compiler/rustc_typeck/src/check/expr.rs

   1 //! Type checking expressions.
   2 //!
   3 //! See `mod.rs` for more context on type checking in general.
   4
   5 use crate::astconv::AstConv as _;
   6 use crate::check::cast;
   7 use crate::check::coercion::CoerceMany;
   8 use crate::check::fatally_break_rust;
   9 use crate::check::method::{probe, MethodError, SelfSource};
  10 use crate::check::report_unexpected_variant_res;
  11 use crate::check::BreakableCtxt;
  12 use crate::check::Diverges;
  13 use crate::check::Expectation::{self, ExpectCastableToType, ExpectHasType, NoExpectation};
  14 use crate::check::FnCtxt;
  15 use crate::check::Needs;
  16 use crate::check::TupleArgumentsFlag::DontTupleArguments;
  17 use crate::errors::{
  18     FieldMultiplySpecifiedInInitializer, FunctionalRecordUpdateOnNonStruct,
  19     YieldExprOutsideOfGenerator,
  20 };
  21 use crate::type_error_struct;
  22
  23 use crate::errors::{AddressOfTemporaryTaken, ReturnStmtOutsideOfFnBody, StructExprNonExhaustive};
  24 use rustc_ast as ast;
  25 use rustc_data_structures::fx::FxHashMap;
  26 use rustc_data_structures::stack::ensure_sufficient_stack;
  27 use rustc_errors::ErrorReported;
  28 use rustc_errors::{pluralize, struct_span_err, Applicability, DiagnosticBuilder, DiagnosticId};
  29 use rustc_hir as hir;
  30 use rustc_hir::def::{CtorKind, DefKind, Res};
  31 use rustc_hir::def_id::DefId;
  32 use rustc_hir::lang_items::LangItem;
  33 use rustc_hir::{ExprKind, QPath};
  34 use rustc_infer::infer;
  35 use rustc_infer::infer::type_variable::{TypeVariableOrigin, TypeVariableOriginKind};
  36 use rustc_middle::ty;
  37 use rustc_middle::ty::adjustment::{Adjust, Adjustment, AllowTwoPhase};
  38 use rustc_middle::ty::Ty;
  39 use rustc_middle::ty::TypeFoldable;
  40 use rustc_middle::ty::{AdtKind, Visibility};
  41 use rustc_span::hygiene::DesugaringKind;
  42 use rustc_span::lev_distance::find_best_match_for_name;
  43 use rustc_span::source_map::Span;
  44 use rustc_span::symbol::{kw, sym, Ident, Symbol};
  45 use rustc_trait_selection::traits::{self, ObligationCauseCode};
  46
  47 use std::fmt::Display;
  48
  49 impl<'a, 'tcx> FnCtxt<'a, 'tcx> {
  50     fn check_expr_eq_type(&self, expr: &'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>, expected: Ty<'tcx>) {
  51         let ty = self.check_expr_with_hint(expr, expected);
  52         self.demand_eqtype(expr.span, expected, ty);
  53     }
  54
  55     pub fn check_expr_has_type_or_error(
  56         &self,
  57         expr: &'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>,
  58         expected: Ty<'tcx>,
  59         extend_err: impl Fn(&mut DiagnosticBuilder<'_>),
  60     ) -> Ty<'tcx> {
  61         self.check_expr_meets_expectation_or_error(expr, ExpectHasType(expected), extend_err)
  62     }
  63
  64     fn check_expr_meets_expectation_or_error(
  65         &self,
  66         expr: &'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>,
  67         expected: Expectation<'tcx>,
  68         extend_err: impl Fn(&mut DiagnosticBuilder<'_>),
  69     ) -> Ty<'tcx> {
  70         let expected_ty = expected.to_option(&self).unwrap_or(self.tcx.types.bool);
  71         let mut ty = self.check_expr_with_expectation(expr, expected);
  72
  73         // While we don't allow *arbitrary* coercions here, we *do* allow
  74         // coercions from ! to `expected`.
  75         if ty.is_never() {
  76             assert!(
  77                 !self.typeck_results.borrow().adjustments().contains_key(expr.hir_id),
  78                 "expression with never type wound up being adjusted"
  79             );
  80             let adj_ty = self.next_diverging_ty_var(TypeVariableOrigin {
  81                 kind: TypeVariableOriginKind::AdjustmentType,
  82                 span: expr.span,
  83             });
  84             self.apply_adjustments(
  85                 expr,
  86                 vec![Adjustment { kind: Adjust::NeverToAny, target: adj_ty }],
  87             );
  88             ty = adj_ty;
  89         }
  90
  91         if let Some(mut err) = self.demand_suptype_diag(expr.span, expected_ty, ty) {
  92             let expr = expr.peel_drop_temps();
  93             self.suggest_deref_ref_or_into(&mut err, expr, expected_ty, ty, None);
  94             extend_err(&mut err);
  95             // Error possibly reported in `check_assign` so avoid emitting error again.
  96             err.emit_unless(self.is_assign_to_bool(expr, expected_ty));
  97         }
  98         ty
  99     }
 100
 101     pub(super) fn check_expr_coercable_to_type(
 102         &self,
 103         expr: &'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>,
 104         expected: Ty<'tcx>,
 105         expected_ty_expr: Option<&'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>>,
 106     ) -> Ty<'tcx> {
 107         let ty = self.check_expr_with_hint(expr, expected);
 108         // checks don't need two phase
 109         self.demand_coerce(expr, ty, expected, expected_ty_expr, AllowTwoPhase::No)
 110     }
 111
 112     pub(super) fn check_expr_with_hint(
 113         &self,
 114         expr: &'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>,
 115         expected: Ty<'tcx>,
 116     ) -> Ty<'tcx> {
 117         self.check_expr_with_expectation(expr, ExpectHasType(expected))
 118     }
 119
 120     fn check_expr_with_expectation_and_needs(
 121         &self,
 122         expr: &'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>,
 123         expected: Expectation<'tcx>,
 124         needs: Needs,
 125     ) -> Ty<'tcx> {
 126         let ty = self.check_expr_with_expectation(expr, expected);
 127
 128         // If the expression is used in a place whether mutable place is required
 129         // e.g. LHS of assignment, perform the conversion.
 130         if let Needs::MutPlace = needs {
 131             self.convert_place_derefs_to_mutable(expr);
 132         }
 133
 134         ty
 135     }
 136
 137     pub(super) fn check_expr(&self, expr: &'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>) -> Ty<'tcx> {
 138         self.check_expr_with_expectation(expr, NoExpectation)
 139     }
 140
 141     pub(super) fn check_expr_with_needs(
 142         &self,
 143         expr: &'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>,
 144         needs: Needs,
 145     ) -> Ty<'tcx> {
 146         self.check_expr_with_expectation_and_needs(expr, NoExpectation, needs)
 147     }
 148
 149     /// Invariant:
 150     /// If an expression has any sub-expressions that result in a type error,
 151     /// inspecting that expression's type with `ty.references_error()` will return
 152     /// true. Likewise, if an expression is known to diverge, inspecting its
 153     /// type with `ty::type_is_bot` will return true (n.b.: since Rust is
 154     /// strict, _|_ can appear in the type of an expression that does not,
 155     /// itself, diverge: for example, fn() -> _|_.)
 156     /// Note that inspecting a type's structure *directly* may expose the fact
 157     /// that there are actually multiple representations for `Error`, so avoid
 158     /// that when err needs to be handled differently.
 159     pub(super) fn check_expr_with_expectation(
 160         &self,
 161         expr: &'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>,
 162         expected: Expectation<'tcx>,
 163     ) -> Ty<'tcx> {
 164         debug!(">> type-checking: expr={:?} expected={:?}", expr, expected);
 165
 166         // True if `expr` is a `Try::from_ok(())` that is a result of desugaring a try block
 167         // without the final expr (e.g. `try { return; }`). We don't want to generate an
 168         // unreachable_code lint for it since warnings for autogenerated code are confusing.
 169         let is_try_block_generated_unit_expr = match expr.kind {
 170             ExprKind::Call(_, ref args) if expr.span.is_desugaring(DesugaringKind::TryBlock) => {
 171                 args.len() == 1 && args[0].span.is_desugaring(DesugaringKind::TryBlock)
 172             }
 173
 174             _ => false,
 175         };
 176
 177         // Warn for expressions after diverging siblings.
 178         if !is_try_block_generated_unit_expr {
 179             self.warn_if_unreachable(expr.hir_id, expr.span, "expression");
 180         }
 181
 182         // Hide the outer diverging and has_errors flags.
 183         let old_diverges = self.diverges.replace(Diverges::Maybe);
 184         let old_has_errors = self.has_errors.replace(false);
 185
 186         let ty = ensure_sufficient_stack(|| self.check_expr_kind(expr, expected));
 187
 188         // Warn for non-block expressions with diverging children.
 189         match expr.kind {
 190             ExprKind::Block(..) | ExprKind::Loop(..) | ExprKind::Match(..) => {}
 191             // If `expr` is a result of desugaring the try block and is an ok-wrapped
 192             // diverging expression (e.g. it arose from desugaring of `try { return }`),
 193             // we skip issuing a warning because it is autogenerated code.
 194             ExprKind::Call(..) if expr.span.is_desugaring(DesugaringKind::TryBlock) => {}
 195             ExprKind::Call(ref callee, _) => {
 196                 self.warn_if_unreachable(expr.hir_id, callee.span, "call")
 197             }
 198             ExprKind::MethodCall(_, ref span, _, _) => {
 199                 self.warn_if_unreachable(expr.hir_id, *span, "call")
 200             }
 201             _ => self.warn_if_unreachable(expr.hir_id, expr.span, "expression"),
 202         }
 203
 204         // Any expression that produces a value of type `!` must have diverged
 205         if ty.is_never() {
 206             self.diverges.set(self.diverges.get() | Diverges::always(expr.span));
 207         }
 208
 209         // Record the type, which applies it effects.
 210         // We need to do this after the warning above, so that
 211         // we don't warn for the diverging expression itself.
 212         self.write_ty(expr.hir_id, ty);
 213
 214         // Combine the diverging and has_error flags.
 215         self.diverges.set(self.diverges.get() | old_diverges);
 216         self.has_errors.set(self.has_errors.get() | old_has_errors);
 217
 218         debug!("type of {} is...", self.tcx.hir().node_to_string(expr.hir_id));
 219         debug!("... {:?}, expected is {:?}", ty, expected);
 220
 221         ty
 222     }
 223
 224     fn check_expr_kind(
 225         &self,
 226         expr: &'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>,
 227         expected: Expectation<'tcx>,
 228     ) -> Ty<'tcx> {
 229         debug!("check_expr_kind(expr={:?}, expected={:?})", expr, expected);
 230
 231         let tcx = self.tcx;
 232         match expr.kind {
 233             ExprKind::Box(ref subexpr) => self.check_expr_box(subexpr, expected),
 234             ExprKind::Lit(ref lit) => self.check_lit(&lit, expected),
 235             ExprKind::Binary(op, ref lhs, ref rhs) => self.check_binop(expr, op, lhs, rhs),
 236             ExprKind::Assign(ref lhs, ref rhs, ref span) => {
 237                 self.check_expr_assign(expr, expected, lhs, rhs, span)
 238             }
 239             ExprKind::AssignOp(op, ref lhs, ref rhs) => self.check_binop_assign(expr, op, lhs, rhs),
 240             ExprKind::Unary(unop, ref oprnd) => self.check_expr_unary(unop, oprnd, expected, expr),
 241             ExprKind::AddrOf(kind, mutbl, ref oprnd) => {
 242                 self.check_expr_addr_of(kind, mutbl, oprnd, expected, expr)
 243             }
 244             ExprKind::Path(QPath::LangItem(lang_item, _)) => {
 245                 self.check_lang_item_path(lang_item, expr)
 246             }
 247             ExprKind::Path(ref qpath) => self.check_expr_path(qpath, expr),
 248             ExprKind::InlineAsm(asm) => self.check_expr_asm(asm),
 249             ExprKind::LlvmInlineAsm(ref asm) => {
 250                 for expr in asm.outputs_exprs.iter().chain(asm.inputs_exprs.iter()) {
 251                     self.check_expr(expr);
 252                 }
 253                 tcx.mk_unit()
 254             }
 255             ExprKind::Break(destination, ref expr_opt) => {
 256                 self.check_expr_break(destination, expr_opt.as_deref(), expr)
 257             }
 258             ExprKind::Continue(destination) => {
 259                 if destination.target_id.is_ok() {
 260                     tcx.types.never
 261                 } else {
 262                     // There was an error; make type-check fail.
 263                     tcx.ty_error()
 264                 }
 265             }
 266             ExprKind::Ret(ref expr_opt) => self.check_expr_return(expr_opt.as_deref(), expr),
 267             ExprKind::Loop(ref body, _, source) => {
 268                 self.check_expr_loop(body, source, expected, expr)
 269             }
 270             ExprKind::Match(ref discrim, ref arms, match_src) => {
 271                 self.check_match(expr, &discrim, arms, expected, match_src)
 272             }
 273             ExprKind::Closure(capture, ref decl, body_id, _, gen) => {
 274                 self.check_expr_closure(expr, capture, &decl, body_id, gen, expected)
 275             }
 276             ExprKind::Block(ref body, _) => self.check_block_with_expected(&body, expected),
 277             ExprKind::Call(ref callee, ref args) => self.check_call(expr, &callee, args, expected),
 278             ExprKind::MethodCall(ref segment, span, ref args, _) => {
 279                 self.check_method_call(expr, segment, span, args, expected)
 280             }
 281             ExprKind::Cast(ref e, ref t) => self.check_expr_cast(e, t, expr),
 282             ExprKind::Type(ref e, ref t) => {
 283                 let ty = self.to_ty_saving_user_provided_ty(&t);
 284                 self.check_expr_eq_type(&e, ty);
 285                 ty
 286             }
 287             ExprKind::DropTemps(ref e) => self.check_expr_with_expectation(e, expected),
 288             ExprKind::Array(ref args) => self.check_expr_array(args, expected, expr),
 289             ExprKind::ConstBlock(ref anon_const) => self.to_const(anon_const).ty,
 290             ExprKind::Repeat(ref element, ref count) => {
 291                 self.check_expr_repeat(element, count, expected, expr)
 292             }
 293             ExprKind::Tup(ref elts) => self.check_expr_tuple(elts, expected, expr),
 294             ExprKind::Struct(ref qpath, fields, ref base_expr) => {
 295                 self.check_expr_struct(expr, expected, qpath, fields, base_expr)
 296             }
 297             ExprKind::Field(ref base, field) => self.check_field(expr, &base, field),
 298             ExprKind::Index(ref base, ref idx) => self.check_expr_index(base, idx, expr),
 299             ExprKind::Yield(ref value, ref src) => self.check_expr_yield(value, expr, src),
 300             hir::ExprKind::Err => tcx.ty_error(),
 301         }
 302     }
 303
 304     fn check_expr_box(&self, expr: &'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>, expected: Expectation<'tcx>) -> Ty<'tcx> {
 305         let expected_inner = expected.to_option(self).map_or(NoExpectation, |ty| match ty.kind() {
 306             ty::Adt(def, _) if def.is_box() => Expectation::rvalue_hint(self, ty.boxed_ty()),
 307             _ => NoExpectation,
 308         });
 309         let referent_ty = self.check_expr_with_expectation(expr, expected_inner);
 310         self.tcx.mk_box(referent_ty)
 311     }
 312
 313     fn check_expr_unary(
 314         &self,
 315         unop: hir::UnOp,
 316         oprnd: &'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>,
 317         expected: Expectation<'tcx>,
 318         expr: &'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>,
 319     ) -> Ty<'tcx> {
 320         let tcx = self.tcx;
 321         let expected_inner = match unop {
 322             hir::UnOp::UnNot | hir::UnOp::UnNeg => expected,
 323             hir::UnOp::UnDeref => NoExpectation,
 324         };
 325         let mut oprnd_t = self.check_expr_with_expectation(&oprnd, expected_inner);
 326
 327         if !oprnd_t.references_error() {
 328             oprnd_t = self.structurally_resolved_type(expr.span, oprnd_t);
 329             match unop {
 330                 hir::UnOp::UnDeref => {
 331                     if let Some(ty) = self.lookup_derefing(expr, oprnd, oprnd_t) {
 332                         oprnd_t = ty;
 333                     } else {
 334                         let mut err = type_error_struct!(
 335                             tcx.sess,
 336                             expr.span,
 337                             oprnd_t,
 338                             E0614,
 339                             "type `{}` cannot be dereferenced",
 340                             oprnd_t,
 341                         );
 342                         let sp = tcx.sess.source_map().start_point(expr.span);
 343                         if let Some(sp) =
 344                             tcx.sess.parse_sess.ambiguous_block_expr_parse.borrow().get(&sp)
 345                         {
 346                             tcx.sess.parse_sess.expr_parentheses_needed(&mut err, *sp, None);
 347                         }
 348                         err.emit();
 349                         oprnd_t = tcx.ty_error();
 350                     }
 351                 }
 352                 hir::UnOp::UnNot => {
 353                     let result = self.check_user_unop(expr, oprnd_t, unop);
 354                     // If it's builtin, we can reuse the type, this helps inference.
 355                     if !(oprnd_t.is_integral() || *oprnd_t.kind() == ty::Bool) {
 356                         oprnd_t = result;
 357                     }
 358                 }
 359                 hir::UnOp::UnNeg => {
 360                     let result = self.check_user_unop(expr, oprnd_t, unop);
 361                     // If it's builtin, we can reuse the type, this helps inference.
 362                     if !oprnd_t.is_numeric() {
 363                         oprnd_t = result;
 364                     }
 365                 }
 366             }
 367         }
 368         oprnd_t
 369     }
 370
 371     fn check_expr_addr_of(
 372         &self,
 373         kind: hir::BorrowKind,
 374         mutbl: hir::Mutability,
 375         oprnd: &'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>,
 376         expected: Expectation<'tcx>,
 377         expr: &'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>,
 378     ) -> Ty<'tcx> {
 379         let hint = expected.only_has_type(self).map_or(NoExpectation, |ty| {
 380             match ty.kind() {
 381                 ty::Ref(_, ty, _) | ty::RawPtr(ty::TypeAndMut { ty, .. }) => {
 382                     if oprnd.is_syntactic_place_expr() {
 383                         // Places may legitimately have unsized types.
 384                         // For example, dereferences of a fat pointer and
 385                         // the last field of a struct can be unsized.
 386                         ExpectHasType(ty)
 387                     } else {
 388                         Expectation::rvalue_hint(self, ty)
 389                     }
 390                 }
 391                 _ => NoExpectation,
 392             }
 393         });
 394         let ty =
 395             self.check_expr_with_expectation_and_needs(&oprnd, hint, Needs::maybe_mut_place(mutbl));
 396
 397         let tm = ty::TypeAndMut { ty, mutbl };
 398         match kind {
 399             _ if tm.ty.references_error() => self.tcx.ty_error(),
 400             hir::BorrowKind::Raw => {
 401                 self.check_named_place_expr(oprnd);
 402                 self.tcx.mk_ptr(tm)
 403             }
 404             hir::BorrowKind::Ref => {
 405                 // Note: at this point, we cannot say what the best lifetime
 406                 // is to use for resulting pointer.  We want to use the
 407                 // shortest lifetime possible so as to avoid spurious borrowck
 408                 // errors.  Moreover, the longest lifetime will depend on the
 409                 // precise details of the value whose address is being taken
 410                 // (and how long it is valid), which we don't know yet until
 411                 // type inference is complete.
 412                 //
 413                 // Therefore, here we simply generate a region variable. The
 414                 // region inferencer will then select a suitable value.
 415                 // Finally, borrowck will infer the value of the region again,
 416                 // this time with enough precision to check that the value
 417                 // whose address was taken can actually be made to live as long
 418                 // as it needs to live.
 419                 let region = self.next_region_var(infer::AddrOfRegion(expr.span));
 420                 self.tcx.mk_ref(region, tm)
 421             }
 422         }
 423     }
 424
 425     /// Does this expression refer to a place that either:
 426     /// * Is based on a local or static.
 427     /// * Contains a dereference
 428     /// Note that the adjustments for the children of `expr` should already
 429     /// have been resolved.
 430     fn check_named_place_expr(&self, oprnd: &'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>) {
 431         let is_named = oprnd.is_place_expr(|base| {
 432             // Allow raw borrows if there are any deref adjustments.
 433             //
 434             // const VAL: (i32,) = (0,);
 435             // const REF: &(i32,) = &(0,);
 436             //
 437             // &raw const VAL.0;            // ERROR
 438             // &raw const REF.0;            // OK, same as &raw const (*REF).0;
 439             //
 440             // This is maybe too permissive, since it allows
 441             // `let u = &raw const Box::new((1,)).0`, which creates an
 442             // immediately dangling raw pointer.
 443             self.typeck_results
 444                 .borrow()
 445                 .adjustments()
 446                 .get(base.hir_id)
 447                 .map_or(false, |x| x.iter().any(|adj| matches!(adj.kind, Adjust::Deref(_))))
 448         });
 449         if !is_named {
 450             self.tcx.sess.emit_err(AddressOfTemporaryTaken { span: oprnd.span })
 451         }
 452     }
 453
 454     fn check_lang_item_path(
 455         &self,
 456         lang_item: hir::LangItem,
 457         expr: &'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>,
 458     ) -> Ty<'tcx> {
 459         self.resolve_lang_item_path(lang_item, expr.span, expr.hir_id).1
 460     }
 461
 462     fn check_expr_path(&self, qpath: &hir::QPath<'_>, expr: &'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>) -> Ty<'tcx> {
 463         let tcx = self.tcx;
 464         let (res, opt_ty, segs) = self.resolve_ty_and_res_ufcs(qpath, expr.hir_id, expr.span);
 465         let ty = match res {
 466             Res::Err => {
 467                 self.set_tainted_by_errors();
 468                 tcx.ty_error()
 469             }
 470             Res::Def(DefKind::Ctor(_, CtorKind::Fictive), _) => {
 471                 report_unexpected_variant_res(tcx, res, expr.span);
 472                 tcx.ty_error()
 473             }
 474             _ => self.instantiate_value_path(segs, opt_ty, res, expr.span, expr.hir_id).0,
 475         };
 476
 477         if let ty::FnDef(..) = ty.kind() {
 478             let fn_sig = ty.fn_sig(tcx);
 479             if !tcx.features().unsized_fn_params {
 480                 // We want to remove some Sized bounds from std functions,
 481                 // but don't want to expose the removal to stable Rust.
 482                 // i.e., we don't want to allow
 483                 //
 484                 // ```rust
 485                 // drop as fn(str);
 486                 // ```
 487                 //
 488                 // to work in stable even if the Sized bound on `drop` is relaxed.
 489                 for i in 0..fn_sig.inputs().skip_binder().len() {
 490                     // We just want to check sizedness, so instead of introducing
 491                     // placeholder lifetimes with probing, we just replace higher lifetimes
 492                     // with fresh vars.
 493                     let input = self
 494                         .replace_bound_vars_with_fresh_vars(
 495                             expr.span,
 496                             infer::LateBoundRegionConversionTime::FnCall,
 497                             fn_sig.input(i),
 498                         )
 499                         .0;
 500                     self.require_type_is_sized_deferred(
 501                         input,
 502                         expr.span,
 503                         traits::SizedArgumentType(None),
 504                     );
 505                 }
 506             }
 507             // Here we want to prevent struct constructors from returning unsized types.
 508             // There were two cases this happened: fn pointer coercion in stable
 509             // and usual function call in presence of unsized_locals.
 510             // Also, as we just want to check sizedness, instead of introducing
 511             // placeholder lifetimes with probing, we just replace higher lifetimes
 512             // with fresh vars.
 513             let output = self
 514                 .replace_bound_vars_with_fresh_vars(
 515                     expr.span,
 516                     infer::LateBoundRegionConversionTime::FnCall,
 517                     fn_sig.output(),
 518                 )
 519                 .0;
 520             self.require_type_is_sized_deferred(output, expr.span, traits::SizedReturnType);
 521         }
 522
 523         // We always require that the type provided as the value for
 524         // a type parameter outlives the moment of instantiation.
 525         let substs = self.typeck_results.borrow().node_substs(expr.hir_id);
 526         self.add_wf_bounds(substs, expr);
 527
 528         ty
 529     }
 530
 531     fn check_expr_break(
 532         &self,
 533         destination: hir::Destination,
 534         expr_opt: Option<&'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>>,
 535         expr: &'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>,
 536     ) -> Ty<'tcx> {
 537         let tcx = self.tcx;
 538         if let Ok(target_id) = destination.target_id {
 539             let (e_ty, cause);
 540             if let Some(ref e) = expr_opt {
 541                 // If this is a break with a value, we need to type-check
 542                 // the expression. Get an expected type from the loop context.
 543                 let opt_coerce_to = {
 544                     // We should release `enclosing_breakables` before the `check_expr_with_hint`
 545                     // below, so can't move this block of code to the enclosing scope and share
 546                     // `ctxt` with the second `encloding_breakables` borrow below.
 547                     let mut enclosing_breakables = self.enclosing_breakables.borrow_mut();
 548                     match enclosing_breakables.opt_find_breakable(target_id) {
 549                         Some(ctxt) => ctxt.coerce.as_ref().map(|coerce| coerce.expected_ty()),
 550                         None => {
 551                             // Avoid ICE when `break` is inside a closure (#65383).
 552                             return tcx.ty_error_with_message(
 553                                 expr.span,
 554                                 "break was outside loop, but no error was emitted",
 555                             );
 556                         }
 557                     }
 558                 };
 559
 560                 // If the loop context is not a `loop { }`, then break with
 561                 // a value is illegal, and `opt_coerce_to` will be `None`.
 562                 // Just set expectation to error in that case.
 563                 let coerce_to = opt_coerce_to.unwrap_or_else(|| tcx.ty_error());
 564
 565                 // Recurse without `enclosing_breakables` borrowed.
 566                 e_ty = self.check_expr_with_hint(e, coerce_to);
 567                 cause = self.misc(e.span);
 568             } else {
 569                 // Otherwise, this is a break *without* a value. That's
 570                 // always legal, and is equivalent to `break ()`.
 571                 e_ty = tcx.mk_unit();
 572                 cause = self.misc(expr.span);
 573             }
 574
 575             // Now that we have type-checked `expr_opt`, borrow
 576             // the `enclosing_loops` field and let's coerce the
 577             // type of `expr_opt` into what is expected.
 578             let mut enclosing_breakables = self.enclosing_breakables.borrow_mut();
 579             let ctxt = match enclosing_breakables.opt_find_breakable(target_id) {
 580                 Some(ctxt) => ctxt,
 581                 None => {
 582                     // Avoid ICE when `break` is inside a closure (#65383).
 583                     return tcx.ty_error_with_message(
 584                         expr.span,
 585                         "break was outside loop, but no error was emitted",
 586                     );
 587                 }
 588             };
 589
 590             if let Some(ref mut coerce) = ctxt.coerce {
 591                 if let Some(ref e) = expr_opt {
 592                     coerce.coerce(self, &cause, e, e_ty);
 593                 } else {
 594                     assert!(e_ty.is_unit());
 595                     let ty = coerce.expected_ty();
 596                     coerce.coerce_forced_unit(
 597                         self,
 598                         &cause,
 599                         &mut |mut err| {
 600                             self.suggest_mismatched_types_on_tail(
 601                                 &mut err, expr, ty, e_ty, cause.span, target_id,
 602                             );
 603                             if let Some(val) = ty_kind_suggestion(ty) {
 604                                 let label = destination
 605                                     .label
 606                                     .map(|l| format!(" {}", l.ident))
 607                                     .unwrap_or_else(String::new);
 608                                 err.span_suggestion(
 609                                     expr.span,
 610                                     "give it a value of the expected type",
 611                                     format!("break{} {}", label, val),
 612                                     Applicability::HasPlaceholders,
 613                                 );
 614                             }
 615                         },
 616                         false,
 617                     );
 618                 }
 619             } else {
 620                 // If `ctxt.coerce` is `None`, we can just ignore
 621                 // the type of the expression.  This is because
 622                 // either this was a break *without* a value, in
 623                 // which case it is always a legal type (`()`), or
 624                 // else an error would have been flagged by the
 625                 // `loops` pass for using break with an expression
 626                 // where you are not supposed to.
 627                 assert!(expr_opt.is_none() || self.tcx.sess.has_errors());
 628             }
 629
 630             // If we encountered a `break`, then (no surprise) it may be possible to break from the
 631             // loop... unless the value being returned from the loop diverges itself, e.g.
 632             // `break return 5` or `break loop {}`.
 633             ctxt.may_break |= !self.diverges.get().is_always();
 634
 635             // the type of a `break` is always `!`, since it diverges
 636             tcx.types.never
 637         } else {
 638             // Otherwise, we failed to find the enclosing loop;
 639             // this can only happen if the `break` was not
 640             // inside a loop at all, which is caught by the
 641             // loop-checking pass.
 642             let err = self.tcx.ty_error_with_message(
 643                 expr.span,
 644                 "break was outside loop, but no error was emitted",
 645             );
 646
 647             // We still need to assign a type to the inner expression to
 648             // prevent the ICE in #43162.
 649             if let Some(ref e) = expr_opt {
 650                 self.check_expr_with_hint(e, err);
 651
 652                 // ... except when we try to 'break rust;'.
 653                 // ICE this expression in particular (see #43162).
 654                 if let ExprKind::Path(QPath::Resolved(_, ref path)) = e.kind {
 655                     if path.segments.len() == 1 && path.segments[0].ident.name == sym::rust {
 656                         fatally_break_rust(self.tcx.sess);
 657                     }
 658                 }
 659             }
 660
 661             // There was an error; make type-check fail.
 662             err
 663         }
 664     }
 665
 666     fn check_expr_return(
 667         &self,
 668         expr_opt: Option<&'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>>,
 669         expr: &'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>,
 670     ) -> Ty<'tcx> {
 671         if self.ret_coercion.is_none() {
 672             self.tcx.sess.emit_err(ReturnStmtOutsideOfFnBody { span: expr.span });
 673         } else if let Some(ref e) = expr_opt {
 674             if self.ret_coercion_span.borrow().is_none() {
 675                 *self.ret_coercion_span.borrow_mut() = Some(e.span);
 676             }
 677             self.check_return_expr(e);
 678         } else {
 679             let mut coercion = self.ret_coercion.as_ref().unwrap().borrow_mut();
 680             if self.ret_coercion_span.borrow().is_none() {
 681                 *self.ret_coercion_span.borrow_mut() = Some(expr.span);
 682             }
 683             let cause = self.cause(expr.span, ObligationCauseCode::ReturnNoExpression);
 684             if let Some((fn_decl, _)) = self.get_fn_decl(expr.hir_id) {
 685                 coercion.coerce_forced_unit(
 686                     self,
 687                     &cause,
 688                     &mut |db| {
 689                         let span = fn_decl.output.span();
 690                         if let Ok(snippet) = self.tcx.sess.source_map().span_to_snippet(span) {
 691                             db.span_label(
 692                                 span,
 693                                 format!("expected `{}` because of this return type", snippet),
 694                             );
 695                         }
 696                     },
 697                     true,
 698                 );
 699             } else {
 700                 coercion.coerce_forced_unit(self, &cause, &mut |_| (), true);
 701             }
 702         }
 703         self.tcx.types.never
 704     }
 705
 706     pub(super) fn check_return_expr(&self, return_expr: &'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>) {
 707         let ret_coercion = self.ret_coercion.as_ref().unwrap_or_else(|| {
 708             span_bug!(return_expr.span, "check_return_expr called outside fn body")
 709         });
 710
 711         let ret_ty = ret_coercion.borrow().expected_ty();
 712         let return_expr_ty = self.check_expr_with_hint(return_expr, ret_ty.clone());
 713         ret_coercion.borrow_mut().coerce(
 714             self,
 715             &self.cause(return_expr.span, ObligationCauseCode::ReturnValue(return_expr.hir_id)),
 716             return_expr,
 717             return_expr_ty,
 718         );
 719     }
 720
 721     pub(crate) fn check_lhs_assignable(
 722         &self,
 723         lhs: &'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>,
 724         err_code: &'static str,
 725         expr_span: &Span,
 726     ) {
 727         if lhs.is_syntactic_place_expr() {
 728             return;
 729         }
 730
 731         // FIXME: Make this use SessionDiagnostic once error codes can be dynamically set.
 732         let mut err = self.tcx.sess.struct_span_err_with_code(
 733             *expr_span,
 734             "invalid left-hand side of assignment",
 735             DiagnosticId::Error(err_code.into()),
 736         );
 737         err.span_label(lhs.span, "cannot assign to this expression");
 738         err.emit();
 739     }
 740
 741     /// Type check assignment expression `expr` of form `lhs = rhs`.
 742     /// The expected type is `()` and is passsed to the function for the purposes of diagnostics.
 743     fn check_expr_assign(
 744         &self,
 745         expr: &'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>,
 746         expected: Expectation<'tcx>,
 747         lhs: &'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>,
 748         rhs: &'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>,
 749         span: &Span,
 750     ) -> Ty<'tcx> {
 751         let expected_ty = expected.coercion_target_type(self, expr.span);
 752         if expected_ty == self.tcx.types.bool {
 753             // The expected type is `bool` but this will result in `()` so we can reasonably
 754             // say that the user intended to write `lhs == rhs` instead of `lhs = rhs`.
 755             // The likely cause of this is `if foo = bar { .. }`.
 756             let actual_ty = self.tcx.mk_unit();
 757             let mut err = self.demand_suptype_diag(expr.span, expected_ty, actual_ty).unwrap();
 758             let lhs_ty = self.check_expr(&lhs);
 759             let rhs_ty = self.check_expr(&rhs);
 760             let (applicability, eq) = if self.can_coerce(rhs_ty, lhs_ty) {
 761                 (Applicability::MachineApplicable, true)
 762             } else {
 763                 (Applicability::MaybeIncorrect, false)
 764             };
 765             if !lhs.is_syntactic_place_expr() {
 766                 // Do not suggest `if let x = y` as `==` is way more likely to be the intention.
 767                 if let hir::Node::Expr(hir::Expr {
 768                     kind:
 769                         ExprKind::Match(
 770                             _,
 771                             _,
 772                             hir::MatchSource::IfDesugar { .. } | hir::MatchSource::WhileDesugar,
 773                         ),
 774                     ..
 775                 }) = self.tcx.hir().get(
 776                     self.tcx.hir().get_parent_node(self.tcx.hir().get_parent_node(expr.hir_id)),
 777                 ) {
 778                     // Likely `if let` intended.
 779                     err.span_suggestion_verbose(
 780                         expr.span.shrink_to_lo(),
 781                         "you might have meant to use pattern matching",
 782                         "let ".to_string(),
 783                         applicability,
 784                     );
 785                 }
 786             }
 787             if eq {
 788                 err.span_suggestion_verbose(
 789                     *span,
 790                     "you might have meant to compare for equality",
 791                     "==".to_string(),
 792                     applicability,
 793                 );
 794             }
 795
 796             if self.sess().if_let_suggestions.borrow().get(&expr.span).is_some() {
 797                 // We already emitted an `if let` suggestion due to an identifier not found.
 798                 err.delay_as_bug();
 799             } else {
 800                 err.emit();
 801             }
 802             return self.tcx.ty_error();
 803         }
 804
 805         self.check_lhs_assignable(lhs, "E0070", span);
 806
 807         let lhs_ty = self.check_expr_with_needs(&lhs, Needs::MutPlace);
 808         let rhs_ty = self.check_expr_coercable_to_type(&rhs, lhs_ty, Some(lhs));
 809
 810         self.require_type_is_sized(lhs_ty, lhs.span, traits::AssignmentLhsSized);
 811
 812         if lhs_ty.references_error() || rhs_ty.references_error() {
 813             self.tcx.ty_error()
 814         } else {
 815             self.tcx.mk_unit()
 816         }
 817     }
 818
 819     fn check_expr_loop(
 820         &self,
 821         body: &'tcx hir::Block<'tcx>,
 822         source: hir::LoopSource,
 823         expected: Expectation<'tcx>,
 824         expr: &'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>,
 825     ) -> Ty<'tcx> {
 826         let coerce = match source {
 827             // you can only use break with a value from a normal `loop { }`
 828             hir::LoopSource::Loop => {
 829                 let coerce_to = expected.coercion_target_type(self, body.span);
 830                 Some(CoerceMany::new(coerce_to))
 831             }
 832
 833             hir::LoopSource::While | hir::LoopSource::WhileLet | hir::LoopSource::ForLoop => None,
 834         };
 835
 836         let ctxt = BreakableCtxt {
 837             coerce,
 838             may_break: false, // Will get updated if/when we find a `break`.
 839         };
 840
 841         let (ctxt, ()) = self.with_breakable_ctxt(expr.hir_id, ctxt, || {
 842             self.check_block_no_value(&body);
 843         });
 844
 845         if ctxt.may_break {
 846             // No way to know whether it's diverging because
 847             // of a `break` or an outer `break` or `return`.
 848             self.diverges.set(Diverges::Maybe);
 849         }
 850
 851         // If we permit break with a value, then result type is
 852         // the LUB of the breaks (possibly ! if none); else, it
 853         // is nil. This makes sense because infinite loops
 854         // (which would have type !) are only possible iff we
 855         // permit break with a value [1].
 856         if ctxt.coerce.is_none() && !ctxt.may_break {
 857             // [1]
 858             self.tcx.sess.delay_span_bug(body.span, "no coercion, but loop may not break");
 859         }
 860         ctxt.coerce.map(|c| c.complete(self)).unwrap_or_else(|| self.tcx.mk_unit())
 861     }
 862
 863     /// Checks a method call.
 864     fn check_method_call(
 865         &self,
 866         expr: &'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>,
 867         segment: &hir::PathSegment<'_>,
 868         span: Span,
 869         args: &'tcx [hir::Expr<'tcx>],
 870         expected: Expectation<'tcx>,
 871     ) -> Ty<'tcx> {
 872         let rcvr = &args[0];
 873         let rcvr_t = self.check_expr(&rcvr);
 874         // no need to check for bot/err -- callee does that
 875         let rcvr_t = self.structurally_resolved_type(args[0].span, rcvr_t);
 876
 877         let method = match self.lookup_method(rcvr_t, segment, span, expr, rcvr) {
 878             Ok(method) => {
 879                 // We could add a "consider `foo::<params>`" suggestion here, but I wasn't able to
 880                 // trigger this codepath causing `structuraly_resolved_type` to emit an error.
 881
 882                 self.write_method_call(expr.hir_id, method);
 883                 Ok(method)
 884             }
 885             Err(error) => {
 886                 if segment.ident.name != kw::Invalid {
 887                     self.report_extended_method_error(segment, span, args, rcvr_t, error);
 888                 }
 889                 Err(())
 890             }
 891         };
 892
 893         // Call the generic checker.
 894         self.check_method_argument_types(
 895             span,
 896             expr,
 897             method,
 898             &args[1..],
 899             DontTupleArguments,
 900             expected,
 901         )
 902     }
 903
 904     fn report_extended_method_error(
 905         &self,
 906         segment: &hir::PathSegment<'_>,
 907         span: Span,
 908         args: &'tcx [hir::Expr<'tcx>],
 909         rcvr_t: Ty<'tcx>,
 910         error: MethodError<'tcx>,
 911     ) {
 912         let rcvr = &args[0];
 913         let try_alt_rcvr = |err: &mut DiagnosticBuilder<'_>, new_rcvr_t| {
 914             if let Some(new_rcvr_t) = new_rcvr_t {
 915                 if let Ok(pick) = self.lookup_probe(
 916                     span,
 917                     segment.ident,
 918                     new_rcvr_t,
 919                     rcvr,
 920                     probe::ProbeScope::AllTraits,
 921                 ) {
 922                     debug!("try_alt_rcvr: pick candidate {:?}", pick);
 923                     // Make sure the method is defined for the *actual* receiver:
 924                     // we don't want to treat `Box<Self>` as a receiver if
 925                     // it only works because of an autoderef to `&self`
 926                     if pick.autoderefs == 0 {
 927                         err.span_label(
 928                             pick.item.ident.span,
 929                             &format!("the method is available for `{}` here", new_rcvr_t),
 930                         );
 931                     }
 932                 }
 933             }
 934         };
 935
 936         if let Some(mut err) = self.report_method_error(
 937             span,
 938             rcvr_t,
 939             segment.ident,
 940             SelfSource::MethodCall(rcvr),
 941             error,
 942             Some(args),
 943         ) {
 944             if let ty::Adt(..) = rcvr_t.kind() {
 945                 // Try alternative arbitrary self types that could fulfill this call.
 946                 // FIXME: probe for all types that *could* be arbitrary self-types, not
 947                 // just this list.
 948                 try_alt_rcvr(&mut err, self.tcx.mk_lang_item(rcvr_t, LangItem::OwnedBox));
 949                 try_alt_rcvr(&mut err, self.tcx.mk_lang_item(rcvr_t, LangItem::Pin));
 950                 try_alt_rcvr(&mut err, self.tcx.mk_diagnostic_item(rcvr_t, sym::Arc));
 951                 try_alt_rcvr(&mut err, self.tcx.mk_diagnostic_item(rcvr_t, sym::Rc));
 952             }
 953             err.emit();
 954         }
 955     }
 956
 957     fn check_expr_cast(
 958         &self,
 959         e: &'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>,
 960         t: &'tcx hir::Ty<'tcx>,
 961         expr: &'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>,
 962     ) -> Ty<'tcx> {
 963         // Find the type of `e`. Supply hints based on the type we are casting to,
 964         // if appropriate.
 965         let t_cast = self.to_ty_saving_user_provided_ty(t);
 966         let t_cast = self.resolve_vars_if_possible(t_cast);
 967         let t_expr = self.check_expr_with_expectation(e, ExpectCastableToType(t_cast));
 968         let t_cast = self.resolve_vars_if_possible(t_cast);
 969
 970         // Eagerly check for some obvious errors.
 971         if t_expr.references_error() || t_cast.references_error() {
 972             self.tcx.ty_error()
 973         } else {
 974             // Defer other checks until we're done type checking.
 975             let mut deferred_cast_checks = self.deferred_cast_checks.borrow_mut();
 976             match cast::CastCheck::new(self, e, t_expr, t_cast, t.span, expr.span) {
 977                 Ok(cast_check) => {
 978                     deferred_cast_checks.push(cast_check);
 979                     t_cast
 980                 }
 981                 Err(ErrorReported) => self.tcx.ty_error(),
 982             }
 983         }
 984     }
 985
 986     fn check_expr_array(
 987         &self,
 988         args: &'tcx [hir::Expr<'tcx>],
 989         expected: Expectation<'tcx>,
 990         expr: &'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>,
 991     ) -> Ty<'tcx> {
 992         let element_ty = if !args.is_empty() {
 993             let coerce_to = expected
 994                 .to_option(self)
 995                 .and_then(|uty| match *uty.kind() {
 996                     ty::Array(ty, _) | ty::Slice(ty) => Some(ty),
 997                     _ => None,
 998                 })
 999                 .unwrap_or_else(|| {
1000                     self.next_ty_var(TypeVariableOrigin {
1001                         kind: TypeVariableOriginKind::TypeInference,
1002                         span: expr.span,
1003                     })
1004                 });
1005             let mut coerce = CoerceMany::with_coercion_sites(coerce_to, args);
1006             assert_eq!(self.diverges.get(), Diverges::Maybe);
1007             for e in args {
1008                 let e_ty = self.check_expr_with_hint(e, coerce_to);
1009                 let cause = self.misc(e.span);
1010                 coerce.coerce(self, &cause, e, e_ty);
1011             }
1012             coerce.complete(self)
1013         } else {
1014             self.next_ty_var(TypeVariableOrigin {
1015                 kind: TypeVariableOriginKind::TypeInference,
1016                 span: expr.span,
1017             })
1018         };
1019         self.tcx.mk_array(element_ty, args.len() as u64)
1020     }
1021
1022     fn check_expr_repeat(
1023         &self,
1024         element: &'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>,
1025         count: &'tcx hir::AnonConst,
1026         expected: Expectation<'tcx>,
1027         _expr: &'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>,
1028     ) -> Ty<'tcx> {
1029         let tcx = self.tcx;
1030         let count = self.to_const(count);
1031
1032         let uty = match expected {
1033             ExpectHasType(uty) => match *uty.kind() {
1034                 ty::Array(ty, _) | ty::Slice(ty) => Some(ty),
1035                 _ => None,
1036             },
1037             _ => None,
1038         };
1039
1040         let (element_ty, t) = match uty {
1041             Some(uty) => {
1042                 self.check_expr_coercable_to_type(&element, uty, None);
1043                 (uty, uty)
1044             }
1045             None => {
1046                 let ty = self.next_ty_var(TypeVariableOrigin {
1047                     kind: TypeVariableOriginKind::MiscVariable,
1048                     span: element.span,
1049                 });
1050                 let element_ty = self.check_expr_has_type_or_error(&element, ty, |_| {});
1051                 (element_ty, ty)
1052             }
1053         };
1054
1055         if element_ty.references_error() {
1056             return tcx.ty_error();
1057         }
1058
1059         tcx.mk_ty(ty::Array(t, count))
1060     }
1061
1062     fn check_expr_tuple(
1063         &self,
1064         elts: &'tcx [hir::Expr<'tcx>],
1065         expected: Expectation<'tcx>,
1066         expr: &'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>,
1067     ) -> Ty<'tcx> {
1068         let flds = expected.only_has_type(self).and_then(|ty| {
1069             let ty = self.resolve_vars_with_obligations(ty);
1070             match ty.kind() {
1071                 ty::Tuple(ref flds) => Some(&flds[..]),
1072                 _ => None,
1073             }
1074         });
1075
1076         let elt_ts_iter = elts.iter().enumerate().map(|(i, e)| match flds {
1077             Some(ref fs) if i < fs.len() => {
1078                 let ety = fs[i].expect_ty();
1079                 self.check_expr_coercable_to_type(&e, ety, None);
1080                 ety
1081             }
1082             _ => self.check_expr_with_expectation(&e, NoExpectation),
1083         });
1084         let tuple = self.tcx.mk_tup(elt_ts_iter);
1085         if tuple.references_error() {
1086             self.tcx.ty_error()
1087         } else {
1088             self.require_type_is_sized(tuple, expr.span, traits::TupleInitializerSized);
1089             tuple
1090         }
1091     }
1092
1093     fn check_expr_struct(
1094         &self,
1095         expr: &hir::Expr<'_>,
1096         expected: Expectation<'tcx>,
1097         qpath: &QPath<'_>,
1098         fields: &'tcx [hir::Field<'tcx>],
1099         base_expr: &'tcx Option<&'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>>,
1100     ) -> Ty<'tcx> {
1101         // Find the relevant variant
1102         let (variant, adt_ty) = if let Some(variant_ty) = self.check_struct_path(qpath, expr.hir_id)
1103         {
1104             variant_ty
1105         } else {
1106             self.check_struct_fields_on_error(fields, base_expr);
1107             return self.tcx.ty_error();
1108         };
1109
1110         // Prohibit struct expressions when non-exhaustive flag is set.
1111         let adt = adt_ty.ty_adt_def().expect("`check_struct_path` returned non-ADT type");
1112         if !adt.did.is_local() && variant.is_field_list_non_exhaustive() {
1113             self.tcx
1114                 .sess
1115                 .emit_err(StructExprNonExhaustive { span: expr.span, what: adt.variant_descr() });
1116         }
1117
1118         let error_happened = self.check_expr_struct_fields(
1119             adt_ty,
1120             expected,
1121             expr.hir_id,
1122             qpath.span(),
1123             variant,
1124             fields,
1125             base_expr.is_none(),
1126         );
1127         if let &Some(ref base_expr) = base_expr {
1128             // If check_expr_struct_fields hit an error, do not attempt to populate
1129             // the fields with the base_expr. This could cause us to hit errors later
1130             // when certain fields are assumed to exist that in fact do not.
1131             if !error_happened {
1132                 self.check_expr_has_type_or_error(base_expr, adt_ty, |_| {});
1133                 match adt_ty.kind() {
1134                     ty::Adt(adt, substs) if adt.is_struct() => {
1135                         let fru_field_types = adt
1136                             .non_enum_variant()
1137                             .fields
1138                             .iter()
1139                             .map(|f| {
1140                                 self.normalize_associated_types_in(
1141                                     expr.span,
1142                                     f.ty(self.tcx, substs),
1143                                 )
1144                             })
1145                             .collect();
1146
1147                         self.typeck_results
1148                             .borrow_mut()
1149                             .fru_field_types_mut()
1150                             .insert(expr.hir_id, fru_field_types);
1151                     }
1152                     _ => {
1153                         self.tcx
1154                             .sess
1155                             .emit_err(FunctionalRecordUpdateOnNonStruct { span: base_expr.span });
1156                     }
1157                 }
1158             }
1159         }
1160         self.require_type_is_sized(adt_ty, expr.span, traits::StructInitializerSized);
1161         adt_ty
1162     }
1163
1164     fn check_expr_struct_fields(
1165         &self,
1166         adt_ty: Ty<'tcx>,
1167         expected: Expectation<'tcx>,
1168         expr_id: hir::HirId,
1169         span: Span,
1170         variant: &'tcx ty::VariantDef,
1171         ast_fields: &'tcx [hir::Field<'tcx>],
1172         check_completeness: bool,
1173     ) -> bool {
1174         let tcx = self.tcx;
1175
1176         let adt_ty_hint = self
1177             .expected_inputs_for_expected_output(span, expected, adt_ty, &[adt_ty])
1178             .get(0)
1179             .cloned()
1180             .unwrap_or(adt_ty);
1181         // re-link the regions that EIfEO can erase.
1182         self.demand_eqtype(span, adt_ty_hint, adt_ty);
1183
1184         let (substs, adt_kind, kind_name) = match &adt_ty.kind() {
1185             &ty::Adt(adt, substs) => (substs, adt.adt_kind(), adt.variant_descr()),
1186             _ => span_bug!(span, "non-ADT passed to check_expr_struct_fields"),
1187         };
1188
1189         let mut remaining_fields = variant
1190             .fields
1191             .iter()
1192             .enumerate()
1193             .map(|(i, field)| (field.ident.normalize_to_macros_2_0(), (i, field)))
1194             .collect::<FxHashMap<_, _>>();
1195
1196         let mut seen_fields = FxHashMap::default();
1197
1198         let mut error_happened = false;
1199
1200         // Type-check each field.
1201         for field in ast_fields {
1202             let ident = tcx.adjust_ident(field.ident, variant.def_id);
1203             let field_type = if let Some((i, v_field)) = remaining_fields.remove(&ident) {
1204                 seen_fields.insert(ident, field.span);
1205                 self.write_field_index(field.hir_id, i);
1206
1207                 // We don't look at stability attributes on
1208                 // struct-like enums (yet...), but it's definitely not
1209                 // a bug to have constructed one.
1210                 if adt_kind != AdtKind::Enum {
1211                     tcx.check_stability(v_field.did, Some(expr_id), field.span);
1212                 }
1213
1214                 self.field_ty(field.span, v_field, substs)
1215             } else {
1216                 error_happened = true;
1217                 if let Some(prev_span) = seen_fields.get(&ident) {
1218                     tcx.sess.emit_err(FieldMultiplySpecifiedInInitializer {
1219                         span: field.ident.span,
1220                         prev_span: *prev_span,
1221                         ident,
1222                     });
1223                 } else {
1224                     self.report_unknown_field(adt_ty, variant, field, ast_fields, kind_name, span);
1225                 }
1226
1227                 tcx.ty_error()
1228             };
1229
1230             // Make sure to give a type to the field even if there's
1231             // an error, so we can continue type-checking.
1232             self.check_expr_coercable_to_type(&field.expr, field_type, None);
1233         }
1234
1235         // Make sure the programmer specified correct number of fields.
1236         if kind_name == "union" {
1237             if ast_fields.len() != 1 {
1238                 tcx.sess.span_err(span, "union expressions should have exactly one field");
1239             }
1240         } else if check_completeness && !error_happened && !remaining_fields.is_empty() {
1241             let no_accessible_remaining_fields = remaining_fields
1242                 .iter()
1243                 .find(|(_, (_, field))| {
1244                     field.vis.is_accessible_from(tcx.parent_module(expr_id).to_def_id(), tcx)
1245                 })
1246                 .is_none();
1247
1248             if no_accessible_remaining_fields {
1249                 self.report_no_accessible_fields(adt_ty, span);
1250             } else {
1251                 self.report_missing_field(adt_ty, span, remaining_fields);
1252             }
1253         }
1254
1255         error_happened
1256     }
1257
1258     fn check_struct_fields_on_error(
1259         &self,
1260         fields: &'tcx [hir::Field<'tcx>],
1261         base_expr: &'tcx Option<&'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>>,
1262     ) {
1263         for field in fields {
1264             self.check_expr(&field.expr);
1265         }
1266         if let Some(ref base) = *base_expr {
1267             self.check_expr(&base);
1268         }
1269     }
1270
1271     /// Report an error for a struct field expression when there are fields which aren't provided.
1272     ///
1273     /// ```text
1274     /// error: missing field `you_can_use_this_field` in initializer of `foo::Foo`
1275     ///  --> src/main.rs:8:5
1276     ///   |
1277     /// 8 |     foo::Foo {};
1278     ///   |     ^^^^^^^^ missing `you_can_use_this_field`
1279     ///
1280     /// error: aborting due to previous error
1281     /// ```
1282     fn report_missing_field(
1283         &self,
1284         adt_ty: Ty<'tcx>,
1285         span: Span,
1286         remaining_fields: FxHashMap<Ident, (usize, &ty::FieldDef)>,
1287     ) {
1288         let tcx = self.tcx;
1289         let len = remaining_fields.len();
1290
1291         let mut displayable_field_names =
1292             remaining_fields.keys().map(|ident| ident.as_str()).collect::<Vec<_>>();
1293
1294         displayable_field_names.sort();
1295
1296         let truncated_fields_error = if len <= 3 {
1297             String::new()
1298         } else {
1299             format!(" and {} other field{}", (len - 3), if len - 3 == 1 { "" } else { "s" })
1300         };
1301
1302         let remaining_fields_names = displayable_field_names
1303             .iter()
1304             .take(3)
1305             .map(|n| format!("`{}`", n))
1306             .collect::<Vec<_>>()
1307             .join(", ");
1308
1309         struct_span_err!(
1310             tcx.sess,
1311             span,
1312             E0063,
1313             "missing field{} {}{} in initializer of `{}`",
1314             pluralize!(remaining_fields.len()),
1315             remaining_fields_names,
1316             truncated_fields_error,
1317             adt_ty
1318         )
1319         .span_label(span, format!("missing {}{}", remaining_fields_names, truncated_fields_error))
1320         .emit();
1321     }
1322
1323     /// Report an error for a struct field expression when there are no visible fields.
1324     ///
1325     /// ```text
1326     /// error: cannot construct `Foo` with struct literal syntax due to inaccessible fields
1327     ///  --> src/main.rs:8:5
1328     ///   |
1329     /// 8 |     foo::Foo {};
1330     ///   |     ^^^^^^^^
1331     ///
1332     /// error: aborting due to previous error
1333     /// ```
1334     fn report_no_accessible_fields(&self, adt_ty: Ty<'tcx>, span: Span) {
1335         self.tcx.sess.span_err(
1336             span,
1337             &format!(
1338                 "cannot construct `{}` with struct literal syntax due to inaccessible fields",
1339                 adt_ty,
1340             ),
1341         );
1342     }
1343
1344     fn report_unknown_field(
1345         &self,
1346         ty: Ty<'tcx>,
1347         variant: &'tcx ty::VariantDef,
1348         field: &hir::Field<'_>,
1349         skip_fields: &[hir::Field<'_>],
1350         kind_name: &str,
1351         ty_span: Span,
1352     ) {
1353         if variant.is_recovered() {
1354             self.set_tainted_by_errors();
1355             return;
1356         }
1357         let mut err = self.type_error_struct_with_diag(
1358             field.ident.span,
1359             |actual| match ty.kind() {
1360                 ty::Adt(adt, ..) if adt.is_enum() => struct_span_err!(
1361                     self.tcx.sess,
1362                     field.ident.span,
1363                     E0559,
1364                     "{} `{}::{}` has no field named `{}`",
1365                     kind_name,
1366                     actual,
1367                     variant.ident,
1368                     field.ident
1369                 ),
1370                 _ => struct_span_err!(
1371                     self.tcx.sess,
1372                     field.ident.span,
1373                     E0560,
1374                     "{} `{}` has no field named `{}`",
1375                     kind_name,
1376                     actual,
1377                     field.ident
1378                 ),
1379             },
1380             ty,
1381         );
1382         match variant.ctor_kind {
1383             CtorKind::Fn => {
1384                 err.span_label(variant.ident.span, format!("`{adt}` defined here", adt = ty));
1385                 err.span_label(field.ident.span, "field does not exist");
1386                 err.span_label(
1387                     ty_span,
1388                     format!(
1389                         "`{adt}` is a tuple {kind_name}, \
1390                          use the appropriate syntax: `{adt}(/* fields */)`",
1391                         adt = ty,
1392                         kind_name = kind_name
1393                     ),
1394                 );
1395             }
1396             _ => {
1397                 // prevent all specified fields from being suggested
1398                 let skip_fields = skip_fields.iter().map(|ref x| x.ident.name);
1399                 if let Some(field_name) =
1400                     Self::suggest_field_name(variant, field.ident.name, skip_fields.collect())
1401                 {
1402                     err.span_suggestion(
1403                         field.ident.span,
1404                         "a field with a similar name exists",
1405                         field_name.to_string(),
1406                         Applicability::MaybeIncorrect,
1407                     );
1408                 } else {
1409                     match ty.kind() {
1410                         ty::Adt(adt, ..) => {
1411                             if adt.is_enum() {
1412                                 err.span_label(
1413                                     field.ident.span,
1414                                     format!("`{}::{}` does not have this field", ty, variant.ident),
1415                                 );
1416                             } else {
1417                                 err.span_label(
1418                                     field.ident.span,
1419                                     format!("`{}` does not have this field", ty),
1420                                 );
1421                             }
1422                             let available_field_names = self.available_field_names(variant);
1423                             if !available_field_names.is_empty() {
1424                                 err.note(&format!(
1425                                     "available fields are: {}",
1426                                     self.name_series_display(available_field_names)
1427                                 ));
1428                             }
1429                         }
1430                         _ => bug!("non-ADT passed to report_unknown_field"),
1431                     }
1432                 };
1433             }
1434         }
1435         err.emit();
1436     }
1437
1438     // Return an hint about the closest match in field names
1439     fn suggest_field_name(
1440         variant: &'tcx ty::VariantDef,
1441         field: Symbol,
1442         skip: Vec<Symbol>,
1443     ) -> Option<Symbol> {
1444         let names = variant
1445             .fields
1446             .iter()
1447             .filter_map(|field| {
1448                 // ignore already set fields and private fields from non-local crates
1449                 if skip.iter().any(|&x| x == field.ident.name)
1450                     || (!variant.def_id.is_local() && field.vis != Visibility::Public)
1451                 {
1452                     None
1453                 } else {
1454                     Some(field.ident.name)
1455                 }
1456             })
1457             .collect::<Vec<Symbol>>();
1458
1459         find_best_match_for_name(&names, field, None)
1460     }
1461
1462     fn available_field_names(&self, variant: &'tcx ty::VariantDef) -> Vec<Symbol> {
1463         variant
1464             .fields
1465             .iter()
1466             .filter(|field| {
1467                 let def_scope = self
1468                     .tcx
1469                     .adjust_ident_and_get_scope(field.ident, variant.def_id, self.body_id)
1470                     .1;
1471                 field.vis.is_accessible_from(def_scope, self.tcx)
1472             })
1473             .map(|field| field.ident.name)
1474             .collect()
1475     }
1476
1477     fn name_series_display(&self, names: Vec<Symbol>) -> String {
1478         // dynamic limit, to never omit just one field
1479         let limit = if names.len() == 6 { 6 } else { 5 };
1480         let mut display =
1481             names.iter().take(limit).map(|n| format!("`{}`", n)).collect::<Vec<_>>().join(", ");
1482         if names.len() > limit {
1483             display = format!("{} ... and {} others", display, names.len() - limit);
1484         }
1485         display
1486     }
1487
1488     // Check field access expressions
1489     fn check_field(
1490         &self,
1491         expr: &'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>,
1492         base: &'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>,
1493         field: Ident,
1494     ) -> Ty<'tcx> {
1495         let expr_t = self.check_expr(base);
1496         let expr_t = self.structurally_resolved_type(base.span, expr_t);
1497         let mut private_candidate = None;
1498         let mut autoderef = self.autoderef(expr.span, expr_t);
1499         while let Some((base_t, _)) = autoderef.next() {
1500             match base_t.kind() {
1501                 ty::Adt(base_def, substs) if !base_def.is_enum() => {
1502                     debug!("struct named {:?}", base_t);
1503                     let (ident, def_scope) =
1504                         self.tcx.adjust_ident_and_get_scope(field, base_def.did, self.body_id);
1505                     let fields = &base_def.non_enum_variant().fields;
1506                     if let Some(index) =
1507                         fields.iter().position(|f| f.ident.normalize_to_macros_2_0() == ident)
1508                     {
1509                         let field = &fields[index];
1510                         let field_ty = self.field_ty(expr.span, field, substs);
1511                         // Save the index of all fields regardless of their visibility in case
1512                         // of error recovery.
1513                         self.write_field_index(expr.hir_id, index);
1514                         if field.vis.is_accessible_from(def_scope, self.tcx) {
1515                             let adjustments = self.adjust_steps(&autoderef);
1516                             self.apply_adjustments(base, adjustments);
1517                             self.register_predicates(autoderef.into_obligations());
1518
1519                             self.tcx.check_stability(field.did, Some(expr.hir_id), expr.span);
1520                             return field_ty;
1521                         }
1522                         private_candidate = Some((base_def.did, field_ty));
1523                     }
1524                 }
1525                 ty::Tuple(ref tys) => {
1526                     let fstr = field.as_str();
1527                     if let Ok(index) = fstr.parse::<usize>() {
1528                         if fstr == index.to_string() {
1529                             if let Some(field_ty) = tys.get(index) {
1530                                 let adjustments = self.adjust_steps(&autoderef);
1531                                 self.apply_adjustments(base, adjustments);
1532                                 self.register_predicates(autoderef.into_obligations());
1533
1534                                 self.write_field_index(expr.hir_id, index);
1535                                 return field_ty.expect_ty();
1536                             }
1537                         }
1538                     }
1539                 }
1540                 _ => {}
1541             }
1542         }
1543         self.structurally_resolved_type(autoderef.span(), autoderef.final_ty(false));
1544
1545         if let Some((did, field_ty)) = private_candidate {
1546             self.ban_private_field_access(expr, expr_t, field, did);
1547             return field_ty;
1548         }
1549
1550         if field.name == kw::Invalid {
1551         } else if self.method_exists(field, expr_t, expr.hir_id, true) {
1552             self.ban_take_value_of_method(expr, expr_t, field);
1553         } else if !expr_t.is_primitive_ty() {
1554             self.ban_nonexisting_field(field, base, expr, expr_t);
1555         } else {
1556             type_error_struct!(
1557                 self.tcx().sess,
1558                 field.span,
1559                 expr_t,
1560                 E0610,
1561                 "`{}` is a primitive type and therefore doesn't have fields",
1562                 expr_t
1563             )
1564             .emit();
1565         }
1566
1567         self.tcx().ty_error()
1568     }
1569
1570     fn suggest_await_on_field_access(
1571         &self,
1572         err: &mut DiagnosticBuilder<'_>,
1573         field_ident: Ident,
1574         base: &'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>,
1575         ty: Ty<'tcx>,
1576     ) {
1577         let output_ty = match self.infcx.get_impl_future_output_ty(ty) {
1578             Some(output_ty) => self.resolve_vars_if_possible(output_ty),
1579             _ => return,
1580         };
1581         let mut add_label = true;
1582         if let ty::Adt(def, _) = output_ty.kind() {
1583             // no field access on enum type
1584             if !def.is_enum() {
1585                 if def.non_enum_variant().fields.iter().any(|field| field.ident == field_ident) {
1586                     add_label = false;
1587                     err.span_label(
1588                         field_ident.span,
1589                         "field not available in `impl Future`, but it is available in its `Output`",
1590                     );
1591                     err.span_suggestion_verbose(
1592                         base.span.shrink_to_hi(),
1593                         "consider `await`ing on the `Future` and access the field of its `Output`",
1594                         ".await".to_string(),
1595                         Applicability::MaybeIncorrect,
1596                     );
1597                 }
1598             }
1599         }
1600         if add_label {
1601             err.span_label(field_ident.span, &format!("field not found in `{}`", ty));
1602         }
1603     }
1604
1605     fn ban_nonexisting_field(
1606         &self,
1607         field: Ident,
1608         base: &'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>,
1609         expr: &'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>,
1610         expr_t: Ty<'tcx>,
1611     ) {
1612         debug!(
1613             "ban_nonexisting_field: field={:?}, base={:?}, expr={:?}, expr_ty={:?}",
1614             field, base, expr, expr_t
1615         );
1616         let mut err = self.no_such_field_err(field.span, field, expr_t);
1617
1618         match *expr_t.peel_refs().kind() {
1619             ty::Array(_, len) => {
1620                 self.maybe_suggest_array_indexing(&mut err, expr, base, field, len);
1621             }
1622             ty::RawPtr(..) => {
1623                 self.suggest_first_deref_field(&mut err, expr, base, field);
1624             }
1625             ty::Adt(def, _) if !def.is_enum() => {
1626                 self.suggest_fields_on_recordish(&mut err, def, field);
1627             }
1628             ty::Param(param_ty) => {
1629                 self.point_at_param_definition(&mut err, param_ty);
1630             }
1631             ty::Opaque(_, _) => {
1632                 self.suggest_await_on_field_access(&mut err, field, base, expr_t.peel_refs());
1633             }
1634             _ => {}
1635         }
1636
1637         if field.name == kw::Await {
1638             // We know by construction that `<expr>.await` is either on Rust 2015
1639             // or results in `ExprKind::Await`. Suggest switching the edition to 2018.
1640             err.note("to `.await` a `Future`, switch to Rust 2018");
1641             err.help("set `edition = \"2018\"` in `Cargo.toml`");
1642             err.note("for more on editions, read https://doc.rust-lang.org/edition-guide");
1643         }
1644
1645         err.emit();
1646     }
1647
1648     fn ban_private_field_access(
1649         &self,
1650         expr: &hir::Expr<'_>,
1651         expr_t: Ty<'tcx>,
1652         field: Ident,
1653         base_did: DefId,
1654     ) {
1655         let struct_path = self.tcx().def_path_str(base_did);
1656         let kind_name = self.tcx().def_kind(base_did).descr(base_did);
1657         let mut err = struct_span_err!(
1658             self.tcx().sess,
1659             field.span,
1660             E0616,
1661             "field `{}` of {} `{}` is private",
1662             field,
1663             kind_name,
1664             struct_path
1665         );
1666         err.span_label(field.span, "private field");
1667         // Also check if an accessible method exists, which is often what is meant.
1668         if self.method_exists(field, expr_t, expr.hir_id, false) && !self.expr_in_place(expr.hir_id)
1669         {
1670             self.suggest_method_call(
1671                 &mut err,
1672                 &format!("a method `{}` also exists, call it with parentheses", field),
1673                 field,
1674                 expr_t,
1675                 expr,
1676             );
1677         }
1678         err.emit();
1679     }
1680
1681     fn ban_take_value_of_method(&self, expr: &hir::Expr<'_>, expr_t: Ty<'tcx>, field: Ident) {
1682         let mut err = type_error_struct!(
1683             self.tcx().sess,
1684             field.span,
1685             expr_t,
1686             E0615,
1687             "attempted to take value of method `{}` on type `{}`",
1688             field,
1689             expr_t
1690         );
1691         err.span_label(field.span, "method, not a field");
1692         if !self.expr_in_place(expr.hir_id) {
1693             self.suggest_method_call(
1694                 &mut err,
1695                 "use parentheses to call the method",
1696                 field,
1697                 expr_t,
1698                 expr,
1699             );
1700         } else {
1701             err.help("methods are immutable and cannot be assigned to");
1702         }
1703
1704         err.emit();
1705     }
1706
1707     fn point_at_param_definition(&self, err: &mut DiagnosticBuilder<'_>, param: ty::ParamTy) {
1708         let generics = self.tcx.generics_of(self.body_id.owner.to_def_id());
1709         let generic_param = generics.type_param(&param, self.tcx);
1710         if let ty::GenericParamDefKind::Type { synthetic: Some(..), .. } = generic_param.kind {
1711             return;
1712         }
1713         let param_def_id = generic_param.def_id;
1714         let param_hir_id = match param_def_id.as_local() {
1715             Some(x) => self.tcx.hir().local_def_id_to_hir_id(x),
1716             None => return,
1717         };
1718         let param_span = self.tcx.hir().span(param_hir_id);
1719         let param_name = self.tcx.hir().ty_param_name(param_hir_id);
1720
1721         err.span_label(param_span, &format!("type parameter '{}' declared here", param_name));
1722     }
1723
1724     fn suggest_fields_on_recordish(
1725         &self,
1726         err: &mut DiagnosticBuilder<'_>,
1727         def: &'tcx ty::AdtDef,
1728         field: Ident,
1729     ) {
1730         if let Some(suggested_field_name) =
1731             Self::suggest_field_name(def.non_enum_variant(), field.name, vec![])
1732         {
1733             err.span_suggestion(
1734                 field.span,
1735                 "a field with a similar name exists",
1736                 suggested_field_name.to_string(),
1737                 Applicability::MaybeIncorrect,
1738             );
1739         } else {
1740             err.span_label(field.span, "unknown field");
1741             let struct_variant_def = def.non_enum_variant();
1742             let field_names = self.available_field_names(struct_variant_def);
1743             if !field_names.is_empty() {
1744                 err.note(&format!(
1745                     "available fields are: {}",
1746                     self.name_series_display(field_names),
1747                 ));
1748             }
1749         }
1750     }
1751
1752     fn maybe_suggest_array_indexing(
1753         &self,
1754         err: &mut DiagnosticBuilder<'_>,
1755         expr: &hir::Expr<'_>,
1756         base: &hir::Expr<'_>,
1757         field: Ident,
1758         len: &ty::Const<'tcx>,
1759     ) {
1760         if let (Some(len), Ok(user_index)) =
1761             (len.try_eval_usize(self.tcx, self.param_env), field.as_str().parse::<u64>())
1762         {
1763             if let Ok(base) = self.tcx.sess.source_map().span_to_snippet(base.span) {
1764                 let help = "instead of using tuple indexing, use array indexing";
1765                 let suggestion = format!("{}[{}]", base, field);
1766                 let applicability = if len < user_index {
1767                     Applicability::MachineApplicable
1768                 } else {
1769                     Applicability::MaybeIncorrect
1770                 };
1771                 err.span_suggestion(expr.span, help, suggestion, applicability);
1772             }
1773         }
1774     }
1775
1776     fn suggest_first_deref_field(
1777         &self,
1778         err: &mut DiagnosticBuilder<'_>,
1779         expr: &hir::Expr<'_>,
1780         base: &hir::Expr<'_>,
1781         field: Ident,
1782     ) {
1783         if let Ok(base) = self.tcx.sess.source_map().span_to_snippet(base.span) {
1784             let msg = format!("`{}` is a raw pointer; try dereferencing it", base);
1785             let suggestion = format!("(*{}).{}", base, field);
1786             err.span_suggestion(expr.span, &msg, suggestion, Applicability::MaybeIncorrect);
1787         }
1788     }
1789
1790     fn no_such_field_err<T: Display>(
1791         &self,
1792         span: Span,
1793         field: T,
1794         expr_t: &ty::TyS<'_>,
1795     ) -> DiagnosticBuilder<'_> {
1796         type_error_struct!(
1797             self.tcx().sess,
1798             span,
1799             expr_t,
1800             E0609,
1801             "no field `{}` on type `{}`",
1802             field,
1803             expr_t
1804         )
1805     }
1806
1807     fn check_expr_index(
1808         &self,
1809         base: &'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>,
1810         idx: &'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>,
1811         expr: &'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>,
1812     ) -> Ty<'tcx> {
1813         let base_t = self.check_expr(&base);
1814         let idx_t = self.check_expr(&idx);
1815
1816         if base_t.references_error() {
1817             base_t
1818         } else if idx_t.references_error() {
1819             idx_t
1820         } else {
1821             let base_t = self.structurally_resolved_type(base.span, base_t);
1822             match self.lookup_indexing(expr, base, base_t, idx_t) {
1823                 Some((index_ty, element_ty)) => {
1824                     // two-phase not needed because index_ty is never mutable
1825                     self.demand_coerce(idx, idx_t, index_ty, None, AllowTwoPhase::No);
1826                     element_ty
1827                 }
1828                 None => {
1829                     let mut err = type_error_struct!(
1830                         self.tcx.sess,
1831                         expr.span,
1832                         base_t,
1833                         E0608,
1834                         "cannot index into a value of type `{}`",
1835                         base_t
1836                     );
1837                     // Try to give some advice about indexing tuples.
1838                     if let ty::Tuple(..) = base_t.kind() {
1839                         let mut needs_note = true;
1840                         // If the index is an integer, we can show the actual
1841                         // fixed expression:
1842                         if let ExprKind::Lit(ref lit) = idx.kind {
1843                             if let ast::LitKind::Int(i, ast::LitIntType::Unsuffixed) = lit.node {
1844                                 let snip = self.tcx.sess.source_map().span_to_snippet(base.span);
1845                                 if let Ok(snip) = snip {
1846                                     err.span_suggestion(
1847                                         expr.span,
1848                                         "to access tuple elements, use",
1849                                         format!("{}.{}", snip, i),
1850                                         Applicability::MachineApplicable,
1851                                     );
1852                                     needs_note = false;
1853                                 }
1854                             }
1855                         }
1856                         if needs_note {
1857                             err.help(
1858                                 "to access tuple elements, use tuple indexing \
1859                                         syntax (e.g., `tuple.0`)",
1860                             );
1861                         }
1862                     }
1863                     err.emit();
1864                     self.tcx.ty_error()
1865                 }
1866             }
1867         }
1868     }
1869
1870     fn check_expr_yield(
1871         &self,
1872         value: &'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>,
1873         expr: &'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>,
1874         src: &'tcx hir::YieldSource,
1875     ) -> Ty<'tcx> {
1876         match self.resume_yield_tys {
1877             Some((resume_ty, yield_ty)) => {
1878                 self.check_expr_coercable_to_type(&value, yield_ty, None);
1879
1880                 resume_ty
1881             }
1882             // Given that this `yield` expression was generated as a result of lowering a `.await`,
1883             // we know that the yield type must be `()`; however, the context won't contain this
1884             // information. Hence, we check the source of the yield expression here and check its
1885             // value's type against `()` (this check should always hold).
1886             None if src.is_await() => {
1887                 self.check_expr_coercable_to_type(&value, self.tcx.mk_unit(), None);
1888                 self.tcx.mk_unit()
1889             }
1890             _ => {
1891                 self.tcx.sess.emit_err(YieldExprOutsideOfGenerator { span: expr.span });
1892                 self.tcx.mk_unit()
1893             }
1894         }
1895     }
1896
1897     fn check_expr_asm_operand(&self, expr: &'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>, is_input: bool) {
1898         let needs = if is_input { Needs::None } else { Needs::MutPlace };
1899         let ty = self.check_expr_with_needs(expr, needs);
1900         self.require_type_is_sized(ty, expr.span, traits::InlineAsmSized);
1901
1902         if !is_input && !expr.is_syntactic_place_expr() {
1903             let mut err = self.tcx.sess.struct_span_err(expr.span, "invalid asm output");
1904             err.span_label(expr.span, "cannot assign to this expression");
1905             err.emit();
1906         }
1907
1908         // If this is an input value, we require its type to be fully resolved
1909         // at this point. This allows us to provide helpful coercions which help
1910         // pass the type candidate list in a later pass.
1911         //
1912         // We don't require output types to be resolved at this point, which
1913         // allows them to be inferred based on how they are used later in the
1914         // function.
1915         if is_input {
1916             let ty = self.structurally_resolved_type(expr.span, &ty);
1917             match *ty.kind() {
1918                 ty::FnDef(..) => {
1919                     let fnptr_ty = self.tcx.mk_fn_ptr(ty.fn_sig(self.tcx));
1920                     self.demand_coerce(expr, ty, fnptr_ty, None, AllowTwoPhase::No);
1921                 }
1922                 ty::Ref(_, base_ty, mutbl) => {
1923                     let ptr_ty = self.tcx.mk_ptr(ty::TypeAndMut { ty: base_ty, mutbl });
1924                     self.demand_coerce(expr, ty, ptr_ty, None, AllowTwoPhase::No);
1925                 }
1926                 _ => {}
1927             }
1928         }
1929     }
1930
1931     fn check_expr_asm(&self, asm: &'tcx hir::InlineAsm<'tcx>) -> Ty<'tcx> {
1932         for (op, _op_sp) in asm.operands {
1933             match op {
1934                 hir::InlineAsmOperand::In { expr, .. } | hir::InlineAsmOperand::Const { expr } => {
1935                     self.check_expr_asm_operand(expr, true);
1936                 }
1937                 hir::InlineAsmOperand::Out { expr, .. } => {
1938                     if let Some(expr) = expr {
1939                         self.check_expr_asm_operand(expr, false);
1940                     }
1941                 }
1942                 hir::InlineAsmOperand::InOut { expr, .. } => {
1943                     self.check_expr_asm_operand(expr, false);
1944                 }
1945                 hir::InlineAsmOperand::SplitInOut { in_expr, out_expr, .. } => {
1946                     self.check_expr_asm_operand(in_expr, true);
1947                     if let Some(out_expr) = out_expr {
1948                         self.check_expr_asm_operand(out_expr, false);
1949                     }
1950                 }
1951                 hir::InlineAsmOperand::Sym { expr } => {
1952                     self.check_expr(expr);
1953                 }
1954             }
1955         }
1956         if asm.options.contains(ast::InlineAsmOptions::NORETURN) {
1957             self.tcx.types.never
1958         } else {
1959             self.tcx.mk_unit()
1960         }
1961     }
1962 }
1963
1964 pub(super) fn ty_kind_suggestion(ty: Ty<'_>) -> Option<&'static str> {
1965     Some(match ty.kind() {
1966         ty::Bool => "true",
1967         ty::Char => "'a'",
1968         ty::Int(_) | ty::Uint(_) => "42",
1969         ty::Float(_) => "3.14159",
1970         ty::Error(_) | ty::Never => return None,
1971         _ => "value",
1972     })
1973 }