1 =============================
2 Minetest World Format 22...29
3 =============================
5 This applies to a world format carrying the block serialization version
6 22...27, used at least in
7 - 0.4.dev-20120322 ... 0.4.dev-20120606 (22...23)
9 - 24 was never released as stable and existed for ~2 days
10 - 27 was added in 0.4.15-dev
11 - 29 was added in 5.5.0-dev
13 The block serialization version does not fully specify every aspect of this
14 format; if compliance with this format is to be checked, it needs to be
15 done by detecting if the files and data indeed follows it.
19 Everything is contained in a directory, the name of which is freeform, but
20 often serves as the name of the world.
22 Currently the authentication and ban data is stored on a per-world basis.
23 It can be copied over from an old world to a newly created world.
26 |-- auth.txt ----- Authentication data
27 |-- auth.sqlite -- Authentication data (SQLite alternative)
28 |-- env_meta.txt - Environment metadata
29 |-- ipban.txt ---- Banned ips/users
30 |-- map_meta.txt - Map metadata
31 |-- map.sqlite --- Map data
32 |-- players ------ Player directory
33 | |-- player1 -- Player file
34 | '-- Foo ------ Player file
35 `-- world.mt ----- World metadata
39 Contains authentication data, player per line.
40 <name>:<password hash>:<privilege1,...>
42 Legacy format (until 0.4.12) of password hash is <name><password> SHA1'd,
43 in the base64 encoding.
45 Format (since 0.4.13) of password hash is #1#<salt>#<verifier>, with the
46 parts inside <> encoded in the base64 encoding.
47 <verifier> is an RFC 2945 compatible SRP verifier,
48 of the given salt, password, and the player's name lowercased,
49 using the 2048-bit group specified in RFC 5054 and the SHA-256 hash function.
52 - Player "celeron55", no password, privileges "interact" and "shout":
53 celeron55::interact,shout
54 - Player "Foo", password "bar", privilege "shout", with a legacy password hash:
55 foo:iEPX+SQWIR3p67lj/0zigSWTKHg:shout
56 - Player "Foo", password "bar", privilege "shout", with a 0.4.13 pw hash:
57 foo:#1#hPpy4O3IAn1hsNK00A6wNw#Kpu6rj7McsrPCt4euTb5RA5ltF7wdcWGoYMcRngwDi11cZhPuuR9i5Bo7o6A877TgcEwoc//HNrj9EjR/CGjdyTFmNhiermZOADvd8eu32FYK1kf7RMC0rXWxCenYuOQCG4WF9mMGiyTPxC63VAjAMuc1nCZzmy6D9zt0SIKxOmteI75pAEAIee2hx4OkSXRIiU4Zrxo1Xf7QFxkMY4x77vgaPcvfmuzom0y/fU1EdSnZeopGPvzMpFx80ODFx1P34R52nmVl0W8h4GNo0k8ZiWtRCdrJxs8xIg7z5P1h3Th/BJ0lwexpdK8sQZWng8xaO5ElthNuhO8UQx1l6FgEA:shout
58 - Player "bar", no password, no privileges:
63 Contains authentification data as an SQLite database. This replaces auth.txt
64 above when auth_backend is set to "sqlite3" in world.mt .
66 This database contains two tables "auth" and "user_privileges":
69 `id` INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
70 `name` VARCHAR(32) UNIQUE,
71 `password` VARCHAR(512),
74 CREATE TABLE `user_privileges` (
76 `privilege` VARCHAR(32),
77 PRIMARY KEY (id, privilege)
78 CONSTRAINT fk_id FOREIGN KEY (id) REFERENCES auth (id) ON DELETE CASCADE
81 The "name" and "password" fields of the auth table are the same as the auth.txt
82 fields (with modern password hash). The "last_login" field is the last login
83 time as a unix time stamp.
85 The "user_privileges" table contains one entry per privilege and player.
86 A player with "interact" and "shout" privileges will have two entries, one
87 with privilege="interact" and the second with privilege="shout".
91 Simple global environment variables.
92 Example content (added indentation):
99 Banned IP addresses and usernames.
100 Example content (added indentation):
106 Simple global map variables.
107 Example content (added indentation):
108 seed = 7980462765762429666
114 See Map File Format below.
119 Filename can be anything.
120 See Player File Format below.
125 Example content (added indentation and - explanations):
126 gameid = mesetint - name of the game
127 enable_damage = true - whether damage is enabled or not
128 creative_mode = false - whether creative mode is enabled or not
129 backend = sqlite3 - which DB backend to use for blocks (sqlite3, dummy, leveldb, redis, postgresql)
130 player_backend = sqlite3 - which DB backend to use for player data
131 readonly_backend = sqlite3 - optionally readonly seed DB (DB file _must_ be located in "readonly" subfolder)
132 auth_backend = files - which DB backend to use for authentication data
133 server_announce = false - whether the server is publicly announced or not
134 load_mod_<mod> = false - whether <mod> is to be loaded in this world
136 For load_mod_<mod>, the possible values are:
138 * `false` - Do not load the mod.
139 * `true` - Load the mod from wherever it is found (may cause conflicts if the same mod appears also in some other place).
140 * `mods/modpack/moddir` - Relative path to the mod
141 * Must be one of the following:
142 * `mods/`: mods in the user path's mods folder (ex `/home/user/.minetest/mods`)
143 * `share/`: mods in the share's mods folder (ex: `/usr/share/minetest/mods`)
144 * `/path/to/env`: you can use absolute paths to mods inside folders specified with the `MINETEST_MOD_PATH` env variable.
145 * Other locations and absolute paths are not supported
146 * Note that `moddir` is the directory name, not the mod name specified in mod.conf.
148 PostgreSQL backend specific settings:
149 pgsql_connection = host=127.0.0.1 port=5432 user=mt_user password=mt_password dbname=minetest
150 pgsql_player_connection = (same parameters as above)
151 pgsql_readonly_connection = (same parameters as above)
152 pgsql_auth_connection = (same parameters as above)
154 Redis backend specific settings:
155 redis_address = 127.0.0.1 - Redis server address
156 redis_hash = foo - Database hash
157 redis_port = 6379 - (optional) connection port
158 redis_password = hunter2 - (optional) server password
164 - Should be pretty self-explanatory.
165 - Note: position is in nodes * 10
167 Example content (added indentation):
171 position = (-5231.97,15,1961.41)
176 Item default:torch 13
177 Item default:pick_steel 1 50112
178 Item experimental:tnt
179 Item default:cobble 99
180 Item default:pick_stone 1 13104
181 Item default:shovel_steel 1 51838
184 Item default:coal_lump 3
185 Item default:cobble 99
186 Item default:leaves 22
187 Item default:gravel 52
188 Item default:axe_steel 1 2045
189 Item default:cobble 98
191 Item default:water_source 94
193 Item default:mossycobble
194 Item default:pick_steel 1 64428
195 Item animalmaterials:bone
196 Item default:sword_steel
198 Item default:sword_stone 1 10647
231 Minetest maps consist of MapBlocks, chunks of 16x16x16 nodes.
233 In addition to the bulk node data, MapBlocks stored on disk also contain
238 We need a bit of history in here. Initially Minetest stored maps in a
239 format called the "sectors" format. It was a directory/file structure like
241 sectors2/XXX/ZZZ/YYYY
242 For example, the MapBlock at (0,1,-2) was this file:
243 sectors2/000/ffd/0001
245 Eventually Minetest outgrow this directory structure, as filesystems were
246 struggling under the amount of files and directories.
248 Large servers seriously needed a new format, and thus the base of the
249 current format was invented, suggested by celeron55 and implemented by
252 SQLite3 was slammed in, and blocks files were directly inserted as blobs
253 in a single table, indexed by integer primary keys, oddly mangled from
256 Today we know that SQLite3 allows multiple primary keys (which would allow
257 storing coordinates separately), but the format has been kept unchanged for
258 that part. So, this is where it has come.
263 map.sqlite is an sqlite3 database, containing a single table, called
264 "blocks". It looks like this:
266 CREATE TABLE `blocks` (`pos` INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,`data` BLOB);
270 "pos" is created from the three coordinates of a MapBlock using this
271 algorithm, defined here in Python:
273 def getBlockAsInteger(p):
274 return int64(p[2]*16777216 + p[1]*4096 + p[0])
283 It can be converted the other way by using this code:
285 def getIntegerAsBlock(i):
286 x = unsignedToSigned(i % 4096, 2048)
287 i = int((i - x) / 4096)
288 y = unsignedToSigned(i % 4096, 2048)
289 i = int((i - y) / 4096)
290 z = unsignedToSigned(i % 4096, 2048)
293 def unsignedToSigned(i, max_positive):
297 return i - 2*max_positive
301 The blob is the data that would have otherwise gone into the file.
303 See below for description.
305 MapBlock serialization format
306 ==============================
307 NOTE: Byte order is MSB first (big-endian).
308 NOTE: Zlib data is in such a format that Python's zlib at least can
310 NOTE: Since version 29 zstd is used instead of zlib. In addition the entire
311 block is first serialized and then compressed (except the version byte).
314 - map format version number, see serialization.h for the latest number
318 - 0x01: is_underground: Should be set to 0 if there will be no light
319 obstructions above the block. If/when sunlight of a block is updated
320 and there is no block above it, this value is checked for determining
321 whether sunlight comes from the top.
322 - 0x02: day_night_differs: Whether the lighting of the block is different
323 on day and night. Only blocks that have this bit set are updated when
324 day transforms to night.
325 - 0x04: lighting_expired: Not used in version 27 and above. If true,
326 lighting is invalid and should be updated. If you can't calculate
327 lighting in your generator properly, you could try setting this 1 to
328 everything and setting the uppermost block in every sector as
329 is_underground=0. I am quite sure it doesn't work properly, though.
330 - 0x08: generated: True if the block has been generated. If false, block
331 is mostly filled with CONTENT_IGNORE and is likely to contain eg. parts
332 of trees of neighboring blocks.
334 u16 lighting_complete
335 - Added in version 27.
336 - This contains 12 flags, each of them corresponds to a direction.
337 - Indicates if the light is correct at the sides of a map block.
338 Lighting may not be correct if the light changed, but a neighbor
339 block was not loaded at that time.
340 If these flags are false, Minetest will automatically recompute light
341 when both this block and its required neighbor are loaded.
343 nothing, nothing, nothing, nothing,
344 night X-, night Y-, night Z-, night Z+, night Y+, night X+,
345 day X-, day Y-, day Z-, day Z+, day Y+, day X+.
346 Where 'day' is for the day light bank, 'night' is for the night
348 The 'nothing' bits should be always set, as they will be used
349 to indicate if direct sunlight spreading is finished.
350 - Example: if the block at (0, 0, 0) has
351 lighting_complete = 0b1111111111111110,
352 then Minetest will correct lighting in the day light bank when
353 the block at (1, 0, 0) is also loaded.
355 if map format version >= 29:
357 - Timestamp when last saved, as seconds from starting the game.
358 - 0xffffffff = invalid/unknown timestamp, nothing should be done with the time
359 difference when loaded
361 u8 name_id_mapping_version
362 - Should be zero for map format version 29.
364 u16 num_name_id_mappings
365 foreach num_name_id_mappings
369 if map format version < 29:
370 -- Nothing right here, timestamp and node id mappings are serialized later
373 - Number of bytes in the content (param0) fields of nodes
374 if map format version <= 23:
376 if map format version >= 24:
380 - Number of bytes used for parameters per node
383 node data (zlib-compressed if version < 29):
384 if content_width == 1:
386 u8[4096]: param0 fields
387 u8[4096]: param1 fields
388 u8[4096]: param2 fields
389 if content_width == 2:
391 u16[4096]: param0 fields
392 u8[4096]: param1 fields
393 u8[4096]: param2 fields
394 - The location of a node in each of those arrays is (z*16*16 + y*16 + x).
396 node metadata list (zlib-compressed if version < 29):
398 if map format version <= 22:
400 u16 count of metadata
402 u16 position (p.Z*MAP_BLOCKSIZE*MAP_BLOCKSIZE + p.Y*MAP_BLOCKSIZE + p.X)
405 u8[content_size] content of metadata. Format depends on type_id, see below.
406 if map format version >= 23:
407 u8 version -- Note: type was u16 for map format version <= 22
408 -- = 1 for map format version < 28
409 -- = 2 since map format version 28
410 u16 count of metadata
412 u16 position (p.Z*MAP_BLOCKSIZE*MAP_BLOCKSIZE + p.Y*MAP_BLOCKSIZE + p.X)
419 u8 is_private -- only for version >= 2. 0 = not private, 1 = private
423 if map format version == 23:
424 u8 unused version (always 0)
425 if map format version == 24: (NOTE: Not released as stable)
427 if nodetimer_version == 0:
429 if nodetimer_version == 1:
431 foreach num_of_timers:
432 u16 timer position (z*16*16 + y*16 + x)
435 if map format version >= 25:
436 -- Nothing right here, node timers are serialized later
438 u8 static object version:
441 u16 static_object_count
443 foreach static_object_count:
444 u8 type (object type-id)
445 s32 pos_x_nodes * 10000
446 s32 pos_y_nodes * 10000
447 s32 pos_z_nodes * 10000
451 if map format version < 29:
453 - Same meaning as the timestamp further up
455 u8 name-id-mapping version
458 u16 num_name_id_mappings
459 foreach num_name_id_mappings
465 if map format version >= 25:
466 u8 length of the data of a single timer (always 2+4+4=10)
468 foreach num_of_timers:
469 u16 timer position (z*16*16 + y*16 + x)
477 A node is composed of the u8 fields param0, param1 and param2.
479 if map format version <= 23:
480 The content id of a node is determined as so:
484 content_id = (param0<<4) + (param2>>4)
485 if map format version >= 24:
486 The content id of a node is param0.
488 The purpose of param1 and param2 depend on the definition of the node.
492 The mapping maps node content ids to node names.
494 Node metadata format for map format versions <= 22
495 ---------------------------------------------------
496 The node metadata are serialized depending on the type_id field.
507 u8[len] inventory drawspec
508 u8 allow_text_input (bool)
509 u8 removal_disabled (bool)
510 u8 enforce_owner (bool)
528 17: Locked Chest metadata
535 Static objects are persistent freely moving objects in the world.
542 u8 compatibility_byte (always 1)
548 s32 velocity.x * 10000
549 s32 velocity.y * 10000
550 s32 velocity.z * 10000
552 if PROTOCOL_VERSION >= 37:
560 eg. 'default:pick_wood 21323'
561 eg. '"default:apple" 2'
563 - The wear value in tools is 0...65535
564 - There are also a number of older formats that you might stumble upon:
565 eg. 'node "default:dirt" 5'
566 eg. 'NodeItem default:dirt 5'
567 eg. 'ToolItem WPick 21323'
569 Inventory serialization format
570 -------------------------------
571 - The inventory serialization format is line-based
572 - The newline character used is "\n"
573 - The end condition of a serialized inventory is always "EndInventory\n"
574 - All the slots in a list must always be serialized.
576 Example (format does not include "---"):
580 Item default:sword_stone 1 10647