1 //! Check properties that are required by built-in traits and set
2 //! up data structures required by type-checking/codegen.
4 use crate::errors::{CopyImplOnNonAdt, CopyImplOnTypeWithDtor, DropImplOnWrongItem};
5 use rustc_errors::{struct_span_err, MultiSpan};
7 use rustc_hir::def_id::{DefId, LocalDefId};
8 use rustc_hir::lang_items::LangItem;
9 use rustc_hir::ItemKind;
10 use rustc_infer::infer;
11 use rustc_infer::infer::outlives::env::OutlivesEnvironment;
12 use rustc_infer::infer::TyCtxtInferExt;
13 use rustc_middle::ty::adjustment::CoerceUnsizedInfo;
14 use rustc_middle::ty::{self, suggest_constraining_type_params, Ty, TyCtxt, TypeVisitable};
15 use rustc_trait_selection::traits::error_reporting::InferCtxtExt;
16 use rustc_trait_selection::traits::misc::{can_type_implement_copy, CopyImplementationError};
17 use rustc_trait_selection::traits::predicate_for_trait_def;
18 use rustc_trait_selection::traits::{self, ObligationCause};
19 use std::collections::BTreeMap;
21 pub fn check_trait(tcx: TyCtxt<'_>, trait_def_id: DefId) {
22 let lang_items = tcx.lang_items();
23 Checker { tcx, trait_def_id }
24 .check(lang_items.drop_trait(), visit_implementation_of_drop)
25 .check(lang_items.copy_trait(), visit_implementation_of_copy)
26 .check(lang_items.coerce_unsized_trait(), visit_implementation_of_coerce_unsized)
27 .check(lang_items.dispatch_from_dyn_trait(), visit_implementation_of_dispatch_from_dyn);
30 struct Checker<'tcx> {
35 impl<'tcx> Checker<'tcx> {
36 fn check<F>(&self, trait_def_id: Option<DefId>, mut f: F) -> &Self
38 F: FnMut(TyCtxt<'tcx>, LocalDefId),
40 if Some(self.trait_def_id) == trait_def_id {
41 for &impl_def_id in self.tcx.hir().trait_impls(self.trait_def_id) {
42 f(self.tcx, impl_def_id);
49 fn visit_implementation_of_drop(tcx: TyCtxt<'_>, impl_did: LocalDefId) {
50 // Destructors only work on local ADT types.
51 match tcx.type_of(impl_did).kind() {
52 ty::Adt(def, _) if def.did().is_local() => return,
53 ty::Error(_) => return,
57 let sp = match tcx.hir().expect_item(impl_did).kind {
58 ItemKind::Impl(ref impl_) => impl_.self_ty.span,
59 _ => bug!("expected Drop impl item"),
62 tcx.sess.emit_err(DropImplOnWrongItem { span: sp });
65 fn visit_implementation_of_copy(tcx: TyCtxt<'_>, impl_did: LocalDefId) {
66 debug!("visit_implementation_of_copy: impl_did={:?}", impl_did);
68 let impl_hir_id = tcx.hir().local_def_id_to_hir_id(impl_did);
70 let self_type = tcx.type_of(impl_did);
71 debug!("visit_implementation_of_copy: self_type={:?} (bound)", self_type);
73 let param_env = tcx.param_env(impl_did);
74 assert!(!self_type.has_escaping_bound_vars());
76 debug!("visit_implementation_of_copy: self_type={:?} (free)", self_type);
78 let span = match tcx.hir().expect_item(impl_did).kind {
79 ItemKind::Impl(hir::Impl { polarity: hir::ImplPolarity::Negative(_), .. }) => return,
80 ItemKind::Impl(impl_) => impl_.self_ty.span,
81 _ => bug!("expected Copy impl item"),
84 let cause = traits::ObligationCause::misc(span, impl_hir_id);
85 match can_type_implement_copy(tcx, param_env, self_type, cause) {
87 Err(CopyImplementationError::InfrigingFields(fields)) => {
88 let mut err = struct_span_err!(
92 "the trait `Copy` may not be implemented for this type"
95 // We'll try to suggest constraining type parameters to fulfill the requirements of
96 // their `Copy` implementation.
97 let mut errors: BTreeMap<_, Vec<_>> = Default::default();
98 let mut bounds = vec![];
100 for (field, ty) in fields {
101 let field_span = tcx.def_span(field.did);
102 let field_ty_span = match tcx.hir().get_if_local(field.did) {
103 Some(hir::Node::Field(field_def)) => field_def.ty.span,
106 err.span_label(field_span, "this field does not implement `Copy`");
107 // Spin up a new FulfillmentContext, so we can get the _precise_ reason
108 // why this field does not implement Copy. This is useful because sometimes
109 // it is not immediately clear why Copy is not implemented for a field, since
110 // all we point at is the field itself.
111 tcx.infer_ctxt().ignoring_regions().enter(|infcx| {
112 for error in traits::fully_solve_bound(
114 traits::ObligationCause::dummy_with_span(field_ty_span),
117 tcx.lang_items().copy_trait().unwrap(),
119 let error_predicate = error.obligation.predicate;
120 // Only note if it's not the root obligation, otherwise it's trivial and
121 // should be self-explanatory (i.e. a field literally doesn't implement Copy).
123 // FIXME: This error could be more descriptive, especially if the error_predicate
124 // contains a foreign type or if it's a deeply nested type...
125 if error_predicate != error.root_obligation.predicate {
127 .entry((ty.to_string(), error_predicate.to_string()))
129 .push(error.obligation.cause.span);
131 if let ty::PredicateKind::Trait(ty::TraitPredicate {
133 polarity: ty::ImplPolarity::Positive,
135 }) = error_predicate.kind().skip_binder()
137 let ty = trait_ref.self_ty();
138 if let ty::Param(_) = ty.kind() {
141 trait_ref.print_only_trait_path().to_string(),
142 Some(trait_ref.def_id),
149 for ((ty, error_predicate), spans) in errors {
150 let span: MultiSpan = spans.into();
153 &format!("the `Copy` impl for `{}` requires that `{}`", ty, error_predicate),
156 suggest_constraining_type_params(
158 tcx.hir().get_generics(impl_did).expect("impls always have generics"),
160 bounds.iter().map(|(param, constraint, def_id)| {
161 (param.as_str(), constraint.as_str(), *def_id)
166 Err(CopyImplementationError::NotAnAdt) => {
167 tcx.sess.emit_err(CopyImplOnNonAdt { span });
169 Err(CopyImplementationError::HasDestructor) => {
170 tcx.sess.emit_err(CopyImplOnTypeWithDtor { span });
175 fn visit_implementation_of_coerce_unsized<'tcx>(tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>, impl_did: LocalDefId) {
176 debug!("visit_implementation_of_coerce_unsized: impl_did={:?}", impl_did);
178 // Just compute this for the side-effects, in particular reporting
179 // errors; other parts of the code may demand it for the info of
181 let span = tcx.def_span(impl_did);
182 tcx.at(span).coerce_unsized_info(impl_did);
185 fn visit_implementation_of_dispatch_from_dyn<'tcx>(tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>, impl_did: LocalDefId) {
186 debug!("visit_implementation_of_dispatch_from_dyn: impl_did={:?}", impl_did);
188 let impl_hir_id = tcx.hir().local_def_id_to_hir_id(impl_did);
189 let span = tcx.hir().span(impl_hir_id);
191 let dispatch_from_dyn_trait = tcx.require_lang_item(LangItem::DispatchFromDyn, Some(span));
193 let source = tcx.type_of(impl_did);
194 assert!(!source.has_escaping_bound_vars());
196 let trait_ref = tcx.impl_trait_ref(impl_did).unwrap();
197 assert_eq!(trait_ref.def_id, dispatch_from_dyn_trait);
199 trait_ref.substs.type_at(1)
202 debug!("visit_implementation_of_dispatch_from_dyn: {:?} -> {:?}", source, target);
204 let param_env = tcx.param_env(impl_did);
206 let create_err = |msg: &str| struct_span_err!(tcx.sess, span, E0378, "{}", msg);
208 tcx.infer_ctxt().enter(|infcx| {
209 let cause = ObligationCause::misc(span, impl_hir_id);
211 use rustc_type_ir::sty::TyKind::*;
212 match (source.kind(), target.kind()) {
213 (&Ref(r_a, _, mutbl_a), Ref(r_b, _, mutbl_b))
214 if infcx.at(&cause, param_env).eq(r_a, *r_b).is_ok() && mutbl_a == *mutbl_b => {}
215 (&RawPtr(tm_a), &RawPtr(tm_b)) if tm_a.mutbl == tm_b.mutbl => (),
216 (&Adt(def_a, substs_a), &Adt(def_b, substs_b))
217 if def_a.is_struct() && def_b.is_struct() =>
220 let source_path = tcx.def_path_str(def_a.did());
221 let target_path = tcx.def_path_str(def_b.did());
224 "the trait `DispatchFromDyn` may only be implemented \
225 for a coercion between structures with the same \
226 definition; expected `{}`, found `{}`",
227 source_path, target_path,
234 if def_a.repr().c() || def_a.repr().packed() {
236 "structs implementing `DispatchFromDyn` may not have \
237 `#[repr(packed)]` or `#[repr(C)]`",
242 let fields = &def_a.non_enum_variant().fields;
244 let coerced_fields = fields
247 let ty_a = field.ty(tcx, substs_a);
248 let ty_b = field.ty(tcx, substs_b);
250 if let Ok(layout) = tcx.layout_of(param_env.and(ty_a)) {
251 if layout.is_zst() && layout.align.abi.bytes() == 1 {
252 // ignore ZST fields with alignment of 1 byte
257 if let Ok(ok) = infcx.at(&cause, param_env).eq(ty_a, ty_b) {
258 if ok.obligations.is_empty() {
260 "the trait `DispatchFromDyn` may only be implemented \
261 for structs containing the field being coerced, \
262 ZST fields with 1 byte alignment, and nothing else",
265 "extra field `{}` of type `{}` is not allowed",
276 .collect::<Vec<_>>();
278 if coerced_fields.is_empty() {
280 "the trait `DispatchFromDyn` may only be implemented \
281 for a coercion between structures with a single field \
282 being coerced, none found",
285 } else if coerced_fields.len() > 1 {
287 "implementing the `DispatchFromDyn` trait requires multiple coercions",
290 "the trait `DispatchFromDyn` may only be implemented \
291 for a coercion between structures with a single field \
295 "currently, {} fields need coercions: {}",
296 coerced_fields.len(),
301 "`{}` (`{}` to `{}`)",
303 field.ty(tcx, substs_a),
304 field.ty(tcx, substs_b),
312 let errors = traits::fully_solve_obligations(
314 coerced_fields.into_iter().map(|field| {
315 predicate_for_trait_def(
319 dispatch_from_dyn_trait,
321 field.ty(tcx, substs_a),
322 &[field.ty(tcx, substs_b).into()],
326 if !errors.is_empty() {
327 infcx.report_fulfillment_errors(&errors, None, false);
330 // Finally, resolve all regions.
331 let outlives_env = OutlivesEnvironment::new(param_env);
332 infcx.check_region_obligations_and_report_errors(impl_did, &outlives_env);
337 "the trait `DispatchFromDyn` may only be implemented \
338 for a coercion between structures",
346 pub fn coerce_unsized_info<'tcx>(tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>, impl_did: DefId) -> CoerceUnsizedInfo {
347 debug!("compute_coerce_unsized_info(impl_did={:?})", impl_did);
349 // this provider should only get invoked for local def-ids
350 let impl_did = impl_did.expect_local();
351 let span = tcx.def_span(impl_did);
353 let coerce_unsized_trait = tcx.require_lang_item(LangItem::CoerceUnsized, Some(span));
355 let unsize_trait = tcx.lang_items().require(LangItem::Unsize).unwrap_or_else(|err| {
356 tcx.sess.fatal(&format!("`CoerceUnsized` implementation {}", err.to_string()));
359 let source = tcx.type_of(impl_did);
360 let trait_ref = tcx.impl_trait_ref(impl_did).unwrap();
361 assert_eq!(trait_ref.def_id, coerce_unsized_trait);
362 let target = trait_ref.substs.type_at(1);
363 debug!("visit_implementation_of_coerce_unsized: {:?} -> {:?} (bound)", source, target);
365 let param_env = tcx.param_env(impl_did);
366 assert!(!source.has_escaping_bound_vars());
368 let err_info = CoerceUnsizedInfo { custom_kind: None };
370 debug!("visit_implementation_of_coerce_unsized: {:?} -> {:?} (free)", source, target);
372 tcx.infer_ctxt().enter(|infcx| {
373 let impl_hir_id = tcx.hir().local_def_id_to_hir_id(impl_did);
374 let cause = ObligationCause::misc(span, impl_hir_id);
375 let check_mutbl = |mt_a: ty::TypeAndMut<'tcx>,
376 mt_b: ty::TypeAndMut<'tcx>,
377 mk_ptr: &dyn Fn(Ty<'tcx>) -> Ty<'tcx>| {
378 if (mt_a.mutbl, mt_b.mutbl) == (hir::Mutability::Not, hir::Mutability::Mut) {
380 .report_mismatched_types(
384 ty::error::TypeError::Mutability,
388 (mt_a.ty, mt_b.ty, unsize_trait, None)
390 let (source, target, trait_def_id, kind) = match (source.kind(), target.kind()) {
391 (&ty::Ref(r_a, ty_a, mutbl_a), &ty::Ref(r_b, ty_b, mutbl_b)) => {
392 infcx.sub_regions(infer::RelateObjectBound(span), r_b, r_a);
393 let mt_a = ty::TypeAndMut { ty: ty_a, mutbl: mutbl_a };
394 let mt_b = ty::TypeAndMut { ty: ty_b, mutbl: mutbl_b };
395 check_mutbl(mt_a, mt_b, &|ty| tcx.mk_imm_ref(r_b, ty))
398 (&ty::Ref(_, ty_a, mutbl_a), &ty::RawPtr(mt_b)) => {
399 let mt_a = ty::TypeAndMut { ty: ty_a, mutbl: mutbl_a };
400 check_mutbl(mt_a, mt_b, &|ty| tcx.mk_imm_ptr(ty))
403 (&ty::RawPtr(mt_a), &ty::RawPtr(mt_b)) => {
404 check_mutbl(mt_a, mt_b, &|ty| tcx.mk_imm_ptr(ty))
407 (&ty::Adt(def_a, substs_a), &ty::Adt(def_b, substs_b))
408 if def_a.is_struct() && def_b.is_struct() =>
411 let source_path = tcx.def_path_str(def_a.did());
412 let target_path = tcx.def_path_str(def_b.did());
417 "the trait `CoerceUnsized` may only be implemented \
418 for a coercion between structures with the same \
419 definition; expected `{}`, found `{}`",
427 // Here we are considering a case of converting
428 // `S<P0...Pn>` to S<Q0...Qn>`. As an example, let's imagine a struct `Foo<T, U>`,
429 // which acts like a pointer to `U`, but carries along some extra data of type `T`:
431 // struct Foo<T, U> {
436 // We might have an impl that allows (e.g.) `Foo<T, [i32; 3]>` to be unsized
437 // to `Foo<T, [i32]>`. That impl would look like:
439 // impl<T, U: Unsize<V>, V> CoerceUnsized<Foo<T, V>> for Foo<T, U> {}
441 // Here `U = [i32; 3]` and `V = [i32]`. At runtime,
442 // when this coercion occurs, we would be changing the
443 // field `ptr` from a thin pointer of type `*mut [i32;
444 // 3]` to a fat pointer of type `*mut [i32]` (with
445 // extra data `3`). **The purpose of this check is to
446 // make sure that we know how to do this conversion.**
448 // To check if this impl is legal, we would walk down
449 // the fields of `Foo` and consider their types with
450 // both substitutes. We are looking to find that
451 // exactly one (non-phantom) field has changed its
452 // type, which we will expect to be the pointer that
453 // is becoming fat (we could probably generalize this
454 // to multiple thin pointers of the same type becoming
455 // fat, but we don't). In this case:
457 // - `extra` has type `T` before and type `T` after
458 // - `ptr` has type `*mut U` before and type `*mut V` after
460 // Since just one field changed, we would then check
461 // that `*mut U: CoerceUnsized<*mut V>` is implemented
462 // (in other words, that we know how to do this
463 // conversion). This will work out because `U:
464 // Unsize<V>`, and we have a builtin rule that `*mut
465 // U` can be coerced to `*mut V` if `U: Unsize<V>`.
466 let fields = &def_a.non_enum_variant().fields;
467 let diff_fields = fields
470 .filter_map(|(i, f)| {
471 let (a, b) = (f.ty(tcx, substs_a), f.ty(tcx, substs_b));
473 if tcx.type_of(f.did).is_phantom_data() {
474 // Ignore PhantomData fields
478 // Ignore fields that aren't changed; it may
479 // be that we could get away with subtyping or
480 // something more accepting, but we use
481 // equality because we want to be able to
482 // perform this check without computing
483 // variance where possible. (This is because
484 // we may have to evaluate constraint
485 // expressions in the course of execution.)
487 if let Ok(ok) = infcx.at(&cause, param_env).eq(a, b) {
488 if ok.obligations.is_empty() {
493 // Collect up all fields that were significantly changed
494 // i.e., those that contain T in coerce_unsized T -> U
497 .collect::<Vec<_>>();
499 if diff_fields.is_empty() {
504 "the trait `CoerceUnsized` may only be implemented \
505 for a coercion between structures with one field \
506 being coerced, none found"
510 } else if diff_fields.len() > 1 {
511 let item = tcx.hir().expect_item(impl_did);
512 let span = if let ItemKind::Impl(hir::Impl { of_trait: Some(ref t), .. }) =
517 tcx.def_span(impl_did)
524 "implementing the trait \
525 `CoerceUnsized` requires multiple \
529 "`CoerceUnsized` may only be implemented for \
530 a coercion between structures with one field being coerced",
533 "currently, {} fields need coercions: {}",
538 format!("`{}` (`{}` to `{}`)", fields[i].name, a, b)
543 .span_label(span, "requires multiple coercions")
548 let (i, a, b) = diff_fields[0];
549 let kind = ty::adjustment::CustomCoerceUnsized::Struct(i);
550 (a, b, coerce_unsized_trait, Some(kind))
558 "the trait `CoerceUnsized` may only be implemented \
559 for a coercion between structures"
566 // Register an obligation for `A: Trait<B>`.
567 let cause = traits::ObligationCause::misc(span, impl_hir_id);
568 let predicate = predicate_for_trait_def(
577 let errors = traits::fully_solve_obligation(&infcx, predicate);
578 if !errors.is_empty() {
579 infcx.report_fulfillment_errors(&errors, None, false);
582 // Finally, resolve all regions.
583 let outlives_env = OutlivesEnvironment::new(param_env);
584 infcx.check_region_obligations_and_report_errors(impl_did, &outlives_env);
586 CoerceUnsizedInfo { custom_kind: kind }