1 use crate::check::FnCtxt;
4 use rustc_data_structures::fx::FxHashMap;
6 pluralize, struct_span_err, Applicability, Diagnostic, DiagnosticBuilder, ErrorGuaranteed,
10 use rustc_hir::def::{CtorKind, DefKind, Res};
11 use rustc_hir::pat_util::EnumerateAndAdjustIterator;
12 use rustc_hir::{HirId, Pat, PatKind};
13 use rustc_infer::infer;
14 use rustc_infer::infer::type_variable::{TypeVariableOrigin, TypeVariableOriginKind};
15 use rustc_middle::middle::stability::EvalResult;
16 use rustc_middle::ty::{self, Adt, BindingMode, Ty, TypeFoldable};
17 use rustc_session::lint::builtin::NON_EXHAUSTIVE_OMITTED_PATTERNS;
18 use rustc_span::hygiene::DesugaringKind;
19 use rustc_span::lev_distance::find_best_match_for_name;
20 use rustc_span::source_map::{Span, Spanned};
21 use rustc_span::symbol::{kw, sym, Ident};
22 use rustc_span::{BytePos, DUMMY_SP};
23 use rustc_trait_selection::autoderef::Autoderef;
24 use rustc_trait_selection::traits::{ObligationCause, Pattern};
28 use std::collections::hash_map::Entry::{Occupied, Vacant};
30 use super::report_unexpected_variant_res;
32 const CANNOT_IMPLICITLY_DEREF_POINTER_TRAIT_OBJ: &str = "\
33 This error indicates that a pointer to a trait type cannot be implicitly dereferenced by a \
34 pattern. Every trait defines a type, but because the size of trait implementors isn't fixed, \
35 this type has no compile-time size. Therefore, all accesses to trait types must be through \
36 pointers. If you encounter this error you should try to avoid dereferencing the pointer.
38 You can read more about trait objects in the Trait Objects section of the Reference: \
39 https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/types.html#trait-objects";
41 /// Information about the expected type at the top level of type checking a pattern.
43 /// **NOTE:** This is only for use by diagnostics. Do NOT use for type checking logic!
44 #[derive(Copy, Clone)]
45 struct TopInfo<'tcx> {
46 /// The `expected` type at the top level of type checking a pattern.
48 /// Was the origin of the `span` from a scrutinee expression?
50 /// Otherwise there is no scrutinee and it could be e.g. from the type of a formal parameter.
52 /// The span giving rise to the `expected` type, if one could be provided.
54 /// If `origin_expr` is `true`, then this is the span of the scrutinee as in:
56 /// - `match scrutinee { ... }`
57 /// - `let _ = scrutinee;`
59 /// This is used to point to add context in type errors.
60 /// In the following example, `span` corresponds to the `a + b` expression:
63 /// error[E0308]: mismatched types
64 /// --> src/main.rs:L:C
66 /// L | let temp: usize = match a + b {
67 /// | ----- this expression has type `usize`
68 /// L | Ok(num) => num,
69 /// | ^^^^^^^ expected `usize`, found enum `std::result::Result`
71 /// = note: expected type `usize`
72 /// found type `std::result::Result<_, _>`
75 /// This refers to the parent pattern. Used to provide extra diagnostic information on errors.
77 /// error[E0308]: mismatched types
78 /// --> $DIR/const-in-struct-pat.rs:8:17
81 /// | --------- unit struct defined here
83 /// L | let Thing { f } = t;
86 /// | expected struct `std::string::String`, found struct `f`
87 /// | `f` is interpreted as a unit struct, not a new binding
88 /// | help: bind the struct field to a different name instead: `f: other_f`
90 parent_pat: Option<&'tcx Pat<'tcx>>,
93 impl<'tcx> FnCtxt<'_, 'tcx> {
94 fn pattern_cause(&self, ti: TopInfo<'tcx>, cause_span: Span) -> ObligationCause<'tcx> {
95 let code = Pattern { span: ti.span, root_ty: ti.expected, origin_expr: ti.origin_expr };
96 self.cause(cause_span, code)
99 fn demand_eqtype_pat_diag(
105 ) -> Option<DiagnosticBuilder<'tcx, ErrorGuaranteed>> {
106 self.demand_eqtype_with_origin(&self.pattern_cause(ti, cause_span), expected, actual)
109 fn demand_eqtype_pat(
116 if let Some(mut err) = self.demand_eqtype_pat_diag(cause_span, expected, actual, ti) {
122 const INITIAL_BM: BindingMode = BindingMode::BindByValue(hir::Mutability::Not);
124 /// Mode for adjusting the expected type and binding mode.
126 /// Peel off all immediate reference types.
128 /// Reset binding mode to the initial mode.
130 /// Pass on the input binding mode and expected type.
134 impl<'a, 'tcx> FnCtxt<'a, 'tcx> {
135 /// Type check the given top level pattern against the `expected` type.
137 /// If a `Some(span)` is provided and `origin_expr` holds,
138 /// then the `span` represents the scrutinee's span.
139 /// The scrutinee is found in e.g. `match scrutinee { ... }` and `let pat = scrutinee;`.
141 /// Otherwise, `Some(span)` represents the span of a type expression
142 /// which originated the `expected` type.
143 pub fn check_pat_top(
145 pat: &'tcx Pat<'tcx>,
150 let info = TopInfo { expected, origin_expr, span, parent_pat: None };
151 self.check_pat(pat, expected, INITIAL_BM, info);
154 /// Type check the given `pat` against the `expected` type
155 /// with the provided `def_bm` (default binding mode).
157 /// Outside of this module, `check_pat_top` should always be used.
158 /// Conversely, inside this module, `check_pat_top` should never be used.
159 #[instrument(level = "debug", skip(self, ti))]
162 pat: &'tcx Pat<'tcx>,
167 let path_res = match &pat.kind {
168 PatKind::Path(qpath) => {
169 Some(self.resolve_ty_and_res_fully_qualified_call(qpath, pat.hir_id, pat.span))
173 let adjust_mode = self.calc_adjust_mode(pat, path_res.map(|(res, ..)| res));
174 let (expected, def_bm) = self.calc_default_binding_mode(pat, expected, def_bm, adjust_mode);
176 let ty = match pat.kind {
177 PatKind::Wild => expected,
178 PatKind::Lit(lt) => self.check_pat_lit(pat.span, lt, expected, ti),
179 PatKind::Range(lhs, rhs, _) => self.check_pat_range(pat.span, lhs, rhs, expected, ti),
180 PatKind::Binding(ba, var_id, _, sub) => {
181 self.check_pat_ident(pat, ba, var_id, sub, expected, def_bm, ti)
183 PatKind::TupleStruct(ref qpath, subpats, ddpos) => {
184 self.check_pat_tuple_struct(pat, qpath, subpats, ddpos, expected, def_bm, ti)
186 PatKind::Path(_) => self.check_pat_path(pat, path_res.unwrap(), expected, ti),
187 PatKind::Struct(ref qpath, fields, has_rest_pat) => {
188 self.check_pat_struct(pat, qpath, fields, has_rest_pat, expected, def_bm, ti)
190 PatKind::Or(pats) => {
191 let parent_pat = Some(pat);
193 self.check_pat(pat, expected, def_bm, TopInfo { parent_pat, ..ti });
197 PatKind::Tuple(elements, ddpos) => {
198 self.check_pat_tuple(pat.span, elements, ddpos, expected, def_bm, ti)
200 PatKind::Box(inner) => self.check_pat_box(pat.span, inner, expected, def_bm, ti),
201 PatKind::Ref(inner, mutbl) => {
202 self.check_pat_ref(pat, inner, mutbl, expected, def_bm, ti)
204 PatKind::Slice(before, slice, after) => {
205 self.check_pat_slice(pat.span, before, slice, after, expected, def_bm, ti)
209 self.write_ty(pat.hir_id, ty);
211 // (note_1): In most of the cases where (note_1) is referenced
212 // (literals and constants being the exception), we relate types
213 // using strict equality, even though subtyping would be sufficient.
214 // There are a few reasons for this, some of which are fairly subtle
215 // and which cost me (nmatsakis) an hour or two debugging to remember,
216 // so I thought I'd write them down this time.
218 // 1. There is no loss of expressiveness here, though it does
219 // cause some inconvenience. What we are saying is that the type
220 // of `x` becomes *exactly* what is expected. This can cause unnecessary
221 // errors in some cases, such as this one:
224 // fn foo<'x>(x: &'x i32) {
231 // The reason we might get an error is that `z` might be
232 // assigned a type like `&'x i32`, and then we would have
233 // a problem when we try to assign `&a` to `z`, because
234 // the lifetime of `&a` (i.e., the enclosing block) is
235 // shorter than `'x`.
237 // HOWEVER, this code works fine. The reason is that the
238 // expected type here is whatever type the user wrote, not
239 // the initializer's type. In this case the user wrote
240 // nothing, so we are going to create a type variable `Z`.
241 // Then we will assign the type of the initializer (`&'x i32`)
242 // as a subtype of `Z`: `&'x i32 <: Z`. And hence we
243 // will instantiate `Z` as a type `&'0 i32` where `'0` is
244 // a fresh region variable, with the constraint that `'x : '0`.
245 // So basically we're all set.
247 // Note that there are two tests to check that this remains true
248 // (`regions-reassign-{match,let}-bound-pointer.rs`).
250 // 2. Things go horribly wrong if we use subtype. The reason for
251 // THIS is a fairly subtle case involving bound regions. See the
252 // `givens` field in `region_constraints`, as well as the test
253 // `regions-relate-bound-regions-on-closures-to-inference-variables.rs`,
254 // for details. Short version is that we must sometimes detect
255 // relationships between specific region variables and regions
256 // bound in a closure signature, and that detection gets thrown
257 // off when we substitute fresh region variables here to enable
261 /// Compute the new expected type and default binding mode from the old ones
262 /// as well as the pattern form we are currently checking.
263 fn calc_default_binding_mode(
265 pat: &'tcx Pat<'tcx>,
268 adjust_mode: AdjustMode,
269 ) -> (Ty<'tcx>, BindingMode) {
271 AdjustMode::Pass => (expected, def_bm),
272 AdjustMode::Reset => (expected, INITIAL_BM),
273 AdjustMode::Peel => self.peel_off_references(pat, expected, def_bm),
277 /// How should the binding mode and expected type be adjusted?
279 /// When the pattern is a path pattern, `opt_path_res` must be `Some(res)`.
280 fn calc_adjust_mode(&self, pat: &'tcx Pat<'tcx>, opt_path_res: Option<Res>) -> AdjustMode {
281 // When we perform destructuring assignment, we disable default match bindings, which are
282 // unintuitive in this context.
283 if !pat.default_binding_modes {
284 return AdjustMode::Reset;
287 // Type checking these product-like types successfully always require
288 // that the expected type be of those types and not reference types.
290 | PatKind::TupleStruct(..)
294 | PatKind::Slice(..) => AdjustMode::Peel,
295 // String and byte-string literals result in types `&str` and `&[u8]` respectively.
296 // All other literals result in non-reference types.
297 // As a result, we allow `if let 0 = &&0 {}` but not `if let "foo" = &&"foo {}`.
299 // Call `resolve_vars_if_possible` here for inline const blocks.
300 PatKind::Lit(lt) => match self.resolve_vars_if_possible(self.check_expr(lt)).kind() {
301 ty::Ref(..) => AdjustMode::Pass,
302 _ => AdjustMode::Peel,
304 PatKind::Path(_) => match opt_path_res.unwrap() {
305 // These constants can be of a reference type, e.g. `const X: &u8 = &0;`.
306 // Peeling the reference types too early will cause type checking failures.
307 // Although it would be possible to *also* peel the types of the constants too.
308 Res::Def(DefKind::Const | DefKind::AssocConst, _) => AdjustMode::Pass,
309 // In the `ValueNS`, we have `SelfCtor(..) | Ctor(_, Const), _)` remaining which
310 // could successfully compile. The former being `Self` requires a unit struct.
311 // In either case, and unlike constants, the pattern itself cannot be
312 // a reference type wherefore peeling doesn't give up any expressiveness.
313 _ => AdjustMode::Peel,
315 // When encountering a `& mut? pat` pattern, reset to "by value".
316 // This is so that `x` and `y` here are by value, as they appear to be:
319 // match &(&22, &44) {
325 PatKind::Ref(..) => AdjustMode::Reset,
326 // A `_` pattern works with any expected type, so there's no need to do anything.
328 // Bindings also work with whatever the expected type is,
329 // and moreover if we peel references off, that will give us the wrong binding type.
330 // Also, we can have a subpattern `binding @ pat`.
331 // Each side of the `@` should be treated independently (like with OR-patterns).
332 | PatKind::Binding(..)
333 // An OR-pattern just propagates to each individual alternative.
334 // This is maximally flexible, allowing e.g., `Some(mut x) | &Some(mut x)`.
335 // In that example, `Some(mut x)` results in `Peel` whereas `&Some(mut x)` in `Reset`.
336 | PatKind::Or(_) => AdjustMode::Pass,
340 /// Peel off as many immediately nested `& mut?` from the expected type as possible
341 /// and return the new expected type and binding default binding mode.
342 /// The adjustments vector, if non-empty is stored in a table.
343 fn peel_off_references(
345 pat: &'tcx Pat<'tcx>,
347 mut def_bm: BindingMode,
348 ) -> (Ty<'tcx>, BindingMode) {
349 let mut expected = self.resolve_vars_with_obligations(expected);
351 // Peel off as many `&` or `&mut` from the scrutinee type as possible. For example,
352 // for `match &&&mut Some(5)` the loop runs three times, aborting when it reaches
353 // the `Some(5)` which is not of type Ref.
355 // For each ampersand peeled off, update the binding mode and push the original
356 // type into the adjustments vector.
358 // See the examples in `ui/match-defbm*.rs`.
359 let mut pat_adjustments = vec![];
360 while let ty::Ref(_, inner_ty, inner_mutability) = *expected.kind() {
361 debug!("inspecting {:?}", expected);
363 debug!("current discriminant is Ref, inserting implicit deref");
364 // Preserve the reference type. We'll need it later during THIR lowering.
365 pat_adjustments.push(expected);
368 def_bm = ty::BindByReference(match def_bm {
369 // If default binding mode is by value, make it `ref` or `ref mut`
370 // (depending on whether we observe `&` or `&mut`).
372 // When `ref mut`, stay a `ref mut` (on `&mut`) or downgrade to `ref` (on `&`).
373 ty::BindByReference(hir::Mutability::Mut) => inner_mutability,
374 // Once a `ref`, always a `ref`.
375 // This is because a `& &mut` cannot mutate the underlying value.
376 ty::BindByReference(m @ hir::Mutability::Not) => m,
380 if !pat_adjustments.is_empty() {
381 debug!("default binding mode is now {:?}", def_bm);
385 .pat_adjustments_mut()
386 .insert(pat.hir_id, pat_adjustments);
395 lt: &hir::Expr<'tcx>,
399 // We've already computed the type above (when checking for a non-ref pat),
400 // so avoid computing it again.
401 let ty = self.node_ty(lt.hir_id);
403 // Byte string patterns behave the same way as array patterns
404 // They can denote both statically and dynamically-sized byte arrays.
406 if let hir::ExprKind::Lit(Spanned { node: ast::LitKind::ByteStr(_), .. }) = lt.kind {
407 let expected = self.structurally_resolved_type(span, expected);
408 if let ty::Ref(_, inner_ty, _) = expected.kind()
409 && matches!(inner_ty.kind(), ty::Slice(_))
412 trace!(?lt.hir_id.local_id, "polymorphic byte string lit");
415 .treat_byte_string_as_slice
416 .insert(lt.hir_id.local_id);
417 pat_ty = tcx.mk_imm_ref(tcx.lifetimes.re_static, tcx.mk_slice(tcx.types.u8));
421 // Somewhat surprising: in this case, the subtyping relation goes the
422 // opposite way as the other cases. Actually what we really want is not
423 // a subtyping relation at all but rather that there exists a LUB
424 // (so that they can be compared). However, in practice, constants are
425 // always scalars or strings. For scalars subtyping is irrelevant,
426 // and for strings `ty` is type is `&'static str`, so if we say that
428 // &'static str <: expected
430 // then that's equivalent to there existing a LUB.
431 let cause = self.pattern_cause(ti, span);
432 if let Some(mut err) = self.demand_suptype_with_origin(&cause, expected, pat_ty) {
436 // In the case of `if`- and `while`-expressions we've already checked
437 // that `scrutinee: bool`. We know that the pattern is `true`,
438 // so an error here would be a duplicate and from the wrong POV.
439 s.is_desugaring(DesugaringKind::CondTemporary)
451 lhs: Option<&'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>>,
452 rhs: Option<&'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>>,
456 let calc_side = |opt_expr: Option<&'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>>| match opt_expr {
459 let ty = self.check_expr(expr);
460 // Check that the end-point is possibly of numeric or char type.
461 // The early check here is not for correctness, but rather better
462 // diagnostics (e.g. when `&str` is being matched, `expected` will
463 // be peeled to `str` while ty here is still `&str`, if we don't
464 // err early here, a rather confusing unification error will be
467 !(ty.is_numeric() || ty.is_char() || ty.is_ty_var() || ty.references_error());
468 Some((fail, ty, expr.span))
471 let mut lhs = calc_side(lhs);
472 let mut rhs = calc_side(rhs);
474 if let (Some((true, ..)), _) | (_, Some((true, ..))) = (lhs, rhs) {
475 // There exists a side that didn't meet our criteria that the end-point
476 // be of a numeric or char type, as checked in `calc_side` above.
477 self.emit_err_pat_range(span, lhs, rhs);
478 return self.tcx.ty_error();
481 // Unify each side with `expected`.
482 // Subtyping doesn't matter here, as the value is some kind of scalar.
483 let demand_eqtype = |x: &mut _, y| {
484 if let Some((ref mut fail, x_ty, x_span)) = *x
485 && let Some(mut err) = self.demand_eqtype_pat_diag(x_span, expected, x_ty, ti)
487 if let Some((_, y_ty, y_span)) = y {
488 self.endpoint_has_type(&mut err, y_span, y_ty);
494 demand_eqtype(&mut lhs, rhs);
495 demand_eqtype(&mut rhs, lhs);
497 if let (Some((true, ..)), _) | (_, Some((true, ..))) = (lhs, rhs) {
498 return self.tcx.ty_error();
501 // Find the unified type and check if it's of numeric or char type again.
502 // This check is needed if both sides are inference variables.
503 // We require types to be resolved here so that we emit inference failure
504 // rather than "_ is not a char or numeric".
505 let ty = self.structurally_resolved_type(span, expected);
506 if !(ty.is_numeric() || ty.is_char() || ty.references_error()) {
507 if let Some((ref mut fail, _, _)) = lhs {
510 if let Some((ref mut fail, _, _)) = rhs {
513 self.emit_err_pat_range(span, lhs, rhs);
514 return self.tcx.ty_error();
519 fn endpoint_has_type(&self, err: &mut Diagnostic, span: Span, ty: Ty<'_>) {
520 if !ty.references_error() {
521 err.span_label(span, &format!("this is of type `{}`", ty));
525 fn emit_err_pat_range(
528 lhs: Option<(bool, Ty<'tcx>, Span)>,
529 rhs: Option<(bool, Ty<'tcx>, Span)>,
531 let span = match (lhs, rhs) {
532 (Some((true, ..)), Some((true, ..))) => span,
533 (Some((true, _, sp)), _) => sp,
534 (_, Some((true, _, sp))) => sp,
535 _ => span_bug!(span, "emit_err_pat_range: no side failed or exists but still error?"),
537 let mut err = struct_span_err!(
541 "only `char` and numeric types are allowed in range patterns"
544 let ty = self.resolve_vars_if_possible(ty);
545 format!("this is of type `{}` but it should be `char` or numeric", ty)
547 let mut one_side_err = |first_span, first_ty, second: Option<(bool, Ty<'tcx>, Span)>| {
548 err.span_label(first_span, &msg(first_ty));
549 if let Some((_, ty, sp)) = second {
550 let ty = self.resolve_vars_if_possible(ty);
551 self.endpoint_has_type(&mut err, sp, ty);
555 (Some((true, lhs_ty, lhs_sp)), Some((true, rhs_ty, rhs_sp))) => {
556 err.span_label(lhs_sp, &msg(lhs_ty));
557 err.span_label(rhs_sp, &msg(rhs_ty));
559 (Some((true, lhs_ty, lhs_sp)), rhs) => one_side_err(lhs_sp, lhs_ty, rhs),
560 (lhs, Some((true, rhs_ty, rhs_sp))) => one_side_err(rhs_sp, rhs_ty, lhs),
561 _ => span_bug!(span, "Impossible, verified above."),
563 if self.tcx.sess.teach(&err.get_code().unwrap()) {
565 "In a match expression, only numbers and characters can be matched \
566 against a range. This is because the compiler checks that the range \
567 is non-empty at compile-time, and is unable to evaluate arbitrary \
568 comparison functions. If you want to capture values of an orderable \
569 type between two end-points, you can use a guard.",
577 pat: &'tcx Pat<'tcx>,
578 ba: hir::BindingAnnotation,
580 sub: Option<&'tcx Pat<'tcx>>,
585 // Determine the binding mode...
587 hir::BindingAnnotation::Unannotated => def_bm,
588 _ => BindingMode::convert(ba),
590 // ...and store it in a side table:
591 self.inh.typeck_results.borrow_mut().pat_binding_modes_mut().insert(pat.hir_id, bm);
593 debug!("check_pat_ident: pat.hir_id={:?} bm={:?}", pat.hir_id, bm);
595 let local_ty = self.local_ty(pat.span, pat.hir_id).decl_ty;
596 let eq_ty = match bm {
597 ty::BindByReference(mutbl) => {
598 // If the binding is like `ref x | ref mut x`,
599 // then `x` is assigned a value of type `&M T` where M is the
600 // mutability and T is the expected type.
602 // `x` is assigned a value of type `&M T`, hence `&M T <: typeof(x)`
603 // is required. However, we use equality, which is stronger.
604 // See (note_1) for an explanation.
605 self.new_ref_ty(pat.span, mutbl, expected)
607 // Otherwise, the type of x is the expected type `T`.
608 ty::BindByValue(_) => {
609 // As above, `T <: typeof(x)` is required, but we use equality, see (note_1).
613 self.demand_eqtype_pat(pat.span, eq_ty, local_ty, ti);
615 // If there are multiple arms, make sure they all agree on
616 // what the type of the binding `x` ought to be.
617 if var_id != pat.hir_id {
618 self.check_binding_alt_eq_ty(pat.span, var_id, local_ty, ti);
621 if let Some(p) = sub {
622 self.check_pat(p, expected, def_bm, TopInfo { parent_pat: Some(pat), ..ti });
628 fn check_binding_alt_eq_ty(&self, span: Span, var_id: HirId, ty: Ty<'tcx>, ti: TopInfo<'tcx>) {
629 let var_ty = self.local_ty(span, var_id).decl_ty;
630 if let Some(mut err) = self.demand_eqtype_pat_diag(span, var_ty, ty, ti) {
631 let hir = self.tcx.hir();
632 let var_ty = self.resolve_vars_with_obligations(var_ty);
633 let msg = format!("first introduced with type `{var_ty}` here");
634 err.span_label(hir.span(var_id), msg);
635 let in_match = hir.parent_iter(var_id).any(|(_, n)| {
638 hir::Node::Expr(hir::Expr {
639 kind: hir::ExprKind::Match(.., hir::MatchSource::Normal),
644 let pre = if in_match { "in the same arm, " } else { "" };
645 err.note(&format!("{}a binding must have the same type in all alternatives", pre));
650 fn borrow_pat_suggestion(
652 err: &mut Diagnostic,
658 if let PatKind::Binding(..) = inner.kind {
659 let binding_parent_id = tcx.hir().get_parent_node(pat.hir_id);
660 let binding_parent = tcx.hir().get(binding_parent_id);
661 debug!("inner {:?} pat {:?} parent {:?}", inner, pat, binding_parent);
662 match binding_parent {
663 hir::Node::Param(hir::Param { span, .. })
664 if let Ok(snippet) = tcx.sess.source_map().span_to_snippet(inner.span) =>
668 &format!("did you mean `{snippet}`"),
669 format!(" &{expected}"),
670 Applicability::MachineApplicable,
673 hir::Node::Arm(_) | hir::Node::Pat(_) => {
674 // rely on match ergonomics or it might be nested `&&pat`
675 if let Ok(snippet) = tcx.sess.source_map().span_to_snippet(inner.span) {
678 "you can probably remove the explicit borrow",
680 Applicability::MaybeIncorrect,
684 _ => {} // don't provide suggestions in other cases #55175
689 pub fn check_dereferenceable(&self, span: Span, expected: Ty<'tcx>, inner: &Pat<'_>) -> bool {
690 if let PatKind::Binding(..) = inner.kind
691 && let Some(mt) = self.shallow_resolve(expected).builtin_deref(true)
692 && let ty::Dynamic(..) = mt.ty.kind()
694 // This is "x = SomeTrait" being reduced from
695 // "let &x = &SomeTrait" or "let box x = Box<SomeTrait>", an error.
696 let type_str = self.ty_to_string(expected);
697 let mut err = struct_span_err!(
701 "type `{}` cannot be dereferenced",
704 err.span_label(span, format!("type `{type_str}` cannot be dereferenced"));
705 if self.tcx.sess.teach(&err.get_code().unwrap()) {
706 err.note(CANNOT_IMPLICITLY_DEREF_POINTER_TRAIT_OBJ);
716 pat: &'tcx Pat<'tcx>,
717 qpath: &hir::QPath<'_>,
718 fields: &'tcx [hir::PatField<'tcx>],
724 // Resolve the path and check the definition for errors.
725 let Some((variant, pat_ty)) = self.check_struct_path(qpath, pat.hir_id) else {
726 let err = self.tcx.ty_error();
727 for field in fields {
728 let ti = TopInfo { parent_pat: Some(pat), ..ti };
729 self.check_pat(field.pat, err, def_bm, ti);
734 // Type-check the path.
735 self.demand_eqtype_pat(pat.span, expected, pat_ty, ti);
737 // Type-check subpatterns.
738 if self.check_struct_pat_fields(pat_ty, &pat, variant, fields, has_rest_pat, def_bm, ti) {
745 fn check_pat_path<'b>(
748 path_resolution: (Res, Option<Ty<'tcx>>, &'b [hir::PathSegment<'b>]),
754 // We have already resolved the path.
755 let (res, opt_ty, segments) = path_resolution;
758 self.set_tainted_by_errors();
759 return tcx.ty_error();
761 Res::Def(DefKind::AssocFn | DefKind::Ctor(_, CtorKind::Fictive | CtorKind::Fn), _) => {
762 report_unexpected_variant_res(tcx, res, pat.span);
763 return tcx.ty_error();
767 DefKind::Ctor(_, CtorKind::Const)
769 | DefKind::AssocConst
770 | DefKind::ConstParam,
773 _ => bug!("unexpected pattern resolution: {:?}", res),
776 // Type-check the path.
777 let (pat_ty, pat_res) =
778 self.instantiate_value_path(segments, opt_ty, res, pat.span, pat.hir_id);
780 self.demand_suptype_with_origin(&self.pattern_cause(ti, pat.span), expected, pat_ty)
782 self.emit_bad_pat_path(err, pat.span, res, pat_res, pat_ty, segments, ti.parent_pat);
787 fn maybe_suggest_range_literal(
790 opt_def_id: Option<hir::def_id::DefId>,
794 Some(def_id) => match self.tcx.hir().get_if_local(def_id) {
795 Some(hir::Node::Item(hir::Item {
796 kind: hir::ItemKind::Const(_, body_id), ..
797 })) => match self.tcx.hir().get(body_id.hir_id) {
798 hir::Node::Expr(expr) => {
799 if hir::is_range_literal(expr) {
800 let span = self.tcx.hir().span(body_id.hir_id);
801 if let Ok(snip) = self.tcx.sess.source_map().span_to_snippet(span) {
802 e.span_suggestion_verbose(
804 "you may want to move the range into the match block",
806 Applicability::MachineApplicable,
821 fn emit_bad_pat_path<'b>(
823 mut e: DiagnosticBuilder<'_, ErrorGuaranteed>,
828 segments: &'b [hir::PathSegment<'b>],
829 parent_pat: Option<&Pat<'_>>,
831 if let Some(span) = self.tcx.hir().res_span(pat_res) {
832 e.span_label(span, &format!("{} defined here", res.descr()));
833 if let [hir::PathSegment { ident, .. }] = &*segments {
837 "`{}` is interpreted as {} {}, not a new binding",
844 Some(Pat { kind: hir::PatKind::Struct(..), .. }) => {
845 e.span_suggestion_verbose(
846 ident.span.shrink_to_hi(),
847 "bind the struct field to a different name instead",
848 format!(": other_{}", ident.as_str().to_lowercase()),
849 Applicability::HasPlaceholders,
853 let (type_def_id, item_def_id) = match pat_ty.kind() {
854 Adt(def, _) => match res {
855 Res::Def(DefKind::Const, def_id) => (Some(def.did()), Some(def_id)),
862 self.tcx.lang_items().range_struct(),
863 self.tcx.lang_items().range_from_struct(),
864 self.tcx.lang_items().range_to_struct(),
865 self.tcx.lang_items().range_full_struct(),
866 self.tcx.lang_items().range_inclusive_struct(),
867 self.tcx.lang_items().range_to_inclusive_struct(),
869 if type_def_id != None && ranges.contains(&type_def_id) {
870 if !self.maybe_suggest_range_literal(&mut e, item_def_id, *ident) {
871 let msg = "constants only support matching by type, \
872 if you meant to match against a range of values, \
873 consider using a range pattern like `min ..= max` in the match block";
877 let msg = "introduce a new binding instead";
878 let sugg = format!("other_{}", ident.as_str().to_lowercase());
883 Applicability::HasPlaceholders,
893 fn check_pat_tuple_struct(
895 pat: &'tcx Pat<'tcx>,
896 qpath: &'tcx hir::QPath<'tcx>,
897 subpats: &'tcx [Pat<'tcx>],
898 ddpos: Option<usize>,
905 let parent_pat = Some(pat);
907 self.check_pat(pat, tcx.ty_error(), def_bm, TopInfo { parent_pat, ..ti });
910 let report_unexpected_res = |res: Res| {
911 let sm = tcx.sess.source_map();
913 .span_to_snippet(sm.span_until_char(pat.span, '('))
914 .map_or_else(|_| String::new(), |s| format!(" `{}`", s.trim_end()));
916 "expected tuple struct or tuple variant, found {}{}",
921 let mut err = struct_span_err!(tcx.sess, pat.span, E0164, "{msg}");
923 Res::Def(DefKind::Fn | DefKind::AssocFn, _) => {
924 err.span_label(pat.span, "`fn` calls are not allowed in patterns");
926 "for more information, visit \
927 https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch18-00-patterns.html",
931 err.span_label(pat.span, "not a tuple variant or struct");
938 // Resolve the path and check the definition for errors.
939 let (res, opt_ty, segments) =
940 self.resolve_ty_and_res_fully_qualified_call(qpath, pat.hir_id, pat.span);
942 self.set_tainted_by_errors();
944 return self.tcx.ty_error();
947 // Type-check the path.
949 self.instantiate_value_path(segments, opt_ty, res, pat.span, pat.hir_id);
951 report_unexpected_res(res);
952 return tcx.ty_error();
955 let variant = match res {
957 self.set_tainted_by_errors();
959 return tcx.ty_error();
961 Res::Def(DefKind::AssocConst | DefKind::AssocFn, _) => {
962 report_unexpected_res(res);
963 return tcx.ty_error();
965 Res::Def(DefKind::Ctor(_, CtorKind::Fn), _) => tcx.expect_variant_res(res),
966 _ => bug!("unexpected pattern resolution: {:?}", res),
969 // Replace constructor type with constructed type for tuple struct patterns.
970 let pat_ty = pat_ty.fn_sig(tcx).output();
971 let pat_ty = pat_ty.no_bound_vars().expect("expected fn type");
973 // Type-check the tuple struct pattern against the expected type.
974 let diag = self.demand_eqtype_pat_diag(pat.span, expected, pat_ty, ti);
975 let had_err = if let Some(mut err) = diag {
982 // Type-check subpatterns.
983 if subpats.len() == variant.fields.len()
984 || subpats.len() < variant.fields.len() && ddpos.is_some()
986 let ty::Adt(_, substs) = pat_ty.kind() else {
987 bug!("unexpected pattern type {:?}", pat_ty);
989 for (i, subpat) in subpats.iter().enumerate_and_adjust(variant.fields.len(), ddpos) {
990 let field_ty = self.field_ty(subpat.span, &variant.fields[i], substs);
991 self.check_pat(subpat, field_ty, def_bm, TopInfo { parent_pat: Some(pat), ..ti });
993 self.tcx.check_stability(
994 variant.fields[i].did,
1001 // Pattern has wrong number of fields.
1002 self.e0023(pat.span, res, qpath, subpats, &variant.fields, expected, had_err);
1004 return tcx.ty_error();
1013 qpath: &hir::QPath<'_>,
1014 subpats: &'tcx [Pat<'tcx>],
1015 fields: &'tcx [ty::FieldDef],
1019 let subpats_ending = pluralize!(subpats.len());
1020 let fields_ending = pluralize!(fields.len());
1022 let subpat_spans = if subpats.is_empty() {
1025 subpats.iter().map(|p| p.span).collect()
1027 let last_subpat_span = *subpat_spans.last().unwrap();
1028 let res_span = self.tcx.def_span(res.def_id());
1029 let def_ident_span = self.tcx.def_ident_span(res.def_id()).unwrap_or(res_span);
1030 let field_def_spans = if fields.is_empty() {
1033 fields.iter().map(|f| f.ident(self.tcx).span).collect()
1035 let last_field_def_span = *field_def_spans.last().unwrap();
1037 let mut err = struct_span_err!(
1039 MultiSpan::from_spans(subpat_spans),
1041 "this pattern has {} field{}, but the corresponding {} has {} field{}",
1050 &format!("expected {} field{}, found {}", fields.len(), fields_ending, subpats.len()),
1052 if self.tcx.sess.source_map().is_multiline(qpath.span().between(last_subpat_span)) {
1053 err.span_label(qpath.span(), "");
1055 if self.tcx.sess.source_map().is_multiline(def_ident_span.between(last_field_def_span)) {
1056 err.span_label(def_ident_span, format!("{} defined here", res.descr()));
1058 for span in &field_def_spans[..field_def_spans.len() - 1] {
1059 err.span_label(*span, "");
1062 last_field_def_span,
1063 &format!("{} has {} field{}", res.descr(), fields.len(), fields_ending),
1066 // Identify the case `Some(x, y)` where the expected type is e.g. `Option<(T, U)>`.
1067 // More generally, the expected type wants a tuple variant with one field of an
1068 // N-arity-tuple, e.g., `V_i((p_0, .., p_N))`. Meanwhile, the user supplied a pattern
1069 // with the subpatterns directly in the tuple variant pattern, e.g., `V_i(p_0, .., p_N)`.
1070 let missing_parentheses = match (&expected.kind(), fields, had_err) {
1071 // #67037: only do this if we could successfully type-check the expected type against
1072 // the tuple struct pattern. Otherwise the substs could get out of range on e.g.,
1073 // `let P() = U;` where `P != U` with `struct P<T>(T);`.
1074 (ty::Adt(_, substs), [field], false) => {
1075 let field_ty = self.field_ty(pat_span, field, substs);
1076 match field_ty.kind() {
1077 ty::Tuple(fields) => fields.len() == subpats.len(),
1083 if missing_parentheses {
1084 let (left, right) = match subpats {
1085 // This is the zero case; we aim to get the "hi" part of the `QPath`'s
1086 // span as the "lo" and then the "hi" part of the pattern's span as the "hi".
1089 // help: missing parentheses
1091 // L | let A(()) = A(());
1093 [] => (qpath.span().shrink_to_hi(), pat_span),
1094 // Easy case. Just take the "lo" of the first sub-pattern and the "hi" of the
1095 // last sub-pattern. In the case of `A(x)` the first and last may coincide.
1098 // help: missing parentheses
1100 // L | let A((x, y)) = A((1, 2));
1102 [first, ..] => (first.span.shrink_to_lo(), subpats.last().unwrap().span),
1104 err.multipart_suggestion(
1105 "missing parentheses",
1106 vec![(left, "(".to_string()), (right.shrink_to_hi(), ")".to_string())],
1107 Applicability::MachineApplicable,
1109 } else if fields.len() > subpats.len() && pat_span != DUMMY_SP {
1110 let after_fields_span = pat_span.with_hi(pat_span.hi() - BytePos(1)).shrink_to_hi();
1111 let all_fields_span = match subpats {
1112 [] => after_fields_span,
1113 [field] => field.span,
1114 [first, .., last] => first.span.to(last.span),
1117 // Check if all the fields in the pattern are wildcards.
1118 let all_wildcards = subpats.iter().all(|pat| matches!(pat.kind, PatKind::Wild));
1119 let first_tail_wildcard =
1120 subpats.iter().enumerate().fold(None, |acc, (pos, pat)| match (acc, &pat.kind) {
1121 (None, PatKind::Wild) => Some(pos),
1122 (Some(_), PatKind::Wild) => acc,
1125 let tail_span = match first_tail_wildcard {
1126 None => after_fields_span,
1127 Some(0) => subpats[0].span.to(after_fields_span),
1128 Some(pos) => subpats[pos - 1].span.shrink_to_hi().to(after_fields_span),
1131 // FIXME: heuristic-based suggestion to check current types for where to add `_`.
1132 let mut wildcard_sugg = vec!["_"; fields.len() - subpats.len()].join(", ");
1133 if !subpats.is_empty() {
1134 wildcard_sugg = String::from(", ") + &wildcard_sugg;
1137 err.span_suggestion_verbose(
1139 "use `_` to explicitly ignore each field",
1141 Applicability::MaybeIncorrect,
1144 // Only suggest `..` if more than one field is missing
1145 // or the pattern consists of all wildcards.
1146 if fields.len() - subpats.len() > 1 || all_wildcards {
1147 if subpats.is_empty() || all_wildcards {
1148 err.span_suggestion_verbose(
1150 "use `..` to ignore all fields",
1152 Applicability::MaybeIncorrect,
1155 err.span_suggestion_verbose(
1157 "use `..` to ignore the rest of the fields",
1158 String::from(", .."),
1159 Applicability::MaybeIncorrect,
1171 elements: &'tcx [Pat<'tcx>],
1172 ddpos: Option<usize>,
1174 def_bm: BindingMode,
1178 let mut expected_len = elements.len();
1179 if ddpos.is_some() {
1180 // Require known type only when `..` is present.
1181 if let ty::Tuple(tys) = self.structurally_resolved_type(span, expected).kind() {
1182 expected_len = tys.len();
1185 let max_len = cmp::max(expected_len, elements.len());
1187 let element_tys_iter = (0..max_len).map(|_| {
1189 // FIXME: `MiscVariable` for now -- obtaining the span and name information
1190 // from all tuple elements isn't trivial.
1191 TypeVariableOrigin { kind: TypeVariableOriginKind::TypeInference, span },
1194 let element_tys = tcx.mk_type_list(element_tys_iter);
1195 let pat_ty = tcx.mk_ty(ty::Tuple(element_tys));
1196 if let Some(mut err) = self.demand_eqtype_pat_diag(span, expected, pat_ty, ti) {
1198 // Walk subpatterns with an expected type of `err` in this case to silence
1199 // further errors being emitted when using the bindings. #50333
1200 let element_tys_iter = (0..max_len).map(|_| tcx.ty_error());
1201 for (_, elem) in elements.iter().enumerate_and_adjust(max_len, ddpos) {
1202 self.check_pat(elem, tcx.ty_error(), def_bm, ti);
1204 tcx.mk_tup(element_tys_iter)
1206 for (i, elem) in elements.iter().enumerate_and_adjust(max_len, ddpos) {
1207 self.check_pat(elem, element_tys[i], def_bm, ti);
1213 fn check_struct_pat_fields(
1216 pat: &'tcx Pat<'tcx>,
1217 variant: &'tcx ty::VariantDef,
1218 fields: &'tcx [hir::PatField<'tcx>],
1220 def_bm: BindingMode,
1225 let ty::Adt(adt, substs) = adt_ty.kind() else {
1226 span_bug!(pat.span, "struct pattern is not an ADT");
1229 // Index the struct fields' types.
1230 let field_map = variant
1234 .map(|(i, field)| (field.ident(self.tcx).normalize_to_macros_2_0(), (i, field)))
1235 .collect::<FxHashMap<_, _>>();
1237 // Keep track of which fields have already appeared in the pattern.
1238 let mut used_fields = FxHashMap::default();
1239 let mut no_field_errors = true;
1241 let mut inexistent_fields = vec![];
1242 // Typecheck each field.
1243 for field in fields {
1244 let span = field.span;
1245 let ident = tcx.adjust_ident(field.ident, variant.def_id);
1246 let field_ty = match used_fields.entry(ident) {
1247 Occupied(occupied) => {
1248 self.error_field_already_bound(span, field.ident, *occupied.get());
1249 no_field_errors = false;
1253 vacant.insert(span);
1257 self.write_field_index(field.hir_id, *i);
1258 self.tcx.check_stability(f.did, Some(pat.hir_id), span, None);
1259 self.field_ty(span, f, substs)
1261 .unwrap_or_else(|| {
1262 inexistent_fields.push(field);
1263 no_field_errors = false;
1269 self.check_pat(field.pat, field_ty, def_bm, TopInfo { parent_pat: Some(pat), ..ti });
1272 let mut unmentioned_fields = variant
1275 .map(|field| (field, field.ident(self.tcx).normalize_to_macros_2_0()))
1276 .filter(|(_, ident)| !used_fields.contains_key(ident))
1277 .collect::<Vec<_>>();
1279 let inexistent_fields_err = if !(inexistent_fields.is_empty() || variant.is_recovered())
1280 && !inexistent_fields.iter().any(|field| field.ident.name == kw::Underscore)
1282 Some(self.error_inexistent_fields(
1283 adt.variant_descr(),
1285 &mut unmentioned_fields,
1293 // Require `..` if struct has non_exhaustive attribute.
1294 let non_exhaustive = variant.is_field_list_non_exhaustive() && !adt.did().is_local();
1295 if non_exhaustive && !has_rest_pat {
1296 self.error_foreign_non_exhaustive_spat(pat, adt.variant_descr(), fields.is_empty());
1299 let mut unmentioned_err = None;
1300 // Report an error if an incorrect number of fields was specified.
1302 if fields.len() != 1 {
1304 .struct_span_err(pat.span, "union patterns should have exactly one field")
1308 tcx.sess.struct_span_err(pat.span, "`..` cannot be used in union patterns").emit();
1310 } else if !unmentioned_fields.is_empty() {
1311 let accessible_unmentioned_fields: Vec<_> = unmentioned_fields
1314 .filter(|(field, _)| {
1315 field.vis.is_accessible_from(tcx.parent_module(pat.hir_id).to_def_id(), tcx)
1317 tcx.eval_stability(field.did, None, DUMMY_SP, None),
1318 EvalResult::Deny { .. }
1320 // We only want to report the error if it is hidden and not local
1321 && !(tcx.is_doc_hidden(field.did) && !field.did.is_local())
1326 if accessible_unmentioned_fields.is_empty() {
1327 unmentioned_err = Some(self.error_no_accessible_fields(pat, fields));
1329 unmentioned_err = Some(self.error_unmentioned_fields(
1331 &accessible_unmentioned_fields,
1332 accessible_unmentioned_fields.len() != unmentioned_fields.len(),
1336 } else if non_exhaustive && !accessible_unmentioned_fields.is_empty() {
1337 self.lint_non_exhaustive_omitted_patterns(
1339 &accessible_unmentioned_fields,
1344 match (inexistent_fields_err, unmentioned_err) {
1345 (Some(mut i), Some(mut u)) => {
1346 if let Some(mut e) = self.error_tuple_variant_as_struct_pat(pat, fields, variant) {
1347 // We don't want to show the nonexistent fields error when this was
1348 // `Foo { a, b }` when it should have been `Foo(a, b)`.
1357 (None, Some(mut u)) => {
1358 if let Some(mut e) = self.error_tuple_variant_as_struct_pat(pat, fields, variant) {
1365 (Some(mut err), None) => {
1368 (None, None) if let Some(mut err) =
1369 self.error_tuple_variant_index_shorthand(variant, pat, fields) =>
1378 fn error_tuple_variant_index_shorthand(
1380 variant: &VariantDef,
1382 fields: &[hir::PatField<'_>],
1383 ) -> Option<DiagnosticBuilder<'_, ErrorGuaranteed>> {
1384 // if this is a tuple struct, then all field names will be numbers
1385 // so if any fields in a struct pattern use shorthand syntax, they will
1386 // be invalid identifiers (for example, Foo { 0, 1 }).
1387 if let (CtorKind::Fn, PatKind::Struct(qpath, field_patterns, ..)) =
1388 (variant.ctor_kind, &pat.kind)
1390 let has_shorthand_field_name = field_patterns.iter().any(|field| field.is_shorthand);
1391 if has_shorthand_field_name {
1392 let path = rustc_hir_pretty::to_string(rustc_hir_pretty::NO_ANN, |s| {
1393 s.print_qpath(qpath, false)
1395 let mut err = struct_span_err!(
1399 "tuple variant `{path}` written as struct variant",
1401 err.span_suggestion_verbose(
1402 qpath.span().shrink_to_hi().to(pat.span.shrink_to_hi()),
1403 "use the tuple variant pattern syntax instead",
1404 format!("({})", self.get_suggested_tuple_struct_pattern(fields, variant)),
1405 Applicability::MaybeIncorrect,
1413 fn error_foreign_non_exhaustive_spat(&self, pat: &Pat<'_>, descr: &str, no_fields: bool) {
1414 let sess = self.tcx.sess;
1415 let sm = sess.source_map();
1416 let sp_brace = sm.end_point(pat.span);
1417 let sp_comma = sm.end_point(pat.span.with_hi(sp_brace.hi()));
1418 let sugg = if no_fields || sp_brace != sp_comma { ".. }" } else { ", .. }" };
1420 let mut err = struct_span_err!(
1424 "`..` required with {descr} marked as non-exhaustive",
1426 err.span_suggestion_verbose(
1428 "add `..` at the end of the field list to ignore all other fields",
1430 Applicability::MachineApplicable,
1435 fn error_field_already_bound(&self, span: Span, ident: Ident, other_field: Span) {
1440 "field `{}` bound multiple times in the pattern",
1443 .span_label(span, format!("multiple uses of `{ident}` in pattern"))
1444 .span_label(other_field, format!("first use of `{ident}`"))
1448 fn error_inexistent_fields(
1451 inexistent_fields: &[&hir::PatField<'tcx>],
1452 unmentioned_fields: &mut Vec<(&'tcx ty::FieldDef, Ident)>,
1453 variant: &ty::VariantDef,
1454 substs: &'tcx ty::List<ty::subst::GenericArg<'tcx>>,
1455 ) -> DiagnosticBuilder<'tcx, ErrorGuaranteed> {
1457 let (field_names, t, plural) = if inexistent_fields.len() == 1 {
1458 (format!("a field named `{}`", inexistent_fields[0].ident), "this", "")
1465 .map(|field| format!("`{}`", field.ident))
1466 .collect::<Vec<String>>()
1473 let spans = inexistent_fields.iter().map(|field| field.ident.span).collect::<Vec<_>>();
1474 let mut err = struct_span_err!(
1478 "{} `{}` does not have {}",
1480 tcx.def_path_str(variant.def_id),
1483 if let Some(pat_field) = inexistent_fields.last() {
1485 pat_field.ident.span,
1487 "{} `{}` does not have {} field{}",
1489 tcx.def_path_str(variant.def_id),
1495 if unmentioned_fields.len() == 1 {
1497 unmentioned_fields.iter().map(|(_, field)| field.name).collect::<Vec<_>>();
1498 let suggested_name = find_best_match_for_name(&input, pat_field.ident.name, None);
1499 if let Some(suggested_name) = suggested_name {
1500 err.span_suggestion(
1501 pat_field.ident.span,
1502 "a field with a similar name exists",
1503 suggested_name.to_string(),
1504 Applicability::MaybeIncorrect,
1507 // When we have a tuple struct used with struct we don't want to suggest using
1508 // the (valid) struct syntax with numeric field names. Instead we want to
1509 // suggest the expected syntax. We infer that this is the case by parsing the
1510 // `Ident` into an unsized integer. The suggestion will be emitted elsewhere in
1511 // `smart_resolve_context_dependent_help`.
1512 if suggested_name.to_ident_string().parse::<usize>().is_err() {
1513 // We don't want to throw `E0027` in case we have thrown `E0026` for them.
1514 unmentioned_fields.retain(|&(_, x)| x.name != suggested_name);
1516 } else if inexistent_fields.len() == 1 {
1517 match pat_field.pat.kind {
1519 if !self.can_coerce(
1520 self.typeck_results.borrow().expr_ty(expr),
1522 unmentioned_fields[0].1.span,
1523 unmentioned_fields[0].0,
1528 let unmentioned_field = unmentioned_fields[0].1.name;
1529 err.span_suggestion_short(
1530 pat_field.ident.span,
1532 "`{}` has a field named `{}`",
1533 tcx.def_path_str(variant.def_id),
1536 unmentioned_field.to_string(),
1537 Applicability::MaybeIncorrect,
1544 if tcx.sess.teach(&err.get_code().unwrap()) {
1546 "This error indicates that a struct pattern attempted to \
1547 extract a non-existent field from a struct. Struct fields \
1548 are identified by the name used before the colon : so struct \
1549 patterns should resemble the declaration of the struct type \
1551 If you are using shorthand field patterns but want to refer \
1552 to the struct field by a different name, you should rename \
1559 fn error_tuple_variant_as_struct_pat(
1562 fields: &'tcx [hir::PatField<'tcx>],
1563 variant: &ty::VariantDef,
1564 ) -> Option<DiagnosticBuilder<'tcx, ErrorGuaranteed>> {
1565 if let (CtorKind::Fn, PatKind::Struct(qpath, ..)) = (variant.ctor_kind, &pat.kind) {
1566 let path = rustc_hir_pretty::to_string(rustc_hir_pretty::NO_ANN, |s| {
1567 s.print_qpath(qpath, false)
1569 let mut err = struct_span_err!(
1573 "tuple variant `{}` written as struct variant",
1576 let (sugg, appl) = if fields.len() == variant.fields.len() {
1578 self.get_suggested_tuple_struct_pattern(fields, variant),
1579 Applicability::MachineApplicable,
1583 variant.fields.iter().map(|_| "_").collect::<Vec<&str>>().join(", "),
1584 Applicability::MaybeIncorrect,
1587 err.span_suggestion_verbose(
1588 qpath.span().shrink_to_hi().to(pat.span.shrink_to_hi()),
1589 "use the tuple variant pattern syntax instead",
1590 format!("({})", sugg),
1598 fn get_suggested_tuple_struct_pattern(
1600 fields: &[hir::PatField<'_>],
1601 variant: &VariantDef,
1603 let variant_field_idents =
1604 variant.fields.iter().map(|f| f.ident(self.tcx)).collect::<Vec<Ident>>();
1608 match self.tcx.sess.source_map().span_to_snippet(field.pat.span) {
1610 // Field names are numbers, but numbers
1611 // are not valid identifiers
1612 if variant_field_idents.contains(&field.ident) {
1618 Err(_) => rustc_hir_pretty::to_string(rustc_hir_pretty::NO_ANN, |s| {
1619 s.print_pat(field.pat)
1623 .collect::<Vec<String>>()
1627 /// Returns a diagnostic reporting a struct pattern which is missing an `..` due to
1628 /// inaccessible fields.
1631 /// error: pattern requires `..` due to inaccessible fields
1632 /// --> src/main.rs:10:9
1634 /// LL | let foo::Foo {} = foo::Foo::default();
1637 /// help: add a `..`
1639 /// LL | let foo::Foo { .. } = foo::Foo::default();
1642 fn error_no_accessible_fields(
1645 fields: &'tcx [hir::PatField<'tcx>],
1646 ) -> DiagnosticBuilder<'tcx, ErrorGuaranteed> {
1650 .struct_span_err(pat.span, "pattern requires `..` due to inaccessible fields");
1652 if let Some(field) = fields.last() {
1653 err.span_suggestion_verbose(
1654 field.span.shrink_to_hi(),
1655 "ignore the inaccessible and unused fields",
1657 Applicability::MachineApplicable,
1660 let qpath_span = if let PatKind::Struct(qpath, ..) = &pat.kind {
1663 bug!("`error_no_accessible_fields` called on non-struct pattern");
1666 // Shrink the span to exclude the `foo:Foo` in `foo::Foo { }`.
1667 let span = pat.span.with_lo(qpath_span.shrink_to_hi().hi());
1668 err.span_suggestion_verbose(
1670 "ignore the inaccessible and unused fields",
1671 " { .. }".to_string(),
1672 Applicability::MachineApplicable,
1678 /// Report that a pattern for a `#[non_exhaustive]` struct marked with `non_exhaustive_omitted_patterns`
1679 /// is not exhaustive enough.
1681 /// Nb: the partner lint for enums lives in `compiler/rustc_mir_build/src/thir/pattern/usefulness.rs`.
1682 fn lint_non_exhaustive_omitted_patterns(
1685 unmentioned_fields: &[(&ty::FieldDef, Ident)],
1688 fn joined_uncovered_patterns(witnesses: &[&Ident]) -> String {
1689 const LIMIT: usize = 3;
1692 [witness] => format!("`{}`", witness),
1693 [head @ .., tail] if head.len() < LIMIT => {
1694 let head: Vec<_> = head.iter().map(<_>::to_string).collect();
1695 format!("`{}` and `{}`", head.join("`, `"), tail)
1698 let (head, tail) = witnesses.split_at(LIMIT);
1699 let head: Vec<_> = head.iter().map(<_>::to_string).collect();
1700 format!("`{}` and {} more", head.join("`, `"), tail.len())
1704 let joined_patterns = joined_uncovered_patterns(
1705 &unmentioned_fields.iter().map(|(_, i)| i).collect::<Vec<_>>(),
1708 self.tcx.struct_span_lint_hir(NON_EXHAUSTIVE_OMITTED_PATTERNS, pat.hir_id, pat.span, |build| {
1709 let mut lint = build.build("some fields are not explicitly listed");
1710 lint.span_label(pat.span, format!("field{} {} not listed", rustc_errors::pluralize!(unmentioned_fields.len()), joined_patterns));
1713 "ensure that all fields are mentioned explicitly by adding the suggested fields",
1716 "the pattern is of type `{}` and the `non_exhaustive_omitted_patterns` attribute was found",
1723 /// Returns a diagnostic reporting a struct pattern which does not mention some fields.
1726 /// error[E0027]: pattern does not mention field `bar`
1727 /// --> src/main.rs:15:9
1729 /// LL | let foo::Foo {} = foo::Foo::new();
1730 /// | ^^^^^^^^^^^ missing field `bar`
1732 fn error_unmentioned_fields(
1735 unmentioned_fields: &[(&ty::FieldDef, Ident)],
1736 have_inaccessible_fields: bool,
1737 fields: &'tcx [hir::PatField<'tcx>],
1738 ) -> DiagnosticBuilder<'tcx, ErrorGuaranteed> {
1739 let inaccessible = if have_inaccessible_fields { " and inaccessible fields" } else { "" };
1740 let field_names = if unmentioned_fields.len() == 1 {
1741 format!("field `{}`{}", unmentioned_fields[0].1, inaccessible)
1743 let fields = unmentioned_fields
1745 .map(|(_, name)| format!("`{}`", name))
1746 .collect::<Vec<String>>()
1748 format!("fields {}{}", fields, inaccessible)
1750 let mut err = struct_span_err!(
1754 "pattern does not mention {}",
1757 err.span_label(pat.span, format!("missing {}", field_names));
1758 let len = unmentioned_fields.len();
1759 let (prefix, postfix, sp) = match fields {
1760 [] => match &pat.kind {
1761 PatKind::Struct(path, [], false) => {
1762 (" { ", " }", path.span().shrink_to_hi().until(pat.span.shrink_to_hi()))
1767 // Account for last field having a trailing comma or parse recovery at the tail of
1768 // the pattern to avoid invalid suggestion (#78511).
1769 let tail = field.span.shrink_to_hi().with_hi(pat.span.hi());
1771 PatKind::Struct(..) => (", ", " }", tail),
1776 err.span_suggestion(
1779 "include the missing field{} in the pattern{}",
1781 if have_inaccessible_fields { " and ignore the inaccessible fields" } else { "" }
1788 .map(|(_, name)| name.to_string())
1789 .collect::<Vec<_>>()
1791 if have_inaccessible_fields { ", .." } else { "" },
1794 Applicability::MachineApplicable,
1796 err.span_suggestion(
1799 "if you don't care about {these} missing field{s}, you can explicitly ignore {them}",
1800 these = pluralize!("this", len),
1801 s = pluralize!(len),
1802 them = if len == 1 { "it" } else { "them" },
1804 format!("{}..{}", prefix, postfix),
1805 Applicability::MachineApplicable,
1813 inner: &'tcx Pat<'tcx>,
1815 def_bm: BindingMode,
1819 let (box_ty, inner_ty) = if self.check_dereferenceable(span, expected, inner) {
1820 // Here, `demand::subtype` is good enough, but I don't
1821 // think any errors can be introduced by using `demand::eqtype`.
1822 let inner_ty = self.next_ty_var(TypeVariableOrigin {
1823 kind: TypeVariableOriginKind::TypeInference,
1826 let box_ty = tcx.mk_box(inner_ty);
1827 self.demand_eqtype_pat(span, expected, box_ty, ti);
1830 let err = tcx.ty_error();
1833 self.check_pat(inner, inner_ty, def_bm, ti);
1839 pat: &'tcx Pat<'tcx>,
1840 inner: &'tcx Pat<'tcx>,
1841 mutbl: hir::Mutability,
1843 def_bm: BindingMode,
1847 let expected = self.shallow_resolve(expected);
1848 let (rptr_ty, inner_ty) = if self.check_dereferenceable(pat.span, expected, inner) {
1849 // `demand::subtype` would be good enough, but using `eqtype` turns
1850 // out to be equally general. See (note_1) for details.
1852 // Take region, inner-type from expected type if we can,
1853 // to avoid creating needless variables. This also helps with
1854 // the bad interactions of the given hack detailed in (note_1).
1855 debug!("check_pat_ref: expected={:?}", expected);
1856 match *expected.kind() {
1857 ty::Ref(_, r_ty, r_mutbl) if r_mutbl == mutbl => (expected, r_ty),
1859 let inner_ty = self.next_ty_var(TypeVariableOrigin {
1860 kind: TypeVariableOriginKind::TypeInference,
1863 let rptr_ty = self.new_ref_ty(pat.span, mutbl, inner_ty);
1864 debug!("check_pat_ref: demanding {:?} = {:?}", expected, rptr_ty);
1865 let err = self.demand_eqtype_pat_diag(pat.span, expected, rptr_ty, ti);
1867 // Look for a case like `fn foo(&foo: u32)` and suggest
1868 // `fn foo(foo: &u32)`
1869 if let Some(mut err) = err {
1870 self.borrow_pat_suggestion(&mut err, pat, inner, expected);
1877 let err = tcx.ty_error();
1880 self.check_pat(inner, inner_ty, def_bm, TopInfo { parent_pat: Some(pat), ..ti });
1884 /// Create a reference type with a fresh region variable.
1885 fn new_ref_ty(&self, span: Span, mutbl: hir::Mutability, ty: Ty<'tcx>) -> Ty<'tcx> {
1886 let region = self.next_region_var(infer::PatternRegion(span));
1887 let mt = ty::TypeAndMut { ty, mutbl };
1888 self.tcx.mk_ref(region, mt)
1891 /// Type check a slice pattern.
1893 /// Syntactically, these look like `[pat_0, ..., pat_n]`.
1894 /// Semantically, we are type checking a pattern with structure:
1896 /// [before_0, ..., before_n, (slice, after_0, ... after_n)?]
1898 /// The type of `slice`, if it is present, depends on the `expected` type.
1899 /// If `slice` is missing, then so is `after_i`.
1900 /// If `slice` is present, it can still represent 0 elements.
1904 before: &'tcx [Pat<'tcx>],
1905 slice: Option<&'tcx Pat<'tcx>>,
1906 after: &'tcx [Pat<'tcx>],
1908 def_bm: BindingMode,
1911 let expected = self.structurally_resolved_type(span, expected);
1912 let (element_ty, opt_slice_ty, inferred) = match *expected.kind() {
1913 // An array, so we might have something like `let [a, b, c] = [0, 1, 2];`.
1914 ty::Array(element_ty, len) => {
1915 let min = before.len() as u64 + after.len() as u64;
1916 let (opt_slice_ty, expected) =
1917 self.check_array_pat_len(span, element_ty, expected, slice, len, min);
1918 // `opt_slice_ty.is_none()` => `slice.is_none()`.
1919 // Note, though, that opt_slice_ty could be `Some(error_ty)`.
1920 assert!(opt_slice_ty.is_some() || slice.is_none());
1921 (element_ty, opt_slice_ty, expected)
1923 ty::Slice(element_ty) => (element_ty, Some(expected), expected),
1924 // The expected type must be an array or slice, but was neither, so error.
1926 if !expected.references_error() {
1927 self.error_expected_array_or_slice(span, expected, ti);
1929 let err = self.tcx.ty_error();
1930 (err, Some(err), err)
1934 // Type check all the patterns before `slice`.
1936 self.check_pat(elt, element_ty, def_bm, ti);
1938 // Type check the `slice`, if present, against its expected type.
1939 if let Some(slice) = slice {
1940 self.check_pat(slice, opt_slice_ty.unwrap(), def_bm, ti);
1942 // Type check the elements after `slice`, if present.
1944 self.check_pat(elt, element_ty, def_bm, ti);
1949 /// Type check the length of an array pattern.
1951 /// Returns both the type of the variable length pattern (or `None`), and the potentially
1952 /// inferred array type. We only return `None` for the slice type if `slice.is_none()`.
1953 fn check_array_pat_len(
1956 element_ty: Ty<'tcx>,
1958 slice: Option<&'tcx Pat<'tcx>>,
1959 len: ty::Const<'tcx>,
1961 ) -> (Option<Ty<'tcx>>, Ty<'tcx>) {
1962 if let Some(len) = len.try_eval_usize(self.tcx, self.param_env) {
1963 // Now we know the length...
1964 if slice.is_none() {
1965 // ...and since there is no variable-length pattern,
1966 // we require an exact match between the number of elements
1967 // in the array pattern and as provided by the matched type.
1969 return (None, arr_ty);
1972 self.error_scrutinee_inconsistent_length(span, min_len, len);
1973 } else if let Some(pat_len) = len.checked_sub(min_len) {
1974 // The variable-length pattern was there,
1975 // so it has an array type with the remaining elements left as its size...
1976 return (Some(self.tcx.mk_array(element_ty, pat_len)), arr_ty);
1978 // ...however, in this case, there were no remaining elements.
1979 // That is, the slice pattern requires more than the array type offers.
1980 self.error_scrutinee_with_rest_inconsistent_length(span, min_len, len);
1982 } else if slice.is_none() {
1983 // We have a pattern with a fixed length,
1984 // which we can use to infer the length of the array.
1985 let updated_arr_ty = self.tcx.mk_array(element_ty, min_len);
1986 self.demand_eqtype(span, updated_arr_ty, arr_ty);
1987 return (None, updated_arr_ty);
1989 // We have a variable-length pattern and don't know the array length.
1990 // This happens if we have e.g.,
1991 // `let [a, b, ..] = arr` where `arr: [T; N]` where `const N: usize`.
1992 self.error_scrutinee_unfixed_length(span);
1995 // If we get here, we must have emitted an error.
1996 (Some(self.tcx.ty_error()), arr_ty)
1999 fn error_scrutinee_inconsistent_length(&self, span: Span, min_len: u64, size: u64) {
2004 "pattern requires {} element{} but array has {}",
2006 pluralize!(min_len),
2009 .span_label(span, format!("expected {} element{}", size, pluralize!(size)))
2013 fn error_scrutinee_with_rest_inconsistent_length(&self, span: Span, min_len: u64, size: u64) {
2018 "pattern requires at least {} element{} but array has {}",
2020 pluralize!(min_len),
2025 format!("pattern cannot match array of {} element{}", size, pluralize!(size),),
2030 fn error_scrutinee_unfixed_length(&self, span: Span) {
2035 "cannot pattern-match on an array without a fixed length",
2040 fn error_expected_array_or_slice(&self, span: Span, expected_ty: Ty<'tcx>, ti: TopInfo<'tcx>) {
2041 let mut err = struct_span_err!(
2045 "expected an array or slice, found `{expected_ty}`"
2047 if let ty::Ref(_, ty, _) = expected_ty.kind()
2048 && let ty::Array(..) | ty::Slice(..) = ty.kind()
2050 err.help("the semantics of slice patterns changed recently; see issue #62254");
2051 } else if Autoderef::new(&self.infcx, self.param_env, self.body_id, span, expected_ty, span)
2052 .any(|(ty, _)| matches!(ty.kind(), ty::Slice(..) | ty::Array(..)))
2053 && let (Some(span), true) = (ti.span, ti.origin_expr)
2054 && let Ok(snippet) = self.tcx.sess.source_map().span_to_snippet(span)
2056 let ty = self.resolve_vars_if_possible(ti.expected);
2057 let is_slice_or_array_or_vector = self.is_slice_or_array_or_vector(&mut err, snippet.clone(), ty);
2058 match is_slice_or_array_or_vector.1.kind() {
2060 if self.tcx.is_diagnostic_item(sym::Option, adt_def.did())
2061 || self.tcx.is_diagnostic_item(sym::Result, adt_def.did()) =>
2063 // Slicing won't work here, but `.as_deref()` might (issue #91328).
2064 err.span_suggestion(
2066 "consider using `as_deref` here",
2067 format!("{snippet}.as_deref()"),
2068 Applicability::MaybeIncorrect,
2073 if is_slice_or_array_or_vector.0 {
2074 err.span_suggestion(
2076 "consider slicing here",
2077 format!("{snippet}[..]"),
2078 Applicability::MachineApplicable,
2082 err.span_label(span, format!("pattern cannot match with input type `{expected_ty}`"));
2086 fn is_slice_or_array_or_vector(
2088 err: &mut Diagnostic,
2091 ) -> (bool, Ty<'tcx>) {
2093 ty::Adt(adt_def, _) if self.tcx.is_diagnostic_item(sym::Vec, adt_def.did()) => {
2096 ty::Ref(_, ty, _) => self.is_slice_or_array_or_vector(err, snippet, *ty),
2097 ty::Slice(..) | ty::Array(..) => (true, ty),