1 //! Check the validity invariant of a given value, and tell the user
2 //! where in the value it got violated.
3 //! In const context, this goes even further and tries to approximate const safety.
4 //! That's useful because it means other passes (e.g. promotion) can rely on `const`s
7 use std::convert::TryFrom;
9 use std::num::NonZeroUsize;
11 use rustc_data_structures::fx::FxHashSet;
13 use rustc_middle::mir::interpret::InterpError;
15 use rustc_middle::ty::layout::{LayoutOf, TyAndLayout};
16 use rustc_span::symbol::{sym, Symbol};
17 use rustc_target::abi::{Abi, Scalar as ScalarAbi, Size, VariantIdx, Variants, WrappingRange};
22 alloc_range, CheckInAllocMsg, GlobalAlloc, InterpCx, InterpResult, MPlaceTy, Machine,
23 MemPlaceMeta, OpTy, ScalarMaybeUninit, ValueVisitor,
26 macro_rules! throw_validation_failure {
27 ($where:expr, { $( $what_fmt:expr ),+ } $( expected { $( $expected_fmt:expr ),+ } )?) => {{
28 let mut msg = String::new();
29 msg.push_str("encountered ");
30 write!(&mut msg, $($what_fmt),+).unwrap();
32 msg.push_str(", but expected ");
33 write!(&mut msg, $($expected_fmt),+).unwrap();
35 let path = rustc_middle::ty::print::with_no_trimmed_paths(|| {
37 if !where_.is_empty() {
38 let mut path = String::new();
39 write_path(&mut path, where_);
45 throw_ub!(ValidationFailure { path, msg })
49 /// If $e throws an error matching the pattern, throw a validation failure.
50 /// Other errors are passed back to the caller, unchanged -- and if they reach the root of
51 /// the visitor, we make sure only validation errors and `InvalidProgram` errors are left.
52 /// This lets you use the patterns as a kind of validation list, asserting which errors
53 /// can possibly happen:
56 /// let v = try_validation!(some_fn(), some_path, {
57 /// Foo | Bar | Baz => { "some failure" },
61 /// An additional expected parameter can also be added to the failure message:
64 /// let v = try_validation!(some_fn(), some_path, {
65 /// Foo | Bar | Baz => { "some failure" } expected { "something that wasn't a failure" },
69 /// An additional nicety is that both parameters actually take format args, so you can just write
70 /// the format string in directly:
73 /// let v = try_validation!(some_fn(), some_path, {
74 /// Foo | Bar | Baz => { "{:?}", some_failure } expected { "{}", expected_value },
78 macro_rules! try_validation {
79 ($e:expr, $where:expr,
80 $( $( $p:pat_param )|+ => { $( $what_fmt:expr ),+ } $( expected { $( $expected_fmt:expr ),+ } )? ),+ $(,)?
84 // We catch the error and turn it into a validation failure. We are okay with
85 // allocation here as this can only slow down builds that fail anyway.
86 Err(e) => match e.kind() {
89 throw_validation_failure!(
91 { $( $what_fmt ),+ } $( expected { $( $expected_fmt ),+ } )?
94 #[allow(unreachable_patterns)]
101 /// We want to show a nice path to the invalid field for diagnostics,
102 /// but avoid string operations in the happy case where no error happens.
103 /// So we track a `Vec<PathElem>` where `PathElem` contains all the data we
104 /// need to later print something for the user.
105 #[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug)]
109 GeneratorState(VariantIdx),
119 /// Extra things to check for during validation of CTFE results.
120 pub enum CtfeValidationMode {
121 /// Regular validation, nothing special happening.
123 /// Validation of a `const`.
124 /// `inner` says if this is an inner, indirect allocation (as opposed to the top-level const
125 /// allocation). Being an inner allocation makes a difference because the top-level allocation
126 /// of a `const` is copied for each use, but the inner allocations are implicitly shared.
127 /// `allow_static_ptrs` says if pointers to statics are permitted (which is the case for promoteds in statics).
128 Const { inner: bool, allow_static_ptrs: bool },
131 /// State for tracking recursive validation of references
132 pub struct RefTracking<T, PATH = ()> {
133 pub seen: FxHashSet<T>,
134 pub todo: Vec<(T, PATH)>,
137 impl<T: Copy + Eq + Hash + std::fmt::Debug, PATH: Default> RefTracking<T, PATH> {
138 pub fn empty() -> Self {
139 RefTracking { seen: FxHashSet::default(), todo: vec![] }
141 pub fn new(op: T) -> Self {
142 let mut ref_tracking_for_consts =
143 RefTracking { seen: FxHashSet::default(), todo: vec![(op, PATH::default())] };
144 ref_tracking_for_consts.seen.insert(op);
145 ref_tracking_for_consts
148 pub fn track(&mut self, op: T, path: impl FnOnce() -> PATH) {
149 if self.seen.insert(op) {
150 trace!("Recursing below ptr {:#?}", op);
152 // Remember to come back to this later.
153 self.todo.push((op, path));
159 fn write_path(out: &mut String, path: &[PathElem]) {
160 use self::PathElem::*;
162 for elem in path.iter() {
164 Field(name) => write!(out, ".{}", name),
165 EnumTag => write!(out, ".<enum-tag>"),
166 Variant(name) => write!(out, ".<enum-variant({})>", name),
167 GeneratorTag => write!(out, ".<generator-tag>"),
168 GeneratorState(idx) => write!(out, ".<generator-state({})>", idx.index()),
169 CapturedVar(name) => write!(out, ".<captured-var({})>", name),
170 TupleElem(idx) => write!(out, ".{}", idx),
171 ArrayElem(idx) => write!(out, "[{}]", idx),
172 // `.<deref>` does not match Rust syntax, but it is more readable for long paths -- and
173 // some of the other items here also are not Rust syntax. Actually we can't
174 // even use the usual syntax because we are just showing the projections,
176 Deref => write!(out, ".<deref>"),
177 DynDowncast => write!(out, ".<dyn-downcast>"),
183 // Formats such that a sentence like "expected something {}" to mean
184 // "expected something <in the given range>" makes sense.
185 fn wrapping_range_format(r: WrappingRange, max_hi: u128) -> String {
186 let WrappingRange { start: lo, end: hi } = r;
187 assert!(hi <= max_hi);
189 format!("less or equal to {}, or greater or equal to {}", hi, lo)
191 format!("equal to {}", lo)
193 assert!(hi < max_hi, "should not be printing if the range covers everything");
194 format!("less or equal to {}", hi)
195 } else if hi == max_hi {
196 assert!(lo > 0, "should not be printing if the range covers everything");
197 format!("greater or equal to {}", lo)
199 format!("in the range {:?}", r)
203 struct ValidityVisitor<'rt, 'mir, 'tcx, M: Machine<'mir, 'tcx>> {
204 /// The `path` may be pushed to, but the part that is present when a function
205 /// starts must not be changed! `visit_fields` and `visit_array` rely on
206 /// this stack discipline.
208 ref_tracking: Option<&'rt mut RefTracking<MPlaceTy<'tcx, M::PointerTag>, Vec<PathElem>>>,
209 /// `None` indicates this is not validating for CTFE (but for runtime).
210 ctfe_mode: Option<CtfeValidationMode>,
211 ecx: &'rt InterpCx<'mir, 'tcx, M>,
214 impl<'rt, 'mir, 'tcx: 'mir, M: Machine<'mir, 'tcx>> ValidityVisitor<'rt, 'mir, 'tcx, M> {
215 fn aggregate_field_path_elem(&mut self, layout: TyAndLayout<'tcx>, field: usize) -> PathElem {
216 // First, check if we are projecting to a variant.
217 match layout.variants {
218 Variants::Multiple { tag_field, .. } => {
219 if tag_field == field {
220 return match layout.ty.kind() {
221 ty::Adt(def, ..) if def.is_enum() => PathElem::EnumTag,
222 ty::Generator(..) => PathElem::GeneratorTag,
223 _ => bug!("non-variant type {:?}", layout.ty),
227 Variants::Single { .. } => {}
230 // Now we know we are projecting to a field, so figure out which one.
231 match layout.ty.kind() {
232 // generators and closures.
233 ty::Closure(def_id, _) | ty::Generator(def_id, _, _) => {
235 // FIXME this should be more descriptive i.e. CapturePlace instead of CapturedVar
236 // https://github.com/rust-lang/project-rfc-2229/issues/46
237 if let Some(local_def_id) = def_id.as_local() {
238 let tables = self.ecx.tcx.typeck(local_def_id);
239 if let Some(captured_place) =
240 tables.closure_min_captures_flattened(*def_id).nth(field)
242 // Sometimes the index is beyond the number of upvars (seen
244 let var_hir_id = captured_place.get_root_variable();
245 let node = self.ecx.tcx.hir().get(var_hir_id);
246 if let hir::Node::Binding(pat) = node {
247 if let hir::PatKind::Binding(_, _, ident, _) = pat.kind {
248 name = Some(ident.name);
254 PathElem::CapturedVar(name.unwrap_or_else(|| {
255 // Fall back to showing the field index.
261 ty::Tuple(_) => PathElem::TupleElem(field),
264 ty::Adt(def, ..) if def.is_enum() => {
265 // we might be projecting *to* a variant, or to a field *in* a variant.
266 match layout.variants {
267 Variants::Single { index } => {
269 PathElem::Field(def.variants[index].fields[field].ident.name)
271 Variants::Multiple { .. } => bug!("we handled variants above"),
276 ty::Adt(def, _) => PathElem::Field(def.non_enum_variant().fields[field].ident.name),
279 ty::Array(..) | ty::Slice(..) => PathElem::ArrayElem(field),
282 ty::Dynamic(..) => PathElem::DynDowncast,
284 // nothing else has an aggregate layout
285 _ => bug!("aggregate_field_path_elem: got non-aggregate type {:?}", layout.ty),
292 f: impl FnOnce(&mut Self) -> InterpResult<'tcx, R>,
293 ) -> InterpResult<'tcx, R> {
294 // Remember the old state
295 let path_len = self.path.len();
296 // Record new element
297 self.path.push(elem);
301 self.path.truncate(path_len);
306 fn check_wide_ptr_meta(
308 meta: MemPlaceMeta<M::PointerTag>,
309 pointee: TyAndLayout<'tcx>,
310 ) -> InterpResult<'tcx> {
311 let tail = self.ecx.tcx.struct_tail_erasing_lifetimes(pointee.ty, self.ecx.param_env);
314 let vtable = self.ecx.scalar_to_ptr(meta.unwrap_meta());
315 // Direct call to `check_ptr_access_align` checks alignment even on CTFE machines.
317 self.ecx.memory.check_ptr_access_align(
319 3 * self.ecx.tcx.data_layout.pointer_size, // drop, size, align
320 self.ecx.tcx.data_layout.pointer_align.abi,
321 CheckInAllocMsg::InboundsTest, // will anyway be replaced by validity message
324 err_ub!(DanglingIntPointer(..)) |
325 err_ub!(PointerUseAfterFree(..)) =>
326 { "dangling vtable pointer in wide pointer" },
327 err_ub!(AlignmentCheckFailed { .. }) =>
328 { "unaligned vtable pointer in wide pointer" },
329 err_ub!(PointerOutOfBounds { .. }) =>
330 { "too small vtable" },
333 self.ecx.read_drop_type_from_vtable(vtable),
335 err_ub!(DanglingIntPointer(..)) |
336 err_ub!(InvalidFunctionPointer(..)) =>
337 { "invalid drop function pointer in vtable (not pointing to a function)" },
338 err_ub!(InvalidVtableDropFn(..)) =>
339 { "invalid drop function pointer in vtable (function has incompatible signature)" },
342 self.ecx.read_size_and_align_from_vtable(vtable),
344 err_ub!(InvalidVtableSize) =>
345 { "invalid vtable: size is bigger than largest supported object" },
346 err_ub!(InvalidVtableAlignment(msg)) =>
347 { "invalid vtable: alignment {}", msg },
348 err_unsup!(ReadPointerAsBytes) => { "invalid size or align in vtable" },
350 // FIXME: More checks for the vtable.
352 ty::Slice(..) | ty::Str => {
353 let _len = try_validation!(
354 meta.unwrap_meta().to_machine_usize(self.ecx),
356 err_unsup!(ReadPointerAsBytes) => { "non-integer slice length in wide pointer" },
358 // We do not check that `len * elem_size <= isize::MAX`:
359 // that is only required for references, and there it falls out of the
360 // "dereferenceable" check performed by Stacked Borrows.
363 // Unsized, but not wide.
365 _ => bug!("Unexpected unsized type tail: {:?}", tail),
371 /// Check a reference or `Box`.
372 fn check_safe_pointer(
374 value: &OpTy<'tcx, M::PointerTag>,
376 ) -> InterpResult<'tcx> {
377 let value = try_validation!(
378 self.ecx.read_immediate(value),
380 err_unsup!(ReadPointerAsBytes) => { "part of a pointer" } expected { "a proper pointer or integer value" },
382 // Handle wide pointers.
383 // Check metadata early, for better diagnostics
384 let place = try_validation!(
385 self.ecx.ref_to_mplace(&value),
387 err_ub!(InvalidUninitBytes(None)) => { "uninitialized {}", kind },
389 if place.layout.is_unsized() {
390 self.check_wide_ptr_meta(place.meta, place.layout)?;
392 // Make sure this is dereferenceable and all.
393 let size_and_align = try_validation!(
394 self.ecx.size_and_align_of_mplace(&place),
396 err_ub!(InvalidMeta(msg)) => { "invalid {} metadata: {}", kind, msg },
398 let (size, align) = size_and_align
399 // for the purpose of validity, consider foreign types to have
400 // alignment and size determined by the layout (size will be 0,
401 // alignment should take attributes into account).
402 .unwrap_or_else(|| (place.layout.size, place.layout.align.abi));
403 // Direct call to `check_ptr_access_align` checks alignment even on CTFE machines.
405 self.ecx.memory.check_ptr_access_align(
409 CheckInAllocMsg::InboundsTest, // will anyway be replaced by validity message
412 err_ub!(AlignmentCheckFailed { required, has }) =>
414 "an unaligned {} (required {} byte alignment but found {})",
419 err_ub!(DanglingIntPointer(0, _)) =>
420 { "a null {}", kind },
421 err_ub!(DanglingIntPointer(i, _)) =>
422 { "a dangling {} (address 0x{:x} is unallocated)", kind, i },
423 err_ub!(PointerOutOfBounds { .. }) =>
424 { "a dangling {} (going beyond the bounds of its allocation)", kind },
425 // This cannot happen during const-eval (because interning already detects
426 // dangling pointers), but it can happen in Miri.
427 err_ub!(PointerUseAfterFree(..)) =>
428 { "a dangling {} (use-after-free)", kind },
430 // Recursive checking
431 if let Some(ref mut ref_tracking) = self.ref_tracking {
432 // Proceed recursively even for ZST, no reason to skip them!
433 // `!` is a ZST and we want to validate it.
434 // Skip validation entirely for some external statics
435 if let Ok((alloc_id, _offset, _ptr)) = self.ecx.memory.ptr_try_get_alloc(place.ptr) {
437 let alloc_kind = self.ecx.tcx.get_global_alloc(alloc_id);
438 if let Some(GlobalAlloc::Static(did)) = alloc_kind {
439 assert!(!self.ecx.tcx.is_thread_local_static(did));
440 assert!(self.ecx.tcx.is_static(did));
443 Some(CtfeValidationMode::Const { allow_static_ptrs: false, .. })
445 // See const_eval::machine::MemoryExtra::can_access_statics for why
446 // this check is so important.
447 // This check is reachable when the const just referenced the static,
448 // but never read it (so we never entered `before_access_global`).
449 throw_validation_failure!(self.path,
450 { "a {} pointing to a static variable", kind }
453 // We skip checking other statics. These statics must be sound by
454 // themselves, and the only way to get broken statics here is by using
456 // The reasons we don't check other statics is twofold. For one, in all
457 // sound cases, the static was already validated on its own, and second, we
458 // trigger cycle errors if we try to compute the value of the other static
459 // and that static refers back to us.
460 // We might miss const-invalid data,
461 // but things are still sound otherwise (in particular re: consts
462 // referring to statics).
466 let path = &self.path;
467 ref_tracking.track(place, || {
468 // We need to clone the path anyway, make sure it gets created
469 // with enough space for the additional `Deref`.
470 let mut new_path = Vec::with_capacity(path.len() + 1);
471 new_path.clone_from(path);
472 new_path.push(PathElem::Deref);
481 op: &OpTy<'tcx, M::PointerTag>,
482 ) -> InterpResult<'tcx, ScalarMaybeUninit<M::PointerTag>> {
484 self.ecx.read_scalar(op),
486 err_unsup!(ReadPointerAsBytes) => { "(potentially part of) a pointer" } expected { "plain (non-pointer) bytes" },
490 /// Check if this is a value of primitive type, and if yes check the validity of the value
491 /// at that type. Return `true` if the type is indeed primitive.
492 fn try_visit_primitive(
494 value: &OpTy<'tcx, M::PointerTag>,
495 ) -> InterpResult<'tcx, bool> {
496 // Go over all the primitive types
497 let ty = value.layout.ty;
500 let value = self.read_scalar(value)?;
504 err_ub!(InvalidBool(..)) | err_ub!(InvalidUninitBytes(None)) =>
505 { "{}", value } expected { "a boolean" },
510 let value = self.read_scalar(value)?;
514 err_ub!(InvalidChar(..)) | err_ub!(InvalidUninitBytes(None)) =>
515 { "{}", value } expected { "a valid unicode scalar value (in `0..=0x10FFFF` but not in `0xD800..=0xDFFF`)" },
519 ty::Float(_) | ty::Int(_) | ty::Uint(_) => {
520 let value = self.read_scalar(value)?;
521 // NOTE: Keep this in sync with the array optimization for int/float
523 if self.ctfe_mode.is_some() {
524 // Integers/floats in CTFE: Must be scalar bits, pointers are dangerous
525 let is_bits = value.check_init().map_or(false, |v| v.try_to_int().is_ok());
527 throw_validation_failure!(self.path,
528 { "{}", value } expected { "initialized plain (non-pointer) bytes" }
532 // At run-time, for now, we accept *anything* for these types, including
533 // uninit. We should fix that, but let's start low.
538 // We are conservative with uninit for integers, but try to
539 // actually enforce the strict rules for raw pointers (mostly because
540 // that lets us re-use `ref_to_mplace`).
541 let place = try_validation!(
542 self.ecx.read_immediate(value).and_then(|ref i| self.ecx.ref_to_mplace(i)),
544 err_ub!(InvalidUninitBytes(None)) => { "uninitialized raw pointer" },
545 err_unsup!(ReadPointerAsBytes) => { "part of a pointer" } expected { "a proper pointer or integer value" },
547 if place.layout.is_unsized() {
548 self.check_wide_ptr_meta(place.meta, place.layout)?;
552 ty::Ref(_, ty, mutbl) => {
553 if matches!(self.ctfe_mode, Some(CtfeValidationMode::Const { .. }))
554 && *mutbl == hir::Mutability::Mut
556 // A mutable reference inside a const? That does not seem right (except if it is
558 let layout = self.ecx.layout_of(ty)?;
559 if !layout.is_zst() {
560 throw_validation_failure!(self.path, { "mutable reference in a `const`" });
563 self.check_safe_pointer(value, "reference")?;
566 ty::Adt(def, ..) if def.is_box() => {
567 self.check_safe_pointer(value, "box")?;
571 let value = try_validation!(
572 self.ecx.read_immediate(value),
574 err_unsup!(ReadPointerAsBytes) => { "part of a pointer" } expected { "a proper pointer or integer value" },
576 // Make sure we print a `ScalarMaybeUninit` (and not an `ImmTy`) in the error
578 let value = value.to_scalar_or_uninit();
579 let _fn = try_validation!(
580 value.check_init().and_then(|ptr| self.ecx.memory.get_fn(self.ecx.scalar_to_ptr(ptr))),
582 err_ub!(DanglingIntPointer(..)) |
583 err_ub!(InvalidFunctionPointer(..)) |
584 err_ub!(InvalidUninitBytes(None)) =>
585 { "{}", value } expected { "a function pointer" },
587 // FIXME: Check if the signature matches
590 ty::Never => throw_validation_failure!(self.path, { "a value of the never type `!`" }),
591 ty::Foreign(..) | ty::FnDef(..) => {
595 // The above should be all the primitive types. The rest is compound, we
596 // check them by visiting their fields/variants.
604 | ty::Generator(..) => Ok(false),
605 // Some types only occur during typechecking, they have no layout.
606 // We should not see them here and we could not check them anyway.
609 | ty::Placeholder(..)
614 | ty::GeneratorWitness(..) => bug!("Encountered invalid type {:?}", ty),
620 op: &OpTy<'tcx, M::PointerTag>,
621 scalar_layout: ScalarAbi,
622 ) -> InterpResult<'tcx> {
623 if scalar_layout.valid_range.is_full_for(op.layout.size) {
627 // At least one value is excluded.
628 let valid_range = scalar_layout.valid_range;
629 let WrappingRange { start, end } = valid_range;
630 let max_value = op.layout.size.unsigned_int_max();
631 assert!(end <= max_value);
632 // Determine the allowed range
633 let value = self.read_scalar(op)?;
634 let value = try_validation!(
637 err_ub!(InvalidUninitBytes(None)) => { "{}", value }
638 expected { "something {}", wrapping_range_format(valid_range, max_value) },
640 let bits = match value.try_to_int() {
642 // So this is a pointer then, and casting to an int failed.
643 // Can only happen during CTFE.
644 let ptr = self.ecx.scalar_to_ptr(value);
645 if start == 1 && end == max_value {
646 // Only null is the niche. So make sure the ptr is NOT null.
647 if self.ecx.memory.ptr_may_be_null(ptr) {
648 throw_validation_failure!(self.path,
649 { "a potentially null pointer" }
651 "something that cannot possibly fail to be {}",
652 wrapping_range_format(valid_range, max_value)
658 // Conservatively, we reject, because the pointer *could* have a bad
660 throw_validation_failure!(self.path,
663 "something that cannot possibly fail to be {}",
664 wrapping_range_format(valid_range, max_value)
669 Ok(int) => int.assert_bits(op.layout.size),
671 // Now compare. This is slightly subtle because this is a special "wrap-around" range.
672 if valid_range.contains(bits) {
675 throw_validation_failure!(self.path,
677 expected { "something {}", wrapping_range_format(valid_range, max_value) }
683 impl<'rt, 'mir, 'tcx: 'mir, M: Machine<'mir, 'tcx>> ValueVisitor<'mir, 'tcx, M>
684 for ValidityVisitor<'rt, 'mir, 'tcx, M>
686 type V = OpTy<'tcx, M::PointerTag>;
689 fn ecx(&self) -> &InterpCx<'mir, 'tcx, M> {
693 fn read_discriminant(
695 op: &OpTy<'tcx, M::PointerTag>,
696 ) -> InterpResult<'tcx, VariantIdx> {
697 self.with_elem(PathElem::EnumTag, move |this| {
699 this.ecx.read_discriminant(op),
701 err_ub!(InvalidTag(val)) =>
702 { "{}", val } expected { "a valid enum tag" },
703 err_ub!(InvalidUninitBytes(None)) =>
704 { "uninitialized bytes" } expected { "a valid enum tag" },
705 err_unsup!(ReadPointerAsBytes) =>
706 { "a pointer" } expected { "a valid enum tag" },
715 old_op: &OpTy<'tcx, M::PointerTag>,
717 new_op: &OpTy<'tcx, M::PointerTag>,
718 ) -> InterpResult<'tcx> {
719 let elem = self.aggregate_field_path_elem(old_op.layout, field);
720 self.with_elem(elem, move |this| this.visit_value(new_op))
726 old_op: &OpTy<'tcx, M::PointerTag>,
727 variant_id: VariantIdx,
728 new_op: &OpTy<'tcx, M::PointerTag>,
729 ) -> InterpResult<'tcx> {
730 let name = match old_op.layout.ty.kind() {
731 ty::Adt(adt, _) => PathElem::Variant(adt.variants[variant_id].ident.name),
732 // Generators also have variants
733 ty::Generator(..) => PathElem::GeneratorState(variant_id),
734 _ => bug!("Unexpected type with variant: {:?}", old_op.layout.ty),
736 self.with_elem(name, move |this| this.visit_value(new_op))
742 _op: &OpTy<'tcx, M::PointerTag>,
743 _fields: NonZeroUsize,
744 ) -> InterpResult<'tcx> {
749 fn visit_value(&mut self, op: &OpTy<'tcx, M::PointerTag>) -> InterpResult<'tcx> {
750 trace!("visit_value: {:?}, {:?}", *op, op.layout);
752 // Check primitive types -- the leafs of our recursive descend.
753 if self.try_visit_primitive(op)? {
756 // Sanity check: `builtin_deref` does not know any pointers that are not primitive.
757 assert!(op.layout.ty.builtin_deref(true).is_none());
759 // Special check preventing `UnsafeCell` in the inner part of constants
760 if let Some(def) = op.layout.ty.ty_adt_def() {
761 if matches!(self.ctfe_mode, Some(CtfeValidationMode::Const { inner: true, .. }))
762 && Some(def.did) == self.ecx.tcx.lang_items().unsafe_cell_type()
764 throw_validation_failure!(self.path, { "`UnsafeCell` in a `const`" });
768 // Recursively walk the value at its type.
769 self.walk_value(op)?;
771 // *After* all of this, check the ABI. We need to check the ABI to handle
772 // types like `NonNull` where the `Scalar` info is more restrictive than what
773 // the fields say (`rustc_layout_scalar_valid_range_start`).
774 // But in most cases, this will just propagate what the fields say,
775 // and then we want the error to point at the field -- so, first recurse,
778 // FIXME: We could avoid some redundant checks here. For newtypes wrapping
779 // scalars, we do the same check on every "level" (e.g., first we check
780 // MyNewtype and then the scalar in there).
781 match op.layout.abi {
782 Abi::Uninhabited => {
783 throw_validation_failure!(self.path,
784 { "a value of uninhabited type {:?}", op.layout.ty }
787 Abi::Scalar(scalar_layout) => {
788 self.visit_scalar(op, scalar_layout)?;
790 Abi::ScalarPair { .. } | Abi::Vector { .. } => {
791 // These have fields that we already visited above, so we already checked
792 // all their scalar-level restrictions.
793 // There is also no equivalent to `rustc_layout_scalar_valid_range_start`
794 // that would make skipping them here an issue.
796 Abi::Aggregate { .. } => {
806 op: &OpTy<'tcx, M::PointerTag>,
807 fields: impl Iterator<Item = InterpResult<'tcx, Self::V>>,
808 ) -> InterpResult<'tcx> {
809 match op.layout.ty.kind() {
811 let mplace = op.assert_mem_place(); // strings are never immediate
812 let len = mplace.len(self.ecx)?;
814 self.ecx.memory.read_bytes(mplace.ptr, Size::from_bytes(len)),
816 err_ub!(InvalidUninitBytes(..)) => { "uninitialized data in `str`" },
817 err_unsup!(ReadPointerAsBytes) => { "a pointer in `str`" },
820 ty::Array(tys, ..) | ty::Slice(tys)
821 // This optimization applies for types that can hold arbitrary bytes (such as
822 // integer and floating point types) or for structs or tuples with no fields.
823 // FIXME(wesleywiser) This logic could be extended further to arbitrary structs
824 // or tuples made up of integer/floating point types or inhabited ZSTs with no
826 if matches!(tys.kind(), ty::Int(..) | ty::Uint(..) | ty::Float(..))
829 // Optimized handling for arrays of integer/float type.
831 // Arrays cannot be immediate, slices are never immediate.
832 let mplace = op.assert_mem_place();
833 // This is the length of the array/slice.
834 let len = mplace.len(self.ecx)?;
835 // This is the element type size.
836 let layout = self.ecx.layout_of(tys)?;
837 // This is the size in bytes of the whole array. (This checks for overflow.)
838 let size = layout.size * len;
840 // Optimization: we just check the entire range at once.
841 // NOTE: Keep this in sync with the handling of integer and float
842 // types above, in `visit_primitive`.
843 // In run-time mode, we accept pointers in here. This is actually more
844 // permissive than a per-element check would be, e.g., we accept
845 // a &[u8] that contains a pointer even though bytewise checking would
846 // reject it. However, that's good: We don't inherently want
847 // to reject those pointers, we just do not have the machinery to
848 // talk about parts of a pointer.
849 // We also accept uninit, for consistency with the slow path.
850 let alloc = match self.ecx.memory.get(mplace.ptr, size, mplace.align)? {
853 // Size 0, nothing more to check.
858 match alloc.check_bytes(
859 alloc_range(Size::ZERO, size),
860 /*allow_uninit_and_ptr*/ self.ctfe_mode.is_none(),
862 // In the happy case, we needn't check anything else.
864 // Some error happened, try to provide a more detailed description.
866 // For some errors we might be able to provide extra information.
867 // (This custom logic does not fit the `try_validation!` macro.)
869 err_ub!(InvalidUninitBytes(Some((_alloc_id, access)))) => {
870 // Some byte was uninitialized, determine which
871 // element that byte belongs to so we can
873 let i = usize::try_from(
874 access.uninit_offset.bytes() / layout.size.bytes(),
877 self.path.push(PathElem::ArrayElem(i));
879 throw_validation_failure!(self.path, { "uninitialized bytes" })
881 err_unsup!(ReadPointerAsBytes) => {
882 throw_validation_failure!(self.path, { "a pointer" } expected { "plain (non-pointer) bytes" })
885 // Propagate upwards (that will also check for unexpected errors).
886 _ => return Err(err),
891 // Fast path for arrays and slices of ZSTs. We only need to check a single ZST element
892 // of an array and not all of them, because there's only a single value of a specific
893 // ZST type, so either validation fails for all elements or none.
894 ty::Array(tys, ..) | ty::Slice(tys) if self.ecx.layout_of(tys)?.is_zst() => {
895 // Validate just the first element (if any).
896 self.walk_aggregate(op, fields.take(1))?
899 self.walk_aggregate(op, fields)? // default handler
906 impl<'mir, 'tcx: 'mir, M: Machine<'mir, 'tcx>> InterpCx<'mir, 'tcx, M> {
907 fn validate_operand_internal(
909 op: &OpTy<'tcx, M::PointerTag>,
911 ref_tracking: Option<&mut RefTracking<MPlaceTy<'tcx, M::PointerTag>, Vec<PathElem>>>,
912 ctfe_mode: Option<CtfeValidationMode>,
913 ) -> InterpResult<'tcx> {
914 trace!("validate_operand_internal: {:?}, {:?}", *op, op.layout.ty);
916 // Construct a visitor
917 let mut visitor = ValidityVisitor { path, ref_tracking, ctfe_mode, ecx: self };
920 match visitor.visit_value(&op) {
922 // Pass through validation failures.
923 Err(err) if matches!(err.kind(), err_ub!(ValidationFailure { .. })) => Err(err),
924 // Also pass through InvalidProgram, those just indicate that we could not
925 // validate and each caller will know best what to do with them.
926 Err(err) if matches!(err.kind(), InterpError::InvalidProgram(_)) => Err(err),
927 // Avoid other errors as those do not show *where* in the value the issue lies.
929 err.print_backtrace();
930 bug!("Unexpected error during validation: {}", err);
935 /// This function checks the data at `op` to be const-valid.
936 /// `op` is assumed to cover valid memory if it is an indirect operand.
937 /// It will error if the bits at the destination do not match the ones described by the layout.
939 /// `ref_tracking` is used to record references that we encounter so that they
940 /// can be checked recursively by an outside driving loop.
942 /// `constant` controls whether this must satisfy the rules for constants:
943 /// - no pointers to statics.
944 /// - no `UnsafeCell` or non-ZST `&mut`.
946 pub fn const_validate_operand(
948 op: &OpTy<'tcx, M::PointerTag>,
950 ref_tracking: &mut RefTracking<MPlaceTy<'tcx, M::PointerTag>, Vec<PathElem>>,
951 ctfe_mode: CtfeValidationMode,
952 ) -> InterpResult<'tcx> {
953 self.validate_operand_internal(op, path, Some(ref_tracking), Some(ctfe_mode))
956 /// This function checks the data at `op` to be runtime-valid.
957 /// `op` is assumed to cover valid memory if it is an indirect operand.
958 /// It will error if the bits at the destination do not match the ones described by the layout.
960 pub fn validate_operand(&self, op: &OpTy<'tcx, M::PointerTag>) -> InterpResult<'tcx> {
961 self.validate_operand_internal(op, vec![], None, None)