405 BoxedClosure(cdata_ty, store) => {
406 load_environment(bcx, cdata_ty, self.freevars, store)
408 UnboxedClosure(freevar_mode) => {
409 load_unboxed_closure_environment(bcx, arg_scope, freevar_mode, self.freevars)
415 /// Translates the body of a closure expression.
420 /// - `id`: The id of the closure expression.
421 /// - `cap_clause`: information about captured variables, if any.
422 /// - `dest`: where to write the closure value, which must be a
423 /// (fn ptr, env) pair
424 pub fn trans_expr_fn<'blk, 'tcx>(bcx: Block<'blk, 'tcx>,
425 store: ty::TraitStore,
430 -> Block<'blk, 'tcx> {
431 let _icx = push_ctxt("closure::trans_expr_fn");
433 let dest_addr = match dest {
434 expr::SaveIn(p) => p,
436 return bcx; // closure construction is non-side-effecting
442 let fty = node_id_type(bcx, id);
443 let s = tcx.map.with_path(id, |path| {
444 mangle_internal_name_by_path_and_seq(path, "closure")
446 let llfn = decl_internal_rust_fn(ccx, fty, s[]);
448 // set an inline hint for all closures
449 set_inline_hint(llfn);
451 let freevar_mode = tcx.capture_mode(id);
452 let freevars: Vec<ty::Freevar> =
453 ty::with_freevars(tcx, id, |fv| fv.iter().map(|&fv| fv).collect());
459 } = build_closure(bcx, freevar_mode, &freevars, store);
465 bcx.fcx.param_substs,
470 ClosureEnv::new(freevars[],
471 BoxedClosure(cdata_ty, store)));
472 fill_fn_pair(bcx, dest_addr, llfn, llbox);
476 /// Returns the LLVM function declaration for an unboxed closure, creating it
477 /// if necessary. If the ID does not correspond to a closure ID, returns None.
478 pub fn get_or_create_declaration_if_unboxed_closure<'blk, 'tcx>(bcx: Block<'blk, 'tcx>,
479 closure_id: ast::DefId,
480 substs: &Substs<'tcx>)
481 -> Option<ValueRef> {
483 if !ccx.tcx().unboxed_closures.borrow().contains_key(&closure_id) {
484 // Not an unboxed closure.
488 let function_type = ty::node_id_to_type(bcx.tcx(), closure_id.node);
489 let function_type = function_type.subst(bcx.tcx(), substs);
491 // Normalize type so differences in regions and typedefs don't cause
492 // duplicate declarations
493 let function_type = ty::normalize_ty(bcx.tcx(), function_type);
494 let params = match function_type.sty {
495 ty::ty_unboxed_closure(_, _, ref substs) => substs.types.clone(),
498 let mono_id = MonoId {
503 match ccx.unboxed_closure_vals().borrow().get(&mono_id) {
505 debug!("get_or_create_declaration_if_unboxed_closure(): found \
512 let symbol = ccx.tcx().map.with_path(closure_id.node, |path| {
513 mangle_internal_name_by_path_and_seq(path, "unboxed_closure")
516 let llfn = decl_internal_rust_fn(ccx, function_type, symbol[]);
518 // set an inline hint for all closures
519 set_inline_hint(llfn);
521 debug!("get_or_create_declaration_if_unboxed_closure(): inserting new \
522 closure {} (type {})",
524 ccx.tn().type_to_string(val_ty(llfn)));
525 ccx.unboxed_closure_vals().borrow_mut().insert(mono_id, llfn);
530 pub fn trans_unboxed_closure<'blk, 'tcx>(
531 mut bcx: Block<'blk, 'tcx>,
536 -> Block<'blk, 'tcx> {
537 let _icx = push_ctxt("closure::trans_unboxed_closure");
539 debug!("trans_unboxed_closure()");
541 let closure_id = ast_util::local_def(id);
542 let llfn = get_or_create_declaration_if_unboxed_closure(
545 bcx.fcx.param_substs).unwrap();
547 let function_type = (*bcx.tcx().unboxed_closures.borrow())[closure_id]
550 let function_type = ty::mk_closure(bcx.tcx(), function_type);
552 let freevars: Vec<ty::Freevar> =
553 ty::with_freevars(bcx.tcx(), id, |fv| fv.iter().map(|&fv| fv).collect());
554 let freevar_mode = bcx.tcx().capture_mode(id);
556 trans_closure(bcx.ccx(),
560 bcx.fcx.param_substs,
563 ty::ty_fn_ret(function_type),
564 ty::ty_fn_abi(function_type),
565 ClosureEnv::new(freevars[],
566 UnboxedClosure(freevar_mode)));
568 // Don't hoist this to the top of the function. It's perfectly legitimate
569 // to have a zero-size unboxed closure (in which case dest will be
570 // `Ignore`) and we must still generate the closure body.
571 let dest_addr = match dest {
572 expr::SaveIn(p) => p,
574 debug!("trans_unboxed_closure() ignoring result");
579 let repr = adt::represent_type(bcx.ccx(), node_id_type(bcx, id));
581 // Create the closure.
582 for (i, freevar) in freevars.iter().enumerate() {
583 let datum = expr::trans_local_var(bcx, freevar.def);
584 let upvar_slot_dest = adt::trans_field_ptr(bcx,
590 ast::CaptureByValue => {
591 bcx = datum.store_to(bcx, upvar_slot_dest);
593 ast::CaptureByRef => {
594 Store(bcx, datum.to_llref(), upvar_slot_dest);
598 adt::trans_set_discr(bcx, &*repr, dest_addr, 0);
603 pub fn get_wrapper_for_bare_fn<'a, 'tcx>(ccx: &CrateContext<'a, 'tcx>,
604 closure_ty: Ty<'tcx>,
607 is_local: bool) -> ValueRef {
609 match ccx.closure_bare_wrapper_cache().borrow().get(&fn_ptr) {
610 Some(&llval) => return llval,
616 debug!("get_wrapper_for_bare_fn(closure_ty={})", closure_ty.repr(tcx));
618 let f = match closure_ty.sty {
619 ty::ty_closure(ref f) => f,
621 ccx.sess().bug(format!("get_wrapper_for_bare_fn: \
622 expected a closure ty, got {}",
623 closure_ty.repr(tcx))[]);
627 let name = ty::with_path(tcx, def_id, |path| {
628 mangle_internal_name_by_path_and_seq(path, "as_closure")
630 let llfn = if is_local {
631 decl_internal_rust_fn(ccx, closure_ty, name[])
633 decl_rust_fn(ccx, closure_ty, name[])
636 ccx.closure_bare_wrapper_cache().borrow_mut().insert(fn_ptr, llfn);
638 // This is only used by statics inlined from a different crate.
640 // Don't regenerate the wrapper, just reuse the original one.
644 let _icx = push_ctxt("closure::get_wrapper_for_bare_fn");
646 let arena = TypedArena::new();
647 let empty_param_substs = Substs::trans_empty();
648 let fcx = new_fn_ctxt(ccx, llfn, ast::DUMMY_NODE_ID, true, f.sig.0.output,
649 &empty_param_substs, None, &arena);
650 let bcx = init_function(&fcx, true, f.sig.0.output);
652 let args = create_datums_for_fn_args(&fcx,
653 ty::ty_fn_args(closure_ty)
655 let mut llargs = Vec::new();
656 match fcx.llretslotptr.get() {
658 assert!(!fcx.needs_ret_allocas);
659 llargs.push(llretptr);
663 llargs.extend(args.iter().map(|arg| arg.val));
665 let retval = Call(bcx, fn_ptr, llargs.as_slice(), None);
666 match f.sig.0.output {
667 ty::FnConverging(output_type) => {
668 if return_type_is_void(ccx, output_type) || fcx.llretslotptr.get().is_some() {
679 // HACK(eddyb) finish_fn cannot be used here, we returned directly.
680 debuginfo::clear_source_location(&fcx);
686 pub fn make_closure_from_bare_fn<'blk, 'tcx>(bcx: Block<'blk, 'tcx>,
687 closure_ty: Ty<'tcx>,
690 -> DatumBlock<'blk, 'tcx, Expr> {
691 let scratch = rvalue_scratch_datum(bcx, closure_ty, "__adjust");
692 let wrapper = get_wrapper_for_bare_fn(bcx.ccx(), closure_ty, def_id, fn_ptr, true);
693 fill_fn_pair(bcx, scratch.val, wrapper, C_null(Type::i8p(bcx.ccx())));
695 DatumBlock::new(bcx, scratch.to_expr_datum())