1 =============================
2 Minetest World Format 22...29
3 =============================
5 This applies to a world format carrying the block serialization version
6 22...27, used at least in
7 - 0.4.dev-20120322 ... 0.4.dev-20120606 (22...23)
9 - 24 was never released as stable and existed for ~2 days
10 - 27 was added in 0.4.15-dev
11 - 29 was added in 5.5.0-dev
13 The block serialization version does not fully specify every aspect of this
14 format; if compliance with this format is to be checked, it needs to be
15 done by detecting if the files and data indeed follows it.
19 Everything is contained in a directory, the name of which is freeform, but
20 often serves as the name of the world.
22 Currently the authentication and ban data is stored on a per-world basis.
23 It can be copied over from an old world to a newly created world.
26 |-- auth.txt ----- Authentication data
27 |-- auth.sqlite -- Authentication data (SQLite alternative)
28 |-- env_meta.txt - Environment metadata
29 |-- ipban.txt ---- Banned ips/users
30 |-- map_meta.txt - Map metadata
31 |-- map.sqlite --- Map data
32 |-- players ------ Player directory
33 | |-- player1 -- Player file
34 | '-- Foo ------ Player file
35 `-- world.mt ----- World metadata
39 Contains authentication data, player per line.
40 <name>:<password hash>:<privilege1,...>
42 Legacy format (until 0.4.12) of password hash is <name><password> SHA1'd,
43 in the base64 encoding.
45 Format (since 0.4.13) of password hash is #1#<salt>#<verifier>, with the
46 parts inside <> encoded in the base64 encoding.
47 <verifier> is an RFC 2945 compatible SRP verifier,
48 of the given salt, password, and the player's name lowercased,
49 using the 2048-bit group specified in RFC 5054 and the SHA-256 hash function.
52 - Player "celeron55", no password, privileges "interact" and "shout":
53 celeron55::interact,shout
54 - Player "Foo", password "bar", privilege "shout", with a legacy password hash:
55 foo:iEPX+SQWIR3p67lj/0zigSWTKHg:shout
56 - Player "Foo", password "bar", privilege "shout", with a 0.4.13 pw hash:
57 foo:#1#hPpy4O3IAn1hsNK00A6wNw#Kpu6rj7McsrPCt4euTb5RA5ltF7wdcWGoYMcRngwDi11cZhPuuR9i5Bo7o6A877TgcEwoc//HNrj9EjR/CGjdyTFmNhiermZOADvd8eu32FYK1kf7RMC0rXWxCenYuOQCG4WF9mMGiyTPxC63VAjAMuc1nCZzmy6D9zt0SIKxOmteI75pAEAIee2hx4OkSXRIiU4Zrxo1Xf7QFxkMY4x77vgaPcvfmuzom0y/fU1EdSnZeopGPvzMpFx80ODFx1P34R52nmVl0W8h4GNo0k8ZiWtRCdrJxs8xIg7z5P1h3Th/BJ0lwexpdK8sQZWng8xaO5ElthNuhO8UQx1l6FgEA:shout
58 - Player "bar", no password, no privileges:
63 Contains authentification data as an SQLite database. This replaces auth.txt
64 above when auth_backend is set to "sqlite3" in world.mt .
66 This database contains two tables "auth" and "user_privileges":
69 `id` INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
70 `name` VARCHAR(32) UNIQUE,
71 `password` VARCHAR(512),
74 CREATE TABLE `user_privileges` (
76 `privilege` VARCHAR(32),
77 PRIMARY KEY (id, privilege)
78 CONSTRAINT fk_id FOREIGN KEY (id) REFERENCES auth (id) ON DELETE CASCADE
81 The "name" and "password" fields of the auth table are the same as the auth.txt
82 fields (with modern password hash). The "last_login" field is the last login
83 time as a unix time stamp.
85 The "user_privileges" table contains one entry per privilege and player.
86 A player with "interact" and "shout" privileges will have two entries, one
87 with privilege="interact" and the second with privilege="shout".
91 Simple global environment variables.
92 Example content (added indentation):
99 Banned IP addresses and usernames.
100 Example content (added indentation):
106 Simple global map variables.
107 Example content (added indentation):
108 seed = 7980462765762429666
114 See Map File Format below.
119 Filename can be anything.
120 See Player File Format below.
125 Example content (added indentation and - explanations):
126 gameid = mesetint - name of the game
127 enable_damage = true - whether damage is enabled or not
128 creative_mode = false - whether creative mode is enabled or not
129 backend = sqlite3 - which DB backend to use for blocks (sqlite3, dummy, leveldb, redis, postgresql)
130 player_backend = sqlite3 - which DB backend to use for player data
131 readonly_backend = sqlite3 - optionally readonly seed DB (DB file _must_ be located in "readonly" subfolder)
132 server_announce = false - whether the server is publicly announced or not
133 load_mod_<mod> = false - whether <mod> is to be loaded in this world
134 auth_backend = files - which DB backend to use for authentication data
136 For load_mod_<mod>, the possible values are:
138 * `false` - Do not load the mod.
139 * `true` - Load the mod from wherever it is found (may cause conflicts if the same mod appears also in some other place).
140 * `mods/modpack/moddir` - Relative path to the mod
141 * Must be one of the following:
142 * `mods/`: mods in the user path's mods folder (ex `/home/user/.minetest/mods`)
143 * `share/`: mods in the share's mods folder (ex: `/usr/share/minetest/mods`)
144 * `/path/to/env`: you can use absolute paths to mods inside folders specified with the `MINETEST_MOD_PATH` env variable.
145 * Other locations and absolute paths are not supported
146 * Note that `moddir` is the directory name, not the mod name specified in mod.conf.
152 - Should be pretty self-explanatory.
153 - Note: position is in nodes * 10
155 Example content (added indentation):
159 position = (-5231.97,15,1961.41)
164 Item default:torch 13
165 Item default:pick_steel 1 50112
166 Item experimental:tnt
167 Item default:cobble 99
168 Item default:pick_stone 1 13104
169 Item default:shovel_steel 1 51838
172 Item default:coal_lump 3
173 Item default:cobble 99
174 Item default:leaves 22
175 Item default:gravel 52
176 Item default:axe_steel 1 2045
177 Item default:cobble 98
179 Item default:water_source 94
181 Item default:mossycobble
182 Item default:pick_steel 1 64428
183 Item animalmaterials:bone
184 Item default:sword_steel
186 Item default:sword_stone 1 10647
219 Minetest maps consist of MapBlocks, chunks of 16x16x16 nodes.
221 In addition to the bulk node data, MapBlocks stored on disk also contain
226 We need a bit of history in here. Initially Minetest stored maps in a
227 format called the "sectors" format. It was a directory/file structure like
229 sectors2/XXX/ZZZ/YYYY
230 For example, the MapBlock at (0,1,-2) was this file:
231 sectors2/000/ffd/0001
233 Eventually Minetest outgrow this directory structure, as filesystems were
234 struggling under the amount of files and directories.
236 Large servers seriously needed a new format, and thus the base of the
237 current format was invented, suggested by celeron55 and implemented by
240 SQLite3 was slammed in, and blocks files were directly inserted as blobs
241 in a single table, indexed by integer primary keys, oddly mangled from
244 Today we know that SQLite3 allows multiple primary keys (which would allow
245 storing coordinates separately), but the format has been kept unchanged for
246 that part. So, this is where it has come.
251 map.sqlite is an sqlite3 database, containing a single table, called
252 "blocks". It looks like this:
254 CREATE TABLE `blocks` (`pos` INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,`data` BLOB);
258 "pos" is created from the three coordinates of a MapBlock using this
259 algorithm, defined here in Python:
261 def getBlockAsInteger(p):
262 return int64(p[2]*16777216 + p[1]*4096 + p[0])
271 It can be converted the other way by using this code:
273 def getIntegerAsBlock(i):
274 x = unsignedToSigned(i % 4096, 2048)
275 i = int((i - x) / 4096)
276 y = unsignedToSigned(i % 4096, 2048)
277 i = int((i - y) / 4096)
278 z = unsignedToSigned(i % 4096, 2048)
281 def unsignedToSigned(i, max_positive):
285 return i - 2*max_positive
289 The blob is the data that would have otherwise gone into the file.
291 See below for description.
293 MapBlock serialization format
294 ==============================
295 NOTE: Byte order is MSB first (big-endian).
296 NOTE: Zlib data is in such a format that Python's zlib at least can
298 NOTE: Since version 29 zstd is used instead of zlib. In addition the entire
299 block is first serialized and then compressed (except the version byte).
302 - map format version number, see serialisation.h for the latest number
306 - 0x01: is_underground: Should be set to 0 if there will be no light
307 obstructions above the block. If/when sunlight of a block is updated
308 and there is no block above it, this value is checked for determining
309 whether sunlight comes from the top.
310 - 0x02: day_night_differs: Whether the lighting of the block is different
311 on day and night. Only blocks that have this bit set are updated when
312 day transforms to night.
313 - 0x04: lighting_expired: Not used in version 27 and above. If true,
314 lighting is invalid and should be updated. If you can't calculate
315 lighting in your generator properly, you could try setting this 1 to
316 everything and setting the uppermost block in every sector as
317 is_underground=0. I am quite sure it doesn't work properly, though.
318 - 0x08: generated: True if the block has been generated. If false, block
319 is mostly filled with CONTENT_IGNORE and is likely to contain eg. parts
320 of trees of neighboring blocks.
322 u16 lighting_complete
323 - Added in version 27.
324 - This contains 12 flags, each of them corresponds to a direction.
325 - Indicates if the light is correct at the sides of a map block.
326 Lighting may not be correct if the light changed, but a neighbor
327 block was not loaded at that time.
328 If these flags are false, Minetest will automatically recompute light
329 when both this block and its required neighbor are loaded.
331 nothing, nothing, nothing, nothing,
332 night X-, night Y-, night Z-, night Z+, night Y+, night X+,
333 day X-, day Y-, day Z-, day Z+, day Y+, day X+.
334 Where 'day' is for the day light bank, 'night' is for the night
336 The 'nothing' bits should be always set, as they will be used
337 to indicate if direct sunlight spreading is finished.
338 - Example: if the block at (0, 0, 0) has
339 lighting_complete = 0b1111111111111110,
340 then Minetest will correct lighting in the day light bank when
341 the block at (1, 0, 0) is also loaded.
343 if map format version >= 29:
345 - Timestamp when last saved, as seconds from starting the game.
346 - 0xffffffff = invalid/unknown timestamp, nothing should be done with the time
347 difference when loaded
349 u8 name_id_mapping_version
350 - Should be zero for map format version 29.
352 u16 num_name_id_mappings
353 foreach num_name_id_mappings
357 if map format version < 29:
358 -- Nothing right here, timpstamp and node id mappings are serialized later
361 - Number of bytes in the content (param0) fields of nodes
362 if map format version <= 23:
364 if map format version >= 24:
368 - Number of bytes used for parameters per node
371 node data (zlib-compressed if version < 29):
372 if content_width == 1:
374 u8[4096]: param0 fields
375 u8[4096]: param1 fields
376 u8[4096]: param2 fields
377 if content_width == 2:
379 u16[4096]: param0 fields
380 u8[4096]: param1 fields
381 u8[4096]: param2 fields
382 - The location of a node in each of those arrays is (z*16*16 + y*16 + x).
384 node metadata list (zlib-compressed if version < 29):
386 if map format version <= 22:
388 u16 count of metadata
390 u16 position (p.Z*MAP_BLOCKSIZE*MAP_BLOCKSIZE + p.Y*MAP_BLOCKSIZE + p.X)
393 u8[content_size] content of metadata. Format depends on type_id, see below.
394 if map format version >= 23:
395 u8 version -- Note: type was u16 for map format version <= 22
396 -- = 1 for map format version < 28
397 -- = 2 since map format version 28
398 u16 count of metadata
400 u16 position (p.Z*MAP_BLOCKSIZE*MAP_BLOCKSIZE + p.Y*MAP_BLOCKSIZE + p.X)
407 u8 is_private -- only for version >= 2. 0 = not private, 1 = private
411 if map format version == 23:
412 u8 unused version (always 0)
413 if map format version == 24: (NOTE: Not released as stable)
415 if nodetimer_version == 0:
417 if nodetimer_version == 1:
419 foreach num_of_timers:
420 u16 timer position (z*16*16 + y*16 + x)
423 if map format version >= 25:
424 -- Nothing right here, node timers are serialized later
426 u8 static object version:
429 u16 static_object_count
431 foreach static_object_count:
432 u8 type (object type-id)
433 s32 pos_x_nodes * 10000
434 s32 pos_y_nodes * 10000
435 s32 pos_z_nodes * 10000
439 if map format version < 29:
441 - Same meaning as the timestamp further up
443 u8 name-id-mapping version
446 u16 num_name_id_mappings
447 foreach num_name_id_mappings
453 if map format version >= 25:
454 u8 length of the data of a single timer (always 2+4+4=10)
456 foreach num_of_timers:
457 u16 timer position (z*16*16 + y*16 + x)
465 A node is composed of the u8 fields param0, param1 and param2.
467 if map format version <= 23:
468 The content id of a node is determined as so:
472 content_id = (param0<<4) + (param2>>4)
473 if map format version >= 24:
474 The content id of a node is param0.
476 The purpose of param1 and param2 depend on the definition of the node.
480 The mapping maps node content ids to node names.
482 Node metadata format for map format versions <= 22
483 ---------------------------------------------------
484 The node metadata are serialized depending on the type_id field.
495 u8[len] inventory drawspec
496 u8 allow_text_input (bool)
497 u8 removal_disabled (bool)
498 u8 enforce_owner (bool)
516 17: Locked Chest metadata
523 Static objects are persistent freely moving objects in the world.
530 u8 compatibility_byte (always 1)
536 s32 velocity.x * 10000
537 s32 velocity.y * 10000
538 s32 velocity.z * 10000
540 if PROTOCOL_VERSION >= 37:
548 eg. 'default:pick_wood 21323'
549 eg. '"default:apple" 2'
551 - The wear value in tools is 0...65535
552 - There are also a number of older formats that you might stumble upon:
553 eg. 'node "default:dirt" 5'
554 eg. 'NodeItem default:dirt 5'
555 eg. 'ToolItem WPick 21323'
557 Inventory serialization format
558 -------------------------------
559 - The inventory serialization format is line-based
560 - The newline character used is "\n"
561 - The end condition of a serialized inventory is always "EndInventory\n"
562 - All the slots in a list must always be serialized.
564 Example (format does not include "---"):
568 Item default:sword_stone 1 10647