1 // ignore-tidy-filelength
2 //! Name resolution for lifetimes.
4 //! Name resolution for lifetimes follows *much* simpler rules than the
5 //! full resolve. For example, lifetime names are never exported or
6 //! used between functions, and they operate in a purely top-down
7 //! way. Therefore, we break lifetime name resolution into a separate pass.
9 use crate::late::diagnostics::{ForLifetimeSpanType, MissingLifetimeSpot};
10 use rustc_ast::walk_list;
11 use rustc_data_structures::fx::{FxHashMap, FxHashSet, FxIndexMap};
12 use rustc_errors::{struct_span_err, Applicability, DiagnosticBuilder};
14 use rustc_hir::def::{DefKind, Res};
15 use rustc_hir::def_id::{DefIdMap, LocalDefId};
16 use rustc_hir::hir_id::ItemLocalId;
17 use rustc_hir::intravisit::{self, Visitor};
18 use rustc_hir::{GenericArg, GenericParam, LifetimeName, Node, ParamName, QPath};
19 use rustc_hir::{GenericParamKind, HirIdMap, HirIdSet, LifetimeParamKind};
20 use rustc_middle::hir::map::Map;
21 use rustc_middle::hir::nested_filter;
22 use rustc_middle::middle::resolve_lifetime::*;
23 use rustc_middle::ty::{self, DefIdTree, GenericParamDefKind, TyCtxt};
24 use rustc_middle::{bug, span_bug};
25 use rustc_session::lint;
26 use rustc_span::def_id::DefId;
27 use rustc_span::symbol::{kw, sym, Ident, Symbol};
34 use tracing::{debug, span, Level};
36 // This counts the no of times a lifetime is used
37 #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
38 pub enum LifetimeUseSet<'tcx> {
39 One(&'tcx hir::Lifetime),
44 fn early(hir_map: &Map<'_>, index: &mut u32, param: &GenericParam<'_>) -> (ParamName, Region);
46 fn late(index: u32, hir_map: &Map<'_>, param: &GenericParam<'_>) -> (ParamName, Region);
48 fn late_anon(named_late_bound_vars: u32, index: &Cell<u32>) -> Region;
50 fn id(&self) -> Option<DefId>;
52 fn shifted(self, amount: u32) -> Region;
54 fn shifted_out_to_binder(self, binder: ty::DebruijnIndex) -> Region;
56 fn subst<'a, L>(self, params: L, map: &NamedRegionMap) -> Option<Region>
58 L: Iterator<Item = &'a hir::Lifetime>;
61 impl RegionExt for Region {
62 fn early(hir_map: &Map<'_>, index: &mut u32, param: &GenericParam<'_>) -> (ParamName, Region) {
65 let def_id = hir_map.local_def_id(param.hir_id);
66 let origin = LifetimeDefOrigin::from_param(param);
67 debug!("Region::early: index={} def_id={:?}", i, def_id);
68 (param.name.normalize_to_macros_2_0(), Region::EarlyBound(i, def_id.to_def_id(), origin))
71 fn late(idx: u32, hir_map: &Map<'_>, param: &GenericParam<'_>) -> (ParamName, Region) {
72 let depth = ty::INNERMOST;
73 let def_id = hir_map.local_def_id(param.hir_id);
74 let origin = LifetimeDefOrigin::from_param(param);
76 "Region::late: idx={:?}, param={:?} depth={:?} def_id={:?} origin={:?}",
77 idx, param, depth, def_id, origin,
80 param.name.normalize_to_macros_2_0(),
81 Region::LateBound(depth, idx, def_id.to_def_id(), origin),
85 fn late_anon(named_late_bound_vars: u32, index: &Cell<u32>) -> Region {
88 let depth = ty::INNERMOST;
89 Region::LateBoundAnon(depth, named_late_bound_vars + i, i)
92 fn id(&self) -> Option<DefId> {
94 Region::Static | Region::LateBoundAnon(..) => None,
96 Region::EarlyBound(_, id, _) | Region::LateBound(_, _, id, _) | Region::Free(_, id) => {
102 fn shifted(self, amount: u32) -> Region {
104 Region::LateBound(debruijn, idx, id, origin) => {
105 Region::LateBound(debruijn.shifted_in(amount), idx, id, origin)
107 Region::LateBoundAnon(debruijn, index, anon_index) => {
108 Region::LateBoundAnon(debruijn.shifted_in(amount), index, anon_index)
114 fn shifted_out_to_binder(self, binder: ty::DebruijnIndex) -> Region {
116 Region::LateBound(debruijn, index, id, origin) => {
117 Region::LateBound(debruijn.shifted_out_to_binder(binder), index, id, origin)
119 Region::LateBoundAnon(debruijn, index, anon_index) => {
120 Region::LateBoundAnon(debruijn.shifted_out_to_binder(binder), index, anon_index)
126 fn subst<'a, L>(self, mut params: L, map: &NamedRegionMap) -> Option<Region>
128 L: Iterator<Item = &'a hir::Lifetime>,
130 if let Region::EarlyBound(index, _, _) = self {
131 params.nth(index as usize).and_then(|lifetime| map.defs.get(&lifetime.hir_id).cloned())
138 /// Maps the id of each lifetime reference to the lifetime decl
139 /// that it corresponds to.
141 /// FIXME. This struct gets converted to a `ResolveLifetimes` for
142 /// actual use. It has the same data, but indexed by `LocalDefId`. This
144 #[derive(Debug, Default)]
145 struct NamedRegionMap {
146 // maps from every use of a named (not anonymous) lifetime to a
147 // `Region` describing how that region is bound
148 defs: HirIdMap<Region>,
150 // the set of lifetime def ids that are late-bound; a region can
151 // be late-bound if (a) it does NOT appear in a where-clause and
152 // (b) it DOES appear in the arguments.
153 late_bound: HirIdSet,
155 // Maps relevant hir items to the bound vars on them. These include:
157 // - function pointers
160 // - bound types (like `T` in `for<'a> T<'a>: Foo`)
161 late_bound_vars: HirIdMap<Vec<ty::BoundVariableKind>>,
163 // maps `PathSegment` `HirId`s to lifetime scopes.
164 scope_for_path: Option<FxHashMap<LocalDefId, FxHashMap<ItemLocalId, LifetimeScopeForPath>>>,
167 crate struct LifetimeContext<'a, 'tcx> {
168 crate tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>,
169 map: &'a mut NamedRegionMap,
172 /// Used to disallow the use of in-band lifetimes in `fn` or `Fn` syntax.
173 is_in_fn_syntax: bool,
175 is_in_const_generic: bool,
177 /// Indicates that we only care about the definition of a trait. This should
178 /// be false if the `Item` we are resolving lifetimes for is not a trait or
179 /// we eventually need lifetimes resolve for trait items.
180 trait_definition_only: bool,
182 /// List of labels in the function/method currently under analysis.
183 labels_in_fn: Vec<Ident>,
185 /// Cache for cross-crate per-definition object lifetime defaults.
186 xcrate_object_lifetime_defaults: DefIdMap<Vec<ObjectLifetimeDefault>>,
188 lifetime_uses: &'a mut DefIdMap<LifetimeUseSet<'tcx>>,
190 /// When encountering an undefined named lifetime, we will suggest introducing it in these
192 crate missing_named_lifetime_spots: Vec<MissingLifetimeSpot<'tcx>>,
197 /// Declares lifetimes, and each can be early-bound or late-bound.
198 /// The `DebruijnIndex` of late-bound lifetimes starts at `1` and
199 /// it should be shifted by the number of `Binder`s in between the
200 /// declaration `Binder` and the location it's referenced from.
202 /// We use an IndexMap here because we want these lifetimes in order
204 lifetimes: FxIndexMap<hir::ParamName, Region>,
206 /// if we extend this scope with another scope, what is the next index
207 /// we should use for an early-bound region?
208 next_early_index: u32,
210 /// Flag is set to true if, in this binder, `'_` would be
211 /// equivalent to a "single-use region". This is true on
212 /// impls, but not other kinds of items.
213 track_lifetime_uses: bool,
215 /// Whether or not this binder would serve as the parent
216 /// binder for opaque types introduced within. For example:
219 /// fn foo<'a>() -> impl for<'b> Trait<Item = impl Trait2<'a>>
222 /// Here, the opaque types we create for the `impl Trait`
223 /// and `impl Trait2` references will both have the `foo` item
224 /// as their parent. When we get to `impl Trait2`, we find
225 /// that it is nested within the `for<>` binder -- this flag
226 /// allows us to skip that when looking for the parent binder
227 /// of the resulting opaque type.
228 opaque_type_parent: bool,
230 scope_type: BinderScopeType,
232 /// The late bound vars for a given item are stored by `HirId` to be
233 /// queried later. However, if we enter an elision scope, we have to
234 /// later append the elided bound vars to the list and need to know what
241 /// Lifetimes introduced by a fn are scoped to the call-site for that fn,
242 /// if this is a fn body, otherwise the original definitions are used.
243 /// Unspecified lifetimes are inferred, unless an elision scope is nested,
244 /// e.g., `(&T, fn(&T) -> &T);` becomes `(&'_ T, for<'a> fn(&'a T) -> &'a T)`.
250 /// A scope which either determines unspecified lifetimes or errors
251 /// on them (e.g., due to ambiguity). For more details, see `Elide`.
257 /// Use a specific lifetime (if `Some`) or leave it unset (to be
258 /// inferred in a function body or potentially error outside one),
259 /// for the default choice of lifetime in a trait object type.
260 ObjectLifetimeDefault {
261 lifetime: Option<Region>,
265 /// When we have nested trait refs, we concanetate late bound vars for inner
266 /// trait refs from outer ones. But we also need to include any HRTB
267 /// lifetimes encountered when identifying the trait that an associated type
270 lifetimes: Vec<ty::BoundVariableKind>,
281 #[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug)]
282 enum BinderScopeType {
283 /// Any non-concatenating binder scopes.
285 /// Within a syntactic trait ref, there may be multiple poly trait refs that
286 /// are nested (under the `associcated_type_bounds` feature). The binders of
287 /// the innner poly trait refs are extended from the outer poly trait refs
288 /// and don't increase the late bound depth. If you had
289 /// `T: for<'a> Foo<Bar: for<'b> Baz<'a, 'b>>`, then the `for<'b>` scope
290 /// would be `Concatenating`. This also used in trait refs in where clauses
291 /// where we have two binders `for<> T: for<> Foo` (I've intentionally left
292 /// out any lifetimes because they aren't needed to show the two scopes).
293 /// The inner `for<>` has a scope of `Concatenating`.
297 // A helper struct for debugging scopes without printing parent scopes
298 struct TruncatedScopeDebug<'a>(&'a Scope<'a>);
300 impl<'a> fmt::Debug for TruncatedScopeDebug<'a> {
301 fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
312 .debug_struct("Binder")
313 .field("lifetimes", lifetimes)
314 .field("next_early_index", next_early_index)
315 .field("track_lifetime_uses", track_lifetime_uses)
316 .field("opaque_type_parent", opaque_type_parent)
317 .field("scope_type", scope_type)
318 .field("hir_id", hir_id)
321 Scope::Body { id, s: _ } => {
322 f.debug_struct("Body").field("id", id).field("s", &"..").finish()
324 Scope::Elision { elide, s: _ } => {
325 f.debug_struct("Elision").field("elide", elide).field("s", &"..").finish()
327 Scope::ObjectLifetimeDefault { lifetime, s: _ } => f
328 .debug_struct("ObjectLifetimeDefault")
329 .field("lifetime", lifetime)
332 Scope::Supertrait { lifetimes, s: _ } => f
333 .debug_struct("Supertrait")
334 .field("lifetimes", lifetimes)
337 Scope::TraitRefBoundary { s: _ } => f.debug_struct("TraitRefBoundary").finish(),
338 Scope::Root => f.debug_struct("Root").finish(),
343 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
345 /// Use a fresh anonymous late-bound lifetime each time, by
346 /// incrementing the counter to generate sequential indices. All
347 /// anonymous lifetimes must start *after* named bound vars.
348 FreshLateAnon(u32, Cell<u32>),
349 /// Always use this one lifetime.
351 /// Less or more than one lifetime were found, error on unspecified.
352 Error(Vec<ElisionFailureInfo>),
353 /// Forbid lifetime elision inside of a larger scope where it would be
354 /// permitted. For example, in let position impl trait.
358 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
359 crate struct ElisionFailureInfo {
360 /// Where we can find the argument pattern.
361 crate parent: Option<hir::BodyId>,
362 /// The index of the argument in the original definition.
364 crate lifetime_count: usize,
365 crate have_bound_regions: bool,
369 type ScopeRef<'a> = &'a Scope<'a>;
371 const ROOT_SCOPE: ScopeRef<'static> = &Scope::Root;
373 pub fn provide(providers: &mut ty::query::Providers) {
374 *providers = ty::query::Providers {
375 resolve_lifetimes_trait_definition,
378 named_region_map: |tcx, id| resolve_lifetimes_for(tcx, id).defs.get(&id),
380 object_lifetime_defaults_map: |tcx, id| match tcx.hir().find_by_def_id(id) {
381 Some(Node::Item(item)) => compute_object_lifetime_defaults(tcx, item),
384 late_bound_vars_map: |tcx, id| resolve_lifetimes_for(tcx, id).late_bound_vars.get(&id),
385 lifetime_scope_map: |tcx, id| {
386 let item_id = item_for(tcx, id);
387 do_resolve(tcx, item_id, false, true).scope_for_path.unwrap().remove(&id)
394 /// Like `resolve_lifetimes`, but does not resolve lifetimes for trait items.
395 /// Also does not generate any diagnostics.
397 /// This is ultimately a subset of the `resolve_lifetimes` work. It effectively
398 /// resolves lifetimes only within the trait "header" -- that is, the trait
399 /// and supertrait list. In contrast, `resolve_lifetimes` resolves all the
400 /// lifetimes within the trait and its items. There is room to refactor this,
401 /// for example to resolve lifetimes for each trait item in separate queries,
402 /// but it's convenient to do the entire trait at once because the lifetimes
403 /// from the trait definition are in scope within the trait items as well.
405 /// The reason for this separate call is to resolve what would otherwise
406 /// be a cycle. Consider this example:
412 /// trait Sub<'b>: for<'a> Base<'a> {
413 /// type SubItem: Sub<BaseItem = &'b u32>;
417 /// When we resolve `Sub` and all its items, we also have to resolve `Sub<BaseItem = &'b u32>`.
418 /// To figure out the index of `'b`, we have to know about the supertraits
419 /// of `Sub` so that we can determine that the `for<'a>` will be in scope.
420 /// (This is because we -- currently at least -- flatten all the late-bound
421 /// lifetimes into a single binder.) This requires us to resolve the
422 /// *trait definition* of `Sub`; basically just enough lifetime information
423 /// to look at the supertraits.
424 #[tracing::instrument(level = "debug", skip(tcx))]
425 fn resolve_lifetimes_trait_definition(
427 local_def_id: LocalDefId,
428 ) -> ResolveLifetimes {
429 convert_named_region_map(do_resolve(tcx, local_def_id, true, false))
432 /// Computes the `ResolveLifetimes` map that contains data for an entire `Item`.
433 /// You should not read the result of this query directly, but rather use
434 /// `named_region_map`, `is_late_bound_map`, etc.
435 #[tracing::instrument(level = "debug", skip(tcx))]
436 fn resolve_lifetimes(tcx: TyCtxt<'_>, local_def_id: LocalDefId) -> ResolveLifetimes {
437 convert_named_region_map(do_resolve(tcx, local_def_id, false, false))
442 local_def_id: LocalDefId,
443 trait_definition_only: bool,
444 with_scope_for_path: bool,
445 ) -> NamedRegionMap {
446 let item = tcx.hir().expect_item(local_def_id);
447 let mut named_region_map = NamedRegionMap {
448 defs: Default::default(),
449 late_bound: Default::default(),
450 late_bound_vars: Default::default(),
451 scope_for_path: with_scope_for_path.then(|| Default::default()),
453 let mut visitor = LifetimeContext {
455 map: &mut named_region_map,
457 is_in_fn_syntax: false,
458 is_in_const_generic: false,
459 trait_definition_only,
460 labels_in_fn: vec![],
461 xcrate_object_lifetime_defaults: Default::default(),
462 lifetime_uses: &mut Default::default(),
463 missing_named_lifetime_spots: vec![],
465 visitor.visit_item(item);
470 fn convert_named_region_map(named_region_map: NamedRegionMap) -> ResolveLifetimes {
471 let mut rl = ResolveLifetimes::default();
473 for (hir_id, v) in named_region_map.defs {
474 let map = rl.defs.entry(hir_id.owner).or_default();
475 map.insert(hir_id.local_id, v);
477 for hir_id in named_region_map.late_bound {
478 let map = rl.late_bound.entry(hir_id.owner).or_default();
479 map.insert(hir_id.local_id);
481 for (hir_id, v) in named_region_map.late_bound_vars {
482 let map = rl.late_bound_vars.entry(hir_id.owner).or_default();
483 map.insert(hir_id.local_id, v);
490 /// Given `any` owner (structs, traits, trait methods, etc.), does lifetime resolution.
491 /// There are two important things this does.
492 /// First, we have to resolve lifetimes for
493 /// the entire *`Item`* that contains this owner, because that's the largest "scope"
494 /// where we can have relevant lifetimes.
495 /// Second, if we are asking for lifetimes in a trait *definition*, we use `resolve_lifetimes_trait_definition`
496 /// instead of `resolve_lifetimes`, which does not descend into the trait items and does not emit diagnostics.
497 /// This allows us to avoid cycles. Importantly, if we ask for lifetimes for lifetimes that have an owner
498 /// other than the trait itself (like the trait methods or associated types), then we just use the regular
499 /// `resolve_lifetimes`.
500 fn resolve_lifetimes_for<'tcx>(tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>, def_id: LocalDefId) -> &'tcx ResolveLifetimes {
501 let item_id = item_for(tcx, def_id);
502 if item_id == def_id {
503 let item = tcx.hir().item(hir::ItemId { def_id: item_id });
505 hir::ItemKind::Trait(..) => tcx.resolve_lifetimes_trait_definition(item_id),
506 _ => tcx.resolve_lifetimes(item_id),
509 tcx.resolve_lifetimes(item_id)
513 /// Finds the `Item` that contains the given `LocalDefId`
514 fn item_for(tcx: TyCtxt<'_>, local_def_id: LocalDefId) -> LocalDefId {
515 match tcx.hir().find_by_def_id(local_def_id) {
516 Some(Node::Item(item)) => {
522 let hir_id = tcx.hir().local_def_id_to_hir_id(local_def_id);
523 let mut parent_iter = tcx.hir().parent_iter(hir_id);
525 let node = parent_iter.next().map(|n| n.1);
527 Some(hir::Node::Item(item)) => break item.def_id,
528 Some(hir::Node::Crate(_)) | None => bug!("Called `item_for` on an Item."),
536 fn is_late_bound_map<'tcx>(
539 ) -> Option<(LocalDefId, &'tcx FxHashSet<ItemLocalId>)> {
540 match tcx.def_kind(def_id) {
541 DefKind::AnonConst | DefKind::InlineConst => {
543 .parent(def_id.to_def_id())
544 .unwrap_or_else(|| bug!("anon const or closure without a parent"));
545 // We search for the next outer anon const or fn here
546 // while skipping closures.
548 // Note that for `AnonConst` we still just recurse until we
549 // find a function body, but who cares :shrug:
550 while tcx.is_closure(def_id) {
553 .unwrap_or_else(|| bug!("anon const or closure without a parent"));
556 tcx.is_late_bound_map(def_id.expect_local())
558 _ => resolve_lifetimes_for(tcx, def_id).late_bound.get(&def_id).map(|lt| (def_id, lt)),
562 /// In traits, there is an implicit `Self` type parameter which comes before the generics.
563 /// We have to account for this when computing the index of the other generic parameters.
564 /// This function returns whether there is such an implicit parameter defined on the given item.
565 fn sub_items_have_self_param(node: &hir::ItemKind<'_>) -> bool {
566 matches!(*node, hir::ItemKind::Trait(..) | hir::ItemKind::TraitAlias(..))
569 fn late_region_as_bound_region<'tcx>(tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>, region: &Region) -> ty::BoundVariableKind {
571 Region::LateBound(_, _, def_id, _) => {
572 let name = tcx.hir().name(tcx.hir().local_def_id_to_hir_id(def_id.expect_local()));
573 ty::BoundVariableKind::Region(ty::BrNamed(*def_id, name))
575 Region::LateBoundAnon(_, _, anon_idx) => {
576 ty::BoundVariableKind::Region(ty::BrAnon(*anon_idx))
578 _ => bug!("{:?} is not a late region", region),
582 #[tracing::instrument(level = "debug")]
583 fn get_lifetime_scopes_for_path(mut scope: &Scope<'_>) -> LifetimeScopeForPath {
584 let mut available_lifetimes = vec![];
587 Scope::Binder { lifetimes, s, .. } => {
588 available_lifetimes.extend(lifetimes.keys().filter_map(|p| match p {
589 hir::ParamName::Plain(ident) => Some(ident.name.to_string()),
594 Scope::Body { s, .. } => {
597 Scope::Elision { elide, s } => {
598 if let Elide::Exact(_) = elide {
599 return LifetimeScopeForPath::Elided;
604 Scope::ObjectLifetimeDefault { s, .. } => {
608 return LifetimeScopeForPath::NonElided(available_lifetimes);
610 Scope::Supertrait { s, .. } | Scope::TraitRefBoundary { s, .. } => {
617 impl<'a, 'tcx> LifetimeContext<'a, 'tcx> {
618 /// Returns the binders in scope and the type of `Binder` that should be created for a poly trait ref.
619 fn poly_trait_ref_binder_info(&mut self) -> (Vec<ty::BoundVariableKind>, BinderScopeType) {
620 let mut scope = self.scope;
621 let mut supertrait_lifetimes = vec![];
624 Scope::Body { .. } | Scope::Root => {
625 break (vec![], BinderScopeType::Normal);
628 Scope::Elision { s, .. } | Scope::ObjectLifetimeDefault { s, .. } => {
632 Scope::Supertrait { s, lifetimes } => {
633 supertrait_lifetimes = lifetimes.clone();
637 Scope::TraitRefBoundary { .. } => {
638 // We should only see super trait lifetimes if there is a `Binder` above
639 assert!(supertrait_lifetimes.is_empty());
640 break (vec![], BinderScopeType::Normal);
643 Scope::Binder { hir_id, .. } => {
644 // Nested poly trait refs have the binders concatenated
645 let mut full_binders =
646 self.map.late_bound_vars.entry(*hir_id).or_default().clone();
647 full_binders.extend(supertrait_lifetimes.into_iter());
648 break (full_binders, BinderScopeType::Concatenating);
654 impl<'a, 'tcx> Visitor<'tcx> for LifetimeContext<'a, 'tcx> {
655 type NestedFilter = nested_filter::All;
657 fn nested_visit_map(&mut self) -> Self::Map {
661 // We want to nest trait/impl items in their parent, but nothing else.
662 fn visit_nested_item(&mut self, _: hir::ItemId) {}
664 fn visit_trait_item_ref(&mut self, ii: &'tcx hir::TraitItemRef) {
665 if !self.trait_definition_only {
666 intravisit::walk_trait_item_ref(self, ii)
670 fn visit_nested_body(&mut self, body: hir::BodyId) {
671 // Each body has their own set of labels, save labels.
672 let saved = take(&mut self.labels_in_fn);
673 let body = self.tcx.hir().body(body);
674 extract_labels(self, body);
675 self.with(Scope::Body { id: body.id(), s: self.scope }, |_, this| {
676 this.visit_body(body);
678 self.labels_in_fn = saved;
683 fk: intravisit::FnKind<'tcx>,
684 fd: &'tcx hir::FnDecl<'tcx>,
689 let name = match fk {
690 intravisit::FnKind::ItemFn(id, _, _, _) => id.name,
691 intravisit::FnKind::Method(id, _, _) => id.name,
692 intravisit::FnKind::Closure => sym::closure,
694 let name = name.as_str();
695 let span = span!(Level::DEBUG, "visit_fn", name);
696 let _enter = span.enter();
698 // Any `Binders` are handled elsewhere
699 intravisit::FnKind::ItemFn(..) | intravisit::FnKind::Method(..) => {
700 intravisit::walk_fn(self, fk, fd, b, s, hir_id)
702 intravisit::FnKind::Closure => {
703 self.map.late_bound_vars.insert(hir_id, vec![]);
704 let scope = Scope::Binder {
706 lifetimes: FxIndexMap::default(),
707 next_early_index: self.next_early_index(),
709 track_lifetime_uses: true,
710 opaque_type_parent: false,
711 scope_type: BinderScopeType::Normal,
713 self.with(scope, move |_old_scope, this| {
714 intravisit::walk_fn(this, fk, fd, b, s, hir_id)
720 fn visit_item(&mut self, item: &'tcx hir::Item<'tcx>) {
722 hir::ItemKind::Impl(hir::Impl { of_trait, .. }) => {
723 if let Some(of_trait) = of_trait {
724 self.map.late_bound_vars.insert(of_trait.hir_ref_id, Vec::default());
730 hir::ItemKind::Fn(ref sig, ref generics, _) => {
731 self.missing_named_lifetime_spots.push(generics.into());
732 self.visit_early_late(None, item.hir_id(), &sig.decl, generics, |this| {
733 intravisit::walk_item(this, item);
735 self.missing_named_lifetime_spots.pop();
738 hir::ItemKind::ExternCrate(_)
739 | hir::ItemKind::Use(..)
740 | hir::ItemKind::Macro(..)
741 | hir::ItemKind::Mod(..)
742 | hir::ItemKind::ForeignMod { .. }
743 | hir::ItemKind::GlobalAsm(..) => {
744 // These sorts of items have no lifetime parameters at all.
745 intravisit::walk_item(self, item);
747 hir::ItemKind::Static(..) | hir::ItemKind::Const(..) => {
748 // No lifetime parameters, but implied 'static.
749 let scope = Scope::Elision { elide: Elide::Exact(Region::Static), s: ROOT_SCOPE };
750 self.with(scope, |_, this| intravisit::walk_item(this, item));
752 hir::ItemKind::OpaqueTy(hir::OpaqueTy { .. }) => {
753 // Opaque types are visited when we visit the
754 // `TyKind::OpaqueDef`, so that they have the lifetimes from
755 // their parent opaque_ty in scope.
757 // The core idea here is that since OpaqueTys are generated with the impl Trait as
758 // their owner, we can keep going until we find the Item that owns that. We then
759 // conservatively add all resolved lifetimes. Otherwise we run into problems in
760 // cases like `type Foo<'a> = impl Bar<As = impl Baz + 'a>`.
761 for (_hir_id, node) in
762 self.tcx.hir().parent_iter(self.tcx.hir().local_def_id_to_hir_id(item.def_id))
765 hir::Node::Item(parent_item) => {
766 let resolved_lifetimes: &ResolveLifetimes =
767 self.tcx.resolve_lifetimes(item_for(self.tcx, parent_item.def_id));
768 // We need to add *all* deps, since opaque tys may want them from *us*
769 for (&owner, defs) in resolved_lifetimes.defs.iter() {
770 defs.iter().for_each(|(&local_id, region)| {
771 self.map.defs.insert(hir::HirId { owner, local_id }, *region);
774 for (&owner, late_bound) in resolved_lifetimes.late_bound.iter() {
775 late_bound.iter().for_each(|&local_id| {
776 self.map.late_bound.insert(hir::HirId { owner, local_id });
779 for (&owner, late_bound_vars) in
780 resolved_lifetimes.late_bound_vars.iter()
782 late_bound_vars.iter().for_each(|(&local_id, late_bound_vars)| {
783 self.map.late_bound_vars.insert(
784 hir::HirId { owner, local_id },
785 late_bound_vars.clone(),
791 hir::Node::Crate(_) => bug!("No Item about an OpaqueTy"),
796 hir::ItemKind::TyAlias(_, ref generics)
797 | hir::ItemKind::Enum(_, ref generics)
798 | hir::ItemKind::Struct(_, ref generics)
799 | hir::ItemKind::Union(_, ref generics)
800 | hir::ItemKind::Trait(_, _, ref generics, ..)
801 | hir::ItemKind::TraitAlias(ref generics, ..)
802 | hir::ItemKind::Impl(hir::Impl { ref generics, .. }) => {
803 self.missing_named_lifetime_spots.push(generics.into());
805 // Impls permit `'_` to be used and it is equivalent to "some fresh lifetime name".
806 // This is not true for other kinds of items.
807 let track_lifetime_uses = matches!(item.kind, hir::ItemKind::Impl { .. });
808 // These kinds of items have only early-bound lifetime parameters.
809 let mut index = if sub_items_have_self_param(&item.kind) {
810 1 // Self comes before lifetimes
814 let mut non_lifetime_count = 0;
815 let lifetimes = generics
818 .filter_map(|param| match param.kind {
819 GenericParamKind::Lifetime { .. } => {
820 Some(Region::early(&self.tcx.hir(), &mut index, param))
822 GenericParamKind::Type { .. } | GenericParamKind::Const { .. } => {
823 non_lifetime_count += 1;
828 self.map.late_bound_vars.insert(item.hir_id(), vec![]);
829 let scope = Scope::Binder {
830 hir_id: item.hir_id(),
832 next_early_index: index + non_lifetime_count,
833 opaque_type_parent: true,
835 scope_type: BinderScopeType::Normal,
838 self.with(scope, |old_scope, this| {
839 this.check_lifetime_params(old_scope, &generics.params);
840 let scope = Scope::TraitRefBoundary { s: this.scope };
841 this.with(scope, |_, this| {
842 intravisit::walk_item(this, item);
845 self.missing_named_lifetime_spots.pop();
850 fn visit_foreign_item(&mut self, item: &'tcx hir::ForeignItem<'tcx>) {
852 hir::ForeignItemKind::Fn(ref decl, _, ref generics) => {
853 self.visit_early_late(None, item.hir_id(), decl, generics, |this| {
854 intravisit::walk_foreign_item(this, item);
857 hir::ForeignItemKind::Static(..) => {
858 intravisit::walk_foreign_item(self, item);
860 hir::ForeignItemKind::Type => {
861 intravisit::walk_foreign_item(self, item);
866 #[tracing::instrument(level = "debug", skip(self))]
867 fn visit_ty(&mut self, ty: &'tcx hir::Ty<'tcx>) {
869 hir::TyKind::BareFn(ref c) => {
870 let next_early_index = self.next_early_index();
871 let was_in_fn_syntax = self.is_in_fn_syntax;
872 self.is_in_fn_syntax = true;
873 let lifetime_span: Option<Span> =
874 c.generic_params.iter().rev().find_map(|param| match param.kind {
875 GenericParamKind::Lifetime { .. } => Some(param.span),
878 let (span, span_type) = if let Some(span) = lifetime_span {
879 (span.shrink_to_hi(), ForLifetimeSpanType::TypeTail)
881 (ty.span.shrink_to_lo(), ForLifetimeSpanType::TypeEmpty)
883 self.missing_named_lifetime_spots
884 .push(MissingLifetimeSpot::HigherRanked { span, span_type });
885 let (lifetimes, binders): (FxIndexMap<hir::ParamName, Region>, Vec<_>) = c
888 .filter(|param| matches!(param.kind, GenericParamKind::Lifetime { .. }))
890 .map(|(late_bound_idx, param)| {
891 let pair = Region::late(late_bound_idx as u32, &self.tcx.hir(), param);
892 let r = late_region_as_bound_region(self.tcx, &pair.1);
896 self.map.late_bound_vars.insert(ty.hir_id, binders);
897 let scope = Scope::Binder {
902 track_lifetime_uses: true,
903 opaque_type_parent: false,
904 scope_type: BinderScopeType::Normal,
906 self.with(scope, |old_scope, this| {
907 // a bare fn has no bounds, so everything
908 // contained within is scoped within its binder.
909 this.check_lifetime_params(old_scope, &c.generic_params);
910 intravisit::walk_ty(this, ty);
912 self.missing_named_lifetime_spots.pop();
913 self.is_in_fn_syntax = was_in_fn_syntax;
915 hir::TyKind::TraitObject(bounds, ref lifetime, _) => {
916 debug!(?bounds, ?lifetime, "TraitObject");
917 let scope = Scope::TraitRefBoundary { s: self.scope };
918 self.with(scope, |_, this| {
919 for bound in bounds {
920 this.visit_poly_trait_ref(bound, hir::TraitBoundModifier::None);
923 match lifetime.name {
924 LifetimeName::Implicit(_) => {
925 // For types like `dyn Foo`, we should
926 // generate a special form of elided.
927 span_bug!(ty.span, "object-lifetime-default expected, not implicit",);
929 LifetimeName::ImplicitObjectLifetimeDefault => {
930 // If the user does not write *anything*, we
931 // use the object lifetime defaulting
932 // rules. So e.g., `Box<dyn Debug>` becomes
933 // `Box<dyn Debug + 'static>`.
934 self.resolve_object_lifetime_default(lifetime)
936 LifetimeName::Underscore => {
937 // If the user writes `'_`, we use the *ordinary* elision
938 // rules. So the `'_` in e.g., `Box<dyn Debug + '_>` will be
939 // resolved the same as the `'_` in `&'_ Foo`.
942 self.resolve_elided_lifetimes(&[lifetime])
944 LifetimeName::Param(_) | LifetimeName::Static => {
945 // If the user wrote an explicit name, use that.
946 self.visit_lifetime(lifetime);
948 LifetimeName::Error => {}
951 hir::TyKind::Rptr(ref lifetime_ref, ref mt) => {
952 self.visit_lifetime(lifetime_ref);
953 let scope = Scope::ObjectLifetimeDefault {
954 lifetime: self.map.defs.get(&lifetime_ref.hir_id).cloned(),
957 self.with(scope, |_, this| this.visit_ty(&mt.ty));
959 hir::TyKind::OpaqueDef(item_id, lifetimes) => {
960 // Resolve the lifetimes in the bounds to the lifetime defs in the generics.
961 // `fn foo<'a>() -> impl MyTrait<'a> { ... }` desugars to
962 // `type MyAnonTy<'b> = impl MyTrait<'b>;`
963 // ^ ^ this gets resolved in the scope of
964 // the opaque_ty generics
965 let opaque_ty = self.tcx.hir().item(item_id);
966 let (generics, bounds) = match opaque_ty.kind {
967 // Named opaque `impl Trait` types are reached via `TyKind::Path`.
968 // This arm is for `impl Trait` in the types of statics, constants and locals.
969 hir::ItemKind::OpaqueTy(hir::OpaqueTy {
970 origin: hir::OpaqueTyOrigin::TyAlias,
973 intravisit::walk_ty(self, ty);
975 // Elided lifetimes are not allowed in non-return
976 // position impl Trait
977 let scope = Scope::TraitRefBoundary { s: self.scope };
978 self.with(scope, |_, this| {
979 let scope = Scope::Elision { elide: Elide::Forbid, s: this.scope };
980 this.with(scope, |_, this| {
981 intravisit::walk_item(this, opaque_ty);
987 // RPIT (return position impl trait)
988 hir::ItemKind::OpaqueTy(hir::OpaqueTy {
989 origin: hir::OpaqueTyOrigin::FnReturn(..) | hir::OpaqueTyOrigin::AsyncFn(..),
993 }) => (generics, bounds),
994 ref i => bug!("`impl Trait` pointed to non-opaque type?? {:#?}", i),
997 // Resolve the lifetimes that are applied to the opaque type.
998 // These are resolved in the current scope.
999 // `fn foo<'a>() -> impl MyTrait<'a> { ... }` desugars to
1000 // `fn foo<'a>() -> MyAnonTy<'a> { ... }`
1001 // ^ ^this gets resolved in the current scope
1002 for lifetime in lifetimes {
1003 let hir::GenericArg::Lifetime(lifetime) = lifetime else {
1006 self.visit_lifetime(lifetime);
1008 // Check for predicates like `impl for<'a> Trait<impl OtherTrait<'a>>`
1009 // and ban them. Type variables instantiated inside binders aren't
1010 // well-supported at the moment, so this doesn't work.
1011 // In the future, this should be fixed and this error should be removed.
1012 let def = self.map.defs.get(&lifetime.hir_id).cloned();
1013 let Some(Region::LateBound(_, _, def_id, _)) = def else {
1016 let Some(def_id) = def_id.as_local() else {
1019 let hir_id = self.tcx.hir().local_def_id_to_hir_id(def_id);
1020 // Ensure that the parent of the def is an item, not HRTB
1021 let parent_id = self.tcx.hir().get_parent_node(hir_id);
1022 if !parent_id.is_owner() {
1023 if !self.trait_definition_only {
1028 "`impl Trait` can only capture lifetimes \
1029 bound at the fn or impl level"
1033 self.uninsert_lifetime_on_error(lifetime, def.unwrap());
1037 // We want to start our early-bound indices at the end of the parent scope,
1038 // not including any parent `impl Trait`s.
1039 let mut index = self.next_early_index_for_opaque_type();
1042 let mut elision = None;
1043 let mut lifetimes = FxIndexMap::default();
1044 let mut non_lifetime_count = 0;
1045 for param in generics.params {
1047 GenericParamKind::Lifetime { .. } => {
1048 let (name, reg) = Region::early(&self.tcx.hir(), &mut index, ¶m);
1049 let Region::EarlyBound(_, def_id, _) = reg else {
1052 // We cannot predict what lifetimes are unused in opaque type.
1053 self.lifetime_uses.insert(def_id, LifetimeUseSet::Many);
1054 if let hir::ParamName::Plain(Ident {
1055 name: kw::UnderscoreLifetime,
1059 // Pick the elided lifetime "definition" if one exists
1060 // and use it to make an elision scope.
1061 elision = Some(reg);
1063 lifetimes.insert(name, reg);
1066 GenericParamKind::Type { .. } | GenericParamKind::Const { .. } => {
1067 non_lifetime_count += 1;
1071 let next_early_index = index + non_lifetime_count;
1072 self.map.late_bound_vars.insert(ty.hir_id, vec![]);
1074 if let Some(elision_region) = elision {
1076 Scope::Elision { elide: Elide::Exact(elision_region), s: self.scope };
1077 self.with(scope, |_old_scope, this| {
1078 let scope = Scope::Binder {
1083 track_lifetime_uses: true,
1084 opaque_type_parent: false,
1085 scope_type: BinderScopeType::Normal,
1087 this.with(scope, |_old_scope, this| {
1088 this.visit_generics(generics);
1089 let scope = Scope::TraitRefBoundary { s: this.scope };
1090 this.with(scope, |_, this| {
1091 for bound in bounds {
1092 this.visit_param_bound(bound);
1098 let scope = Scope::Binder {
1103 track_lifetime_uses: true,
1104 opaque_type_parent: false,
1105 scope_type: BinderScopeType::Normal,
1107 self.with(scope, |_old_scope, this| {
1108 let scope = Scope::TraitRefBoundary { s: this.scope };
1109 this.with(scope, |_, this| {
1110 this.visit_generics(generics);
1111 for bound in bounds {
1112 this.visit_param_bound(bound);
1118 _ => intravisit::walk_ty(self, ty),
1122 fn visit_trait_item(&mut self, trait_item: &'tcx hir::TraitItem<'tcx>) {
1123 use self::hir::TraitItemKind::*;
1124 match trait_item.kind {
1126 self.missing_named_lifetime_spots.push((&trait_item.generics).into());
1128 self.visit_early_late(
1129 Some(tcx.hir().get_parent_item(trait_item.hir_id())),
1130 trait_item.hir_id(),
1132 &trait_item.generics,
1133 |this| intravisit::walk_trait_item(this, trait_item),
1135 self.missing_named_lifetime_spots.pop();
1137 Type(bounds, ref ty) => {
1138 self.missing_named_lifetime_spots.push((&trait_item.generics).into());
1139 let generics = &trait_item.generics;
1140 let mut index = self.next_early_index();
1141 debug!("visit_ty: index = {}", index);
1142 let mut non_lifetime_count = 0;
1143 let lifetimes = generics
1146 .filter_map(|param| match param.kind {
1147 GenericParamKind::Lifetime { .. } => {
1148 Some(Region::early(&self.tcx.hir(), &mut index, param))
1150 GenericParamKind::Type { .. } | GenericParamKind::Const { .. } => {
1151 non_lifetime_count += 1;
1156 self.map.late_bound_vars.insert(trait_item.hir_id(), vec![]);
1157 let scope = Scope::Binder {
1158 hir_id: trait_item.hir_id(),
1160 next_early_index: index + non_lifetime_count,
1162 track_lifetime_uses: true,
1163 opaque_type_parent: true,
1164 scope_type: BinderScopeType::Normal,
1166 self.with(scope, |old_scope, this| {
1167 this.check_lifetime_params(old_scope, &generics.params);
1168 let scope = Scope::TraitRefBoundary { s: this.scope };
1169 this.with(scope, |_, this| {
1170 this.visit_generics(generics);
1171 for bound in bounds {
1172 this.visit_param_bound(bound);
1174 if let Some(ty) = ty {
1179 self.missing_named_lifetime_spots.pop();
1182 // Only methods and types support generics.
1183 assert!(trait_item.generics.params.is_empty());
1184 self.missing_named_lifetime_spots.push(MissingLifetimeSpot::Static);
1185 intravisit::walk_trait_item(self, trait_item);
1186 self.missing_named_lifetime_spots.pop();
1191 fn visit_impl_item(&mut self, impl_item: &'tcx hir::ImplItem<'tcx>) {
1192 use self::hir::ImplItemKind::*;
1193 match impl_item.kind {
1195 self.missing_named_lifetime_spots.push((&impl_item.generics).into());
1197 self.visit_early_late(
1198 Some(tcx.hir().get_parent_item(impl_item.hir_id())),
1201 &impl_item.generics,
1202 |this| intravisit::walk_impl_item(this, impl_item),
1204 self.missing_named_lifetime_spots.pop();
1206 TyAlias(ref ty) => {
1207 let generics = &impl_item.generics;
1208 self.missing_named_lifetime_spots.push(generics.into());
1209 let mut index = self.next_early_index();
1210 let mut non_lifetime_count = 0;
1211 debug!("visit_ty: index = {}", index);
1212 let lifetimes: FxIndexMap<hir::ParamName, Region> = generics
1215 .filter_map(|param| match param.kind {
1216 GenericParamKind::Lifetime { .. } => {
1217 Some(Region::early(&self.tcx.hir(), &mut index, param))
1219 GenericParamKind::Const { .. } | GenericParamKind::Type { .. } => {
1220 non_lifetime_count += 1;
1225 self.map.late_bound_vars.insert(ty.hir_id, vec![]);
1226 let scope = Scope::Binder {
1229 next_early_index: index + non_lifetime_count,
1231 track_lifetime_uses: true,
1232 opaque_type_parent: true,
1233 scope_type: BinderScopeType::Normal,
1235 self.with(scope, |old_scope, this| {
1236 this.check_lifetime_params(old_scope, &generics.params);
1237 let scope = Scope::TraitRefBoundary { s: this.scope };
1238 this.with(scope, |_, this| {
1239 this.visit_generics(generics);
1243 self.missing_named_lifetime_spots.pop();
1246 // Only methods and types support generics.
1247 assert!(impl_item.generics.params.is_empty());
1248 self.missing_named_lifetime_spots.push(MissingLifetimeSpot::Static);
1249 intravisit::walk_impl_item(self, impl_item);
1250 self.missing_named_lifetime_spots.pop();
1255 #[tracing::instrument(level = "debug", skip(self))]
1256 fn visit_lifetime(&mut self, lifetime_ref: &'tcx hir::Lifetime) {
1257 if lifetime_ref.is_elided() {
1258 self.resolve_elided_lifetimes(&[lifetime_ref]);
1261 if lifetime_ref.is_static() {
1262 self.insert_lifetime(lifetime_ref, Region::Static);
1265 if self.is_in_const_generic && lifetime_ref.name != LifetimeName::Error {
1266 self.emit_non_static_lt_in_const_generic_error(lifetime_ref);
1269 self.resolve_lifetime_ref(lifetime_ref);
1272 fn visit_assoc_type_binding(&mut self, type_binding: &'tcx hir::TypeBinding<'_>) {
1273 let scope = self.scope;
1274 if let Some(scope_for_path) = self.map.scope_for_path.as_mut() {
1275 // We add lifetime scope information for `Ident`s in associated type bindings and use
1276 // the `HirId` of the type binding as the key in `LifetimeMap`
1277 let lifetime_scope = get_lifetime_scopes_for_path(scope);
1278 let map = scope_for_path.entry(type_binding.hir_id.owner).or_default();
1279 map.insert(type_binding.hir_id.local_id, lifetime_scope);
1281 hir::intravisit::walk_assoc_type_binding(self, type_binding);
1284 fn visit_path(&mut self, path: &'tcx hir::Path<'tcx>, _: hir::HirId) {
1285 for (i, segment) in path.segments.iter().enumerate() {
1286 let depth = path.segments.len() - i - 1;
1287 if let Some(ref args) = segment.args {
1288 self.visit_segment_args(path.res, depth, args);
1291 let scope = self.scope;
1292 if let Some(scope_for_path) = self.map.scope_for_path.as_mut() {
1293 // Add lifetime scope information to path segment. Note we cannot call `visit_path_segment`
1294 // here because that call would yield to resolution problems due to `walk_path_segment`
1295 // being called, which processes the path segments generic args, which we have already
1296 // processed using `visit_segment_args`.
1297 let lifetime_scope = get_lifetime_scopes_for_path(scope);
1298 if let Some(hir_id) = segment.hir_id {
1299 let map = scope_for_path.entry(hir_id.owner).or_default();
1300 map.insert(hir_id.local_id, lifetime_scope);
1306 fn visit_path_segment(&mut self, path_span: Span, path_segment: &'tcx hir::PathSegment<'tcx>) {
1307 let scope = self.scope;
1308 if let Some(scope_for_path) = self.map.scope_for_path.as_mut() {
1309 let lifetime_scope = get_lifetime_scopes_for_path(scope);
1310 if let Some(hir_id) = path_segment.hir_id {
1311 let map = scope_for_path.entry(hir_id.owner).or_default();
1312 map.insert(hir_id.local_id, lifetime_scope);
1316 intravisit::walk_path_segment(self, path_span, path_segment);
1319 fn visit_fn_decl(&mut self, fd: &'tcx hir::FnDecl<'tcx>) {
1320 let output = match fd.output {
1321 hir::FnRetTy::DefaultReturn(_) => None,
1322 hir::FnRetTy::Return(ref ty) => Some(&**ty),
1324 self.visit_fn_like_elision(&fd.inputs, output);
1327 fn visit_generics(&mut self, generics: &'tcx hir::Generics<'tcx>) {
1328 if !self.trait_definition_only {
1329 check_mixed_explicit_and_in_band_defs(self.tcx, &generics.params);
1331 let scope = Scope::TraitRefBoundary { s: self.scope };
1332 self.with(scope, |_, this| {
1333 for param in generics.params {
1335 GenericParamKind::Lifetime { .. } => {}
1336 GenericParamKind::Type { ref default, .. } => {
1337 walk_list!(this, visit_param_bound, param.bounds);
1338 if let Some(ref ty) = default {
1342 GenericParamKind::Const { ref ty, .. } => {
1343 let was_in_const_generic = this.is_in_const_generic;
1344 this.is_in_const_generic = true;
1345 walk_list!(this, visit_param_bound, param.bounds);
1347 this.is_in_const_generic = was_in_const_generic;
1351 for predicate in generics.where_clause.predicates {
1353 &hir::WherePredicate::BoundPredicate(hir::WhereBoundPredicate {
1356 ref bound_generic_params,
1359 let (lifetimes, binders): (FxIndexMap<hir::ParamName, Region>, Vec<_>) =
1360 bound_generic_params
1363 matches!(param.kind, GenericParamKind::Lifetime { .. })
1366 .map(|(late_bound_idx, param)| {
1368 Region::late(late_bound_idx as u32, &this.tcx.hir(), param);
1369 let r = late_region_as_bound_region(this.tcx, &pair.1);
1373 this.map.late_bound_vars.insert(bounded_ty.hir_id, binders.clone());
1374 let next_early_index = this.next_early_index();
1375 // Even if there are no lifetimes defined here, we still wrap it in a binder
1376 // scope. If there happens to be a nested poly trait ref (an error), that
1377 // will be `Concatenating` anyways, so we don't have to worry about the depth
1379 let scope = Scope::Binder {
1380 hir_id: bounded_ty.hir_id,
1384 track_lifetime_uses: true,
1385 opaque_type_parent: false,
1386 scope_type: BinderScopeType::Normal,
1388 this.with(scope, |old_scope, this| {
1389 this.check_lifetime_params(old_scope, &bound_generic_params);
1390 this.visit_ty(&bounded_ty);
1391 walk_list!(this, visit_param_bound, bounds);
1394 &hir::WherePredicate::RegionPredicate(hir::WhereRegionPredicate {
1399 this.visit_lifetime(lifetime);
1400 walk_list!(this, visit_param_bound, bounds);
1402 &hir::WherePredicate::EqPredicate(hir::WhereEqPredicate {
1407 this.visit_ty(lhs_ty);
1408 this.visit_ty(rhs_ty);
1415 fn visit_param_bound(&mut self, bound: &'tcx hir::GenericBound<'tcx>) {
1417 hir::GenericBound::LangItemTrait(_, _, hir_id, _) => {
1418 // FIXME(jackh726): This is pretty weird. `LangItemTrait` doesn't go
1419 // through the regular poly trait ref code, so we don't get another
1420 // chance to introduce a binder. For now, I'm keeping the existing logic
1421 // of "if there isn't a Binder scope above us, add one", but I
1422 // imagine there's a better way to go about this.
1423 let (binders, scope_type) = self.poly_trait_ref_binder_info();
1425 self.map.late_bound_vars.insert(*hir_id, binders);
1426 let scope = Scope::Binder {
1428 lifetimes: FxIndexMap::default(),
1430 next_early_index: self.next_early_index(),
1431 track_lifetime_uses: true,
1432 opaque_type_parent: false,
1435 self.with(scope, |_, this| {
1436 intravisit::walk_param_bound(this, bound);
1439 _ => intravisit::walk_param_bound(self, bound),
1443 fn visit_poly_trait_ref(
1445 trait_ref: &'tcx hir::PolyTraitRef<'tcx>,
1446 _modifier: hir::TraitBoundModifier,
1448 debug!("visit_poly_trait_ref(trait_ref={:?})", trait_ref);
1450 let should_pop_missing_lt = self.is_trait_ref_fn_scope(trait_ref);
1452 let next_early_index = self.next_early_index();
1453 let (mut binders, scope_type) = self.poly_trait_ref_binder_info();
1455 let initial_bound_vars = binders.len() as u32;
1456 let mut lifetimes: FxIndexMap<hir::ParamName, Region> = FxIndexMap::default();
1457 let binders_iter = trait_ref
1458 .bound_generic_params
1460 .filter(|param| matches!(param.kind, GenericParamKind::Lifetime { .. }))
1462 .map(|(late_bound_idx, param)| {
1463 let pair = Region::late(
1464 initial_bound_vars + late_bound_idx as u32,
1468 let r = late_region_as_bound_region(self.tcx, &pair.1);
1469 lifetimes.insert(pair.0, pair.1);
1472 binders.extend(binders_iter);
1475 self.map.late_bound_vars.insert(trait_ref.trait_ref.hir_ref_id, binders);
1477 // Always introduce a scope here, even if this is in a where clause and
1478 // we introduced the binders around the bounded Ty. In that case, we
1479 // just reuse the concatenation functionality also present in nested trait
1481 let scope = Scope::Binder {
1482 hir_id: trait_ref.trait_ref.hir_ref_id,
1486 track_lifetime_uses: true,
1487 opaque_type_parent: false,
1490 self.with(scope, |old_scope, this| {
1491 this.check_lifetime_params(old_scope, &trait_ref.bound_generic_params);
1492 walk_list!(this, visit_generic_param, trait_ref.bound_generic_params);
1493 this.visit_trait_ref(&trait_ref.trait_ref);
1496 if should_pop_missing_lt {
1497 self.missing_named_lifetime_spots.pop();
1502 #[derive(Copy, Clone, PartialEq)]
1516 fn original_label(span: Span) -> Original {
1517 Original { kind: ShadowKind::Label, span }
1519 fn shadower_label(span: Span) -> Shadower {
1520 Shadower { kind: ShadowKind::Label, span }
1522 fn original_lifetime(span: Span) -> Original {
1523 Original { kind: ShadowKind::Lifetime, span }
1525 fn shadower_lifetime(param: &hir::GenericParam<'_>) -> Shadower {
1526 Shadower { kind: ShadowKind::Lifetime, span: param.span }
1530 fn desc(&self) -> &'static str {
1532 ShadowKind::Label => "label",
1533 ShadowKind::Lifetime => "lifetime",
1538 fn check_mixed_explicit_and_in_band_defs(tcx: TyCtxt<'_>, params: &[hir::GenericParam<'_>]) {
1539 let lifetime_params: Vec<_> = params
1541 .filter_map(|param| match param.kind {
1542 GenericParamKind::Lifetime { kind, .. } => Some((kind, param.span)),
1546 let explicit = lifetime_params.iter().find(|(kind, _)| *kind == LifetimeParamKind::Explicit);
1547 let in_band = lifetime_params.iter().find(|(kind, _)| *kind == LifetimeParamKind::InBand);
1549 if let (Some((_, explicit_span)), Some((_, in_band_span))) = (explicit, in_band) {
1554 "cannot mix in-band and explicit lifetime definitions"
1556 .span_label(*in_band_span, "in-band lifetime definition here")
1557 .span_label(*explicit_span, "explicit lifetime definition here")
1562 fn signal_shadowing_problem(tcx: TyCtxt<'_>, name: Symbol, orig: Original, shadower: Shadower) {
1563 let mut err = if let (ShadowKind::Lifetime, ShadowKind::Lifetime) = (orig.kind, shadower.kind) {
1564 // lifetime/lifetime shadowing is an error
1569 "{} name `{}` shadows a \
1570 {} name that is already in scope",
1571 shadower.kind.desc(),
1576 // shadowing involving a label is only a warning, due to issues with
1577 // labels and lifetimes not being macro-hygienic.
1578 tcx.sess.struct_span_warn(
1581 "{} name `{}` shadows a \
1582 {} name that is already in scope",
1583 shadower.kind.desc(),
1589 err.span_label(orig.span, "first declared here");
1590 err.span_label(shadower.span, format!("{} `{}` already in scope", orig.kind.desc(), name));
1594 // Adds all labels in `b` to `ctxt.labels_in_fn`, signalling a warning
1595 // if one of the label shadows a lifetime or another label.
1596 fn extract_labels(ctxt: &mut LifetimeContext<'_, '_>, body: &hir::Body<'_>) {
1597 struct GatherLabels<'a, 'tcx> {
1599 scope: ScopeRef<'a>,
1600 labels_in_fn: &'a mut Vec<Ident>,
1604 GatherLabels { tcx: ctxt.tcx, scope: ctxt.scope, labels_in_fn: &mut ctxt.labels_in_fn };
1605 gather.visit_body(body);
1607 impl<'v, 'a, 'tcx> Visitor<'v> for GatherLabels<'a, 'tcx> {
1608 fn visit_expr(&mut self, ex: &hir::Expr<'_>) {
1609 if let Some(label) = expression_label(ex) {
1610 for prior_label in &self.labels_in_fn[..] {
1611 // FIXME (#24278): non-hygienic comparison
1612 if label.name == prior_label.name {
1613 signal_shadowing_problem(
1616 original_label(prior_label.span),
1617 shadower_label(label.span),
1622 check_if_label_shadows_lifetime(self.tcx, self.scope, label);
1624 self.labels_in_fn.push(label);
1626 intravisit::walk_expr(self, ex)
1630 fn expression_label(ex: &hir::Expr<'_>) -> Option<Ident> {
1632 hir::ExprKind::Loop(_, Some(label), ..) => Some(label.ident),
1633 hir::ExprKind::Block(_, Some(label)) => Some(label.ident),
1638 fn check_if_label_shadows_lifetime(tcx: TyCtxt<'_>, mut scope: ScopeRef<'_>, label: Ident) {
1641 Scope::Body { s, .. }
1642 | Scope::Elision { s, .. }
1643 | Scope::ObjectLifetimeDefault { s, .. }
1644 | Scope::Supertrait { s, .. }
1645 | Scope::TraitRefBoundary { s, .. } => {
1653 Scope::Binder { ref lifetimes, s, .. } => {
1654 // FIXME (#24278): non-hygienic comparison
1656 lifetimes.get(&hir::ParamName::Plain(label.normalize_to_macros_2_0()))
1658 signal_shadowing_problem(
1661 original_lifetime(tcx.def_span(def.id().unwrap().expect_local())),
1662 shadower_label(label.span),
1673 fn compute_object_lifetime_defaults(
1675 item: &hir::Item<'_>,
1676 ) -> Option<Vec<ObjectLifetimeDefault>> {
1678 hir::ItemKind::Struct(_, ref generics)
1679 | hir::ItemKind::Union(_, ref generics)
1680 | hir::ItemKind::Enum(_, ref generics)
1681 | hir::ItemKind::OpaqueTy(hir::OpaqueTy {
1683 origin: hir::OpaqueTyOrigin::TyAlias,
1686 | hir::ItemKind::TyAlias(_, ref generics)
1687 | hir::ItemKind::Trait(_, _, ref generics, ..) => {
1688 let result = object_lifetime_defaults_for_item(tcx, generics);
1691 let attrs = tcx.hir().attrs(item.hir_id());
1692 if tcx.sess.contains_name(attrs, sym::rustc_object_lifetime_default) {
1693 let object_lifetime_default_reprs: String = result
1695 .map(|set| match *set {
1696 Set1::Empty => "BaseDefault".into(),
1697 Set1::One(Region::Static) => "'static".into(),
1698 Set1::One(Region::EarlyBound(mut i, _, _)) => generics
1701 .find_map(|param| match param.kind {
1702 GenericParamKind::Lifetime { .. } => {
1704 return Some(param.name.ident().to_string().into());
1712 Set1::One(_) => bug!(),
1713 Set1::Many => "Ambiguous".into(),
1715 .collect::<Vec<Cow<'static, str>>>()
1717 tcx.sess.span_err(item.span, &object_lifetime_default_reprs);
1726 /// Scan the bounds and where-clauses on parameters to extract bounds
1727 /// of the form `T:'a` so as to determine the `ObjectLifetimeDefault`
1728 /// for each type parameter.
1729 fn object_lifetime_defaults_for_item(
1731 generics: &hir::Generics<'_>,
1732 ) -> Vec<ObjectLifetimeDefault> {
1733 fn add_bounds(set: &mut Set1<hir::LifetimeName>, bounds: &[hir::GenericBound<'_>]) {
1734 for bound in bounds {
1735 if let hir::GenericBound::Outlives(ref lifetime) = *bound {
1736 set.insert(lifetime.name.normalize_to_macros_2_0());
1744 .filter_map(|param| match param.kind {
1745 GenericParamKind::Lifetime { .. } => None,
1746 GenericParamKind::Type { .. } => {
1747 let mut set = Set1::Empty;
1749 add_bounds(&mut set, ¶m.bounds);
1751 let param_def_id = tcx.hir().local_def_id(param.hir_id);
1752 for predicate in generics.where_clause.predicates {
1753 // Look for `type: ...` where clauses.
1754 let data = match *predicate {
1755 hir::WherePredicate::BoundPredicate(ref data) => data,
1759 // Ignore `for<'a> type: ...` as they can change what
1760 // lifetimes mean (although we could "just" handle it).
1761 if !data.bound_generic_params.is_empty() {
1765 let res = match data.bounded_ty.kind {
1766 hir::TyKind::Path(hir::QPath::Resolved(None, ref path)) => path.res,
1770 if res == Res::Def(DefKind::TyParam, param_def_id.to_def_id()) {
1771 add_bounds(&mut set, &data.bounds);
1776 Set1::Empty => Set1::Empty,
1777 Set1::One(name) => {
1778 if name == hir::LifetimeName::Static {
1779 Set1::One(Region::Static)
1784 .filter_map(|param| match param.kind {
1785 GenericParamKind::Lifetime { .. } => Some((
1787 hir::LifetimeName::Param(param.name),
1788 LifetimeDefOrigin::from_param(param),
1793 .find(|&(_, (_, lt_name, _))| lt_name == name)
1794 .map_or(Set1::Many, |(i, (id, _, origin))| {
1795 let def_id = tcx.hir().local_def_id(id);
1796 Set1::One(Region::EarlyBound(
1804 Set1::Many => Set1::Many,
1807 GenericParamKind::Const { .. } => {
1808 // Generic consts don't impose any constraints.
1810 // We still store a dummy value here to allow generic parameters
1811 // in an arbitrary order.
1818 impl<'a, 'tcx> LifetimeContext<'a, 'tcx> {
1819 fn with<F>(&mut self, wrap_scope: Scope<'_>, f: F)
1821 F: for<'b> FnOnce(ScopeRef<'_>, &mut LifetimeContext<'b, 'tcx>),
1823 let LifetimeContext { tcx, map, lifetime_uses, .. } = self;
1824 let labels_in_fn = take(&mut self.labels_in_fn);
1825 let xcrate_object_lifetime_defaults = take(&mut self.xcrate_object_lifetime_defaults);
1826 let missing_named_lifetime_spots = take(&mut self.missing_named_lifetime_spots);
1827 let mut this = LifetimeContext {
1831 is_in_fn_syntax: self.is_in_fn_syntax,
1832 is_in_const_generic: self.is_in_const_generic,
1833 trait_definition_only: self.trait_definition_only,
1835 xcrate_object_lifetime_defaults,
1837 missing_named_lifetime_spots,
1839 let span = tracing::debug_span!("scope", scope = ?TruncatedScopeDebug(&this.scope));
1841 let _enter = span.enter();
1842 f(self.scope, &mut this);
1843 if !self.trait_definition_only {
1844 this.check_uses_for_lifetimes_defined_by_scope();
1847 self.labels_in_fn = this.labels_in_fn;
1848 self.xcrate_object_lifetime_defaults = this.xcrate_object_lifetime_defaults;
1849 self.missing_named_lifetime_spots = this.missing_named_lifetime_spots;
1852 /// helper method to determine the span to remove when suggesting the
1853 /// deletion of a lifetime
1854 fn lifetime_deletion_span(&self, name: Ident, generics: &hir::Generics<'_>) -> Option<Span> {
1855 generics.params.iter().enumerate().find_map(|(i, param)| {
1856 if param.name.ident() == name {
1857 let in_band = matches!(
1859 hir::GenericParamKind::Lifetime { kind: hir::LifetimeParamKind::InBand }
1863 } else if generics.params.len() == 1 {
1864 // if sole lifetime, remove the entire `<>` brackets
1867 // if removing within `<>` brackets, we also want to
1868 // delete a leading or trailing comma as appropriate
1869 if i >= generics.params.len() - 1 {
1870 Some(generics.params[i - 1].span.shrink_to_hi().to(param.span))
1872 Some(param.span.to(generics.params[i + 1].span.shrink_to_lo()))
1881 // helper method to issue suggestions from `fn rah<'a>(&'a T)` to `fn rah(&T)`
1882 // or from `fn rah<'a>(T<'a>)` to `fn rah(T<'_>)`
1883 fn suggest_eliding_single_use_lifetime(
1885 err: &mut DiagnosticBuilder<'_>,
1887 lifetime: &hir::Lifetime,
1889 let name = lifetime.name.ident();
1890 let remove_decl = self
1893 .and_then(|parent_def_id| parent_def_id.as_local())
1894 .and_then(|parent_def_id| self.tcx.hir().get_generics(parent_def_id))
1895 .and_then(|generics| self.lifetime_deletion_span(name, generics));
1897 let mut remove_use = None;
1898 let mut elide_use = None;
1899 let mut find_arg_use_span = |inputs: &[hir::Ty<'_>]| {
1900 for input in inputs {
1902 hir::TyKind::Rptr(lt, _) => {
1903 if lt.name.ident() == name {
1904 // include the trailing whitespace between the lifetime and type names
1905 let lt_through_ty_span = lifetime.span.to(input.span.shrink_to_hi());
1910 .span_until_non_whitespace(lt_through_ty_span),
1915 hir::TyKind::Path(QPath::Resolved(_, path)) => {
1916 let last_segment = &path.segments[path.segments.len() - 1];
1917 let generics = last_segment.args();
1918 for arg in generics.args.iter() {
1919 if let GenericArg::Lifetime(lt) = arg {
1920 if lt.name.ident() == name {
1921 elide_use = Some(lt.span);
1932 if let Node::Lifetime(hir_lifetime) = self.tcx.hir().get(lifetime.hir_id) {
1933 if let Some(parent) =
1934 self.tcx.hir().find_by_def_id(self.tcx.hir().get_parent_item(hir_lifetime.hir_id))
1937 Node::Item(item) => {
1938 if let hir::ItemKind::Fn(sig, _, _) = &item.kind {
1939 find_arg_use_span(sig.decl.inputs);
1942 Node::ImplItem(impl_item) => {
1943 if let hir::ImplItemKind::Fn(sig, _) = &impl_item.kind {
1944 find_arg_use_span(sig.decl.inputs);
1952 let msg = "elide the single-use lifetime";
1953 match (remove_decl, remove_use, elide_use) {
1954 (Some(decl_span), Some(use_span), None) => {
1955 // if both declaration and use deletion spans start at the same
1956 // place ("start at" because the latter includes trailing
1957 // whitespace), then this is an in-band lifetime
1958 if decl_span.shrink_to_lo() == use_span.shrink_to_lo() {
1959 err.span_suggestion(
1963 Applicability::MachineApplicable,
1966 err.multipart_suggestion(
1968 vec![(decl_span, String::new()), (use_span, String::new())],
1969 Applicability::MachineApplicable,
1973 (Some(decl_span), None, Some(use_span)) => {
1974 err.multipart_suggestion(
1976 vec![(decl_span, String::new()), (use_span, "'_".to_owned())],
1977 Applicability::MachineApplicable,
1984 fn check_uses_for_lifetimes_defined_by_scope(&mut self) {
1985 let defined_by = match self.scope {
1986 Scope::Binder { lifetimes, .. } => lifetimes,
1988 debug!("check_uses_for_lifetimes_defined_by_scope: not in a binder scope");
1993 let def_ids: Vec<_> = defined_by
1995 .flat_map(|region| match region {
1996 Region::EarlyBound(_, def_id, _)
1997 | Region::LateBound(_, _, def_id, _)
1998 | Region::Free(_, def_id) => Some(*def_id),
2000 Region::LateBoundAnon(..) | Region::Static => None,
2004 'lifetimes: for def_id in def_ids {
2005 debug!("check_uses_for_lifetimes_defined_by_scope: def_id = {:?}", def_id);
2007 let lifetimeuseset = self.lifetime_uses.remove(&def_id);
2010 "check_uses_for_lifetimes_defined_by_scope: lifetimeuseset = {:?}",
2014 match lifetimeuseset {
2015 Some(LifetimeUseSet::One(lifetime)) => {
2017 if let Some((id, span, name)) =
2018 match self.tcx.hir().get_by_def_id(def_id.expect_local()) {
2019 Node::Lifetime(hir_lifetime) => Some((
2020 hir_lifetime.hir_id,
2022 hir_lifetime.name.ident(),
2024 Node::GenericParam(param) => {
2025 Some((param.hir_id, param.span, param.name.ident()))
2030 debug!("id = {:?} span = {:?} name = {:?}", id, span, name);
2031 if name.name == kw::UnderscoreLifetime {
2035 if let Some(parent_def_id) = self.tcx.parent(def_id) {
2036 if let Some(def_id) = parent_def_id.as_local() {
2037 // lifetimes in `derive` expansions don't count (Issue #53738)
2040 .get_attrs(def_id.to_def_id())
2042 .any(|attr| attr.has_name(sym::automatically_derived))
2047 // opaque types generated when desugaring an async function can have a single
2048 // use lifetime even if it is explicitly denied (Issue #77175)
2049 if let hir::Node::Item(hir::Item {
2050 kind: hir::ItemKind::OpaqueTy(ref opaque),
2052 }) = self.tcx.hir().get_by_def_id(def_id)
2054 if !matches!(opaque.origin, hir::OpaqueTyOrigin::AsyncFn(..)) {
2055 continue 'lifetimes;
2057 // We want to do this only if the liftime identifier is already defined
2058 // in the async function that generated this. Otherwise it could be
2059 // an opaque type defined by the developer and we still want this
2060 // lint to fail compilation
2061 for p in opaque.generics.params {
2062 if defined_by.contains_key(&p.name) {
2063 continue 'lifetimes;
2070 self.tcx.struct_span_lint_hir(
2071 lint::builtin::SINGLE_USE_LIFETIMES,
2075 let mut err = lint.build(&format!(
2076 "lifetime parameter `{}` only used once",
2079 if span == lifetime.span {
2080 // spans are the same for in-band lifetime declarations
2081 err.span_label(span, "this lifetime is only used here");
2083 err.span_label(span, "this lifetime...");
2084 err.span_label(lifetime.span, "...is used only here");
2086 self.suggest_eliding_single_use_lifetime(
2087 &mut err, def_id, lifetime,
2094 Some(LifetimeUseSet::Many) => {
2095 debug!("not one use lifetime");
2098 if let Some((id, span, name)) =
2099 match self.tcx.hir().get_by_def_id(def_id.expect_local()) {
2100 Node::Lifetime(hir_lifetime) => Some((
2101 hir_lifetime.hir_id,
2103 hir_lifetime.name.ident(),
2105 Node::GenericParam(param) => {
2106 Some((param.hir_id, param.span, param.name.ident()))
2111 debug!("id ={:?} span = {:?} name = {:?}", id, span, name);
2112 self.tcx.struct_span_lint_hir(
2113 lint::builtin::UNUSED_LIFETIMES,
2118 .build(&format!("lifetime parameter `{}` never used", name));
2119 if let Some(parent_def_id) = self.tcx.parent(def_id) {
2120 if let Some(generics) =
2121 self.tcx.hir().get_generics(parent_def_id.expect_local())
2123 let unused_lt_span =
2124 self.lifetime_deletion_span(name, generics);
2125 if let Some(span) = unused_lt_span {
2126 err.span_suggestion(
2128 "elide the unused lifetime",
2130 Applicability::MachineApplicable,
2144 /// Visits self by adding a scope and handling recursive walk over the contents with `walk`.
2146 /// Handles visiting fns and methods. These are a bit complicated because we must distinguish
2147 /// early- vs late-bound lifetime parameters. We do this by checking which lifetimes appear
2148 /// within type bounds; those are early bound lifetimes, and the rest are late bound.
2152 /// fn foo<'a,'b,'c,T:Trait<'b>>(...)
2154 /// Here `'a` and `'c` are late bound but `'b` is early bound. Note that early- and late-bound
2155 /// lifetimes may be interspersed together.
2157 /// If early bound lifetimes are present, we separate them into their own list (and likewise
2158 /// for late bound). They will be numbered sequentially, starting from the lowest index that is
2159 /// already in scope (for a fn item, that will be 0, but for a method it might not be). Late
2160 /// bound lifetimes are resolved by name and associated with a binder ID (`binder_id`), so the
2161 /// ordering is not important there.
2162 fn visit_early_late<F>(
2164 parent_id: Option<LocalDefId>,
2166 decl: &'tcx hir::FnDecl<'tcx>,
2167 generics: &'tcx hir::Generics<'tcx>,
2170 F: for<'b, 'c> FnOnce(&'b mut LifetimeContext<'c, 'tcx>),
2172 insert_late_bound_lifetimes(self.map, decl, generics);
2174 // Find the start of nested early scopes, e.g., in methods.
2175 let mut next_early_index = 0;
2176 if let Some(parent_id) = parent_id {
2177 let parent = self.tcx.hir().expect_item(parent_id);
2178 if sub_items_have_self_param(&parent.kind) {
2179 next_early_index += 1; // Self comes before lifetimes
2182 hir::ItemKind::Trait(_, _, ref generics, ..)
2183 | hir::ItemKind::Impl(hir::Impl { ref generics, .. }) => {
2184 next_early_index += generics.params.len() as u32;
2190 let mut non_lifetime_count = 0;
2191 let mut named_late_bound_vars = 0;
2192 let lifetimes: FxIndexMap<hir::ParamName, Region> = generics
2195 .filter_map(|param| match param.kind {
2196 GenericParamKind::Lifetime { .. } => {
2197 if self.map.late_bound.contains(¶m.hir_id) {
2198 let late_bound_idx = named_late_bound_vars;
2199 named_late_bound_vars += 1;
2200 Some(Region::late(late_bound_idx, &self.tcx.hir(), param))
2202 Some(Region::early(&self.tcx.hir(), &mut next_early_index, param))
2205 GenericParamKind::Type { .. } | GenericParamKind::Const { .. } => {
2206 non_lifetime_count += 1;
2211 let next_early_index = next_early_index + non_lifetime_count;
2213 let binders: Vec<_> = generics
2217 matches!(param.kind, GenericParamKind::Lifetime { .. })
2218 && self.map.late_bound.contains(¶m.hir_id)
2221 .map(|(late_bound_idx, param)| {
2222 let pair = Region::late(late_bound_idx as u32, &self.tcx.hir(), param);
2223 late_region_as_bound_region(self.tcx, &pair.1)
2226 self.map.late_bound_vars.insert(hir_id, binders);
2227 let scope = Scope::Binder {
2232 opaque_type_parent: true,
2233 track_lifetime_uses: false,
2234 scope_type: BinderScopeType::Normal,
2236 self.with(scope, move |old_scope, this| {
2237 this.check_lifetime_params(old_scope, &generics.params);
2242 fn next_early_index_helper(&self, only_opaque_type_parent: bool) -> u32 {
2243 let mut scope = self.scope;
2246 Scope::Root => return 0,
2248 Scope::Binder { next_early_index, opaque_type_parent, .. }
2249 if (!only_opaque_type_parent || opaque_type_parent) =>
2251 return next_early_index;
2254 Scope::Binder { s, .. }
2255 | Scope::Body { s, .. }
2256 | Scope::Elision { s, .. }
2257 | Scope::ObjectLifetimeDefault { s, .. }
2258 | Scope::Supertrait { s, .. }
2259 | Scope::TraitRefBoundary { s, .. } => scope = s,
2264 /// Returns the next index one would use for an early-bound-region
2265 /// if extending the current scope.
2266 fn next_early_index(&self) -> u32 {
2267 self.next_early_index_helper(true)
2270 /// Returns the next index one would use for an `impl Trait` that
2271 /// is being converted into an opaque type alias `impl Trait`. This will be the
2272 /// next early index from the enclosing item, for the most
2273 /// part. See the `opaque_type_parent` field for more info.
2274 fn next_early_index_for_opaque_type(&self) -> u32 {
2275 self.next_early_index_helper(false)
2278 fn resolve_lifetime_ref(&mut self, lifetime_ref: &'tcx hir::Lifetime) {
2279 debug!("resolve_lifetime_ref(lifetime_ref={:?})", lifetime_ref);
2281 // If we've already reported an error, just ignore `lifetime_ref`.
2282 if let LifetimeName::Error = lifetime_ref.name {
2286 // Walk up the scope chain, tracking the number of fn scopes
2287 // that we pass through, until we find a lifetime with the
2288 // given name or we run out of scopes.
2290 let mut late_depth = 0;
2291 let mut scope = self.scope;
2292 let mut outermost_body = None;
2295 Scope::Body { id, s } => {
2296 // Non-static lifetimes are prohibited in anonymous constants without
2297 // `generic_const_exprs`.
2298 self.maybe_emit_forbidden_non_static_lifetime_error(id, lifetime_ref);
2300 outermost_body = Some(id);
2308 Scope::Binder { ref lifetimes, scope_type, s, .. } => {
2309 match lifetime_ref.name {
2310 LifetimeName::Param(param_name) => {
2311 if let Some(&def) = lifetimes.get(¶m_name.normalize_to_macros_2_0())
2313 break Some(def.shifted(late_depth));
2316 _ => bug!("expected LifetimeName::Param"),
2319 BinderScopeType::Normal => late_depth += 1,
2320 BinderScopeType::Concatenating => {}
2325 Scope::Elision { s, .. }
2326 | Scope::ObjectLifetimeDefault { s, .. }
2327 | Scope::Supertrait { s, .. }
2328 | Scope::TraitRefBoundary { s, .. } => {
2334 if let Some(mut def) = result {
2335 if let Region::EarlyBound(..) = def {
2336 // Do not free early-bound regions, only late-bound ones.
2337 } else if let Some(body_id) = outermost_body {
2338 let fn_id = self.tcx.hir().body_owner(body_id);
2339 match self.tcx.hir().get(fn_id) {
2340 Node::Item(&hir::Item { kind: hir::ItemKind::Fn(..), .. })
2341 | Node::TraitItem(&hir::TraitItem {
2342 kind: hir::TraitItemKind::Fn(..), ..
2344 | Node::ImplItem(&hir::ImplItem { kind: hir::ImplItemKind::Fn(..), .. }) => {
2345 let scope = self.tcx.hir().local_def_id(fn_id);
2346 def = Region::Free(scope.to_def_id(), def.id().unwrap());
2352 // Check for fn-syntax conflicts with in-band lifetime definitions
2353 if !self.trait_definition_only && self.is_in_fn_syntax {
2355 Region::EarlyBound(_, _, LifetimeDefOrigin::InBand)
2356 | Region::LateBound(_, _, _, LifetimeDefOrigin::InBand) => {
2361 "lifetimes used in `fn` or `Fn` syntax must be \
2362 explicitly declared using `<...>` binders"
2364 .span_label(lifetime_ref.span, "in-band lifetime definition")
2369 | Region::EarlyBound(
2372 LifetimeDefOrigin::ExplicitOrElided | LifetimeDefOrigin::Error,
2374 | Region::LateBound(
2378 LifetimeDefOrigin::ExplicitOrElided | LifetimeDefOrigin::Error,
2380 | Region::LateBoundAnon(..)
2381 | Region::Free(..) => {}
2385 self.insert_lifetime(lifetime_ref, def);
2387 self.emit_undeclared_lifetime_error(lifetime_ref);
2391 fn visit_segment_args(
2395 generic_args: &'tcx hir::GenericArgs<'tcx>,
2398 "visit_segment_args(res={:?}, depth={:?}, generic_args={:?})",
2399 res, depth, generic_args,
2402 if generic_args.parenthesized {
2403 let was_in_fn_syntax = self.is_in_fn_syntax;
2404 self.is_in_fn_syntax = true;
2405 self.visit_fn_like_elision(generic_args.inputs(), Some(generic_args.bindings[0].ty()));
2406 self.is_in_fn_syntax = was_in_fn_syntax;
2410 let mut elide_lifetimes = true;
2411 let lifetimes: Vec<_> = generic_args
2414 .filter_map(|arg| match arg {
2415 hir::GenericArg::Lifetime(lt) => {
2416 if !lt.is_elided() {
2417 elide_lifetimes = false;
2424 // We short-circuit here if all are elided in order to pluralize
2426 if elide_lifetimes {
2427 self.resolve_elided_lifetimes(&lifetimes);
2429 lifetimes.iter().for_each(|lt| self.visit_lifetime(lt));
2432 // Figure out if this is a type/trait segment,
2433 // which requires object lifetime defaults.
2434 let parent_def_id = |this: &mut Self, def_id: DefId| {
2435 let def_key = this.tcx.def_key(def_id);
2436 DefId { krate: def_id.krate, index: def_key.parent.expect("missing parent") }
2438 let type_def_id = match res {
2439 Res::Def(DefKind::AssocTy, def_id) if depth == 1 => Some(parent_def_id(self, def_id)),
2440 Res::Def(DefKind::Variant, def_id) if depth == 0 => Some(parent_def_id(self, def_id)),
2448 ) if depth == 0 => Some(def_id),
2452 debug!("visit_segment_args: type_def_id={:?}", type_def_id);
2454 // Compute a vector of defaults, one for each type parameter,
2455 // per the rules given in RFCs 599 and 1156. Example:
2458 // struct Foo<'a, T: 'a, U> { }
2461 // If you have `Foo<'x, dyn Bar, dyn Baz>`, we want to default
2462 // `dyn Bar` to `dyn Bar + 'x` (because of the `T: 'a` bound)
2463 // and `dyn Baz` to `dyn Baz + 'static` (because there is no
2466 // Therefore, we would compute `object_lifetime_defaults` to a
2467 // vector like `['x, 'static]`. Note that the vector only
2468 // includes type parameters.
2469 let object_lifetime_defaults = type_def_id.map_or_else(Vec::new, |def_id| {
2471 let mut scope = self.scope;
2474 Scope::Root => break false,
2476 Scope::Body { .. } => break true,
2478 Scope::Binder { s, .. }
2479 | Scope::Elision { s, .. }
2480 | Scope::ObjectLifetimeDefault { s, .. }
2481 | Scope::Supertrait { s, .. }
2482 | Scope::TraitRefBoundary { s, .. } => {
2489 let map = &self.map;
2490 let set_to_region = |set: &ObjectLifetimeDefault| match *set {
2495 Some(Region::Static)
2499 let lifetimes = generic_args.args.iter().filter_map(|arg| match arg {
2500 GenericArg::Lifetime(lt) => Some(lt),
2503 r.subst(lifetimes, map)
2507 if let Some(def_id) = def_id.as_local() {
2508 let id = self.tcx.hir().local_def_id_to_hir_id(def_id);
2509 self.tcx.object_lifetime_defaults(id).unwrap().iter().map(set_to_region).collect()
2512 self.xcrate_object_lifetime_defaults
2514 .or_insert_with(|| {
2515 tcx.generics_of(def_id)
2518 .filter_map(|param| match param.kind {
2519 GenericParamDefKind::Type { object_lifetime_default, .. } => {
2520 Some(object_lifetime_default)
2522 GenericParamDefKind::Const { .. } => Some(Set1::Empty),
2523 GenericParamDefKind::Lifetime => None,
2533 debug!("visit_segment_args: object_lifetime_defaults={:?}", object_lifetime_defaults);
2536 for arg in generic_args.args {
2538 GenericArg::Lifetime(_) => {}
2539 GenericArg::Type(ty) => {
2540 if let Some(<) = object_lifetime_defaults.get(i) {
2541 let scope = Scope::ObjectLifetimeDefault { lifetime: lt, s: self.scope };
2542 self.with(scope, |_, this| this.visit_ty(ty));
2548 GenericArg::Const(ct) => {
2549 self.visit_anon_const(&ct.value);
2552 GenericArg::Infer(inf) => {
2553 self.visit_id(inf.hir_id);
2559 // Hack: when resolving the type `XX` in binding like `dyn
2560 // Foo<'b, Item = XX>`, the current object-lifetime default
2561 // would be to examine the trait `Foo` to check whether it has
2562 // a lifetime bound declared on `Item`. e.g., if `Foo` is
2563 // declared like so, then the default object lifetime bound in
2564 // `XX` should be `'b`:
2572 // but if we just have `type Item;`, then it would be
2573 // `'static`. However, we don't get all of this logic correct.
2575 // Instead, we do something hacky: if there are no lifetime parameters
2576 // to the trait, then we simply use a default object lifetime
2577 // bound of `'static`, because there is no other possibility. On the other hand,
2578 // if there ARE lifetime parameters, then we require the user to give an
2579 // explicit bound for now.
2581 // This is intended to leave room for us to implement the
2582 // correct behavior in the future.
2583 let has_lifetime_parameter =
2584 generic_args.args.iter().any(|arg| matches!(arg, GenericArg::Lifetime(_)));
2586 // Resolve lifetimes found in the bindings, so either in the type `XX` in `Item = XX` or
2587 // in the trait ref `YY<...>` in `Item: YY<...>`.
2588 for binding in generic_args.bindings {
2589 let scope = Scope::ObjectLifetimeDefault {
2590 lifetime: if has_lifetime_parameter { None } else { Some(Region::Static) },
2593 if let Some(type_def_id) = type_def_id {
2594 let lifetimes = LifetimeContext::supertrait_hrtb_lifetimes(
2599 self.with(scope, |_, this| {
2600 let scope = Scope::Supertrait {
2601 lifetimes: lifetimes.unwrap_or_default(),
2604 this.with(scope, |_, this| this.visit_assoc_type_binding(binding));
2607 self.with(scope, |_, this| this.visit_assoc_type_binding(binding));
2612 /// Returns all the late-bound vars that come into scope from supertrait HRTBs, based on the
2613 /// associated type name and starting trait.
2614 /// For example, imagine we have
2616 /// trait Foo<'a, 'b> {
2619 /// trait Bar<'b>: for<'a> Foo<'a, 'b> {}
2620 /// trait Bar: for<'b> Bar<'b> {}
2622 /// In this case, if we wanted to the supertrait HRTB lifetimes for `As` on
2623 /// the starting trait `Bar`, we would return `Some(['b, 'a])`.
2624 fn supertrait_hrtb_lifetimes(
2628 ) -> Option<Vec<ty::BoundVariableKind>> {
2629 let trait_defines_associated_type_named = |trait_def_id: DefId| {
2630 tcx.associated_items(trait_def_id)
2631 .find_by_name_and_kind(tcx, assoc_name, ty::AssocKind::Type, trait_def_id)
2635 use smallvec::{smallvec, SmallVec};
2636 let mut stack: SmallVec<[(DefId, SmallVec<[ty::BoundVariableKind; 8]>); 8]> =
2637 smallvec![(def_id, smallvec![])];
2638 let mut visited: FxHashSet<DefId> = FxHashSet::default();
2640 let (def_id, bound_vars) = match stack.pop() {
2644 // See issue #83753. If someone writes an associated type on a non-trait, just treat it as
2645 // there being no supertrait HRTBs.
2646 match tcx.def_kind(def_id) {
2647 DefKind::Trait | DefKind::TraitAlias | DefKind::Impl => {}
2651 if trait_defines_associated_type_named(def_id) {
2652 break Some(bound_vars.into_iter().collect());
2655 tcx.super_predicates_that_define_assoc_type((def_id, Some(assoc_name)));
2656 let obligations = predicates.predicates.iter().filter_map(|&(pred, _)| {
2657 let bound_predicate = pred.kind();
2658 match bound_predicate.skip_binder() {
2659 ty::PredicateKind::Trait(data) => {
2660 // The order here needs to match what we would get from `subst_supertrait`
2661 let pred_bound_vars = bound_predicate.bound_vars();
2662 let mut all_bound_vars = bound_vars.clone();
2663 all_bound_vars.extend(pred_bound_vars.iter());
2664 let super_def_id = data.trait_ref.def_id;
2665 Some((super_def_id, all_bound_vars))
2671 let obligations = obligations.filter(|o| visited.insert(o.0));
2672 stack.extend(obligations);
2676 #[tracing::instrument(level = "debug", skip(self))]
2677 fn visit_fn_like_elision(
2679 inputs: &'tcx [hir::Ty<'tcx>],
2680 output: Option<&'tcx hir::Ty<'tcx>>,
2682 debug!("visit_fn_like_elision: enter");
2683 let mut scope = &*self.scope;
2686 Scope::Binder { hir_id, .. } => {
2689 Scope::ObjectLifetimeDefault { ref s, .. }
2690 | Scope::Elision { ref s, .. }
2691 | Scope::Supertrait { ref s, .. }
2692 | Scope::TraitRefBoundary { ref s, .. } => {
2695 Scope::Root | Scope::Body { .. } => {
2696 // See issues #83907 and #83693. Just bail out from looking inside.
2697 self.tcx.sess.delay_span_bug(
2698 rustc_span::DUMMY_SP,
2699 "In fn_like_elision without appropriate scope above",
2705 // While not strictly necessary, we gather anon lifetimes *before* actually
2706 // visiting the argument types.
2707 let mut gather = GatherAnonLifetimes { anon_count: 0 };
2708 for input in inputs {
2709 gather.visit_ty(input);
2711 trace!(?gather.anon_count);
2712 let late_bound_vars = self.map.late_bound_vars.entry(hir_id).or_default();
2713 let named_late_bound_vars = late_bound_vars.len() as u32;
2714 late_bound_vars.extend(
2715 (0..gather.anon_count).map(|var| ty::BoundVariableKind::Region(ty::BrAnon(var))),
2717 let arg_scope = Scope::Elision {
2718 elide: Elide::FreshLateAnon(named_late_bound_vars, Cell::new(0)),
2721 self.with(arg_scope, |_, this| {
2722 for input in inputs {
2723 this.visit_ty(input);
2727 let output = match output {
2732 debug!("determine output");
2734 // Figure out if there's a body we can get argument names from,
2735 // and whether there's a `self` argument (treated specially).
2736 let mut assoc_item_kind = None;
2737 let mut impl_self = None;
2738 let parent = self.tcx.hir().get_parent_node(output.hir_id);
2739 let body = match self.tcx.hir().get(parent) {
2740 // `fn` definitions and methods.
2741 Node::Item(&hir::Item { kind: hir::ItemKind::Fn(.., body), .. }) => Some(body),
2743 Node::TraitItem(&hir::TraitItem { kind: hir::TraitItemKind::Fn(_, ref m), .. }) => {
2744 if let hir::ItemKind::Trait(.., ref trait_items) =
2745 self.tcx.hir().expect_item(self.tcx.hir().get_parent_item(parent)).kind
2748 trait_items.iter().find(|ti| ti.id.hir_id() == parent).map(|ti| ti.kind);
2751 hir::TraitFn::Required(_) => None,
2752 hir::TraitFn::Provided(body) => Some(body),
2756 Node::ImplItem(&hir::ImplItem { kind: hir::ImplItemKind::Fn(_, body), .. }) => {
2757 if let hir::ItemKind::Impl(hir::Impl { ref self_ty, ref items, .. }) =
2758 self.tcx.hir().expect_item(self.tcx.hir().get_parent_item(parent)).kind
2760 impl_self = Some(self_ty);
2762 items.iter().find(|ii| ii.id.hir_id() == parent).map(|ii| ii.kind);
2767 // Foreign functions, `fn(...) -> R` and `Trait(...) -> R` (both types and bounds).
2768 Node::ForeignItem(_) | Node::Ty(_) | Node::TraitRef(_) => None,
2769 // Everything else (only closures?) doesn't
2770 // actually enjoy elision in return types.
2772 self.visit_ty(output);
2777 let has_self = match assoc_item_kind {
2778 Some(hir::AssocItemKind::Fn { has_self }) => has_self,
2782 // In accordance with the rules for lifetime elision, we can determine
2783 // what region to use for elision in the output type in two ways.
2784 // First (determined here), if `self` is by-reference, then the
2785 // implied output region is the region of the self parameter.
2787 struct SelfVisitor<'a> {
2788 map: &'a NamedRegionMap,
2789 impl_self: Option<&'a hir::TyKind<'a>>,
2790 lifetime: Set1<Region>,
2793 impl SelfVisitor<'_> {
2794 // Look for `self: &'a Self` - also desugared from `&'a self`,
2795 // and if that matches, use it for elision and return early.
2796 fn is_self_ty(&self, res: Res) -> bool {
2797 if let Res::SelfTy(..) = res {
2801 // Can't always rely on literal (or implied) `Self` due
2802 // to the way elision rules were originally specified.
2803 if let Some(&hir::TyKind::Path(hir::QPath::Resolved(None, ref path))) =
2807 // Permit the types that unambiguously always
2808 // result in the same type constructor being used
2809 // (it can't differ between `Self` and `self`).
2810 Res::Def(DefKind::Struct | DefKind::Union | DefKind::Enum, _)
2811 | Res::PrimTy(_) => return res == path.res,
2820 impl<'a> Visitor<'a> for SelfVisitor<'a> {
2821 fn visit_ty(&mut self, ty: &'a hir::Ty<'a>) {
2822 if let hir::TyKind::Rptr(lifetime_ref, ref mt) = ty.kind {
2823 if let hir::TyKind::Path(hir::QPath::Resolved(None, ref path)) = mt.ty.kind
2825 if self.is_self_ty(path.res) {
2826 if let Some(lifetime) = self.map.defs.get(&lifetime_ref.hir_id) {
2827 self.lifetime.insert(*lifetime);
2832 intravisit::walk_ty(self, ty)
2836 let mut visitor = SelfVisitor {
2838 impl_self: impl_self.map(|ty| &ty.kind),
2839 lifetime: Set1::Empty,
2841 visitor.visit_ty(&inputs[0]);
2842 if let Set1::One(lifetime) = visitor.lifetime {
2843 let scope = Scope::Elision { elide: Elide::Exact(lifetime), s: self.scope };
2844 self.with(scope, |_, this| this.visit_ty(output));
2849 // Second, if there was exactly one lifetime (either a substitution or a
2850 // reference) in the arguments, then any anonymous regions in the output
2851 // have that lifetime.
2852 let mut possible_implied_output_region = None;
2853 let mut lifetime_count = 0;
2854 let arg_lifetimes = inputs
2857 .skip(has_self as usize)
2859 let mut gather = GatherLifetimes {
2861 outer_index: ty::INNERMOST,
2862 have_bound_regions: false,
2863 lifetimes: Default::default(),
2865 gather.visit_ty(input);
2867 lifetime_count += gather.lifetimes.len();
2869 if lifetime_count == 1 && gather.lifetimes.len() == 1 {
2870 // there's a chance that the unique lifetime of this
2871 // iteration will be the appropriate lifetime for output
2872 // parameters, so lets store it.
2873 possible_implied_output_region = gather.lifetimes.iter().cloned().next();
2876 ElisionFailureInfo {
2879 lifetime_count: gather.lifetimes.len(),
2880 have_bound_regions: gather.have_bound_regions,
2886 let elide = if lifetime_count == 1 {
2887 Elide::Exact(possible_implied_output_region.unwrap())
2889 Elide::Error(arg_lifetimes)
2894 let scope = Scope::Elision { elide, s: self.scope };
2895 self.with(scope, |_, this| this.visit_ty(output));
2897 struct GatherLifetimes<'a> {
2898 map: &'a NamedRegionMap,
2899 outer_index: ty::DebruijnIndex,
2900 have_bound_regions: bool,
2901 lifetimes: FxHashSet<Region>,
2904 impl<'v, 'a> Visitor<'v> for GatherLifetimes<'a> {
2905 fn visit_ty(&mut self, ty: &hir::Ty<'_>) {
2906 if let hir::TyKind::BareFn(_) = ty.kind {
2907 self.outer_index.shift_in(1);
2910 hir::TyKind::TraitObject(bounds, ref lifetime, _) => {
2911 for bound in bounds {
2912 self.visit_poly_trait_ref(bound, hir::TraitBoundModifier::None);
2915 // Stay on the safe side and don't include the object
2916 // lifetime default (which may not end up being used).
2917 if !lifetime.is_elided() {
2918 self.visit_lifetime(lifetime);
2922 intravisit::walk_ty(self, ty);
2925 if let hir::TyKind::BareFn(_) = ty.kind {
2926 self.outer_index.shift_out(1);
2930 fn visit_generic_param(&mut self, param: &hir::GenericParam<'_>) {
2931 if let hir::GenericParamKind::Lifetime { .. } = param.kind {
2932 // FIXME(eddyb) Do we want this? It only makes a difference
2933 // if this `for<'a>` lifetime parameter is never used.
2934 self.have_bound_regions = true;
2937 intravisit::walk_generic_param(self, param);
2940 fn visit_poly_trait_ref(
2942 trait_ref: &hir::PolyTraitRef<'_>,
2943 modifier: hir::TraitBoundModifier,
2945 self.outer_index.shift_in(1);
2946 intravisit::walk_poly_trait_ref(self, trait_ref, modifier);
2947 self.outer_index.shift_out(1);
2950 fn visit_param_bound(&mut self, bound: &hir::GenericBound<'_>) {
2951 if let hir::GenericBound::LangItemTrait { .. } = bound {
2952 self.outer_index.shift_in(1);
2953 intravisit::walk_param_bound(self, bound);
2954 self.outer_index.shift_out(1);
2956 intravisit::walk_param_bound(self, bound);
2960 fn visit_lifetime(&mut self, lifetime_ref: &hir::Lifetime) {
2961 if let Some(&lifetime) = self.map.defs.get(&lifetime_ref.hir_id) {
2963 Region::LateBound(debruijn, _, _, _)
2964 | Region::LateBoundAnon(debruijn, _, _)
2965 if debruijn < self.outer_index =>
2967 self.have_bound_regions = true;
2970 // FIXME(jackh726): nested trait refs?
2971 self.lifetimes.insert(lifetime.shifted_out_to_binder(self.outer_index));
2978 struct GatherAnonLifetimes {
2981 impl<'v> Visitor<'v> for GatherAnonLifetimes {
2982 #[instrument(skip(self), level = "trace")]
2983 fn visit_ty(&mut self, ty: &hir::Ty<'_>) {
2984 // If we enter a `BareFn`, then we enter a *new* binding scope
2985 if let hir::TyKind::BareFn(_) = ty.kind {
2988 intravisit::walk_ty(self, ty);
2991 fn visit_generic_args(
2994 generic_args: &'v hir::GenericArgs<'v>,
2996 // parenthesized args enter a new elison scope
2997 if generic_args.parenthesized {
3000 intravisit::walk_generic_args(self, path_span, generic_args)
3003 #[instrument(skip(self), level = "trace")]
3004 fn visit_lifetime(&mut self, lifetime_ref: &hir::Lifetime) {
3005 if lifetime_ref.is_elided() {
3006 self.anon_count += 1;
3012 fn resolve_elided_lifetimes(&mut self, lifetime_refs: &[&'tcx hir::Lifetime]) {
3013 debug!("resolve_elided_lifetimes(lifetime_refs={:?})", lifetime_refs);
3015 if lifetime_refs.is_empty() {
3019 let mut late_depth = 0;
3020 let mut scope = self.scope;
3021 let mut lifetime_names = FxHashSet::default();
3022 let mut lifetime_spans = vec![];
3025 // Do not assign any resolution, it will be inferred.
3026 Scope::Body { .. } => break Ok(()),
3028 Scope::Root => break Err(None),
3030 Scope::Binder { s, ref lifetimes, scope_type, .. } => {
3031 // collect named lifetimes for suggestions
3032 for name in lifetimes.keys() {
3033 if let hir::ParamName::Plain(name) = name {
3034 lifetime_names.insert(name.name);
3035 lifetime_spans.push(name.span);
3039 BinderScopeType::Normal => late_depth += 1,
3040 BinderScopeType::Concatenating => {}
3046 elide: Elide::FreshLateAnon(named_late_bound_vars, ref counter),
3049 for lifetime_ref in lifetime_refs {
3051 Region::late_anon(named_late_bound_vars, counter).shifted(late_depth);
3053 self.insert_lifetime(lifetime_ref, lifetime);
3058 Scope::Elision { elide: Elide::Exact(l), .. } => {
3059 let lifetime = l.shifted(late_depth);
3060 for lifetime_ref in lifetime_refs {
3061 self.insert_lifetime(lifetime_ref, lifetime);
3066 Scope::Elision { elide: Elide::Error(ref e), ref s, .. } => {
3070 Scope::Binder { ref lifetimes, s, .. } => {
3071 // Collect named lifetimes for suggestions.
3072 for name in lifetimes.keys() {
3073 if let hir::ParamName::Plain(name) = name {
3074 lifetime_names.insert(name.name);
3075 lifetime_spans.push(name.span);
3080 Scope::ObjectLifetimeDefault { ref s, .. }
3081 | Scope::Elision { ref s, .. }
3082 | Scope::TraitRefBoundary { ref s, .. } => {
3088 break Err(Some(&e[..]));
3091 Scope::Elision { elide: Elide::Forbid, .. } => break Err(None),
3093 Scope::ObjectLifetimeDefault { s, .. }
3094 | Scope::Supertrait { s, .. }
3095 | Scope::TraitRefBoundary { s, .. } => {
3101 let error = match error {
3103 self.report_elided_lifetime_in_ty(lifetime_refs);
3106 Err(error) => error,
3109 // If we specifically need the `scope_for_path` map, then we're in the
3110 // diagnostic pass and we don't want to emit more errors.
3111 if self.map.scope_for_path.is_some() {
3112 self.tcx.sess.delay_span_bug(
3113 rustc_span::DUMMY_SP,
3114 "Encountered unexpected errors during diagnostics related part",
3119 let mut spans: Vec<_> = lifetime_refs.iter().map(|lt| lt.span).collect();
3121 let mut spans_dedup = spans.clone();
3122 spans_dedup.dedup();
3123 let spans_with_counts: Vec<_> = spans_dedup
3125 .map(|sp| (sp, spans.iter().filter(|nsp| *nsp == &sp).count()))
3128 let mut err = self.report_missing_lifetime_specifiers(spans.clone(), lifetime_refs.len());
3130 if let Some(params) = error {
3131 // If there's no lifetime available, suggest `'static`.
3132 if self.report_elision_failure(&mut err, params) && lifetime_names.is_empty() {
3133 lifetime_names.insert(kw::StaticLifetime);
3137 self.add_missing_lifetime_specifiers_label(
3142 error.unwrap_or(&[]),
3147 fn resolve_object_lifetime_default(&mut self, lifetime_ref: &'tcx hir::Lifetime) {
3148 debug!("resolve_object_lifetime_default(lifetime_ref={:?})", lifetime_ref);
3149 let mut late_depth = 0;
3150 let mut scope = self.scope;
3151 let lifetime = loop {
3153 Scope::Binder { s, scope_type, .. } => {
3155 BinderScopeType::Normal => late_depth += 1,
3156 BinderScopeType::Concatenating => {}
3161 Scope::Root | Scope::Elision { .. } => break Region::Static,
3163 Scope::Body { .. } | Scope::ObjectLifetimeDefault { lifetime: None, .. } => return,
3165 Scope::ObjectLifetimeDefault { lifetime: Some(l), .. } => break l,
3167 Scope::Supertrait { s, .. } | Scope::TraitRefBoundary { s, .. } => {
3172 self.insert_lifetime(lifetime_ref, lifetime.shifted(late_depth));
3175 fn check_lifetime_params(
3177 old_scope: ScopeRef<'_>,
3178 params: &'tcx [hir::GenericParam<'tcx>],
3180 let lifetimes: Vec<_> = params
3182 .filter_map(|param| match param.kind {
3183 GenericParamKind::Lifetime { .. } => {
3184 Some((param, param.name.normalize_to_macros_2_0()))
3189 for (i, (lifetime_i, lifetime_i_name)) in lifetimes.iter().enumerate() {
3190 if let hir::ParamName::Plain(_) = lifetime_i_name {
3191 let name = lifetime_i_name.ident().name;
3192 if name == kw::UnderscoreLifetime || name == kw::StaticLifetime {
3193 let mut err = struct_span_err!(
3197 "invalid lifetime parameter name: `{}`",
3198 lifetime_i.name.ident(),
3202 format!("{} is a reserved lifetime name", name),
3208 // It is a hard error to shadow a lifetime within the same scope.
3209 for (lifetime_j, lifetime_j_name) in lifetimes.iter().skip(i + 1) {
3210 if lifetime_i_name == lifetime_j_name {
3215 "lifetime name `{}` declared twice in the same scope",
3216 lifetime_j.name.ident()
3218 .span_label(lifetime_j.span, "declared twice")
3219 .span_label(lifetime_i.span, "previous declaration here")
3224 // It is a soft error to shadow a lifetime within a parent scope.
3225 self.check_lifetime_param_for_shadowing(old_scope, &lifetime_i);
3227 for bound in lifetime_i.bounds {
3229 hir::GenericBound::Outlives(ref lt) => match lt.name {
3230 hir::LifetimeName::Underscore => self.tcx.sess.delay_span_bug(
3232 "use of `'_` in illegal place, but not caught by lowering",
3234 hir::LifetimeName::Static => {
3235 self.insert_lifetime(lt, Region::Static);
3239 lifetime_i.span.to(lt.span),
3241 "unnecessary lifetime parameter `{}`",
3242 lifetime_i.name.ident(),
3246 "you can use the `'static` lifetime directly, in place of `{}`",
3247 lifetime_i.name.ident(),
3251 hir::LifetimeName::Param(_) | hir::LifetimeName::Implicit(_) => {
3252 self.resolve_lifetime_ref(lt);
3254 hir::LifetimeName::ImplicitObjectLifetimeDefault => {
3255 self.tcx.sess.delay_span_bug(
3257 "lowering generated `ImplicitObjectLifetimeDefault` \
3258 outside of an object type",
3261 hir::LifetimeName::Error => {
3262 // No need to do anything, error already reported.
3271 fn check_lifetime_param_for_shadowing(
3273 mut old_scope: ScopeRef<'_>,
3274 param: &'tcx hir::GenericParam<'tcx>,
3276 for label in &self.labels_in_fn {
3277 // FIXME (#24278): non-hygienic comparison
3278 if param.name.ident().name == label.name {
3279 signal_shadowing_problem(
3282 original_label(label.span),
3283 shadower_lifetime(¶m),
3291 Scope::Body { s, .. }
3292 | Scope::Elision { s, .. }
3293 | Scope::ObjectLifetimeDefault { s, .. }
3294 | Scope::Supertrait { s, .. }
3295 | Scope::TraitRefBoundary { s, .. } => {
3303 Scope::Binder { ref lifetimes, s, .. } => {
3304 if let Some(&def) = lifetimes.get(¶m.name.normalize_to_macros_2_0()) {
3305 signal_shadowing_problem(
3307 param.name.ident().name,
3308 original_lifetime(self.tcx.def_span(def.id().unwrap())),
3309 shadower_lifetime(¶m),
3320 /// Returns `true` if, in the current scope, replacing `'_` would be
3321 /// equivalent to a single-use lifetime.
3322 fn track_lifetime_uses(&self) -> bool {
3323 let mut scope = self.scope;
3326 Scope::Root => break false,
3328 // Inside of items, it depends on the kind of item.
3329 Scope::Binder { track_lifetime_uses, .. } => break track_lifetime_uses,
3331 // Inside a body, `'_` will use an inference variable,
3333 Scope::Body { .. } => break true,
3335 // A lifetime only used in a fn argument could as well
3336 // be replaced with `'_`, as that would generate a
3338 Scope::Elision { elide: Elide::FreshLateAnon(..), .. } => break true,
3340 // In the return type or other such place, `'_` is not
3341 // going to make a fresh name, so we cannot
3342 // necessarily replace a single-use lifetime with
3345 elide: Elide::Exact(_) | Elide::Error(_) | Elide::Forbid, ..
3348 Scope::ObjectLifetimeDefault { s, .. }
3349 | Scope::Supertrait { s, .. }
3350 | Scope::TraitRefBoundary { s, .. } => scope = s,
3355 #[tracing::instrument(level = "debug", skip(self))]
3356 fn insert_lifetime(&mut self, lifetime_ref: &'tcx hir::Lifetime, def: Region) {
3358 node = ?self.tcx.hir().node_to_string(lifetime_ref.hir_id),
3359 span = ?self.tcx.sess.source_map().span_to_diagnostic_string(lifetime_ref.span)
3361 self.map.defs.insert(lifetime_ref.hir_id, def);
3364 Region::LateBoundAnon(..) | Region::Static => {
3365 // These are anonymous lifetimes or lifetimes that are not declared.
3368 Region::Free(_, def_id)
3369 | Region::LateBound(_, _, def_id, _)
3370 | Region::EarlyBound(_, def_id, _) => {
3371 // A lifetime declared by the user.
3372 let track_lifetime_uses = self.track_lifetime_uses();
3373 debug!(?track_lifetime_uses);
3374 if track_lifetime_uses && !self.lifetime_uses.contains_key(&def_id) {
3375 debug!("first use of {:?}", def_id);
3376 self.lifetime_uses.insert(def_id, LifetimeUseSet::One(lifetime_ref));
3378 debug!("many uses of {:?}", def_id);
3379 self.lifetime_uses.insert(def_id, LifetimeUseSet::Many);
3385 /// Sometimes we resolve a lifetime, but later find that it is an
3386 /// error (esp. around impl trait). In that case, we remove the
3387 /// entry into `map.defs` so as not to confuse later code.
3388 fn uninsert_lifetime_on_error(&mut self, lifetime_ref: &'tcx hir::Lifetime, bad_def: Region) {
3389 let old_value = self.map.defs.remove(&lifetime_ref.hir_id);
3390 assert_eq!(old_value, Some(bad_def));
3394 /// Detects late-bound lifetimes and inserts them into
3395 /// `map.late_bound`.
3397 /// A region declared on a fn is **late-bound** if:
3398 /// - it is constrained by an argument type;
3399 /// - it does not appear in a where-clause.
3401 /// "Constrained" basically means that it appears in any type but
3402 /// not amongst the inputs to a projection. In other words, `<&'a
3403 /// T as Trait<''b>>::Foo` does not constrain `'a` or `'b`.
3404 #[tracing::instrument(level = "debug", skip(map))]
3405 fn insert_late_bound_lifetimes(
3406 map: &mut NamedRegionMap,
3407 decl: &hir::FnDecl<'_>,
3408 generics: &hir::Generics<'_>,
3410 let mut constrained_by_input = ConstrainedCollector::default();
3411 for arg_ty in decl.inputs {
3412 constrained_by_input.visit_ty(arg_ty);
3415 let mut appears_in_output = AllCollector::default();
3416 intravisit::walk_fn_ret_ty(&mut appears_in_output, &decl.output);
3418 debug!(?constrained_by_input.regions);
3420 // Walk the lifetimes that appear in where clauses.
3422 // Subtle point: because we disallow nested bindings, we can just
3423 // ignore binders here and scrape up all names we see.
3424 let mut appears_in_where_clause = AllCollector::default();
3425 appears_in_where_clause.visit_generics(generics);
3427 for param in generics.params {
3428 if let hir::GenericParamKind::Lifetime { .. } = param.kind {
3429 if !param.bounds.is_empty() {
3430 // `'a: 'b` means both `'a` and `'b` are referenced
3431 appears_in_where_clause
3433 .insert(hir::LifetimeName::Param(param.name.normalize_to_macros_2_0()));
3438 debug!(?appears_in_where_clause.regions);
3440 // Late bound regions are those that:
3441 // - appear in the inputs
3442 // - do not appear in the where-clauses
3443 // - are not implicitly captured by `impl Trait`
3444 for param in generics.params {
3446 hir::GenericParamKind::Lifetime { .. } => { /* fall through */ }
3448 // Neither types nor consts are late-bound.
3449 hir::GenericParamKind::Type { .. } | hir::GenericParamKind::Const { .. } => continue,
3452 let lt_name = hir::LifetimeName::Param(param.name.normalize_to_macros_2_0());
3453 // appears in the where clauses? early-bound.
3454 if appears_in_where_clause.regions.contains(<_name) {
3458 // does not appear in the inputs, but appears in the return type? early-bound.
3459 if !constrained_by_input.regions.contains(<_name)
3460 && appears_in_output.regions.contains(<_name)
3465 debug!("lifetime {:?} with id {:?} is late-bound", param.name.ident(), param.hir_id);
3467 let inserted = map.late_bound.insert(param.hir_id);
3468 assert!(inserted, "visited lifetime {:?} twice", param.hir_id);
3474 struct ConstrainedCollector {
3475 regions: FxHashSet<hir::LifetimeName>,
3478 impl<'v> Visitor<'v> for ConstrainedCollector {
3479 fn visit_ty(&mut self, ty: &'v hir::Ty<'v>) {
3482 hir::QPath::Resolved(Some(_), _) | hir::QPath::TypeRelative(..),
3484 // ignore lifetimes appearing in associated type
3485 // projections, as they are not *constrained*
3489 hir::TyKind::Path(hir::QPath::Resolved(None, ref path)) => {
3490 // consider only the lifetimes on the final
3491 // segment; I am not sure it's even currently
3492 // valid to have them elsewhere, but even if it
3493 // is, those would be potentially inputs to
3495 if let Some(last_segment) = path.segments.last() {
3496 self.visit_path_segment(path.span, last_segment);
3501 intravisit::walk_ty(self, ty);
3506 fn visit_lifetime(&mut self, lifetime_ref: &'v hir::Lifetime) {
3507 self.regions.insert(lifetime_ref.name.normalize_to_macros_2_0());
3512 struct AllCollector {
3513 regions: FxHashSet<hir::LifetimeName>,
3516 impl<'v> Visitor<'v> for AllCollector {
3517 fn visit_lifetime(&mut self, lifetime_ref: &'v hir::Lifetime) {
3518 self.regions.insert(lifetime_ref.name.normalize_to_macros_2_0());