]> git.lizzy.rs Git - rust.git/blob - crates/hir_ty/src/display.rs
Merge #8133
[rust.git] / crates / hir_ty / src / display.rs
1 //! FIXME: write short doc here
2
3 use std::{borrow::Cow, fmt};
4
5 use arrayvec::ArrayVec;
6 use chalk_ir::Mutability;
7 use hir_def::{
8     db::DefDatabase,
9     find_path,
10     generics::TypeParamProvenance,
11     item_scope::ItemInNs,
12     path::{GenericArg, Path, PathKind},
13     type_ref::{TypeBound, TypeRef},
14     visibility::Visibility,
15     AssocContainerId, Lookup, ModuleId, TraitId,
16 };
17 use hir_expand::name::Name;
18
19 use crate::{
20     db::HirDatabase, from_assoc_type_id, from_foreign_def_id, from_placeholder_idx, primitive,
21     to_assoc_type_id, traits::chalk::from_chalk, utils::generics, AdtId, AliasEq, AliasTy,
22     CallableDefId, CallableSig, DomainGoal, ImplTraitId, Interner, Lifetime, OpaqueTy,
23     ProjectionTy, Scalar, Substitution, TraitRef, Ty, TyKind, WhereClause,
24 };
25
26 pub struct HirFormatter<'a> {
27     pub db: &'a dyn HirDatabase,
28     fmt: &'a mut dyn fmt::Write,
29     buf: String,
30     curr_size: usize,
31     pub(crate) max_size: Option<usize>,
32     omit_verbose_types: bool,
33     display_target: DisplayTarget,
34 }
35
36 pub trait HirDisplay {
37     fn hir_fmt(&self, f: &mut HirFormatter) -> Result<(), HirDisplayError>;
38
39     /// Returns a `Display`able type that is human-readable.
40     fn into_displayable<'a>(
41         &'a self,
42         db: &'a dyn HirDatabase,
43         max_size: Option<usize>,
44         omit_verbose_types: bool,
45         display_target: DisplayTarget,
46     ) -> HirDisplayWrapper<'a, Self>
47     where
48         Self: Sized,
49     {
50         HirDisplayWrapper { db, t: self, max_size, omit_verbose_types, display_target }
51     }
52
53     /// Returns a `Display`able type that is human-readable.
54     /// Use this for showing types to the user (e.g. diagnostics)
55     fn display<'a>(&'a self, db: &'a dyn HirDatabase) -> HirDisplayWrapper<'a, Self>
56     where
57         Self: Sized,
58     {
59         HirDisplayWrapper {
60             db,
61             t: self,
62             max_size: None,
63             omit_verbose_types: false,
64             display_target: DisplayTarget::Diagnostics,
65         }
66     }
67
68     /// Returns a `Display`able type that is human-readable and tries to be succinct.
69     /// Use this for showing types to the user where space is constrained (e.g. doc popups)
70     fn display_truncated<'a>(
71         &'a self,
72         db: &'a dyn HirDatabase,
73         max_size: Option<usize>,
74     ) -> HirDisplayWrapper<'a, Self>
75     where
76         Self: Sized,
77     {
78         HirDisplayWrapper {
79             db,
80             t: self,
81             max_size,
82             omit_verbose_types: true,
83             display_target: DisplayTarget::Diagnostics,
84         }
85     }
86
87     /// Returns a String representation of `self` that can be inserted into the given module.
88     /// Use this when generating code (e.g. assists)
89     fn display_source_code<'a>(
90         &'a self,
91         db: &'a dyn HirDatabase,
92         module_id: ModuleId,
93     ) -> Result<String, DisplaySourceCodeError> {
94         let mut result = String::new();
95         match self.hir_fmt(&mut HirFormatter {
96             db,
97             fmt: &mut result,
98             buf: String::with_capacity(20),
99             curr_size: 0,
100             max_size: None,
101             omit_verbose_types: false,
102             display_target: DisplayTarget::SourceCode { module_id },
103         }) {
104             Ok(()) => {}
105             Err(HirDisplayError::FmtError) => panic!("Writing to String can't fail!"),
106             Err(HirDisplayError::DisplaySourceCodeError(e)) => return Err(e),
107         };
108         Ok(result)
109     }
110
111     /// Returns a String representation of `self` for test purposes
112     fn display_test<'a>(&'a self, db: &'a dyn HirDatabase) -> HirDisplayWrapper<'a, Self>
113     where
114         Self: Sized,
115     {
116         HirDisplayWrapper {
117             db,
118             t: self,
119             max_size: None,
120             omit_verbose_types: false,
121             display_target: DisplayTarget::Test,
122         }
123     }
124 }
125
126 impl<'a> HirFormatter<'a> {
127     pub fn write_joined<T: HirDisplay>(
128         &mut self,
129         iter: impl IntoIterator<Item = T>,
130         sep: &str,
131     ) -> Result<(), HirDisplayError> {
132         let mut first = true;
133         for e in iter {
134             if !first {
135                 write!(self, "{}", sep)?;
136             }
137             first = false;
138             e.hir_fmt(self)?;
139         }
140         Ok(())
141     }
142
143     /// This allows using the `write!` macro directly with a `HirFormatter`.
144     pub fn write_fmt(&mut self, args: fmt::Arguments) -> Result<(), HirDisplayError> {
145         // We write to a buffer first to track output size
146         self.buf.clear();
147         fmt::write(&mut self.buf, args)?;
148         self.curr_size += self.buf.len();
149
150         // Then we write to the internal formatter from the buffer
151         self.fmt.write_str(&self.buf).map_err(HirDisplayError::from)
152     }
153
154     pub fn should_truncate(&self) -> bool {
155         if let Some(max_size) = self.max_size {
156             self.curr_size >= max_size
157         } else {
158             false
159         }
160     }
161
162     pub fn omit_verbose_types(&self) -> bool {
163         self.omit_verbose_types
164     }
165 }
166
167 #[derive(Clone, Copy)]
168 pub enum DisplayTarget {
169     /// Display types for inlays, doc popups, autocompletion, etc...
170     /// Showing `{unknown}` or not qualifying paths is fine here.
171     /// There's no reason for this to fail.
172     Diagnostics,
173     /// Display types for inserting them in source files.
174     /// The generated code should compile, so paths need to be qualified.
175     SourceCode { module_id: ModuleId },
176     /// Only for test purpose to keep real types
177     Test,
178 }
179
180 impl DisplayTarget {
181     fn is_source_code(&self) -> bool {
182         matches!(self, Self::SourceCode { .. })
183     }
184     fn is_test(&self) -> bool {
185         matches!(self, Self::Test)
186     }
187 }
188
189 #[derive(Debug)]
190 pub enum DisplaySourceCodeError {
191     PathNotFound,
192     UnknownType,
193 }
194
195 pub enum HirDisplayError {
196     /// Errors that can occur when generating source code
197     DisplaySourceCodeError(DisplaySourceCodeError),
198     /// `FmtError` is required to be compatible with std::fmt::Display
199     FmtError,
200 }
201 impl From<fmt::Error> for HirDisplayError {
202     fn from(_: fmt::Error) -> Self {
203         Self::FmtError
204     }
205 }
206
207 pub struct HirDisplayWrapper<'a, T> {
208     db: &'a dyn HirDatabase,
209     t: &'a T,
210     max_size: Option<usize>,
211     omit_verbose_types: bool,
212     display_target: DisplayTarget,
213 }
214
215 impl<'a, T> fmt::Display for HirDisplayWrapper<'a, T>
216 where
217     T: HirDisplay,
218 {
219     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
220         match self.t.hir_fmt(&mut HirFormatter {
221             db: self.db,
222             fmt: f,
223             buf: String::with_capacity(20),
224             curr_size: 0,
225             max_size: self.max_size,
226             omit_verbose_types: self.omit_verbose_types,
227             display_target: self.display_target,
228         }) {
229             Ok(()) => Ok(()),
230             Err(HirDisplayError::FmtError) => Err(fmt::Error),
231             Err(HirDisplayError::DisplaySourceCodeError(_)) => {
232                 // This should never happen
233                 panic!("HirDisplay failed when calling Display::fmt!")
234             }
235         }
236     }
237 }
238
239 const TYPE_HINT_TRUNCATION: &str = "…";
240
241 impl<T: HirDisplay> HirDisplay for &'_ T {
242     fn hir_fmt(&self, f: &mut HirFormatter) -> Result<(), HirDisplayError> {
243         HirDisplay::hir_fmt(*self, f)
244     }
245 }
246
247 impl HirDisplay for ProjectionTy {
248     fn hir_fmt(&self, f: &mut HirFormatter) -> Result<(), HirDisplayError> {
249         if f.should_truncate() {
250             return write!(f, "{}", TYPE_HINT_TRUNCATION);
251         }
252
253         let trait_ = f.db.trait_data(self.trait_(f.db));
254         let first_parameter = self.substitution[0].into_displayable(
255             f.db,
256             f.max_size,
257             f.omit_verbose_types,
258             f.display_target,
259         );
260         write!(f, "<{} as {}", first_parameter, trait_.name)?;
261         if self.substitution.len() > 1 {
262             write!(f, "<")?;
263             f.write_joined(&self.substitution[1..], ", ")?;
264             write!(f, ">")?;
265         }
266         write!(f, ">::{}", f.db.type_alias_data(from_assoc_type_id(self.associated_ty_id)).name)?;
267         Ok(())
268     }
269 }
270
271 impl HirDisplay for OpaqueTy {
272     fn hir_fmt(&self, f: &mut HirFormatter) -> Result<(), HirDisplayError> {
273         if f.should_truncate() {
274             return write!(f, "{}", TYPE_HINT_TRUNCATION);
275         }
276
277         self.substitution[0].hir_fmt(f)
278     }
279 }
280
281 impl HirDisplay for Ty {
282     fn hir_fmt(&self, f: &mut HirFormatter) -> Result<(), HirDisplayError> {
283         if f.should_truncate() {
284             return write!(f, "{}", TYPE_HINT_TRUNCATION);
285         }
286
287         match self.interned(&Interner) {
288             TyKind::Never => write!(f, "!")?,
289             TyKind::Str => write!(f, "str")?,
290             TyKind::Scalar(Scalar::Bool) => write!(f, "bool")?,
291             TyKind::Scalar(Scalar::Char) => write!(f, "char")?,
292             &TyKind::Scalar(Scalar::Float(t)) => write!(f, "{}", primitive::float_ty_to_string(t))?,
293             &TyKind::Scalar(Scalar::Int(t)) => write!(f, "{}", primitive::int_ty_to_string(t))?,
294             &TyKind::Scalar(Scalar::Uint(t)) => write!(f, "{}", primitive::uint_ty_to_string(t))?,
295             TyKind::Slice(t) => {
296                 write!(f, "[")?;
297                 t.hir_fmt(f)?;
298                 write!(f, "]")?;
299             }
300             TyKind::Array(t) => {
301                 write!(f, "[")?;
302                 t.hir_fmt(f)?;
303                 write!(f, "; _]")?;
304             }
305             TyKind::Raw(m, t) | TyKind::Ref(m, t) => {
306                 let ty_display =
307                     t.into_displayable(f.db, f.max_size, f.omit_verbose_types, f.display_target);
308
309                 if matches!(self.interned(&Interner), TyKind::Raw(..)) {
310                     write!(
311                         f,
312                         "*{}",
313                         match m {
314                             Mutability::Not => "const ",
315                             Mutability::Mut => "mut ",
316                         }
317                     )?;
318                 } else {
319                     write!(
320                         f,
321                         "&{}",
322                         match m {
323                             Mutability::Not => "",
324                             Mutability::Mut => "mut ",
325                         }
326                     )?;
327                 }
328
329                 // FIXME: all this just to decide whether to use parentheses...
330                 let datas;
331                 let predicates = match t.interned(&Interner) {
332                     TyKind::Dyn(predicates) if predicates.len() > 1 => {
333                         Cow::Borrowed(predicates.as_ref())
334                     }
335                     &TyKind::Alias(AliasTy::Opaque(OpaqueTy {
336                         opaque_ty_id,
337                         substitution: ref parameters,
338                     })) => {
339                         let impl_trait_id = f.db.lookup_intern_impl_trait_id(opaque_ty_id.into());
340                         if let ImplTraitId::ReturnTypeImplTrait(func, idx) = impl_trait_id {
341                             datas =
342                                 f.db.return_type_impl_traits(func)
343                                     .expect("impl trait id without data");
344                             let data = (*datas)
345                                 .as_ref()
346                                 .map(|rpit| rpit.impl_traits[idx as usize].bounds.clone());
347                             let bounds = data.subst(parameters);
348                             Cow::Owned(bounds.value)
349                         } else {
350                             Cow::Borrowed(&[][..])
351                         }
352                     }
353                     _ => Cow::Borrowed(&[][..]),
354                 };
355
356                 if let [WhereClause::Implemented(trait_ref), _] = predicates.as_ref() {
357                     let trait_ = trait_ref.hir_trait_id();
358                     if fn_traits(f.db.upcast(), trait_).any(|it| it == trait_) {
359                         return write!(f, "{}", ty_display);
360                     }
361                 }
362
363                 if predicates.len() > 1 {
364                     write!(f, "(")?;
365                     write!(f, "{}", ty_display)?;
366                     write!(f, ")")?;
367                 } else {
368                     write!(f, "{}", ty_display)?;
369                 }
370             }
371             TyKind::Tuple(_, substs) => {
372                 if substs.len() == 1 {
373                     write!(f, "(")?;
374                     substs[0].hir_fmt(f)?;
375                     write!(f, ",)")?;
376                 } else {
377                     write!(f, "(")?;
378                     f.write_joined(&*substs.0, ", ")?;
379                     write!(f, ")")?;
380                 }
381             }
382             TyKind::Function(fn_ptr) => {
383                 let sig = CallableSig::from_fn_ptr(fn_ptr);
384                 sig.hir_fmt(f)?;
385             }
386             TyKind::FnDef(def, parameters) => {
387                 let def = from_chalk(f.db, *def);
388                 let sig = f.db.callable_item_signature(def).subst(parameters);
389                 match def {
390                     CallableDefId::FunctionId(ff) => {
391                         write!(f, "fn {}", f.db.function_data(ff).name)?
392                     }
393                     CallableDefId::StructId(s) => write!(f, "{}", f.db.struct_data(s).name)?,
394                     CallableDefId::EnumVariantId(e) => {
395                         write!(f, "{}", f.db.enum_data(e.parent).variants[e.local_id].name)?
396                     }
397                 };
398                 if parameters.len() > 0 {
399                     let generics = generics(f.db.upcast(), def.into());
400                     let (parent_params, self_param, type_params, _impl_trait_params) =
401                         generics.provenance_split();
402                     let total_len = parent_params + self_param + type_params;
403                     // We print all params except implicit impl Trait params. Still a bit weird; should we leave out parent and self?
404                     if total_len > 0 {
405                         write!(f, "<")?;
406                         f.write_joined(&parameters.0[..total_len], ", ")?;
407                         write!(f, ">")?;
408                     }
409                 }
410                 write!(f, "(")?;
411                 f.write_joined(sig.params(), ", ")?;
412                 write!(f, ")")?;
413                 let ret = sig.ret();
414                 if *ret != Ty::unit() {
415                     let ret_display = ret.into_displayable(
416                         f.db,
417                         f.max_size,
418                         f.omit_verbose_types,
419                         f.display_target,
420                     );
421
422                     write!(f, " -> {}", ret_display)?;
423                 }
424             }
425             TyKind::Adt(AdtId(def_id), parameters) => {
426                 match f.display_target {
427                     DisplayTarget::Diagnostics | DisplayTarget::Test => {
428                         let name = match *def_id {
429                             hir_def::AdtId::StructId(it) => f.db.struct_data(it).name.clone(),
430                             hir_def::AdtId::UnionId(it) => f.db.union_data(it).name.clone(),
431                             hir_def::AdtId::EnumId(it) => f.db.enum_data(it).name.clone(),
432                         };
433                         write!(f, "{}", name)?;
434                     }
435                     DisplayTarget::SourceCode { module_id } => {
436                         if let Some(path) = find_path::find_path(
437                             f.db.upcast(),
438                             ItemInNs::Types((*def_id).into()),
439                             module_id,
440                         ) {
441                             write!(f, "{}", path)?;
442                         } else {
443                             return Err(HirDisplayError::DisplaySourceCodeError(
444                                 DisplaySourceCodeError::PathNotFound,
445                             ));
446                         }
447                     }
448                 }
449
450                 if parameters.len() > 0 {
451                     let parameters_to_write = if f.display_target.is_source_code()
452                         || f.omit_verbose_types()
453                     {
454                         match self
455                             .as_generic_def(f.db)
456                             .map(|generic_def_id| f.db.generic_defaults(generic_def_id))
457                             .filter(|defaults| !defaults.is_empty())
458                         {
459                             None => parameters.0.as_ref(),
460                             Some(default_parameters) => {
461                                 let mut default_from = 0;
462                                 for (i, parameter) in parameters.iter().enumerate() {
463                                     match (parameter.interned(&Interner), default_parameters.get(i))
464                                     {
465                                         (&TyKind::Unknown, _) | (_, None) => {
466                                             default_from = i + 1;
467                                         }
468                                         (_, Some(default_parameter)) => {
469                                             let actual_default = default_parameter
470                                                 .clone()
471                                                 .subst(&parameters.prefix(i));
472                                             if parameter != &actual_default {
473                                                 default_from = i + 1;
474                                             }
475                                         }
476                                     }
477                                 }
478                                 &parameters.0[0..default_from]
479                             }
480                         }
481                     } else {
482                         parameters.0.as_ref()
483                     };
484                     if !parameters_to_write.is_empty() {
485                         write!(f, "<")?;
486                         f.write_joined(parameters_to_write, ", ")?;
487                         write!(f, ">")?;
488                     }
489                 }
490             }
491             TyKind::AssociatedType(assoc_type_id, parameters) => {
492                 let type_alias = from_assoc_type_id(*assoc_type_id);
493                 let trait_ = match type_alias.lookup(f.db.upcast()).container {
494                     AssocContainerId::TraitId(it) => it,
495                     _ => panic!("not an associated type"),
496                 };
497                 let trait_ = f.db.trait_data(trait_);
498                 let type_alias_data = f.db.type_alias_data(type_alias);
499
500                 // Use placeholder associated types when the target is test (https://rust-lang.github.io/chalk/book/clauses/type_equality.html#placeholder-associated-types)
501                 if f.display_target.is_test() {
502                     write!(f, "{}::{}", trait_.name, type_alias_data.name)?;
503                     if parameters.len() > 0 {
504                         write!(f, "<")?;
505                         f.write_joined(&*parameters.0, ", ")?;
506                         write!(f, ">")?;
507                     }
508                 } else {
509                     let projection_ty = ProjectionTy {
510                         associated_ty_id: to_assoc_type_id(type_alias),
511                         substitution: parameters.clone(),
512                     };
513
514                     projection_ty.hir_fmt(f)?;
515                 }
516             }
517             TyKind::ForeignType(type_alias) => {
518                 let type_alias = f.db.type_alias_data(from_foreign_def_id(*type_alias));
519                 write!(f, "{}", type_alias.name)?;
520             }
521             TyKind::OpaqueType(opaque_ty_id, parameters) => {
522                 let impl_trait_id = f.db.lookup_intern_impl_trait_id((*opaque_ty_id).into());
523                 match impl_trait_id {
524                     ImplTraitId::ReturnTypeImplTrait(func, idx) => {
525                         let datas =
526                             f.db.return_type_impl_traits(func).expect("impl trait id without data");
527                         let data = (*datas)
528                             .as_ref()
529                             .map(|rpit| rpit.impl_traits[idx as usize].bounds.clone());
530                         let bounds = data.subst(&parameters);
531                         write_bounds_like_dyn_trait_with_prefix("impl", &bounds.value, f)?;
532                         // FIXME: it would maybe be good to distinguish this from the alias type (when debug printing), and to show the substitution
533                     }
534                     ImplTraitId::AsyncBlockTypeImplTrait(..) => {
535                         write!(f, "impl Future<Output = ")?;
536                         parameters[0].hir_fmt(f)?;
537                         write!(f, ">")?;
538                     }
539                 }
540             }
541             TyKind::Closure(.., substs) => {
542                 let sig = substs[0].callable_sig(f.db);
543                 if let Some(sig) = sig {
544                     if sig.params().is_empty() {
545                         write!(f, "||")?;
546                     } else if f.omit_verbose_types() {
547                         write!(f, "|{}|", TYPE_HINT_TRUNCATION)?;
548                     } else {
549                         write!(f, "|")?;
550                         f.write_joined(sig.params(), ", ")?;
551                         write!(f, "|")?;
552                     };
553
554                     let ret_display = sig.ret().into_displayable(
555                         f.db,
556                         f.max_size,
557                         f.omit_verbose_types,
558                         f.display_target,
559                     );
560                     write!(f, " -> {}", ret_display)?;
561                 } else {
562                     write!(f, "{{closure}}")?;
563                 }
564             }
565             TyKind::Placeholder(idx) => {
566                 let id = from_placeholder_idx(f.db, *idx);
567                 let generics = generics(f.db.upcast(), id.parent);
568                 let param_data = &generics.params.types[id.local_id];
569                 match param_data.provenance {
570                     TypeParamProvenance::TypeParamList | TypeParamProvenance::TraitSelf => {
571                         write!(f, "{}", param_data.name.clone().unwrap_or_else(Name::missing))?
572                     }
573                     TypeParamProvenance::ArgumentImplTrait => {
574                         let substs = Substitution::type_params_for_generics(f.db, &generics);
575                         let bounds = f
576                             .db
577                             .generic_predicates(id.parent)
578                             .into_iter()
579                             .map(|pred| pred.clone().subst(&substs))
580                             .filter(|wc| match &wc {
581                                 WhereClause::Implemented(tr) => tr.self_type_parameter() == self,
582                                 WhereClause::AliasEq(AliasEq {
583                                     alias: AliasTy::Projection(proj),
584                                     ty: _,
585                                 }) => proj.self_type_parameter() == self,
586                                 _ => false,
587                             })
588                             .collect::<Vec<_>>();
589                         write_bounds_like_dyn_trait_with_prefix("impl", &bounds, f)?;
590                     }
591                 }
592             }
593             TyKind::BoundVar(idx) => write!(f, "?{}.{}", idx.debruijn.depth(), idx.index)?,
594             TyKind::Dyn(predicates) => {
595                 write_bounds_like_dyn_trait_with_prefix("dyn", predicates, f)?;
596             }
597             TyKind::Alias(AliasTy::Projection(p_ty)) => p_ty.hir_fmt(f)?,
598             TyKind::Alias(AliasTy::Opaque(opaque_ty)) => {
599                 let impl_trait_id = f.db.lookup_intern_impl_trait_id(opaque_ty.opaque_ty_id.into());
600                 match impl_trait_id {
601                     ImplTraitId::ReturnTypeImplTrait(func, idx) => {
602                         let datas =
603                             f.db.return_type_impl_traits(func).expect("impl trait id without data");
604                         let data = (*datas)
605                             .as_ref()
606                             .map(|rpit| rpit.impl_traits[idx as usize].bounds.clone());
607                         let bounds = data.subst(&opaque_ty.substitution);
608                         write_bounds_like_dyn_trait_with_prefix("impl", &bounds.value, f)?;
609                     }
610                     ImplTraitId::AsyncBlockTypeImplTrait(..) => {
611                         write!(f, "{{async block}}")?;
612                     }
613                 };
614             }
615             TyKind::Unknown => {
616                 if f.display_target.is_source_code() {
617                     return Err(HirDisplayError::DisplaySourceCodeError(
618                         DisplaySourceCodeError::UnknownType,
619                     ));
620                 }
621                 write!(f, "{{unknown}}")?;
622             }
623             TyKind::InferenceVar(..) => write!(f, "_")?,
624         }
625         Ok(())
626     }
627 }
628
629 impl HirDisplay for CallableSig {
630     fn hir_fmt(&self, f: &mut HirFormatter) -> Result<(), HirDisplayError> {
631         write!(f, "fn(")?;
632         f.write_joined(self.params(), ", ")?;
633         if self.is_varargs {
634             if self.params().is_empty() {
635                 write!(f, "...")?;
636             } else {
637                 write!(f, ", ...")?;
638             }
639         }
640         write!(f, ")")?;
641         let ret = self.ret();
642         if *ret != Ty::unit() {
643             let ret_display =
644                 ret.into_displayable(f.db, f.max_size, f.omit_verbose_types, f.display_target);
645             write!(f, " -> {}", ret_display)?;
646         }
647         Ok(())
648     }
649 }
650
651 fn fn_traits(db: &dyn DefDatabase, trait_: TraitId) -> impl Iterator<Item = TraitId> {
652     let krate = trait_.lookup(db).container.krate();
653     let fn_traits = [
654         db.lang_item(krate, "fn".into()),
655         db.lang_item(krate, "fn_mut".into()),
656         db.lang_item(krate, "fn_once".into()),
657     ];
658     // FIXME: Replace ArrayVec when into_iter is a thing on arrays
659     ArrayVec::from(fn_traits).into_iter().flatten().flat_map(|it| it.as_trait())
660 }
661
662 pub fn write_bounds_like_dyn_trait_with_prefix(
663     prefix: &str,
664     predicates: &[WhereClause],
665     f: &mut HirFormatter,
666 ) -> Result<(), HirDisplayError> {
667     write!(f, "{}", prefix)?;
668     if !predicates.is_empty() {
669         write!(f, " ")?;
670         write_bounds_like_dyn_trait(predicates, f)
671     } else {
672         Ok(())
673     }
674 }
675
676 fn write_bounds_like_dyn_trait(
677     predicates: &[WhereClause],
678     f: &mut HirFormatter,
679 ) -> Result<(), HirDisplayError> {
680     // Note: This code is written to produce nice results (i.e.
681     // corresponding to surface Rust) for types that can occur in
682     // actual Rust. It will have weird results if the predicates
683     // aren't as expected (i.e. self types = $0, projection
684     // predicates for a certain trait come after the Implemented
685     // predicate for that trait).
686     let mut first = true;
687     let mut angle_open = false;
688     let mut is_fn_trait = false;
689     for p in predicates.iter() {
690         match p {
691             WhereClause::Implemented(trait_ref) => {
692                 let trait_ = trait_ref.hir_trait_id();
693                 if !is_fn_trait {
694                     is_fn_trait = fn_traits(f.db.upcast(), trait_).any(|it| it == trait_);
695                 }
696                 if !is_fn_trait && angle_open {
697                     write!(f, ">")?;
698                     angle_open = false;
699                 }
700                 if !first {
701                     write!(f, " + ")?;
702                 }
703                 // We assume that the self type is $0 (i.e. the
704                 // existential) here, which is the only thing that's
705                 // possible in actual Rust, and hence don't print it
706                 write!(f, "{}", f.db.trait_data(trait_).name)?;
707                 if let [_, params @ ..] = &*trait_ref.substitution.0 {
708                     if is_fn_trait {
709                         if let Some(args) = params.first().and_then(|it| it.as_tuple()) {
710                             write!(f, "(")?;
711                             f.write_joined(&*args.0, ", ")?;
712                             write!(f, ")")?;
713                         }
714                     } else if !params.is_empty() {
715                         write!(f, "<")?;
716                         f.write_joined(params, ", ")?;
717                         // there might be assoc type bindings, so we leave the angle brackets open
718                         angle_open = true;
719                     }
720                 }
721             }
722             WhereClause::AliasEq(alias_eq) if is_fn_trait => {
723                 is_fn_trait = false;
724                 write!(f, " -> ")?;
725                 alias_eq.ty.hir_fmt(f)?;
726             }
727             WhereClause::AliasEq(AliasEq { ty, alias }) => {
728                 // in types in actual Rust, these will always come
729                 // after the corresponding Implemented predicate
730                 if angle_open {
731                     write!(f, ", ")?;
732                 } else {
733                     write!(f, "<")?;
734                     angle_open = true;
735                 }
736                 if let AliasTy::Projection(proj) = alias {
737                     let type_alias =
738                         f.db.type_alias_data(from_assoc_type_id(proj.associated_ty_id));
739                     write!(f, "{} = ", type_alias.name)?;
740                 }
741                 ty.hir_fmt(f)?;
742             }
743         }
744         first = false;
745     }
746     if angle_open {
747         write!(f, ">")?;
748     }
749     Ok(())
750 }
751
752 impl TraitRef {
753     fn hir_fmt_ext(&self, f: &mut HirFormatter, use_as: bool) -> Result<(), HirDisplayError> {
754         if f.should_truncate() {
755             return write!(f, "{}", TYPE_HINT_TRUNCATION);
756         }
757
758         self.substitution[0].hir_fmt(f)?;
759         if use_as {
760             write!(f, " as ")?;
761         } else {
762             write!(f, ": ")?;
763         }
764         write!(f, "{}", f.db.trait_data(self.hir_trait_id()).name)?;
765         if self.substitution.len() > 1 {
766             write!(f, "<")?;
767             f.write_joined(&self.substitution[1..], ", ")?;
768             write!(f, ">")?;
769         }
770         Ok(())
771     }
772 }
773
774 impl HirDisplay for TraitRef {
775     fn hir_fmt(&self, f: &mut HirFormatter) -> Result<(), HirDisplayError> {
776         self.hir_fmt_ext(f, false)
777     }
778 }
779
780 impl HirDisplay for WhereClause {
781     fn hir_fmt(&self, f: &mut HirFormatter) -> Result<(), HirDisplayError> {
782         if f.should_truncate() {
783             return write!(f, "{}", TYPE_HINT_TRUNCATION);
784         }
785
786         match self {
787             WhereClause::Implemented(trait_ref) => trait_ref.hir_fmt(f)?,
788             WhereClause::AliasEq(AliasEq { alias: AliasTy::Projection(projection_ty), ty }) => {
789                 write!(f, "<")?;
790                 projection_ty.trait_ref(f.db).hir_fmt_ext(f, true)?;
791                 write!(
792                     f,
793                     ">::{} = ",
794                     f.db.type_alias_data(from_assoc_type_id(projection_ty.associated_ty_id)).name,
795                 )?;
796                 ty.hir_fmt(f)?;
797             }
798             WhereClause::AliasEq(_) => write!(f, "{{error}}")?,
799         }
800         Ok(())
801     }
802 }
803
804 impl HirDisplay for Lifetime {
805     fn hir_fmt(&self, f: &mut HirFormatter) -> Result<(), HirDisplayError> {
806         match self {
807             Lifetime::Parameter(id) => {
808                 let generics = generics(f.db.upcast(), id.parent);
809                 let param_data = &generics.params.lifetimes[id.local_id];
810                 write!(f, "{}", &param_data.name)
811             }
812             Lifetime::Static => write!(f, "'static"),
813         }
814     }
815 }
816
817 impl HirDisplay for DomainGoal {
818     fn hir_fmt(&self, f: &mut HirFormatter) -> Result<(), HirDisplayError> {
819         match self {
820             DomainGoal::Holds(wc) => {
821                 write!(f, "Holds(")?;
822                 wc.hir_fmt(f)?;
823                 write!(f, ")")
824             }
825         }
826     }
827 }
828
829 pub fn write_visibility(
830     module_id: ModuleId,
831     vis: Visibility,
832     f: &mut HirFormatter,
833 ) -> Result<(), HirDisplayError> {
834     match vis {
835         Visibility::Public => write!(f, "pub "),
836         Visibility::Module(vis_id) => {
837             let def_map = module_id.def_map(f.db.upcast());
838             let root_module_id = def_map.module_id(def_map.root());
839             if vis_id == module_id {
840                 // pub(self) or omitted
841                 Ok(())
842             } else if root_module_id == vis_id {
843                 write!(f, "pub(crate) ")
844             } else if module_id.containing_module(f.db.upcast()) == Some(vis_id) {
845                 write!(f, "pub(super) ")
846             } else {
847                 write!(f, "pub(in ...) ")
848             }
849         }
850     }
851 }
852
853 impl HirDisplay for TypeRef {
854     fn hir_fmt(&self, f: &mut HirFormatter) -> Result<(), HirDisplayError> {
855         match self {
856             TypeRef::Never => write!(f, "!")?,
857             TypeRef::Placeholder => write!(f, "_")?,
858             TypeRef::Tuple(elems) => {
859                 write!(f, "(")?;
860                 f.write_joined(elems, ", ")?;
861                 if elems.len() == 1 {
862                     write!(f, ",")?;
863                 }
864                 write!(f, ")")?;
865             }
866             TypeRef::Path(path) => path.hir_fmt(f)?,
867             TypeRef::RawPtr(inner, mutability) => {
868                 let mutability = match mutability {
869                     hir_def::type_ref::Mutability::Shared => "*const ",
870                     hir_def::type_ref::Mutability::Mut => "*mut ",
871                 };
872                 write!(f, "{}", mutability)?;
873                 inner.hir_fmt(f)?;
874             }
875             TypeRef::Reference(inner, lifetime, mutability) => {
876                 let mutability = match mutability {
877                     hir_def::type_ref::Mutability::Shared => "",
878                     hir_def::type_ref::Mutability::Mut => "mut ",
879                 };
880                 write!(f, "&")?;
881                 if let Some(lifetime) = lifetime {
882                     write!(f, "{} ", lifetime.name)?;
883                 }
884                 write!(f, "{}", mutability)?;
885                 inner.hir_fmt(f)?;
886             }
887             TypeRef::Array(inner) => {
888                 write!(f, "[")?;
889                 inner.hir_fmt(f)?;
890                 // FIXME: Array length?
891                 write!(f, "; _]")?;
892             }
893             TypeRef::Slice(inner) => {
894                 write!(f, "[")?;
895                 inner.hir_fmt(f)?;
896                 write!(f, "]")?;
897             }
898             TypeRef::Fn(tys, is_varargs) => {
899                 // FIXME: Function pointer qualifiers.
900                 write!(f, "fn(")?;
901                 f.write_joined(&tys[..tys.len() - 1], ", ")?;
902                 if *is_varargs {
903                     write!(f, "{}...", if tys.len() == 1 { "" } else { ", " })?;
904                 }
905                 write!(f, ")")?;
906                 let ret_ty = tys.last().unwrap();
907                 match ret_ty {
908                     TypeRef::Tuple(tup) if tup.is_empty() => {}
909                     _ => {
910                         write!(f, " -> ")?;
911                         ret_ty.hir_fmt(f)?;
912                     }
913                 }
914             }
915             TypeRef::ImplTrait(bounds) => {
916                 write!(f, "impl ")?;
917                 f.write_joined(bounds, " + ")?;
918             }
919             TypeRef::DynTrait(bounds) => {
920                 write!(f, "dyn ")?;
921                 f.write_joined(bounds, " + ")?;
922             }
923             TypeRef::Error => write!(f, "{{error}}")?,
924         }
925         Ok(())
926     }
927 }
928
929 impl HirDisplay for TypeBound {
930     fn hir_fmt(&self, f: &mut HirFormatter) -> Result<(), HirDisplayError> {
931         match self {
932             TypeBound::Path(path) => path.hir_fmt(f),
933             TypeBound::Lifetime(lifetime) => write!(f, "{}", lifetime.name),
934             TypeBound::Error => write!(f, "{{error}}"),
935         }
936     }
937 }
938
939 impl HirDisplay for Path {
940     fn hir_fmt(&self, f: &mut HirFormatter) -> Result<(), HirDisplayError> {
941         match (self.type_anchor(), self.kind()) {
942             (Some(anchor), _) => {
943                 write!(f, "<")?;
944                 anchor.hir_fmt(f)?;
945                 write!(f, ">")?;
946             }
947             (_, PathKind::Plain) => {}
948             (_, PathKind::Abs) => write!(f, "::")?,
949             (_, PathKind::Crate) => write!(f, "crate")?,
950             (_, PathKind::Super(0)) => write!(f, "self")?,
951             (_, PathKind::Super(n)) => {
952                 write!(f, "super")?;
953                 for _ in 0..*n {
954                     write!(f, "::super")?;
955                 }
956             }
957             (_, PathKind::DollarCrate(_)) => write!(f, "{{extern_crate}}")?,
958         }
959
960         for (seg_idx, segment) in self.segments().iter().enumerate() {
961             if seg_idx != 0 {
962                 write!(f, "::")?;
963             }
964             write!(f, "{}", segment.name)?;
965             if let Some(generic_args) = segment.args_and_bindings {
966                 // We should be in type context, so format as `Foo<Bar>` instead of `Foo::<Bar>`.
967                 // Do we actually format expressions?
968                 write!(f, "<")?;
969                 let mut first = true;
970                 for arg in &generic_args.args {
971                     if first {
972                         first = false;
973                         if generic_args.has_self_type {
974                             // FIXME: Convert to `<Ty as Trait>` form.
975                             write!(f, "Self = ")?;
976                         }
977                     } else {
978                         write!(f, ", ")?;
979                     }
980                     arg.hir_fmt(f)?;
981                 }
982                 for binding in &generic_args.bindings {
983                     if first {
984                         first = false;
985                     } else {
986                         write!(f, ", ")?;
987                     }
988                     write!(f, "{}", binding.name)?;
989                     match &binding.type_ref {
990                         Some(ty) => {
991                             write!(f, " = ")?;
992                             ty.hir_fmt(f)?
993                         }
994                         None => {
995                             write!(f, ": ")?;
996                             f.write_joined(&binding.bounds, " + ")?;
997                         }
998                     }
999                 }
1000                 write!(f, ">")?;
1001             }
1002         }
1003         Ok(())
1004     }
1005 }
1006
1007 impl HirDisplay for GenericArg {
1008     fn hir_fmt(&self, f: &mut HirFormatter) -> Result<(), HirDisplayError> {
1009         match self {
1010             GenericArg::Type(ty) => ty.hir_fmt(f),
1011             GenericArg::Lifetime(lifetime) => write!(f, "{}", lifetime.name),
1012         }
1013     }
1014 }