1 =============================
2 Minetest World Format 22...29
3 =============================
5 This applies to a world format carrying the block serialization version
6 22...27, used at least in
7 - 0.4.dev-20120322 ... 0.4.dev-20120606 (22...23)
9 - 24 was never released as stable and existed for ~2 days
10 - 27 was added in 0.4.15-dev
11 - 29 was added in 5.5.0-dev
13 The block serialization version does not fully specify every aspect of this
14 format; if compliance with this format is to be checked, it needs to be
15 done by detecting if the files and data indeed follows it.
19 Everything is contained in a directory, the name of which is freeform, but
20 often serves as the name of the world.
22 Currently the authentication and ban data is stored on a per-world basis.
23 It can be copied over from an old world to a newly created world.
26 |-- auth.txt ----- Authentication data
27 |-- auth.sqlite -- Authentication data (SQLite alternative)
28 |-- env_meta.txt - Environment metadata
29 |-- ipban.txt ---- Banned ips/users
30 |-- map_meta.txt - Map metadata
31 |-- map.sqlite --- Map data
32 |-- players ------ Player directory
33 | |-- player1 -- Player file
34 | '-- Foo ------ Player file
35 `-- world.mt ----- World metadata
39 Contains authentication data, player per line.
40 <name>:<password hash>:<privilege1,...>
42 Legacy format (until 0.4.12) of password hash is <name><password> SHA1'd,
43 in the base64 encoding.
45 Format (since 0.4.13) of password hash is #1#<salt>#<verifier>, with the
46 parts inside <> encoded in the base64 encoding.
47 <verifier> is an RFC 2945 compatible SRP verifier,
48 of the given salt, password, and the player's name lowercased,
49 using the 2048-bit group specified in RFC 5054 and the SHA-256 hash function.
52 - Player "celeron55", no password, privileges "interact" and "shout":
53 celeron55::interact,shout
54 - Player "Foo", password "bar", privilege "shout", with a legacy password hash:
55 foo:iEPX+SQWIR3p67lj/0zigSWTKHg:shout
56 - Player "Foo", password "bar", privilege "shout", with a 0.4.13 pw hash:
57 foo:#1#hPpy4O3IAn1hsNK00A6wNw#Kpu6rj7McsrPCt4euTb5RA5ltF7wdcWGoYMcRngwDi11cZhPuuR9i5Bo7o6A877TgcEwoc//HNrj9EjR/CGjdyTFmNhiermZOADvd8eu32FYK1kf7RMC0rXWxCenYuOQCG4WF9mMGiyTPxC63VAjAMuc1nCZzmy6D9zt0SIKxOmteI75pAEAIee2hx4OkSXRIiU4Zrxo1Xf7QFxkMY4x77vgaPcvfmuzom0y/fU1EdSnZeopGPvzMpFx80ODFx1P34R52nmVl0W8h4GNo0k8ZiWtRCdrJxs8xIg7z5P1h3Th/BJ0lwexpdK8sQZWng8xaO5ElthNuhO8UQx1l6FgEA:shout
58 - Player "bar", no password, no privileges:
63 Contains authentification data as an SQLite database. This replaces auth.txt
64 above when auth_backend is set to "sqlite3" in world.mt .
66 This database contains two tables "auth" and "user_privileges":
69 `id` INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
70 `name` VARCHAR(32) UNIQUE,
71 `password` VARCHAR(512),
74 CREATE TABLE `user_privileges` (
76 `privilege` VARCHAR(32),
77 PRIMARY KEY (id, privilege)
78 CONSTRAINT fk_id FOREIGN KEY (id) REFERENCES auth (id) ON DELETE CASCADE
81 The "name" and "password" fields of the auth table are the same as the auth.txt
82 fields (with modern password hash). The "last_login" field is the last login
83 time as a unix time stamp.
85 The "user_privileges" table contains one entry per privilege and player.
86 A player with "interact" and "shout" privileges will have two entries, one
87 with privilege="interact" and the second with privilege="shout".
91 Simple global environment variables.
92 Example content (added indentation):
99 Banned IP addresses and usernames.
100 Example content (added indentation):
106 Simple global map variables.
107 Example content (added indentation):
108 seed = 7980462765762429666
114 See Map File Format below.
119 Filename can be anything.
120 See Player File Format below.
125 Example content (added indentation and - explanations):
126 gameid = mesetint - name of the game
127 enable_damage = true - whether damage is enabled or not
128 creative_mode = false - whether creative mode is enabled or not
129 backend = sqlite3 - which DB backend to use for blocks (sqlite3, dummy, leveldb, redis, postgresql)
130 player_backend = sqlite3 - which DB backend to use for player data
131 readonly_backend = sqlite3 - optionally readonly seed DB (DB file _must_ be located in "readonly" subfolder)
132 auth_backend = files - which DB backend to use for authentication data
133 mod_storage_backend = sqlite3 - which DB backend to use for mod storage
134 server_announce = false - whether the server is publicly announced or not
135 load_mod_<mod> = false - whether <mod> is to be loaded in this world
137 For load_mod_<mod>, the possible values are:
139 * `false` - Do not load the mod.
140 * `true` - Load the mod from wherever it is found (may cause conflicts if the same mod appears also in some other place).
141 * `mods/modpack/moddir` - Relative path to the mod
142 * Must be one of the following:
143 * `mods/`: mods in the user path's mods folder (ex `/home/user/.minetest/mods`)
144 * `share/`: mods in the share's mods folder (ex: `/usr/share/minetest/mods`)
145 * `/path/to/env`: you can use absolute paths to mods inside folders specified with the `MINETEST_MOD_PATH` env variable.
146 * Other locations and absolute paths are not supported
147 * Note that `moddir` is the directory name, not the mod name specified in mod.conf.
149 PostgreSQL backend specific settings:
150 pgsql_connection = host=127.0.0.1 port=5432 user=mt_user password=mt_password dbname=minetest
151 pgsql_player_connection = (same parameters as above)
152 pgsql_readonly_connection = (same parameters as above)
153 pgsql_auth_connection = (same parameters as above)
154 pgsql_mod_storage_connection = (same parameters as above)
156 Redis backend specific settings:
157 redis_address = 127.0.0.1 - Redis server address
158 redis_hash = foo - Database hash
159 redis_port = 6379 - (optional) connection port
160 redis_password = hunter2 - (optional) server password
166 - Should be pretty self-explanatory.
167 - Note: position is in nodes * 10
169 Example content (added indentation):
173 position = (-5231.97,15,1961.41)
178 Item default:torch 13
179 Item default:pick_steel 1 50112
180 Item experimental:tnt
181 Item default:cobble 99
182 Item default:pick_stone 1 13104
183 Item default:shovel_steel 1 51838
186 Item default:coal_lump 3
187 Item default:cobble 99
188 Item default:leaves 22
189 Item default:gravel 52
190 Item default:axe_steel 1 2045
191 Item default:cobble 98
193 Item default:water_source 94
195 Item default:mossycobble
196 Item default:pick_steel 1 64428
197 Item animalmaterials:bone
198 Item default:sword_steel
200 Item default:sword_stone 1 10647
233 Minetest maps consist of MapBlocks, chunks of 16x16x16 nodes.
235 In addition to the bulk node data, MapBlocks stored on disk also contain
240 We need a bit of history in here. Initially Minetest stored maps in a
241 format called the "sectors" format. It was a directory/file structure like
243 sectors2/XXX/ZZZ/YYYY
244 For example, the MapBlock at (0,1,-2) was this file:
245 sectors2/000/ffd/0001
247 Eventually Minetest outgrow this directory structure, as filesystems were
248 struggling under the amount of files and directories.
250 Large servers seriously needed a new format, and thus the base of the
251 current format was invented, suggested by celeron55 and implemented by
254 SQLite3 was slammed in, and blocks files were directly inserted as blobs
255 in a single table, indexed by integer primary keys, oddly mangled from
258 Today we know that SQLite3 allows multiple primary keys (which would allow
259 storing coordinates separately), but the format has been kept unchanged for
260 that part. So, this is where it has come.
265 map.sqlite is an sqlite3 database, containing a single table, called
266 "blocks". It looks like this:
268 CREATE TABLE `blocks` (`pos` INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,`data` BLOB);
272 "pos" is created from the three coordinates of a MapBlock using this
273 algorithm, defined here in Python:
275 def getBlockAsInteger(p):
276 return int64(p[2]*16777216 + p[1]*4096 + p[0])
285 It can be converted the other way by using this code:
287 def getIntegerAsBlock(i):
288 x = unsignedToSigned(i % 4096, 2048)
289 i = int((i - x) / 4096)
290 y = unsignedToSigned(i % 4096, 2048)
291 i = int((i - y) / 4096)
292 z = unsignedToSigned(i % 4096, 2048)
295 def unsignedToSigned(i, max_positive):
299 return i - 2*max_positive
303 The blob is the data that would have otherwise gone into the file.
305 See below for description.
307 MapBlock serialization format
308 ==============================
309 NOTE: Byte order is MSB first (big-endian).
310 NOTE: Zlib data is in such a format that Python's zlib at least can
312 NOTE: Since version 29 zstd is used instead of zlib. In addition the entire
313 block is first serialized and then compressed (except the version byte).
316 - map format version number, see serialization.h for the latest number
320 - 0x01: is_underground: Should be set to 0 if there will be no light
321 obstructions above the block. If/when sunlight of a block is updated
322 and there is no block above it, this value is checked for determining
323 whether sunlight comes from the top.
324 - 0x02: day_night_differs: Whether the lighting of the block is different
325 on day and night. Only blocks that have this bit set are updated when
326 day transforms to night.
327 - 0x04: lighting_expired: Not used in version 27 and above. If true,
328 lighting is invalid and should be updated. If you can't calculate
329 lighting in your generator properly, you could try setting this 1 to
330 everything and setting the uppermost block in every sector as
331 is_underground=0. I am quite sure it doesn't work properly, though.
332 - 0x08: generated: True if the block has been generated. If false, block
333 is mostly filled with CONTENT_IGNORE and is likely to contain eg. parts
334 of trees of neighboring blocks.
336 u16 lighting_complete
337 - Added in version 27.
338 - This contains 12 flags, each of them corresponds to a direction.
339 - Indicates if the light is correct at the sides of a map block.
340 Lighting may not be correct if the light changed, but a neighbor
341 block was not loaded at that time.
342 If these flags are false, Minetest will automatically recompute light
343 when both this block and its required neighbor are loaded.
345 nothing, nothing, nothing, nothing,
346 night X-, night Y-, night Z-, night Z+, night Y+, night X+,
347 day X-, day Y-, day Z-, day Z+, day Y+, day X+.
348 Where 'day' is for the day light bank, 'night' is for the night
350 The 'nothing' bits should be always set, as they will be used
351 to indicate if direct sunlight spreading is finished.
352 - Example: if the block at (0, 0, 0) has
353 lighting_complete = 0b1111111111111110,
354 then Minetest will correct lighting in the day light bank when
355 the block at (1, 0, 0) is also loaded.
357 if map format version >= 29:
359 - Timestamp when last saved, as seconds from starting the game.
360 - 0xffffffff = invalid/unknown timestamp, nothing should be done with the time
361 difference when loaded
363 u8 name_id_mapping_version
364 - Should be zero for map format version 29.
366 u16 num_name_id_mappings
367 foreach num_name_id_mappings
371 if map format version < 29:
372 -- Nothing right here, timestamp and node id mappings are serialized later
375 - Number of bytes in the content (param0) fields of nodes
376 if map format version <= 23:
378 if map format version >= 24:
382 - Number of bytes used for parameters per node
385 node data (zlib-compressed if version < 29):
386 if content_width == 1:
388 u8[4096]: param0 fields
389 u8[4096]: param1 fields
390 u8[4096]: param2 fields
391 if content_width == 2:
393 u16[4096]: param0 fields
394 u8[4096]: param1 fields
395 u8[4096]: param2 fields
396 - The location of a node in each of those arrays is (z*16*16 + y*16 + x).
398 node metadata list (zlib-compressed if version < 29):
400 if map format version <= 22:
402 u16 count of metadata
404 u16 position (p.Z*MAP_BLOCKSIZE*MAP_BLOCKSIZE + p.Y*MAP_BLOCKSIZE + p.X)
407 u8[content_size] content of metadata. Format depends on type_id, see below.
408 if map format version >= 23:
409 u8 version -- Note: type was u16 for map format version <= 22
410 -- = 1 for map format version < 28
411 -- = 2 since map format version 28
412 u16 count of metadata
414 u16 position (p.Z*MAP_BLOCKSIZE*MAP_BLOCKSIZE + p.Y*MAP_BLOCKSIZE + p.X)
421 u8 is_private -- only for version >= 2. 0 = not private, 1 = private
425 if map format version == 23:
426 u8 unused version (always 0)
427 if map format version == 24: (NOTE: Not released as stable)
429 if nodetimer_version == 0:
431 if nodetimer_version == 1:
433 foreach num_of_timers:
434 u16 timer position (z*16*16 + y*16 + x)
437 if map format version >= 25:
438 -- Nothing right here, node timers are serialized later
440 u8 static object version:
443 u16 static_object_count
445 foreach static_object_count:
446 u8 type (object type-id)
447 s32 pos_x_nodes * 10000
448 s32 pos_y_nodes * 10000
449 s32 pos_z_nodes * 10000
453 if map format version < 29:
455 - Same meaning as the timestamp further up
457 u8 name-id-mapping version
460 u16 num_name_id_mappings
461 foreach num_name_id_mappings
467 if map format version >= 25:
468 u8 length of the data of a single timer (always 2+4+4=10)
470 foreach num_of_timers:
471 u16 timer position (z*16*16 + y*16 + x)
479 A node is composed of the u8 fields param0, param1 and param2.
481 if map format version <= 23:
482 The content id of a node is determined as so:
486 content_id = (param0<<4) + (param2>>4)
487 if map format version >= 24:
488 The content id of a node is param0.
490 The purpose of param1 and param2 depend on the definition of the node.
494 The mapping maps node content ids to node names.
496 Node metadata format for map format versions <= 22
497 ---------------------------------------------------
498 The node metadata are serialized depending on the type_id field.
509 u8[len] inventory drawspec
510 u8 allow_text_input (bool)
511 u8 removal_disabled (bool)
512 u8 enforce_owner (bool)
530 17: Locked Chest metadata
537 Static objects are persistent freely moving objects in the world.
544 u8 compatibility_byte (always 1)
550 s32 velocity.x * 10000
551 s32 velocity.y * 10000
552 s32 velocity.z * 10000
554 if PROTOCOL_VERSION >= 37:
562 eg. 'default:pick_wood 21323'
563 eg. '"default:apple" 2'
565 - The wear value in tools is 0...65535
566 - There are also a number of older formats that you might stumble upon:
567 eg. 'node "default:dirt" 5'
568 eg. 'NodeItem default:dirt 5'
569 eg. 'ToolItem WPick 21323'
571 Inventory serialization format
572 -------------------------------
573 - The inventory serialization format is line-based
574 - The newline character used is "\n"
575 - The end condition of a serialized inventory is always "EndInventory\n"
576 - All the slots in a list must always be serialized.
578 Example (format does not include "---"):
582 Item default:sword_stone 1 10647