1 use crate::check::FnCtxt;
4 use rustc_data_structures::fx::FxHashMap;
6 pluralize, struct_span_err, Applicability, Diagnostic, DiagnosticBuilder, ErrorReported,
9 use rustc_hir::def::{CtorKind, DefKind, Res};
10 use rustc_hir::pat_util::EnumerateAndAdjustIterator;
11 use rustc_hir::{HirId, Pat, PatKind};
12 use rustc_infer::infer;
13 use rustc_infer::infer::type_variable::{TypeVariableOrigin, TypeVariableOriginKind};
14 use rustc_middle::ty::{self, Adt, BindingMode, Ty, TypeFoldable};
15 use rustc_session::lint::builtin::NON_EXHAUSTIVE_OMITTED_PATTERNS;
16 use rustc_span::hygiene::DesugaringKind;
17 use rustc_span::lev_distance::find_best_match_for_name;
18 use rustc_span::source_map::{Span, Spanned};
19 use rustc_span::symbol::{sym, Ident};
20 use rustc_span::{BytePos, MultiSpan, DUMMY_SP};
21 use rustc_trait_selection::autoderef::Autoderef;
22 use rustc_trait_selection::traits::{ObligationCause, Pattern};
26 use std::collections::hash_map::Entry::{Occupied, Vacant};
28 use super::report_unexpected_variant_res;
30 const CANNOT_IMPLICITLY_DEREF_POINTER_TRAIT_OBJ: &str = "\
31 This error indicates that a pointer to a trait type cannot be implicitly dereferenced by a \
32 pattern. Every trait defines a type, but because the size of trait implementors isn't fixed, \
33 this type has no compile-time size. Therefore, all accesses to trait types must be through \
34 pointers. If you encounter this error you should try to avoid dereferencing the pointer.
36 You can read more about trait objects in the Trait Objects section of the Reference: \
37 https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/types.html#trait-objects";
39 /// Information about the expected type at the top level of type checking a pattern.
41 /// **NOTE:** This is only for use by diagnostics. Do NOT use for type checking logic!
42 #[derive(Copy, Clone)]
43 struct TopInfo<'tcx> {
44 /// The `expected` type at the top level of type checking a pattern.
46 /// Was the origin of the `span` from a scrutinee expression?
48 /// Otherwise there is no scrutinee and it could be e.g. from the type of a formal parameter.
50 /// The span giving rise to the `expected` type, if one could be provided.
52 /// If `origin_expr` is `true`, then this is the span of the scrutinee as in:
54 /// - `match scrutinee { ... }`
55 /// - `let _ = scrutinee;`
57 /// This is used to point to add context in type errors.
58 /// In the following example, `span` corresponds to the `a + b` expression:
61 /// error[E0308]: mismatched types
62 /// --> src/main.rs:L:C
64 /// L | let temp: usize = match a + b {
65 /// | ----- this expression has type `usize`
66 /// L | Ok(num) => num,
67 /// | ^^^^^^^ expected `usize`, found enum `std::result::Result`
69 /// = note: expected type `usize`
70 /// found type `std::result::Result<_, _>`
73 /// This refers to the parent pattern. Used to provide extra diagnostic information on errors.
75 /// error[E0308]: mismatched types
76 /// --> $DIR/const-in-struct-pat.rs:8:17
79 /// | --------- unit struct defined here
81 /// L | let Thing { f } = t;
84 /// | expected struct `std::string::String`, found struct `f`
85 /// | `f` is interpreted as a unit struct, not a new binding
86 /// | help: bind the struct field to a different name instead: `f: other_f`
88 parent_pat: Option<&'tcx Pat<'tcx>>,
91 impl<'tcx> FnCtxt<'_, 'tcx> {
92 fn pattern_cause(&self, ti: TopInfo<'tcx>, cause_span: Span) -> ObligationCause<'tcx> {
93 let code = Pattern { span: ti.span, root_ty: ti.expected, origin_expr: ti.origin_expr };
94 self.cause(cause_span, code)
97 fn demand_eqtype_pat_diag(
103 ) -> Option<DiagnosticBuilder<'tcx, ErrorReported>> {
104 self.demand_eqtype_with_origin(&self.pattern_cause(ti, cause_span), expected, actual)
107 fn demand_eqtype_pat(
114 if let Some(mut err) = self.demand_eqtype_pat_diag(cause_span, expected, actual, ti) {
120 const INITIAL_BM: BindingMode = BindingMode::BindByValue(hir::Mutability::Not);
122 /// Mode for adjusting the expected type and binding mode.
124 /// Peel off all immediate reference types.
126 /// Reset binding mode to the initial mode.
128 /// Pass on the input binding mode and expected type.
132 impl<'a, 'tcx> FnCtxt<'a, 'tcx> {
133 /// Type check the given top level pattern against the `expected` type.
135 /// If a `Some(span)` is provided and `origin_expr` holds,
136 /// then the `span` represents the scrutinee's span.
137 /// The scrutinee is found in e.g. `match scrutinee { ... }` and `let pat = scrutinee;`.
139 /// Otherwise, `Some(span)` represents the span of a type expression
140 /// which originated the `expected` type.
141 pub fn check_pat_top(
143 pat: &'tcx Pat<'tcx>,
148 let info = TopInfo { expected, origin_expr, span, parent_pat: None };
149 self.check_pat(pat, expected, INITIAL_BM, info);
152 /// Type check the given `pat` against the `expected` type
153 /// with the provided `def_bm` (default binding mode).
155 /// Outside of this module, `check_pat_top` should always be used.
156 /// Conversely, inside this module, `check_pat_top` should never be used.
157 #[instrument(level = "debug", skip(self, ti))]
160 pat: &'tcx Pat<'tcx>,
165 let path_res = match &pat.kind {
166 PatKind::Path(qpath) => {
167 Some(self.resolve_ty_and_res_fully_qualified_call(qpath, pat.hir_id, pat.span))
171 let adjust_mode = self.calc_adjust_mode(pat, path_res.map(|(res, ..)| res));
172 let (expected, def_bm) = self.calc_default_binding_mode(pat, expected, def_bm, adjust_mode);
174 let ty = match pat.kind {
175 PatKind::Wild => expected,
176 PatKind::Lit(lt) => self.check_pat_lit(pat.span, lt, expected, ti),
177 PatKind::Range(lhs, rhs, _) => self.check_pat_range(pat.span, lhs, rhs, expected, ti),
178 PatKind::Binding(ba, var_id, _, sub) => {
179 self.check_pat_ident(pat, ba, var_id, sub, expected, def_bm, ti)
181 PatKind::TupleStruct(ref qpath, subpats, ddpos) => {
182 self.check_pat_tuple_struct(pat, qpath, subpats, ddpos, expected, def_bm, ti)
184 PatKind::Path(_) => self.check_pat_path(pat, path_res.unwrap(), expected, ti),
185 PatKind::Struct(ref qpath, fields, has_rest_pat) => {
186 self.check_pat_struct(pat, qpath, fields, has_rest_pat, expected, def_bm, ti)
188 PatKind::Or(pats) => {
189 let parent_pat = Some(pat);
191 self.check_pat(pat, expected, def_bm, TopInfo { parent_pat, ..ti });
195 PatKind::Tuple(elements, ddpos) => {
196 self.check_pat_tuple(pat.span, elements, ddpos, expected, def_bm, ti)
198 PatKind::Box(inner) => self.check_pat_box(pat.span, inner, expected, def_bm, ti),
199 PatKind::Ref(inner, mutbl) => {
200 self.check_pat_ref(pat, inner, mutbl, expected, def_bm, ti)
202 PatKind::Slice(before, slice, after) => {
203 self.check_pat_slice(pat.span, before, slice, after, expected, def_bm, ti)
207 self.write_ty(pat.hir_id, ty);
209 // (note_1): In most of the cases where (note_1) is referenced
210 // (literals and constants being the exception), we relate types
211 // using strict equality, even though subtyping would be sufficient.
212 // There are a few reasons for this, some of which are fairly subtle
213 // and which cost me (nmatsakis) an hour or two debugging to remember,
214 // so I thought I'd write them down this time.
216 // 1. There is no loss of expressiveness here, though it does
217 // cause some inconvenience. What we are saying is that the type
218 // of `x` becomes *exactly* what is expected. This can cause unnecessary
219 // errors in some cases, such as this one:
222 // fn foo<'x>(x: &'x i32) {
229 // The reason we might get an error is that `z` might be
230 // assigned a type like `&'x i32`, and then we would have
231 // a problem when we try to assign `&a` to `z`, because
232 // the lifetime of `&a` (i.e., the enclosing block) is
233 // shorter than `'x`.
235 // HOWEVER, this code works fine. The reason is that the
236 // expected type here is whatever type the user wrote, not
237 // the initializer's type. In this case the user wrote
238 // nothing, so we are going to create a type variable `Z`.
239 // Then we will assign the type of the initializer (`&'x i32`)
240 // as a subtype of `Z`: `&'x i32 <: Z`. And hence we
241 // will instantiate `Z` as a type `&'0 i32` where `'0` is
242 // a fresh region variable, with the constraint that `'x : '0`.
243 // So basically we're all set.
245 // Note that there are two tests to check that this remains true
246 // (`regions-reassign-{match,let}-bound-pointer.rs`).
248 // 2. Things go horribly wrong if we use subtype. The reason for
249 // THIS is a fairly subtle case involving bound regions. See the
250 // `givens` field in `region_constraints`, as well as the test
251 // `regions-relate-bound-regions-on-closures-to-inference-variables.rs`,
252 // for details. Short version is that we must sometimes detect
253 // relationships between specific region variables and regions
254 // bound in a closure signature, and that detection gets thrown
255 // off when we substitute fresh region variables here to enable
259 /// Compute the new expected type and default binding mode from the old ones
260 /// as well as the pattern form we are currently checking.
261 fn calc_default_binding_mode(
263 pat: &'tcx Pat<'tcx>,
266 adjust_mode: AdjustMode,
267 ) -> (Ty<'tcx>, BindingMode) {
269 AdjustMode::Pass => (expected, def_bm),
270 AdjustMode::Reset => (expected, INITIAL_BM),
271 AdjustMode::Peel => self.peel_off_references(pat, expected, def_bm),
275 /// How should the binding mode and expected type be adjusted?
277 /// When the pattern is a path pattern, `opt_path_res` must be `Some(res)`.
278 fn calc_adjust_mode(&self, pat: &'tcx Pat<'tcx>, opt_path_res: Option<Res>) -> AdjustMode {
279 // When we perform destructuring assignment, we disable default match bindings, which are
280 // unintuitive in this context.
281 if !pat.default_binding_modes {
282 return AdjustMode::Reset;
285 // Type checking these product-like types successfully always require
286 // that the expected type be of those types and not reference types.
288 | PatKind::TupleStruct(..)
292 | PatKind::Slice(..) => AdjustMode::Peel,
293 // String and byte-string literals result in types `&str` and `&[u8]` respectively.
294 // All other literals result in non-reference types.
295 // As a result, we allow `if let 0 = &&0 {}` but not `if let "foo" = &&"foo {}`.
297 // Call `resolve_vars_if_possible` here for inline const blocks.
298 PatKind::Lit(lt) => match self.resolve_vars_if_possible(self.check_expr(lt)).kind() {
299 ty::Ref(..) => AdjustMode::Pass,
300 _ => AdjustMode::Peel,
302 PatKind::Path(_) => match opt_path_res.unwrap() {
303 // These constants can be of a reference type, e.g. `const X: &u8 = &0;`.
304 // Peeling the reference types too early will cause type checking failures.
305 // Although it would be possible to *also* peel the types of the constants too.
306 Res::Def(DefKind::Const | DefKind::AssocConst, _) => AdjustMode::Pass,
307 // In the `ValueNS`, we have `SelfCtor(..) | Ctor(_, Const), _)` remaining which
308 // could successfully compile. The former being `Self` requires a unit struct.
309 // In either case, and unlike constants, the pattern itself cannot be
310 // a reference type wherefore peeling doesn't give up any expressivity.
311 _ => AdjustMode::Peel,
313 // When encountering a `& mut? pat` pattern, reset to "by value".
314 // This is so that `x` and `y` here are by value, as they appear to be:
317 // match &(&22, &44) {
323 PatKind::Ref(..) => AdjustMode::Reset,
324 // A `_` pattern works with any expected type, so there's no need to do anything.
326 // Bindings also work with whatever the expected type is,
327 // and moreover if we peel references off, that will give us the wrong binding type.
328 // Also, we can have a subpattern `binding @ pat`.
329 // Each side of the `@` should be treated independently (like with OR-patterns).
330 | PatKind::Binding(..)
331 // An OR-pattern just propagates to each individual alternative.
332 // This is maximally flexible, allowing e.g., `Some(mut x) | &Some(mut x)`.
333 // In that example, `Some(mut x)` results in `Peel` whereas `&Some(mut x)` in `Reset`.
334 | PatKind::Or(_) => AdjustMode::Pass,
338 /// Peel off as many immediately nested `& mut?` from the expected type as possible
339 /// and return the new expected type and binding default binding mode.
340 /// The adjustments vector, if non-empty is stored in a table.
341 fn peel_off_references(
343 pat: &'tcx Pat<'tcx>,
345 mut def_bm: BindingMode,
346 ) -> (Ty<'tcx>, BindingMode) {
347 let mut expected = self.resolve_vars_with_obligations(expected);
349 // Peel off as many `&` or `&mut` from the scrutinee type as possible. For example,
350 // for `match &&&mut Some(5)` the loop runs three times, aborting when it reaches
351 // the `Some(5)` which is not of type Ref.
353 // For each ampersand peeled off, update the binding mode and push the original
354 // type into the adjustments vector.
356 // See the examples in `ui/match-defbm*.rs`.
357 let mut pat_adjustments = vec![];
358 while let ty::Ref(_, inner_ty, inner_mutability) = *expected.kind() {
359 debug!("inspecting {:?}", expected);
361 debug!("current discriminant is Ref, inserting implicit deref");
362 // Preserve the reference type. We'll need it later during THIR lowering.
363 pat_adjustments.push(expected);
366 def_bm = ty::BindByReference(match def_bm {
367 // If default binding mode is by value, make it `ref` or `ref mut`
368 // (depending on whether we observe `&` or `&mut`).
370 // When `ref mut`, stay a `ref mut` (on `&mut`) or downgrade to `ref` (on `&`).
371 ty::BindByReference(hir::Mutability::Mut) => inner_mutability,
372 // Once a `ref`, always a `ref`.
373 // This is because a `& &mut` cannot mutate the underlying value.
374 ty::BindByReference(m @ hir::Mutability::Not) => m,
378 if !pat_adjustments.is_empty() {
379 debug!("default binding mode is now {:?}", def_bm);
383 .pat_adjustments_mut()
384 .insert(pat.hir_id, pat_adjustments);
393 lt: &hir::Expr<'tcx>,
397 // We've already computed the type above (when checking for a non-ref pat),
398 // so avoid computing it again.
399 let ty = self.node_ty(lt.hir_id);
401 // Byte string patterns behave the same way as array patterns
402 // They can denote both statically and dynamically-sized byte arrays.
404 if let hir::ExprKind::Lit(Spanned { node: ast::LitKind::ByteStr(_), .. }) = lt.kind {
405 let expected = self.structurally_resolved_type(span, expected);
406 if let ty::Ref(_, inner_ty, _) = expected.kind() {
407 if matches!(inner_ty.kind(), ty::Slice(_)) {
409 trace!(?lt.hir_id.local_id, "polymorphic byte string lit");
412 .treat_byte_string_as_slice
413 .insert(lt.hir_id.local_id);
414 pat_ty = tcx.mk_imm_ref(tcx.lifetimes.re_static, tcx.mk_slice(tcx.types.u8));
419 // Somewhat surprising: in this case, the subtyping relation goes the
420 // opposite way as the other cases. Actually what we really want is not
421 // a subtyping relation at all but rather that there exists a LUB
422 // (so that they can be compared). However, in practice, constants are
423 // always scalars or strings. For scalars subtyping is irrelevant,
424 // and for strings `ty` is type is `&'static str`, so if we say that
426 // &'static str <: expected
428 // then that's equivalent to there existing a LUB.
429 let cause = self.pattern_cause(ti, span);
430 if let Some(mut err) = self.demand_suptype_with_origin(&cause, expected, pat_ty) {
434 // In the case of `if`- and `while`-expressions we've already checked
435 // that `scrutinee: bool`. We know that the pattern is `true`,
436 // so an error here would be a duplicate and from the wrong POV.
437 s.is_desugaring(DesugaringKind::CondTemporary)
449 lhs: Option<&'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>>,
450 rhs: Option<&'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>>,
454 let calc_side = |opt_expr: Option<&'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>>| match opt_expr {
457 let ty = self.check_expr(expr);
458 // Check that the end-point is possibly of numeric or char type.
459 // The early check here is not for correctness, but rather better
460 // diagnostics (e.g. when `&str` is being matched, `expected` will
461 // be peeled to `str` while ty here is still `&str`, if we don't
462 // err ealy here, a rather confusing unification error will be
465 !(ty.is_numeric() || ty.is_char() || ty.is_ty_var() || ty.references_error());
466 Some((fail, ty, expr.span))
469 let mut lhs = calc_side(lhs);
470 let mut rhs = calc_side(rhs);
472 if let (Some((true, ..)), _) | (_, Some((true, ..))) = (lhs, rhs) {
473 // There exists a side that didn't meet our criteria that the end-point
474 // be of a numeric or char type, as checked in `calc_side` above.
475 self.emit_err_pat_range(span, lhs, rhs);
476 return self.tcx.ty_error();
479 // Unify each side with `expected`.
480 // Subtyping doesn't matter here, as the value is some kind of scalar.
481 let demand_eqtype = |x: &mut _, y| {
482 if let Some((ref mut fail, x_ty, x_span)) = *x {
483 if let Some(mut err) = self.demand_eqtype_pat_diag(x_span, expected, x_ty, ti) {
484 if let Some((_, y_ty, y_span)) = y {
485 self.endpoint_has_type(&mut err, y_span, y_ty);
492 demand_eqtype(&mut lhs, rhs);
493 demand_eqtype(&mut rhs, lhs);
495 if let (Some((true, ..)), _) | (_, Some((true, ..))) = (lhs, rhs) {
496 return self.tcx.ty_error();
499 // Find the unified type and check if it's of numeric or char type again.
500 // This check is needed if both sides are inference variables.
501 // We require types to be resolved here so that we emit inference failure
502 // rather than "_ is not a char or numeric".
503 let ty = self.structurally_resolved_type(span, expected);
504 if !(ty.is_numeric() || ty.is_char() || ty.references_error()) {
505 if let Some((ref mut fail, _, _)) = lhs {
508 if let Some((ref mut fail, _, _)) = rhs {
511 self.emit_err_pat_range(span, lhs, rhs);
512 return self.tcx.ty_error();
517 fn endpoint_has_type(&self, err: &mut Diagnostic, span: Span, ty: Ty<'_>) {
518 if !ty.references_error() {
519 err.span_label(span, &format!("this is of type `{}`", ty));
523 fn emit_err_pat_range(
526 lhs: Option<(bool, Ty<'tcx>, Span)>,
527 rhs: Option<(bool, Ty<'tcx>, Span)>,
529 let span = match (lhs, rhs) {
530 (Some((true, ..)), Some((true, ..))) => span,
531 (Some((true, _, sp)), _) => sp,
532 (_, Some((true, _, sp))) => sp,
533 _ => span_bug!(span, "emit_err_pat_range: no side failed or exists but still error?"),
535 let mut err = struct_span_err!(
539 "only `char` and numeric types are allowed in range patterns"
542 let ty = self.resolve_vars_if_possible(ty);
543 format!("this is of type `{}` but it should be `char` or numeric", ty)
545 let mut one_side_err = |first_span, first_ty, second: Option<(bool, Ty<'tcx>, Span)>| {
546 err.span_label(first_span, &msg(first_ty));
547 if let Some((_, ty, sp)) = second {
548 let ty = self.resolve_vars_if_possible(ty);
549 self.endpoint_has_type(&mut err, sp, ty);
553 (Some((true, lhs_ty, lhs_sp)), Some((true, rhs_ty, rhs_sp))) => {
554 err.span_label(lhs_sp, &msg(lhs_ty));
555 err.span_label(rhs_sp, &msg(rhs_ty));
557 (Some((true, lhs_ty, lhs_sp)), rhs) => one_side_err(lhs_sp, lhs_ty, rhs),
558 (lhs, Some((true, rhs_ty, rhs_sp))) => one_side_err(rhs_sp, rhs_ty, lhs),
559 _ => span_bug!(span, "Impossible, verified above."),
561 if self.tcx.sess.teach(&err.get_code().unwrap()) {
563 "In a match expression, only numbers and characters can be matched \
564 against a range. This is because the compiler checks that the range \
565 is non-empty at compile-time, and is unable to evaluate arbitrary \
566 comparison functions. If you want to capture values of an orderable \
567 type between two end-points, you can use a guard.",
575 pat: &'tcx Pat<'tcx>,
576 ba: hir::BindingAnnotation,
578 sub: Option<&'tcx Pat<'tcx>>,
583 // Determine the binding mode...
585 hir::BindingAnnotation::Unannotated => def_bm,
586 _ => BindingMode::convert(ba),
588 // ...and store it in a side table:
589 self.inh.typeck_results.borrow_mut().pat_binding_modes_mut().insert(pat.hir_id, bm);
591 debug!("check_pat_ident: pat.hir_id={:?} bm={:?}", pat.hir_id, bm);
593 let local_ty = self.local_ty(pat.span, pat.hir_id).decl_ty;
594 let eq_ty = match bm {
595 ty::BindByReference(mutbl) => {
596 // If the binding is like `ref x | ref mut x`,
597 // then `x` is assigned a value of type `&M T` where M is the
598 // mutability and T is the expected type.
600 // `x` is assigned a value of type `&M T`, hence `&M T <: typeof(x)`
601 // is required. However, we use equality, which is stronger.
602 // See (note_1) for an explanation.
603 self.new_ref_ty(pat.span, mutbl, expected)
605 // Otherwise, the type of x is the expected type `T`.
606 ty::BindByValue(_) => {
607 // As above, `T <: typeof(x)` is required, but we use equality, see (note_1).
611 self.demand_eqtype_pat(pat.span, eq_ty, local_ty, ti);
613 // If there are multiple arms, make sure they all agree on
614 // what the type of the binding `x` ought to be.
615 if var_id != pat.hir_id {
616 self.check_binding_alt_eq_ty(pat.span, var_id, local_ty, ti);
619 if let Some(p) = sub {
620 self.check_pat(p, expected, def_bm, TopInfo { parent_pat: Some(pat), ..ti });
626 fn check_binding_alt_eq_ty(&self, span: Span, var_id: HirId, ty: Ty<'tcx>, ti: TopInfo<'tcx>) {
627 let var_ty = self.local_ty(span, var_id).decl_ty;
628 if let Some(mut err) = self.demand_eqtype_pat_diag(span, var_ty, ty, ti) {
629 let hir = self.tcx.hir();
630 let var_ty = self.resolve_vars_with_obligations(var_ty);
631 let msg = format!("first introduced with type `{}` here", var_ty);
632 err.span_label(hir.span(var_id), msg);
633 let in_match = hir.parent_iter(var_id).any(|(_, n)| {
636 hir::Node::Expr(hir::Expr {
637 kind: hir::ExprKind::Match(.., hir::MatchSource::Normal),
642 let pre = if in_match { "in the same arm, " } else { "" };
643 err.note(&format!("{}a binding must have the same type in all alternatives", pre));
648 fn borrow_pat_suggestion(
650 err: &mut Diagnostic,
656 if let PatKind::Binding(..) = inner.kind {
657 let binding_parent_id = tcx.hir().get_parent_node(pat.hir_id);
658 let binding_parent = tcx.hir().get(binding_parent_id);
659 debug!("inner {:?} pat {:?} parent {:?}", inner, pat, binding_parent);
660 match binding_parent {
661 hir::Node::Param(hir::Param { span, .. })
662 if let Ok(snippet) = tcx.sess.source_map().span_to_snippet(inner.span) =>
666 &format!("did you mean `{}`", snippet),
667 format!(" &{}", expected),
668 Applicability::MachineApplicable,
671 hir::Node::Arm(_) | hir::Node::Pat(_) => {
672 // rely on match ergonomics or it might be nested `&&pat`
673 if let Ok(snippet) = tcx.sess.source_map().span_to_snippet(inner.span) {
676 "you can probably remove the explicit borrow",
678 Applicability::MaybeIncorrect,
682 _ => {} // don't provide suggestions in other cases #55175
687 pub fn check_dereferenceable(&self, span: Span, expected: Ty<'tcx>, inner: &Pat<'_>) -> bool {
688 if let PatKind::Binding(..) = inner.kind
689 && let Some(mt) = self.shallow_resolve(expected).builtin_deref(true)
690 && let ty::Dynamic(..) = mt.ty.kind()
692 // This is "x = SomeTrait" being reduced from
693 // "let &x = &SomeTrait" or "let box x = Box<SomeTrait>", an error.
694 let type_str = self.ty_to_string(expected);
695 let mut err = struct_span_err!(
699 "type `{}` cannot be dereferenced",
702 err.span_label(span, format!("type `{}` cannot be dereferenced", type_str));
703 if self.tcx.sess.teach(&err.get_code().unwrap()) {
704 err.note(CANNOT_IMPLICITLY_DEREF_POINTER_TRAIT_OBJ);
714 pat: &'tcx Pat<'tcx>,
715 qpath: &hir::QPath<'_>,
716 fields: &'tcx [hir::PatField<'tcx>],
722 // Resolve the path and check the definition for errors.
723 let Some((variant, pat_ty)) = self.check_struct_path(qpath, pat.hir_id) else {
724 let err = self.tcx.ty_error();
725 for field in fields {
726 let ti = TopInfo { parent_pat: Some(pat), ..ti };
727 self.check_pat(field.pat, err, def_bm, ti);
732 // Type-check the path.
733 self.demand_eqtype_pat(pat.span, expected, pat_ty, ti);
735 // Type-check subpatterns.
736 if self.check_struct_pat_fields(pat_ty, &pat, variant, fields, has_rest_pat, def_bm, ti) {
743 fn check_pat_path<'b>(
746 path_resolution: (Res, Option<Ty<'tcx>>, &'b [hir::PathSegment<'b>]),
752 // We have already resolved the path.
753 let (res, opt_ty, segments) = path_resolution;
756 self.set_tainted_by_errors();
757 return tcx.ty_error();
759 Res::Def(DefKind::AssocFn | DefKind::Ctor(_, CtorKind::Fictive | CtorKind::Fn), _) => {
760 report_unexpected_variant_res(tcx, res, pat.span);
761 return tcx.ty_error();
765 DefKind::Ctor(_, CtorKind::Const)
767 | DefKind::AssocConst
768 | DefKind::ConstParam,
771 _ => bug!("unexpected pattern resolution: {:?}", res),
774 // Type-check the path.
775 let (pat_ty, pat_res) =
776 self.instantiate_value_path(segments, opt_ty, res, pat.span, pat.hir_id);
778 self.demand_suptype_with_origin(&self.pattern_cause(ti, pat.span), expected, pat_ty)
780 self.emit_bad_pat_path(err, pat.span, res, pat_res, pat_ty, segments, ti.parent_pat);
785 fn maybe_suggest_range_literal(
788 opt_def_id: Option<hir::def_id::DefId>,
792 Some(def_id) => match self.tcx.hir().get_if_local(def_id) {
793 Some(hir::Node::Item(hir::Item {
794 kind: hir::ItemKind::Const(_, body_id), ..
795 })) => match self.tcx.hir().get(body_id.hir_id) {
796 hir::Node::Expr(expr) => {
797 if hir::is_range_literal(expr) {
798 let span = self.tcx.hir().span(body_id.hir_id);
799 if let Ok(snip) = self.tcx.sess.source_map().span_to_snippet(span) {
800 e.span_suggestion_verbose(
802 "you may want to move the range into the match block",
804 Applicability::MachineApplicable,
819 fn emit_bad_pat_path<'b>(
821 mut e: DiagnosticBuilder<'_, ErrorReported>,
826 segments: &'b [hir::PathSegment<'b>],
827 parent_pat: Option<&Pat<'_>>,
829 if let Some(span) = self.tcx.hir().res_span(pat_res) {
830 e.span_label(span, &format!("{} defined here", res.descr()));
831 if let [hir::PathSegment { ident, .. }] = &*segments {
835 "`{}` is interpreted as {} {}, not a new binding",
842 Some(Pat { kind: hir::PatKind::Struct(..), .. }) => {
843 e.span_suggestion_verbose(
844 ident.span.shrink_to_hi(),
845 "bind the struct field to a different name instead",
846 format!(": other_{}", ident.as_str().to_lowercase()),
847 Applicability::HasPlaceholders,
851 let (type_def_id, item_def_id) = match pat_ty.kind() {
852 Adt(def, _) => match res {
853 Res::Def(DefKind::Const, def_id) => (Some(def.did), Some(def_id)),
860 self.tcx.lang_items().range_struct(),
861 self.tcx.lang_items().range_from_struct(),
862 self.tcx.lang_items().range_to_struct(),
863 self.tcx.lang_items().range_full_struct(),
864 self.tcx.lang_items().range_inclusive_struct(),
865 self.tcx.lang_items().range_to_inclusive_struct(),
867 if type_def_id != None && ranges.contains(&type_def_id) {
868 if !self.maybe_suggest_range_literal(&mut e, item_def_id, *ident) {
869 let msg = "constants only support matching by type, \
870 if you meant to match against a range of values, \
871 consider using a range pattern like `min ..= max` in the match block";
875 let msg = "introduce a new binding instead";
876 let sugg = format!("other_{}", ident.as_str().to_lowercase());
881 Applicability::HasPlaceholders,
891 fn check_pat_tuple_struct(
893 pat: &'tcx Pat<'tcx>,
894 qpath: &'tcx hir::QPath<'tcx>,
895 subpats: &'tcx [Pat<'tcx>],
896 ddpos: Option<usize>,
903 let parent_pat = Some(pat);
905 self.check_pat(pat, tcx.ty_error(), def_bm, TopInfo { parent_pat, ..ti });
908 let report_unexpected_res = |res: Res| {
909 let sm = tcx.sess.source_map();
911 .span_to_snippet(sm.span_until_char(pat.span, '('))
912 .map_or_else(|_| String::new(), |s| format!(" `{}`", s.trim_end()));
914 "expected tuple struct or tuple variant, found {}{}",
919 let mut err = struct_span_err!(tcx.sess, pat.span, E0164, "{}", msg);
921 Res::Def(DefKind::Fn | DefKind::AssocFn, _) => {
922 err.span_label(pat.span, "`fn` calls are not allowed in patterns");
924 "for more information, visit \
925 https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch18-00-patterns.html",
929 err.span_label(pat.span, "not a tuple variant or struct");
936 // Resolve the path and check the definition for errors.
937 let (res, opt_ty, segments) =
938 self.resolve_ty_and_res_fully_qualified_call(qpath, pat.hir_id, pat.span);
940 self.set_tainted_by_errors();
942 return self.tcx.ty_error();
945 // Type-check the path.
947 self.instantiate_value_path(segments, opt_ty, res, pat.span, pat.hir_id);
949 report_unexpected_res(res);
950 return tcx.ty_error();
953 let variant = match res {
955 self.set_tainted_by_errors();
957 return tcx.ty_error();
959 Res::Def(DefKind::AssocConst | DefKind::AssocFn, _) => {
960 report_unexpected_res(res);
961 return tcx.ty_error();
963 Res::Def(DefKind::Ctor(_, CtorKind::Fn), _) => tcx.expect_variant_res(res),
964 _ => bug!("unexpected pattern resolution: {:?}", res),
967 // Replace constructor type with constructed type for tuple struct patterns.
968 let pat_ty = pat_ty.fn_sig(tcx).output();
969 let pat_ty = pat_ty.no_bound_vars().expect("expected fn type");
971 // Type-check the tuple struct pattern against the expected type.
972 let diag = self.demand_eqtype_pat_diag(pat.span, expected, pat_ty, ti);
973 let had_err = if let Some(mut err) = diag {
980 // Type-check subpatterns.
981 if subpats.len() == variant.fields.len()
982 || subpats.len() < variant.fields.len() && ddpos.is_some()
984 let ty::Adt(_, substs) = pat_ty.kind() else {
985 bug!("unexpected pattern type {:?}", pat_ty);
987 for (i, subpat) in subpats.iter().enumerate_and_adjust(variant.fields.len(), ddpos) {
988 let field_ty = self.field_ty(subpat.span, &variant.fields[i], substs);
989 self.check_pat(subpat, field_ty, def_bm, TopInfo { parent_pat: Some(pat), ..ti });
991 self.tcx.check_stability(
992 variant.fields[i].did,
999 // Pattern has wrong number of fields.
1000 self.e0023(pat.span, res, qpath, subpats, &variant.fields, expected, had_err);
1002 return tcx.ty_error();
1011 qpath: &hir::QPath<'_>,
1012 subpats: &'tcx [Pat<'tcx>],
1013 fields: &'tcx [ty::FieldDef],
1017 let subpats_ending = pluralize!(subpats.len());
1018 let fields_ending = pluralize!(fields.len());
1020 let subpat_spans = if subpats.is_empty() {
1023 subpats.iter().map(|p| p.span).collect()
1025 let last_subpat_span = *subpat_spans.last().unwrap();
1026 let res_span = self.tcx.def_span(res.def_id());
1027 let def_ident_span = self.tcx.def_ident_span(res.def_id()).unwrap_or(res_span);
1028 let field_def_spans = if fields.is_empty() {
1031 fields.iter().map(|f| f.ident(self.tcx).span).collect()
1033 let last_field_def_span = *field_def_spans.last().unwrap();
1035 let mut err = struct_span_err!(
1037 MultiSpan::from_spans(subpat_spans),
1039 "this pattern has {} field{}, but the corresponding {} has {} field{}",
1048 &format!("expected {} field{}, found {}", fields.len(), fields_ending, subpats.len()),
1050 if self.tcx.sess.source_map().is_multiline(qpath.span().between(last_subpat_span)) {
1051 err.span_label(qpath.span(), "");
1053 if self.tcx.sess.source_map().is_multiline(def_ident_span.between(last_field_def_span)) {
1054 err.span_label(def_ident_span, format!("{} defined here", res.descr()));
1056 for span in &field_def_spans[..field_def_spans.len() - 1] {
1057 err.span_label(*span, "");
1060 last_field_def_span,
1061 &format!("{} has {} field{}", res.descr(), fields.len(), fields_ending),
1064 // Identify the case `Some(x, y)` where the expected type is e.g. `Option<(T, U)>`.
1065 // More generally, the expected type wants a tuple variant with one field of an
1066 // N-arity-tuple, e.g., `V_i((p_0, .., p_N))`. Meanwhile, the user supplied a pattern
1067 // with the subpatterns directly in the tuple variant pattern, e.g., `V_i(p_0, .., p_N)`.
1068 let missing_parentheses = match (&expected.kind(), fields, had_err) {
1069 // #67037: only do this if we could successfully type-check the expected type against
1070 // the tuple struct pattern. Otherwise the substs could get out of range on e.g.,
1071 // `let P() = U;` where `P != U` with `struct P<T>(T);`.
1072 (ty::Adt(_, substs), [field], false) => {
1073 let field_ty = self.field_ty(pat_span, field, substs);
1074 match field_ty.kind() {
1075 ty::Tuple(fields) => fields.len() == subpats.len(),
1081 if missing_parentheses {
1082 let (left, right) = match subpats {
1083 // This is the zero case; we aim to get the "hi" part of the `QPath`'s
1084 // span as the "lo" and then the "hi" part of the pattern's span as the "hi".
1087 // help: missing parentheses
1089 // L | let A(()) = A(());
1091 [] => (qpath.span().shrink_to_hi(), pat_span),
1092 // Easy case. Just take the "lo" of the first sub-pattern and the "hi" of the
1093 // last sub-pattern. In the case of `A(x)` the first and last may coincide.
1096 // help: missing parentheses
1098 // L | let A((x, y)) = A((1, 2));
1100 [first, ..] => (first.span.shrink_to_lo(), subpats.last().unwrap().span),
1102 err.multipart_suggestion(
1103 "missing parentheses",
1104 vec![(left, "(".to_string()), (right.shrink_to_hi(), ")".to_string())],
1105 Applicability::MachineApplicable,
1107 } else if fields.len() > subpats.len() && pat_span != DUMMY_SP {
1108 let after_fields_span = pat_span.with_hi(pat_span.hi() - BytePos(1)).shrink_to_hi();
1109 let all_fields_span = match subpats {
1110 [] => after_fields_span,
1111 [field] => field.span,
1112 [first, .., last] => first.span.to(last.span),
1115 // Check if all the fields in the pattern are wildcards.
1116 let all_wildcards = subpats.iter().all(|pat| matches!(pat.kind, PatKind::Wild));
1117 let first_tail_wildcard =
1118 subpats.iter().enumerate().fold(None, |acc, (pos, pat)| match (acc, &pat.kind) {
1119 (None, PatKind::Wild) => Some(pos),
1120 (Some(_), PatKind::Wild) => acc,
1123 let tail_span = match first_tail_wildcard {
1124 None => after_fields_span,
1125 Some(0) => subpats[0].span.to(after_fields_span),
1126 Some(pos) => subpats[pos - 1].span.shrink_to_hi().to(after_fields_span),
1129 // FIXME: heuristic-based suggestion to check current types for where to add `_`.
1130 let mut wildcard_sugg = vec!["_"; fields.len() - subpats.len()].join(", ");
1131 if !subpats.is_empty() {
1132 wildcard_sugg = String::from(", ") + &wildcard_sugg;
1135 err.span_suggestion_verbose(
1137 "use `_` to explicitly ignore each field",
1139 Applicability::MaybeIncorrect,
1142 // Only suggest `..` if more than one field is missing
1143 // or the pattern consists of all wildcards.
1144 if fields.len() - subpats.len() > 1 || all_wildcards {
1145 if subpats.is_empty() || all_wildcards {
1146 err.span_suggestion_verbose(
1148 "use `..` to ignore all fields",
1150 Applicability::MaybeIncorrect,
1153 err.span_suggestion_verbose(
1155 "use `..` to ignore the rest of the fields",
1156 String::from(", .."),
1157 Applicability::MaybeIncorrect,
1169 elements: &'tcx [Pat<'tcx>],
1170 ddpos: Option<usize>,
1172 def_bm: BindingMode,
1176 let mut expected_len = elements.len();
1177 if ddpos.is_some() {
1178 // Require known type only when `..` is present.
1179 if let ty::Tuple(tys) = self.structurally_resolved_type(span, expected).kind() {
1180 expected_len = tys.len();
1183 let max_len = cmp::max(expected_len, elements.len());
1185 let element_tys_iter = (0..max_len).map(|_| {
1187 // FIXME: `MiscVariable` for now -- obtaining the span and name information
1188 // from all tuple elements isn't trivial.
1189 TypeVariableOrigin { kind: TypeVariableOriginKind::TypeInference, span },
1192 let element_tys = tcx.mk_type_list(element_tys_iter);
1193 let pat_ty = tcx.mk_ty(ty::Tuple(element_tys));
1194 if let Some(mut err) = self.demand_eqtype_pat_diag(span, expected, pat_ty, ti) {
1196 // Walk subpatterns with an expected type of `err` in this case to silence
1197 // further errors being emitted when using the bindings. #50333
1198 let element_tys_iter = (0..max_len).map(|_| tcx.ty_error());
1199 for (_, elem) in elements.iter().enumerate_and_adjust(max_len, ddpos) {
1200 self.check_pat(elem, tcx.ty_error(), def_bm, ti);
1202 tcx.mk_tup(element_tys_iter)
1204 for (i, elem) in elements.iter().enumerate_and_adjust(max_len, ddpos) {
1205 self.check_pat(elem, element_tys[i], def_bm, ti);
1211 fn check_struct_pat_fields(
1214 pat: &'tcx Pat<'tcx>,
1215 variant: &'tcx ty::VariantDef,
1216 fields: &'tcx [hir::PatField<'tcx>],
1218 def_bm: BindingMode,
1223 let ty::Adt(adt, substs) = adt_ty.kind() else {
1224 span_bug!(pat.span, "struct pattern is not an ADT");
1227 // Index the struct fields' types.
1228 let field_map = variant
1232 .map(|(i, field)| (field.ident(self.tcx).normalize_to_macros_2_0(), (i, field)))
1233 .collect::<FxHashMap<_, _>>();
1235 // Keep track of which fields have already appeared in the pattern.
1236 let mut used_fields = FxHashMap::default();
1237 let mut no_field_errors = true;
1239 let mut inexistent_fields = vec![];
1240 // Typecheck each field.
1241 for field in fields {
1242 let span = field.span;
1243 let ident = tcx.adjust_ident(field.ident, variant.def_id);
1244 let field_ty = match used_fields.entry(ident) {
1245 Occupied(occupied) => {
1246 self.error_field_already_bound(span, field.ident, *occupied.get());
1247 no_field_errors = false;
1251 vacant.insert(span);
1255 self.write_field_index(field.hir_id, *i);
1256 self.tcx.check_stability(f.did, Some(pat.hir_id), span, None);
1257 self.field_ty(span, f, substs)
1259 .unwrap_or_else(|| {
1260 inexistent_fields.push(field.ident);
1261 no_field_errors = false;
1267 self.check_pat(field.pat, field_ty, def_bm, TopInfo { parent_pat: Some(pat), ..ti });
1270 let mut unmentioned_fields = variant
1273 .map(|field| (field, field.ident(self.tcx).normalize_to_macros_2_0()))
1274 .filter(|(_, ident)| !used_fields.contains_key(ident))
1275 .collect::<Vec<_>>();
1277 let inexistent_fields_err = if !(inexistent_fields.is_empty() || variant.is_recovered()) {
1278 Some(self.error_inexistent_fields(
1279 adt.variant_descr(),
1281 &mut unmentioned_fields,
1288 // Require `..` if struct has non_exhaustive attribute.
1289 let non_exhaustive = variant.is_field_list_non_exhaustive() && !adt.did.is_local();
1290 if non_exhaustive && !has_rest_pat {
1291 self.error_foreign_non_exhaustive_spat(pat, adt.variant_descr(), fields.is_empty());
1294 let mut unmentioned_err = None;
1295 // Report an error if an incorrect number of fields was specified.
1297 if fields.len() != 1 {
1299 .struct_span_err(pat.span, "union patterns should have exactly one field")
1303 tcx.sess.struct_span_err(pat.span, "`..` cannot be used in union patterns").emit();
1305 } else if !unmentioned_fields.is_empty() {
1306 let accessible_unmentioned_fields: Vec<_> = unmentioned_fields
1309 .filter(|(field, _)| {
1310 field.vis.is_accessible_from(tcx.parent_module(pat.hir_id).to_def_id(), tcx)
1315 if accessible_unmentioned_fields.is_empty() {
1316 unmentioned_err = Some(self.error_no_accessible_fields(pat, fields));
1318 unmentioned_err = Some(self.error_unmentioned_fields(
1320 &accessible_unmentioned_fields,
1321 accessible_unmentioned_fields.len() != unmentioned_fields.len(),
1325 } else if non_exhaustive && !accessible_unmentioned_fields.is_empty() {
1326 self.lint_non_exhaustive_omitted_patterns(
1328 &accessible_unmentioned_fields,
1333 match (inexistent_fields_err, unmentioned_err) {
1334 (Some(mut i), Some(mut u)) => {
1335 if let Some(mut e) = self.error_tuple_variant_as_struct_pat(pat, fields, variant) {
1336 // We don't want to show the inexistent fields error when this was
1337 // `Foo { a, b }` when it should have been `Foo(a, b)`.
1346 (None, Some(mut u)) => {
1347 if let Some(mut e) = self.error_tuple_variant_as_struct_pat(pat, fields, variant) {
1354 (Some(mut err), None) => {
1357 (None, None) if let Some(mut err) =
1358 self.error_tuple_variant_index_shorthand(variant, pat, fields) =>
1367 fn error_tuple_variant_index_shorthand(
1369 variant: &VariantDef,
1371 fields: &[hir::PatField<'_>],
1372 ) -> Option<DiagnosticBuilder<'_, ErrorReported>> {
1373 // if this is a tuple struct, then all field names will be numbers
1374 // so if any fields in a struct pattern use shorthand syntax, they will
1375 // be invalid identifiers (for example, Foo { 0, 1 }).
1376 if let (CtorKind::Fn, PatKind::Struct(qpath, field_patterns, ..)) =
1377 (variant.ctor_kind, &pat.kind)
1379 let has_shorthand_field_name = field_patterns.iter().any(|field| field.is_shorthand);
1380 if has_shorthand_field_name {
1381 let path = rustc_hir_pretty::to_string(rustc_hir_pretty::NO_ANN, |s| {
1382 s.print_qpath(qpath, false)
1384 let mut err = struct_span_err!(
1388 "tuple variant `{}` written as struct variant",
1391 err.span_suggestion_verbose(
1392 qpath.span().shrink_to_hi().to(pat.span.shrink_to_hi()),
1393 "use the tuple variant pattern syntax instead",
1394 format!("({})", self.get_suggested_tuple_struct_pattern(fields, variant)),
1395 Applicability::MaybeIncorrect,
1403 fn error_foreign_non_exhaustive_spat(&self, pat: &Pat<'_>, descr: &str, no_fields: bool) {
1404 let sess = self.tcx.sess;
1405 let sm = sess.source_map();
1406 let sp_brace = sm.end_point(pat.span);
1407 let sp_comma = sm.end_point(pat.span.with_hi(sp_brace.hi()));
1408 let sugg = if no_fields || sp_brace != sp_comma { ".. }" } else { ", .. }" };
1410 let mut err = struct_span_err!(
1414 "`..` required with {} marked as non-exhaustive",
1417 err.span_suggestion_verbose(
1419 "add `..` at the end of the field list to ignore all other fields",
1421 Applicability::MachineApplicable,
1426 fn error_field_already_bound(&self, span: Span, ident: Ident, other_field: Span) {
1431 "field `{}` bound multiple times in the pattern",
1434 .span_label(span, format!("multiple uses of `{}` in pattern", ident))
1435 .span_label(other_field, format!("first use of `{}`", ident))
1439 fn error_inexistent_fields(
1442 inexistent_fields: &[Ident],
1443 unmentioned_fields: &mut Vec<(&ty::FieldDef, Ident)>,
1444 variant: &ty::VariantDef,
1445 ) -> DiagnosticBuilder<'tcx, ErrorReported> {
1447 let (field_names, t, plural) = if inexistent_fields.len() == 1 {
1448 (format!("a field named `{}`", inexistent_fields[0]), "this", "")
1455 .map(|ident| format!("`{}`", ident))
1456 .collect::<Vec<String>>()
1463 let spans = inexistent_fields.iter().map(|ident| ident.span).collect::<Vec<_>>();
1464 let mut err = struct_span_err!(
1468 "{} `{}` does not have {}",
1470 tcx.def_path_str(variant.def_id),
1473 if let Some(ident) = inexistent_fields.last() {
1477 "{} `{}` does not have {} field{}",
1479 tcx.def_path_str(variant.def_id),
1485 if unmentioned_fields.len() == 1 {
1487 unmentioned_fields.iter().map(|(_, field)| field.name).collect::<Vec<_>>();
1488 let suggested_name = find_best_match_for_name(&input, ident.name, None);
1489 if let Some(suggested_name) = suggested_name {
1490 err.span_suggestion(
1492 "a field with a similar name exists",
1493 suggested_name.to_string(),
1494 Applicability::MaybeIncorrect,
1497 // When we have a tuple struct used with struct we don't want to suggest using
1498 // the (valid) struct syntax with numeric field names. Instead we want to
1499 // suggest the expected syntax. We infer that this is the case by parsing the
1500 // `Ident` into an unsized integer. The suggestion will be emitted elsewhere in
1501 // `smart_resolve_context_dependent_help`.
1502 if suggested_name.to_ident_string().parse::<usize>().is_err() {
1503 // We don't want to throw `E0027` in case we have thrown `E0026` for them.
1504 unmentioned_fields.retain(|&(_, x)| x.name != suggested_name);
1506 } else if inexistent_fields.len() == 1 {
1507 let unmentioned_field = unmentioned_fields[0].1.name;
1508 err.span_suggestion_short(
1511 "`{}` has a field named `{}`",
1512 tcx.def_path_str(variant.def_id),
1515 unmentioned_field.to_string(),
1516 Applicability::MaybeIncorrect,
1521 if tcx.sess.teach(&err.get_code().unwrap()) {
1523 "This error indicates that a struct pattern attempted to \
1524 extract a non-existent field from a struct. Struct fields \
1525 are identified by the name used before the colon : so struct \
1526 patterns should resemble the declaration of the struct type \
1528 If you are using shorthand field patterns but want to refer \
1529 to the struct field by a different name, you should rename \
1536 fn error_tuple_variant_as_struct_pat(
1539 fields: &'tcx [hir::PatField<'tcx>],
1540 variant: &ty::VariantDef,
1541 ) -> Option<DiagnosticBuilder<'tcx, ErrorReported>> {
1542 if let (CtorKind::Fn, PatKind::Struct(qpath, ..)) = (variant.ctor_kind, &pat.kind) {
1543 let path = rustc_hir_pretty::to_string(rustc_hir_pretty::NO_ANN, |s| {
1544 s.print_qpath(qpath, false)
1546 let mut err = struct_span_err!(
1550 "tuple variant `{}` written as struct variant",
1553 let (sugg, appl) = if fields.len() == variant.fields.len() {
1555 self.get_suggested_tuple_struct_pattern(fields, variant),
1556 Applicability::MachineApplicable,
1560 variant.fields.iter().map(|_| "_").collect::<Vec<&str>>().join(", "),
1561 Applicability::MaybeIncorrect,
1564 err.span_suggestion_verbose(
1565 qpath.span().shrink_to_hi().to(pat.span.shrink_to_hi()),
1566 "use the tuple variant pattern syntax instead",
1567 format!("({})", sugg),
1575 fn get_suggested_tuple_struct_pattern(
1577 fields: &[hir::PatField<'_>],
1578 variant: &VariantDef,
1580 let variant_field_idents =
1581 variant.fields.iter().map(|f| f.ident(self.tcx)).collect::<Vec<Ident>>();
1585 match self.tcx.sess.source_map().span_to_snippet(field.pat.span) {
1587 // Field names are numbers, but numbers
1588 // are not valid identifiers
1589 if variant_field_idents.contains(&field.ident) {
1595 Err(_) => rustc_hir_pretty::to_string(rustc_hir_pretty::NO_ANN, |s| {
1596 s.print_pat(field.pat)
1600 .collect::<Vec<String>>()
1604 /// Returns a diagnostic reporting a struct pattern which is missing an `..` due to
1605 /// inaccessible fields.
1608 /// error: pattern requires `..` due to inaccessible fields
1609 /// --> src/main.rs:10:9
1611 /// LL | let foo::Foo {} = foo::Foo::default();
1614 /// help: add a `..`
1616 /// LL | let foo::Foo { .. } = foo::Foo::default();
1619 fn error_no_accessible_fields(
1622 fields: &'tcx [hir::PatField<'tcx>],
1623 ) -> DiagnosticBuilder<'tcx, ErrorReported> {
1627 .struct_span_err(pat.span, "pattern requires `..` due to inaccessible fields");
1629 if let Some(field) = fields.last() {
1630 err.span_suggestion_verbose(
1631 field.span.shrink_to_hi(),
1632 "ignore the inaccessible and unused fields",
1634 Applicability::MachineApplicable,
1637 let qpath_span = if let PatKind::Struct(qpath, ..) = &pat.kind {
1640 bug!("`error_no_accessible_fields` called on non-struct pattern");
1643 // Shrink the span to exclude the `foo:Foo` in `foo::Foo { }`.
1644 let span = pat.span.with_lo(qpath_span.shrink_to_hi().hi());
1645 err.span_suggestion_verbose(
1647 "ignore the inaccessible and unused fields",
1648 " { .. }".to_string(),
1649 Applicability::MachineApplicable,
1655 /// Report that a pattern for a `#[non_exhaustive]` struct marked with `non_exhaustive_omitted_patterns`
1656 /// is not exhaustive enough.
1658 /// Nb: the partner lint for enums lives in `compiler/rustc_mir_build/src/thir/pattern/usefulness.rs`.
1659 fn lint_non_exhaustive_omitted_patterns(
1662 unmentioned_fields: &[(&ty::FieldDef, Ident)],
1665 fn joined_uncovered_patterns(witnesses: &[&Ident]) -> String {
1666 const LIMIT: usize = 3;
1669 [witness] => format!("`{}`", witness),
1670 [head @ .., tail] if head.len() < LIMIT => {
1671 let head: Vec<_> = head.iter().map(<_>::to_string).collect();
1672 format!("`{}` and `{}`", head.join("`, `"), tail)
1675 let (head, tail) = witnesses.split_at(LIMIT);
1676 let head: Vec<_> = head.iter().map(<_>::to_string).collect();
1677 format!("`{}` and {} more", head.join("`, `"), tail.len())
1681 let joined_patterns = joined_uncovered_patterns(
1682 &unmentioned_fields.iter().map(|(_, i)| i).collect::<Vec<_>>(),
1685 self.tcx.struct_span_lint_hir(NON_EXHAUSTIVE_OMITTED_PATTERNS, pat.hir_id, pat.span, |build| {
1686 let mut lint = build.build("some fields are not explicitly listed");
1687 lint.span_label(pat.span, format!("field{} {} not listed", rustc_errors::pluralize!(unmentioned_fields.len()), joined_patterns));
1690 "ensure that all fields are mentioned explicitly by adding the suggested fields",
1693 "the pattern is of type `{}` and the `non_exhaustive_omitted_patterns` attribute was found",
1700 /// Returns a diagnostic reporting a struct pattern which does not mention some fields.
1703 /// error[E0027]: pattern does not mention field `bar`
1704 /// --> src/main.rs:15:9
1706 /// LL | let foo::Foo {} = foo::Foo::new();
1707 /// | ^^^^^^^^^^^ missing field `bar`
1709 fn error_unmentioned_fields(
1712 unmentioned_fields: &[(&ty::FieldDef, Ident)],
1713 have_inaccessible_fields: bool,
1714 fields: &'tcx [hir::PatField<'tcx>],
1715 ) -> DiagnosticBuilder<'tcx, ErrorReported> {
1716 let inaccessible = if have_inaccessible_fields { " and inaccessible fields" } else { "" };
1717 let field_names = if unmentioned_fields.len() == 1 {
1718 format!("field `{}`{}", unmentioned_fields[0].1, inaccessible)
1720 let fields = unmentioned_fields
1722 .map(|(_, name)| format!("`{}`", name))
1723 .collect::<Vec<String>>()
1725 format!("fields {}{}", fields, inaccessible)
1727 let mut err = struct_span_err!(
1731 "pattern does not mention {}",
1734 err.span_label(pat.span, format!("missing {}", field_names));
1735 let len = unmentioned_fields.len();
1736 let (prefix, postfix, sp) = match fields {
1737 [] => match &pat.kind {
1738 PatKind::Struct(path, [], false) => {
1739 (" { ", " }", path.span().shrink_to_hi().until(pat.span.shrink_to_hi()))
1744 // Account for last field having a trailing comma or parse recovery at the tail of
1745 // the pattern to avoid invalid suggestion (#78511).
1746 let tail = field.span.shrink_to_hi().with_hi(pat.span.hi());
1748 PatKind::Struct(..) => (", ", " }", tail),
1753 err.span_suggestion(
1756 "include the missing field{} in the pattern{}",
1757 if len == 1 { "" } else { "s" },
1758 if have_inaccessible_fields { " and ignore the inaccessible fields" } else { "" }
1765 .map(|(_, name)| name.to_string())
1766 .collect::<Vec<_>>()
1768 if have_inaccessible_fields { ", .." } else { "" },
1771 Applicability::MachineApplicable,
1773 err.span_suggestion(
1776 "if you don't care about {} missing field{}, you can explicitly ignore {}",
1777 if len == 1 { "this" } else { "these" },
1778 if len == 1 { "" } else { "s" },
1779 if len == 1 { "it" } else { "them" },
1781 format!("{}..{}", prefix, postfix),
1782 Applicability::MachineApplicable,
1790 inner: &'tcx Pat<'tcx>,
1792 def_bm: BindingMode,
1796 let (box_ty, inner_ty) = if self.check_dereferenceable(span, expected, inner) {
1797 // Here, `demand::subtype` is good enough, but I don't
1798 // think any errors can be introduced by using `demand::eqtype`.
1799 let inner_ty = self.next_ty_var(TypeVariableOrigin {
1800 kind: TypeVariableOriginKind::TypeInference,
1803 let box_ty = tcx.mk_box(inner_ty);
1804 self.demand_eqtype_pat(span, expected, box_ty, ti);
1807 let err = tcx.ty_error();
1810 self.check_pat(inner, inner_ty, def_bm, ti);
1816 pat: &'tcx Pat<'tcx>,
1817 inner: &'tcx Pat<'tcx>,
1818 mutbl: hir::Mutability,
1820 def_bm: BindingMode,
1824 let expected = self.shallow_resolve(expected);
1825 let (rptr_ty, inner_ty) = if self.check_dereferenceable(pat.span, expected, inner) {
1826 // `demand::subtype` would be good enough, but using `eqtype` turns
1827 // out to be equally general. See (note_1) for details.
1829 // Take region, inner-type from expected type if we can,
1830 // to avoid creating needless variables. This also helps with
1831 // the bad interactions of the given hack detailed in (note_1).
1832 debug!("check_pat_ref: expected={:?}", expected);
1833 match *expected.kind() {
1834 ty::Ref(_, r_ty, r_mutbl) if r_mutbl == mutbl => (expected, r_ty),
1836 let inner_ty = self.next_ty_var(TypeVariableOrigin {
1837 kind: TypeVariableOriginKind::TypeInference,
1840 let rptr_ty = self.new_ref_ty(pat.span, mutbl, inner_ty);
1841 debug!("check_pat_ref: demanding {:?} = {:?}", expected, rptr_ty);
1842 let err = self.demand_eqtype_pat_diag(pat.span, expected, rptr_ty, ti);
1844 // Look for a case like `fn foo(&foo: u32)` and suggest
1845 // `fn foo(foo: &u32)`
1846 if let Some(mut err) = err {
1847 self.borrow_pat_suggestion(&mut err, pat, inner, expected);
1854 let err = tcx.ty_error();
1857 self.check_pat(inner, inner_ty, def_bm, TopInfo { parent_pat: Some(pat), ..ti });
1861 /// Create a reference type with a fresh region variable.
1862 fn new_ref_ty(&self, span: Span, mutbl: hir::Mutability, ty: Ty<'tcx>) -> Ty<'tcx> {
1863 let region = self.next_region_var(infer::PatternRegion(span));
1864 let mt = ty::TypeAndMut { ty, mutbl };
1865 self.tcx.mk_ref(region, mt)
1868 /// Type check a slice pattern.
1870 /// Syntactically, these look like `[pat_0, ..., pat_n]`.
1871 /// Semantically, we are type checking a pattern with structure:
1873 /// [before_0, ..., before_n, (slice, after_0, ... after_n)?]
1875 /// The type of `slice`, if it is present, depends on the `expected` type.
1876 /// If `slice` is missing, then so is `after_i`.
1877 /// If `slice` is present, it can still represent 0 elements.
1881 before: &'tcx [Pat<'tcx>],
1882 slice: Option<&'tcx Pat<'tcx>>,
1883 after: &'tcx [Pat<'tcx>],
1885 def_bm: BindingMode,
1888 let expected = self.structurally_resolved_type(span, expected);
1889 let (element_ty, opt_slice_ty, inferred) = match *expected.kind() {
1890 // An array, so we might have something like `let [a, b, c] = [0, 1, 2];`.
1891 ty::Array(element_ty, len) => {
1892 let min = before.len() as u64 + after.len() as u64;
1893 let (opt_slice_ty, expected) =
1894 self.check_array_pat_len(span, element_ty, expected, slice, len, min);
1895 // `opt_slice_ty.is_none()` => `slice.is_none()`.
1896 // Note, though, that opt_slice_ty could be `Some(error_ty)`.
1897 assert!(opt_slice_ty.is_some() || slice.is_none());
1898 (element_ty, opt_slice_ty, expected)
1900 ty::Slice(element_ty) => (element_ty, Some(expected), expected),
1901 // The expected type must be an array or slice, but was neither, so error.
1903 if !expected.references_error() {
1904 self.error_expected_array_or_slice(span, expected, ti);
1906 let err = self.tcx.ty_error();
1907 (err, Some(err), err)
1911 // Type check all the patterns before `slice`.
1913 self.check_pat(elt, element_ty, def_bm, ti);
1915 // Type check the `slice`, if present, against its expected type.
1916 if let Some(slice) = slice {
1917 self.check_pat(slice, opt_slice_ty.unwrap(), def_bm, ti);
1919 // Type check the elements after `slice`, if present.
1921 self.check_pat(elt, element_ty, def_bm, ti);
1926 /// Type check the length of an array pattern.
1928 /// Returns both the type of the variable length pattern (or `None`), and the potentially
1929 /// inferred array type. We only return `None` for the slice type if `slice.is_none()`.
1930 fn check_array_pat_len(
1933 element_ty: Ty<'tcx>,
1935 slice: Option<&'tcx Pat<'tcx>>,
1936 len: ty::Const<'tcx>,
1938 ) -> (Option<Ty<'tcx>>, Ty<'tcx>) {
1939 if let Some(len) = len.try_eval_usize(self.tcx, self.param_env) {
1940 // Now we know the length...
1941 if slice.is_none() {
1942 // ...and since there is no variable-length pattern,
1943 // we require an exact match between the number of elements
1944 // in the array pattern and as provided by the matched type.
1946 return (None, arr_ty);
1949 self.error_scrutinee_inconsistent_length(span, min_len, len);
1950 } else if let Some(pat_len) = len.checked_sub(min_len) {
1951 // The variable-length pattern was there,
1952 // so it has an array type with the remaining elements left as its size...
1953 return (Some(self.tcx.mk_array(element_ty, pat_len)), arr_ty);
1955 // ...however, in this case, there were no remaining elements.
1956 // That is, the slice pattern requires more than the array type offers.
1957 self.error_scrutinee_with_rest_inconsistent_length(span, min_len, len);
1959 } else if slice.is_none() {
1960 // We have a pattern with a fixed length,
1961 // which we can use to infer the length of the array.
1962 let updated_arr_ty = self.tcx.mk_array(element_ty, min_len);
1963 self.demand_eqtype(span, updated_arr_ty, arr_ty);
1964 return (None, updated_arr_ty);
1966 // We have a variable-length pattern and don't know the array length.
1967 // This happens if we have e.g.,
1968 // `let [a, b, ..] = arr` where `arr: [T; N]` where `const N: usize`.
1969 self.error_scrutinee_unfixed_length(span);
1972 // If we get here, we must have emitted an error.
1973 (Some(self.tcx.ty_error()), arr_ty)
1976 fn error_scrutinee_inconsistent_length(&self, span: Span, min_len: u64, size: u64) {
1981 "pattern requires {} element{} but array has {}",
1983 pluralize!(min_len),
1986 .span_label(span, format!("expected {} element{}", size, pluralize!(size)))
1990 fn error_scrutinee_with_rest_inconsistent_length(&self, span: Span, min_len: u64, size: u64) {
1995 "pattern requires at least {} element{} but array has {}",
1997 pluralize!(min_len),
2002 format!("pattern cannot match array of {} element{}", size, pluralize!(size),),
2007 fn error_scrutinee_unfixed_length(&self, span: Span) {
2012 "cannot pattern-match on an array without a fixed length",
2017 fn error_expected_array_or_slice(&self, span: Span, expected_ty: Ty<'tcx>, ti: TopInfo<'tcx>) {
2018 let mut err = struct_span_err!(
2022 "expected an array or slice, found `{}`",
2025 if let ty::Ref(_, ty, _) = expected_ty.kind() {
2026 if let ty::Array(..) | ty::Slice(..) = ty.kind() {
2027 err.help("the semantics of slice patterns changed recently; see issue #62254");
2029 } else if Autoderef::new(&self.infcx, self.param_env, self.body_id, span, expected_ty, span)
2030 .any(|(ty, _)| matches!(ty.kind(), ty::Slice(..) | ty::Array(..)))
2032 if let (Some(span), true) = (ti.span, ti.origin_expr) {
2033 if let Ok(snippet) = self.tcx.sess.source_map().span_to_snippet(span) {
2034 let applicability = Autoderef::new(
2039 self.resolve_vars_if_possible(ti.expected),
2042 .find_map(|(ty, _)| {
2045 if self.tcx.is_diagnostic_item(sym::Option, adt_def.did)
2046 || self.tcx.is_diagnostic_item(sym::Result, adt_def.did) =>
2048 // Slicing won't work here, but `.as_deref()` might (issue #91328).
2049 err.span_suggestion(
2051 "consider using `as_deref` here",
2052 format!("{}.as_deref()", snippet),
2053 Applicability::MaybeIncorrect,
2058 ty::Slice(..) | ty::Array(..) => {
2059 Some(Some(Applicability::MachineApplicable))
2065 .unwrap_or(Some(Applicability::MaybeIncorrect));
2067 if let Some(applicability) = applicability {
2068 err.span_suggestion(
2070 "consider slicing here",
2071 format!("{}[..]", snippet),
2078 err.span_label(span, format!("pattern cannot match with input type `{}`", expected_ty));