6 use rustc_ast::tokenstream::TokenStream;
7 use rustc_ast::{token, BlockCheckMode, UnsafeSource};
8 use rustc_data_structures::fx::{FxHashMap, FxHashSet};
9 use rustc_errors::{pluralize, Applicability, DiagnosticBuilder};
10 use rustc_expand::base::{self, *};
11 use rustc_parse_format as parse;
12 use rustc_span::symbol::{sym, Ident, Symbol};
13 use rustc_span::{MultiSpan, Span};
16 use std::collections::hash_map::Entry;
20 Placeholder(&'static str),
29 struct Context<'a, 'b> {
30 ecx: &'a mut ExtCtxt<'b>,
31 /// The macro's call site. References to unstable formatting internals must
32 /// use this span to pass the stability checker.
34 /// The span of the format string literal.
37 /// List of parsed argument expressions.
38 /// Named expressions are resolved early, and are appended to the end of
39 /// argument expressions.
41 /// Example showing the various data structures in motion:
43 /// * Original: `"{foo:o} {:o} {foo:x} {0:x} {1:o} {:x} {1:x} {0:o}"`
44 /// * Implicit argument resolution: `"{foo:o} {0:o} {foo:x} {0:x} {1:o} {1:x} {1:x} {0:o}"`
45 /// * Name resolution: `"{2:o} {0:o} {2:x} {0:x} {1:o} {1:x} {1:x} {0:o}"`
46 /// * `arg_types` (in JSON): `[[0, 1, 0], [0, 1, 1], [0, 1]]`
47 /// * `arg_unique_types` (in simplified JSON): `[["o", "x"], ["o", "x"], ["o", "x"]]`
48 /// * `names` (in JSON): `{"foo": 2}`
49 args: Vec<P<ast::Expr>>,
50 /// Placeholder slot numbers indexed by argument.
51 arg_types: Vec<Vec<usize>>,
52 /// Unique format specs seen for each argument.
53 arg_unique_types: Vec<Vec<ArgumentType>>,
54 /// Map from named arguments to their resolved indices.
55 names: FxHashMap<Symbol, usize>,
57 /// The latest consecutive literal strings, or empty if there weren't any.
60 /// Collection of the compiled `rt::Argument` structures
61 pieces: Vec<P<ast::Expr>>,
62 /// Collection of string literals
63 str_pieces: Vec<P<ast::Expr>>,
64 /// Stays `true` if all formatting parameters are default (as in "{}{}").
65 all_pieces_simple: bool,
67 /// Mapping between positional argument references and indices into the
68 /// final generated static argument array. We record the starting indices
69 /// corresponding to each positional argument, and number of references
70 /// consumed so far for each argument, to facilitate correct `Position`
71 /// mapping in `build_piece`. In effect this can be seen as a "flattened"
72 /// version of `arg_unique_types`.
74 /// Again with the example described above in docstring for `args`:
76 /// * `arg_index_map` (in JSON): `[[0, 1, 0], [2, 3, 3], [4, 5]]`
77 arg_index_map: Vec<Vec<usize>>,
79 /// Starting offset of count argument slots.
80 count_args_index_offset: usize,
82 /// Count argument slots and tracking data structures.
83 /// Count arguments are separately tracked for de-duplication in case
84 /// multiple references are made to one argument. For example, in this
87 /// * Original: `"{:.*} {:.foo$} {1:.*} {:.0$}"`
88 /// * Implicit argument resolution: `"{1:.0$} {2:.foo$} {1:.3$} {4:.0$}"`
89 /// * Name resolution: `"{1:.0$} {2:.5$} {1:.3$} {4:.0$}"`
90 /// * `count_positions` (in JSON): `{0: 0, 5: 1, 3: 2}`
91 /// * `count_args`: `vec![Exact(0), Exact(5), Exact(3)]`
92 count_args: Vec<Position>,
93 /// Relative slot numbers for count arguments.
94 count_positions: FxHashMap<usize, usize>,
95 /// Number of count slots assigned.
96 count_positions_count: usize,
98 /// Current position of the implicit positional arg pointer, as if it
99 /// still existed in this phase of processing.
100 /// Used only for `all_pieces_simple` tracking in `build_piece`.
102 /// Current piece being evaluated, used for error reporting.
104 /// Keep track of invalid references to positional arguments.
105 invalid_refs: Vec<(usize, usize)>,
106 /// Spans of all the formatting arguments, in order.
107 arg_spans: Vec<Span>,
108 /// All the formatting arguments that have formatting flags set, in order for diagnostics.
109 arg_with_formatting: Vec<parse::FormatSpec<'a>>,
111 /// Whether this format string came from a string literal, as opposed to a macro.
115 /// Parses the arguments from the given list of tokens, returning the diagnostic
116 /// if there's a parse error so we can continue parsing other format!
119 /// If parsing succeeds, the return value is:
122 /// Some((fmtstr, parsed arguments, index map for named arguments))
125 ecx: &mut ExtCtxt<'a>,
128 ) -> Result<(P<ast::Expr>, Vec<P<ast::Expr>>, FxHashMap<Symbol, usize>), DiagnosticBuilder<'a>> {
129 let mut args = Vec::<P<ast::Expr>>::new();
130 let mut names = FxHashMap::<Symbol, usize>::default();
132 let mut p = ecx.new_parser_from_tts(tts);
134 if p.token == token::Eof {
135 return Err(ecx.struct_span_err(sp, "requires at least a format string argument"));
138 let first_token = &p.token;
139 let fmtstr = match first_token.kind {
140 token::TokenKind::Literal(token::Lit {
141 kind: token::LitKind::Str | token::LitKind::StrRaw(_),
144 // If the first token is a string literal, then a format expression
145 // is constructed from it.
147 // This allows us to properly handle cases when the first comma
148 // after the format string is mistakenly replaced with any operator,
149 // which cause the expression parser to eat too much tokens.
150 p.parse_literal_maybe_minus()?
153 // Otherwise, we fall back to the expression parser.
158 let mut first = true;
159 let mut named = false;
161 while p.token != token::Eof {
162 if !p.eat(&token::Comma) {
164 p.clear_expected_tokens();
167 // `Parser::expect` tries to recover using the
168 // `Parser::unexpected_try_recover` function. This function is able
169 // to recover if the expected token is a closing delimiter.
171 // As `,` is not a closing delimiter, it will always return an `Err`
173 let mut err = p.expect(&token::Comma).unwrap_err();
175 match token::TokenKind::Comma.similar_tokens() {
176 Some(tks) if tks.contains(&p.token.kind) => {
177 // If a similar token is found, then it may be a typo. We
178 // consider it as a comma, and continue parsing.
182 // Otherwise stop the parsing and return the error.
183 _ => return Err(err),
187 if p.token == token::Eof {
189 } // accept trailing commas
190 match p.token.ident() {
191 Some((ident, _)) if p.look_ahead(1, |t| *t == token::Eq) => {
194 p.expect(&token::Eq)?;
195 let e = p.parse_expr()?;
196 if let Some(prev) = names.get(&ident.name) {
197 ecx.struct_span_err(e.span, &format!("duplicate argument named `{}`", ident))
198 .span_label(args[*prev].span, "previously here")
199 .span_label(e.span, "duplicate argument")
204 // Resolve names into slots early.
205 // Since all the positional args are already seen at this point
206 // if the input is valid, we can simply append to the positional
207 // args. And remember the names.
208 let slot = args.len();
209 names.insert(ident.name, slot);
213 let e = p.parse_expr()?;
215 let mut err = ecx.struct_span_err(
217 "positional arguments cannot follow named arguments",
219 err.span_label(e.span, "positional arguments must be before named arguments");
220 for pos in names.values() {
221 err.span_label(args[*pos].span, "named argument");
229 Ok((fmtstr, args, names))
232 impl<'a, 'b> Context<'a, 'b> {
233 fn resolve_name_inplace(&self, p: &mut parse::Piece<'_>) {
234 // NOTE: the `unwrap_or` branch is needed in case of invalid format
235 // arguments, e.g., `format_args!("{foo}")`.
236 let lookup = |s: Symbol| *self.names.get(&s).unwrap_or(&0);
239 parse::String(_) => {}
240 parse::NextArgument(ref mut arg) => {
241 if let parse::ArgumentNamed(s) = arg.position {
242 arg.position = parse::ArgumentIs(lookup(s));
244 if let parse::CountIsName(s) = arg.format.width {
245 arg.format.width = parse::CountIsParam(lookup(s));
247 if let parse::CountIsName(s) = arg.format.precision {
248 arg.format.precision = parse::CountIsParam(lookup(s));
254 /// Verifies one piece of a parse string, and remembers it if valid.
255 /// All errors are not emitted as fatal so we can continue giving errors
256 /// about this and possibly other format strings.
257 fn verify_piece(&mut self, p: &parse::Piece<'_>) {
259 parse::String(..) => {}
260 parse::NextArgument(ref arg) => {
261 // width/precision first, if they have implicit positional
262 // parameters it makes more sense to consume them first.
263 self.verify_count(arg.format.width);
264 self.verify_count(arg.format.precision);
266 // argument second, if it's an implicit positional parameter
267 // it's written second, so it should come after width/precision.
268 let pos = match arg.position {
269 parse::ArgumentIs(i) | parse::ArgumentImplicitlyIs(i) => Exact(i),
270 parse::ArgumentNamed(s) => Named(s),
273 let ty = Placeholder(match arg.format.ty {
284 let fmtsp = self.fmtsp;
285 let sp = arg.format.ty_span.map(|sp| fmtsp.from_inner(sp));
286 let mut err = self.ecx.struct_span_err(
288 &format!("unknown format trait `{}`", arg.format.ty),
291 "the only appropriate formatting traits are:\n\
292 - ``, which uses the `Display` trait\n\
293 - `?`, which uses the `Debug` trait\n\
294 - `e`, which uses the `LowerExp` trait\n\
295 - `E`, which uses the `UpperExp` trait\n\
296 - `o`, which uses the `Octal` trait\n\
297 - `p`, which uses the `Pointer` trait\n\
298 - `b`, which uses the `Binary` trait\n\
299 - `x`, which uses the `LowerHex` trait\n\
300 - `X`, which uses the `UpperHex` trait",
302 if let Some(sp) = sp {
303 for (fmt, name) in &[
314 // FIXME: rustfix (`run-rustfix`) fails to apply suggestions.
315 // > "Cannot replace slice of data that was already replaced"
316 err.tool_only_span_suggestion(
318 &format!("use the `{}` trait", name),
320 Applicability::MaybeIncorrect,
328 self.verify_arg_type(pos, ty);
334 fn verify_count(&mut self, c: parse::Count) {
336 parse::CountImplied | parse::CountIs(..) => {}
337 parse::CountIsParam(i) => {
338 self.verify_arg_type(Exact(i), Count);
340 parse::CountIsName(s) => {
341 self.verify_arg_type(Named(s), Count);
346 fn describe_num_args(&self) -> Cow<'_, str> {
347 match self.args.len() {
348 0 => "no arguments were given".into(),
349 1 => "there is 1 argument".into(),
350 x => format!("there are {} arguments", x).into(),
354 /// Handle invalid references to positional arguments. Output different
355 /// errors for the case where all arguments are positional and for when
356 /// there are named arguments or numbered positional arguments in the
358 fn report_invalid_references(&self, numbered_position_args: bool) {
360 let sp = if !self.arg_spans.is_empty() {
361 // Point at the formatting arguments.
362 MultiSpan::from_spans(self.arg_spans.clone())
364 MultiSpan::from_span(self.fmtsp)
367 self.invalid_refs.iter().map(|(r, pos)| (r.to_string(), self.arg_spans.get(*pos)));
369 let mut zero_based_note = false;
371 let count = self.pieces.len()
372 + self.arg_with_formatting.iter().filter(|fmt| fmt.precision_span.is_some()).count();
373 if self.names.is_empty() && !numbered_position_args && count != self.args.len() {
374 e = self.ecx.struct_span_err(
377 "{} positional argument{} in format string, but {}",
380 self.describe_num_args(),
383 for arg in &self.args {
384 // Point at the arguments that will be formatted.
385 e.span_label(arg.span, "");
388 let (mut refs, spans): (Vec<_>, Vec<_>) = refs.unzip();
389 // Avoid `invalid reference to positional arguments 7 and 7 (there is 1 argument)`
390 // for `println!("{7:7$}", 1);`
393 let spans: Vec<_> = spans.into_iter().filter_map(|sp| sp.copied()).collect();
394 let sp = if self.arg_spans.is_empty() || spans.is_empty() {
395 MultiSpan::from_span(self.fmtsp)
397 MultiSpan::from_spans(spans)
399 let arg_list = if refs.len() == 1 {
400 format!("argument {}", refs[0])
402 let reg = refs.pop().unwrap();
403 format!("arguments {head} and {tail}", head = refs.join(", "), tail = reg)
406 e = self.ecx.struct_span_err(
409 "invalid reference to positional {} ({})",
411 self.describe_num_args()
414 zero_based_note = true;
417 for fmt in &self.arg_with_formatting {
418 if let Some(span) = fmt.precision_span {
419 let span = self.fmtsp.from_inner(span);
420 match fmt.precision {
421 parse::CountIsParam(pos) if pos > self.args.len() => {
425 "this precision flag expects an `usize` argument at position {}, \
428 self.describe_num_args(),
431 zero_based_note = true;
433 parse::CountIsParam(pos) => {
434 let count = self.pieces.len()
438 .filter(|fmt| fmt.precision_span.is_some())
440 e.span_label(span, &format!(
441 "this precision flag adds an extra required argument at position {}, \
442 which is why there {} expected",
445 "is 1 argument".to_string()
447 format!("are {} arguments", count)
450 if let Some(arg) = self.args.get(pos) {
453 "this parameter corresponds to the precision flag",
456 zero_based_note = true;
461 if let Some(span) = fmt.width_span {
462 let span = self.fmtsp.from_inner(span);
464 parse::CountIsParam(pos) if pos > self.args.len() => {
468 "this width flag expects an `usize` argument at position {}, \
471 self.describe_num_args(),
474 zero_based_note = true;
481 e.note("positional arguments are zero-based");
483 if !self.arg_with_formatting.is_empty() {
485 "for information about formatting flags, visit \
486 https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/fmt/index.html",
493 /// Actually verifies and tracks a given format placeholder
494 /// (a.k.a. argument).
495 fn verify_arg_type(&mut self, arg: Position, ty: ArgumentType) {
498 if self.args.len() <= arg {
499 self.invalid_refs.push((arg, self.curpiece));
504 // record every (position, type) combination only once
505 let seen_ty = &mut self.arg_unique_types[arg];
506 let i = seen_ty.iter().position(|x| *x == ty).unwrap_or_else(|| {
507 let i = seen_ty.len();
511 self.arg_types[arg].push(i);
514 if let Entry::Vacant(e) = self.count_positions.entry(arg) {
515 let i = self.count_positions_count;
517 self.count_args.push(Exact(arg));
518 self.count_positions_count += 1;
525 match self.names.get(&name) {
527 // Treat as positional arg.
528 self.verify_arg_type(Exact(idx), ty)
531 let capture_feature_enabled = self
535 .map_or(false, |features| features.format_args_capture);
537 // For the moment capturing variables from format strings expanded from macros is
538 // disabled (see RFC #2795)
539 let can_capture = capture_feature_enabled && self.is_literal;
542 // Treat this name as a variable to capture from the surrounding scope
543 let idx = self.args.len();
544 self.arg_types.push(Vec::new());
545 self.arg_unique_types.push(Vec::new());
546 let span = if self.is_literal {
547 *self.arg_spans.get(self.curpiece).unwrap_or(&self.fmtsp)
551 self.args.push(self.ecx.expr_ident(span, Ident::new(name, span)));
552 self.names.insert(name, idx);
553 self.verify_arg_type(Exact(idx), ty)
555 let msg = format!("there is no argument named `{}`", name);
556 let sp = if self.is_literal {
557 *self.arg_spans.get(self.curpiece).unwrap_or(&self.fmtsp)
561 let mut err = self.ecx.struct_span_err(sp, &msg[..]);
563 if capture_feature_enabled && !self.is_literal {
565 "did you intend to capture a variable `{}` from \
566 the surrounding scope?",
570 "to avoid ambiguity, `format_args!` cannot capture variables \
571 when the format string is expanded from a macro",
573 } else if self.ecx.parse_sess().unstable_features.is_nightly_build() {
575 "if you intended to capture `{}` from the surrounding scope, add \
576 `#![feature(format_args_capture)]` to the crate attributes",
589 /// Builds the mapping between format placeholders and argument objects.
590 fn build_index_map(&mut self) {
591 // NOTE: Keep the ordering the same as `into_expr`'s expansion would do!
592 let args_len = self.args.len();
593 self.arg_index_map.reserve(args_len);
595 let mut sofar = 0usize;
598 for i in 0..args_len {
599 let arg_types = &self.arg_types[i];
600 let arg_offsets = arg_types.iter().map(|offset| sofar + *offset).collect::<Vec<_>>();
601 self.arg_index_map.push(arg_offsets);
602 sofar += self.arg_unique_types[i].len();
605 // Record starting index for counts, which appear just after arguments
606 self.count_args_index_offset = sofar;
609 fn rtpath(ecx: &ExtCtxt<'_>, s: Symbol) -> Vec<Ident> {
610 ecx.std_path(&[sym::fmt, sym::rt, sym::v1, s])
613 fn build_count(&self, c: parse::Count) -> P<ast::Expr> {
615 let count = |c, arg| {
616 let mut path = Context::rtpath(self.ecx, sym::Count);
617 path.push(Ident::new(c, sp));
619 Some(arg) => self.ecx.expr_call_global(sp, path, vec![arg]),
620 None => self.ecx.expr_path(self.ecx.path_global(sp, path)),
624 parse::CountIs(i) => count(sym::Is, Some(self.ecx.expr_usize(sp, i))),
625 parse::CountIsParam(i) => {
626 // This needs mapping too, as `i` is referring to a macro
627 // argument. If `i` is not found in `count_positions` then
628 // the error had already been emitted elsewhere.
629 let i = self.count_positions.get(&i).cloned().unwrap_or(0)
630 + self.count_args_index_offset;
631 count(sym::Param, Some(self.ecx.expr_usize(sp, i)))
633 parse::CountImplied => count(sym::Implied, None),
634 // should never be the case, names are already resolved
635 parse::CountIsName(_) => panic!("should never happen"),
639 /// Build a literal expression from the accumulated string literals
640 fn build_literal_string(&mut self) -> P<ast::Expr> {
642 let s = Symbol::intern(&self.literal);
643 self.literal.clear();
644 self.ecx.expr_str(sp, s)
647 /// Builds a static `rt::Argument` from a `parse::Piece` or append
648 /// to the `literal` string.
651 piece: &parse::Piece<'a>,
652 arg_index_consumed: &mut Vec<usize>,
653 ) -> Option<P<ast::Expr>> {
656 parse::String(s) => {
657 self.literal.push_str(s);
660 parse::NextArgument(ref arg) => {
661 // Build the position
664 parse::ArgumentIs(i) | parse::ArgumentImplicitlyIs(i) => {
665 // Map to index in final generated argument array
666 // in case of multiple types specified
667 let arg_idx = match arg_index_consumed.get_mut(i) {
668 None => 0, // error already emitted elsewhere
670 let idx_map = &self.arg_index_map[i];
671 // unwrap_or branch: error already emitted elsewhere
672 let arg_idx = *idx_map.get(*offset).unwrap_or(&0);
677 self.ecx.expr_usize(sp, arg_idx)
680 // should never be the case, because names are already
682 parse::ArgumentNamed(_) => panic!("should never happen"),
686 let simple_arg = parse::Argument {
688 // We don't have ArgumentNext any more, so we have to
689 // track the current argument ourselves.
694 format: parse::FormatSpec {
695 fill: arg.format.fill,
696 align: parse::AlignUnknown,
698 precision: parse::CountImplied,
699 precision_span: None,
700 width: parse::CountImplied,
703 ty_span: arg.format.ty_span,
707 let fill = arg.format.fill.unwrap_or(' ');
709 let pos_simple = arg.position.index() == simple_arg.position.index();
711 if arg.format.precision_span.is_some() || arg.format.width_span.is_some() {
712 self.arg_with_formatting.push(arg.format);
714 if !pos_simple || arg.format != simple_arg.format || fill != ' ' {
715 self.all_pieces_simple = false;
719 let fill = self.ecx.expr_lit(sp, ast::LitKind::Char(fill));
721 let mut p = Context::rtpath(self.ecx, sym::Alignment);
722 p.push(Ident::new(name, sp));
723 self.ecx.path_global(sp, p)
725 let align = match arg.format.align {
726 parse::AlignLeft => align(sym::Left),
727 parse::AlignRight => align(sym::Right),
728 parse::AlignCenter => align(sym::Center),
729 parse::AlignUnknown => align(sym::Unknown),
731 let align = self.ecx.expr_path(align);
732 let flags = self.ecx.expr_u32(sp, arg.format.flags);
733 let prec = self.build_count(arg.format.precision);
734 let width = self.build_count(arg.format.width);
735 let path = self.ecx.path_global(sp, Context::rtpath(self.ecx, sym::FormatSpec));
736 let fmt = self.ecx.expr_struct(
740 self.ecx.field_imm(sp, Ident::new(sym::fill, sp), fill),
741 self.ecx.field_imm(sp, Ident::new(sym::align, sp), align),
742 self.ecx.field_imm(sp, Ident::new(sym::flags, sp), flags),
743 self.ecx.field_imm(sp, Ident::new(sym::precision, sp), prec),
744 self.ecx.field_imm(sp, Ident::new(sym::width, sp), width),
748 let path = self.ecx.path_global(sp, Context::rtpath(self.ecx, sym::Argument));
749 Some(self.ecx.expr_struct(
753 self.ecx.field_imm(sp, Ident::new(sym::position, sp), pos),
754 self.ecx.field_imm(sp, Ident::new(sym::format, sp), fmt),
761 /// Actually builds the expression which the format_args! block will be
763 fn into_expr(self) -> P<ast::Expr> {
765 Vec::with_capacity((0..self.args.len()).map(|i| self.arg_unique_types[i].len()).sum());
766 let mut counts = Vec::with_capacity(self.count_args.len());
767 let mut pats = Vec::with_capacity(self.args.len());
768 let mut heads = Vec::with_capacity(self.args.len());
770 let names_pos: Vec<_> = (0..self.args.len())
771 .map(|i| Ident::from_str_and_span(&format!("arg{}", i), self.macsp))
774 // First, build up the static array which will become our precompiled
776 let pieces = self.ecx.expr_vec_slice(self.fmtsp, self.str_pieces);
778 // Before consuming the expressions, we have to remember spans for
779 // count arguments as they are now generated separate from other
780 // arguments, hence have no access to the `P<ast::Expr>`'s.
781 let spans_pos: Vec<_> = self.args.iter().map(|e| e.span).collect();
783 // Right now there is a bug such that for the expression:
785 // the lifetime of `1` doesn't outlast the call to `bar`, so it's not
786 // valid for the call to `foo`. To work around this all arguments to the
787 // format! string are shoved into locals. Furthermore, we shove the address
788 // of each variable because we don't want to move out of the arguments
789 // passed to this function.
790 for (i, e) in self.args.into_iter().enumerate() {
791 let name = names_pos[i];
792 let span = self.ecx.with_def_site_ctxt(e.span);
793 pats.push(self.ecx.pat_ident(span, name));
794 for arg_ty in self.arg_unique_types[i].iter() {
795 locals.push(Context::format_arg(self.ecx, self.macsp, e.span, arg_ty, name));
797 heads.push(self.ecx.expr_addr_of(e.span, e));
799 for pos in self.count_args {
800 let index = match pos {
802 _ => panic!("should never happen"),
804 let name = names_pos[index];
805 let span = spans_pos[index];
806 counts.push(Context::format_arg(self.ecx, self.macsp, span, &Count, name));
809 // Now create a vector containing all the arguments
810 let args = locals.into_iter().chain(counts.into_iter());
812 let args_array = self.ecx.expr_vec(self.macsp, args.collect());
814 // Constructs an AST equivalent to:
816 // match (&arg0, &arg1) {
817 // (tmp0, tmp1) => args_array
826 // Because of #11585 the new temporary lifetime rule, the enclosing
827 // statements for these temporaries become the let's themselves.
828 // If one or more of them are RefCell's, RefCell borrow() will also
829 // end there; they don't last long enough for args_array to use them.
830 // The match expression solves the scope problem.
832 // Note, it may also very well be transformed to:
837 // ref tmp1 => args_array } } }
839 // But the nested match expression is proved to perform not as well
840 // as series of let's; the first approach does.
842 let pat = self.ecx.pat_tuple(self.macsp, pats);
843 let arm = self.ecx.arm(self.macsp, pat, args_array);
844 let head = self.ecx.expr(self.macsp, ast::ExprKind::Tup(heads));
845 self.ecx.expr_match(self.macsp, head, vec![arm])
848 let ident = Ident::from_str_and_span("args", self.macsp);
849 let args_slice = self.ecx.expr_ident(self.macsp, ident);
851 // Now create the fmt::Arguments struct with all our locals we created.
852 let (fn_name, fn_args) = if self.all_pieces_simple {
853 ("new_v1", vec![pieces, args_slice])
855 // Build up the static array which will store our precompiled
856 // nonstandard placeholders, if there are any.
857 let fmt = self.ecx.expr_vec_slice(self.macsp, self.pieces);
859 ("new_v1_formatted", vec![pieces, args_slice, fmt])
862 let path = self.ecx.std_path(&[sym::fmt, sym::Arguments, Symbol::intern(fn_name)]);
863 let arguments = self.ecx.expr_call_global(self.macsp, path, fn_args);
864 let body = self.ecx.expr_block(P(ast::Block {
865 stmts: vec![self.ecx.stmt_expr(arguments)],
866 id: ast::DUMMY_NODE_ID,
867 rules: BlockCheckMode::Unsafe(UnsafeSource::CompilerGenerated),
872 let ident = Ident::from_str_and_span("args", self.macsp);
873 let binding_mode = ast::BindingMode::ByRef(ast::Mutability::Not);
874 let pat = self.ecx.pat_ident_binding_mode(self.macsp, ident, binding_mode);
875 let arm = self.ecx.arm(self.macsp, pat, body);
876 self.ecx.expr_match(self.macsp, args_match, vec![arm])
886 sp = ecx.with_def_site_ctxt(sp);
887 let arg = ecx.expr_ident(sp, arg);
888 let trait_ = match *ty {
889 Placeholder(trait_) if trait_ == "<invalid>" => return DummyResult::raw_expr(sp, true),
890 Placeholder(trait_) => trait_,
892 let path = ecx.std_path(&[sym::fmt, sym::ArgumentV1, sym::from_usize]);
893 return ecx.expr_call_global(macsp, path, vec![arg]);
897 let path = ecx.std_path(&[sym::fmt, Symbol::intern(trait_), sym::fmt]);
898 let format_fn = ecx.path_global(sp, path);
899 let path = ecx.std_path(&[sym::fmt, sym::ArgumentV1, sym::new]);
900 ecx.expr_call_global(macsp, path, vec![arg, ecx.expr_path(format_fn)])
904 fn expand_format_args_impl<'cx>(
905 ecx: &'cx mut ExtCtxt<'_>,
909 ) -> Box<dyn base::MacResult + 'cx> {
910 sp = ecx.with_def_site_ctxt(sp);
911 match parse_args(ecx, sp, tts) {
912 Ok((efmt, args, names)) => {
913 MacEager::expr(expand_preparsed_format_args(ecx, sp, efmt, args, names, nl))
922 pub fn expand_format_args<'cx>(
923 ecx: &'cx mut ExtCtxt<'_>,
926 ) -> Box<dyn base::MacResult + 'cx> {
927 expand_format_args_impl(ecx, sp, tts, false)
930 pub fn expand_format_args_nl<'cx>(
931 ecx: &'cx mut ExtCtxt<'_>,
934 ) -> Box<dyn base::MacResult + 'cx> {
935 expand_format_args_impl(ecx, sp, tts, true)
938 /// Take the various parts of `format_args!(efmt, args..., name=names...)`
939 /// and construct the appropriate formatting expression.
940 pub fn expand_preparsed_format_args(
941 ecx: &mut ExtCtxt<'_>,
944 args: Vec<P<ast::Expr>>,
945 names: FxHashMap<Symbol, usize>,
946 append_newline: bool,
948 // NOTE: this verbose way of initializing `Vec<Vec<ArgumentType>>` is because
949 // `ArgumentType` does not derive `Clone`.
950 let arg_types: Vec<_> = (0..args.len()).map(|_| Vec::new()).collect();
951 let arg_unique_types: Vec<_> = (0..args.len()).map(|_| Vec::new()).collect();
953 let mut macsp = ecx.call_site();
954 macsp = ecx.with_def_site_ctxt(macsp);
956 let msg = "format argument must be a string literal";
957 let fmt_sp = efmt.span;
958 let efmt_kind_is_lit: bool = matches!(efmt.kind, ast::ExprKind::Lit(_));
959 let (fmt_str, fmt_style, fmt_span) = match expr_to_spanned_string(ecx, efmt, msg) {
960 Ok(mut fmt) if append_newline => {
961 fmt.0 = Symbol::intern(&format!("{}\n", fmt.0));
966 if let Some(mut err) = err {
967 let sugg_fmt = match args.len() {
968 0 => "{}".to_string(),
969 _ => format!("{}{{}}", "{} ".repeat(args.len())),
972 fmt_sp.shrink_to_lo(),
973 "you might be missing a string literal to format with",
974 format!("\"{}\", ", sugg_fmt),
975 Applicability::MaybeIncorrect,
979 return DummyResult::raw_expr(sp, true);
983 let str_style = match fmt_style {
984 ast::StrStyle::Cooked => None,
985 ast::StrStyle::Raw(raw) => Some(raw as usize),
988 let fmt_str = &fmt_str.as_str(); // for the suggestions below
989 let fmt_snippet = ecx.source_map().span_to_snippet(fmt_sp).ok();
990 let mut parser = parse::Parser::new(
995 parse::ParseMode::Format,
998 let mut unverified_pieces = Vec::new();
999 while let Some(piece) = parser.next() {
1000 if !parser.errors.is_empty() {
1003 unverified_pieces.push(piece);
1007 if !parser.errors.is_empty() {
1008 let err = parser.errors.remove(0);
1009 let sp = if efmt_kind_is_lit {
1010 fmt_span.from_inner(err.span)
1012 // The format string could be another macro invocation, e.g.:
1013 // format!(concat!("abc", "{}"), 4);
1014 // However, `err.span` is an inner span relative to the *result* of
1015 // the macro invocation, which is why we would get a nonsensical
1016 // result calling `fmt_span.from_inner(err.span)` as above, and
1017 // might even end up inside a multibyte character (issue #86085).
1018 // Therefore, we conservatively report the error for the entire
1019 // argument span here.
1022 let mut e = ecx.struct_span_err(sp, &format!("invalid format string: {}", err.description));
1023 e.span_label(sp, err.label + " in format string");
1024 if let Some(note) = err.note {
1027 if let Some((label, span)) = err.secondary_label {
1028 let sp = fmt_span.from_inner(span);
1029 e.span_label(sp, label);
1032 return DummyResult::raw_expr(sp, true);
1035 let arg_spans = parser.arg_places.iter().map(|span| fmt_span.from_inner(*span)).collect();
1037 let named_pos: FxHashSet<usize> = names.values().cloned().collect();
1039 let mut cx = Context {
1047 arg_index_map: Vec::new(),
1048 count_args: Vec::new(),
1049 count_positions: FxHashMap::default(),
1050 count_positions_count: 0,
1051 count_args_index_offset: 0,
1052 literal: String::new(),
1053 pieces: Vec::with_capacity(unverified_pieces.len()),
1054 str_pieces: Vec::with_capacity(unverified_pieces.len()),
1055 all_pieces_simple: true,
1058 invalid_refs: Vec::new(),
1060 arg_with_formatting: Vec::new(),
1061 is_literal: parser.is_literal,
1064 // This needs to happen *after* the Parser has consumed all pieces to create all the spans
1065 let pieces = unverified_pieces
1068 cx.verify_piece(&piece);
1069 cx.resolve_name_inplace(&mut piece);
1072 .collect::<Vec<_>>();
1074 let numbered_position_args = pieces.iter().any(|arg: &parse::Piece<'_>| match *arg {
1075 parse::String(_) => false,
1076 parse::NextArgument(arg) => matches!(arg.position, parse::Position::ArgumentIs(_)),
1079 cx.build_index_map();
1081 let mut arg_index_consumed = vec![0usize; cx.arg_index_map.len()];
1083 for piece in pieces {
1084 if let Some(piece) = cx.build_piece(&piece, &mut arg_index_consumed) {
1085 let s = cx.build_literal_string();
1086 cx.str_pieces.push(s);
1087 cx.pieces.push(piece);
1091 if !cx.literal.is_empty() {
1092 let s = cx.build_literal_string();
1093 cx.str_pieces.push(s);
1096 if !cx.invalid_refs.is_empty() {
1097 cx.report_invalid_references(numbered_position_args);
1100 // Make sure that all arguments were used and all arguments have types.
1105 .filter(|(i, ty)| ty.is_empty() && !cx.count_positions.contains_key(&i))
1107 let msg = if named_pos.contains(&i) {
1109 "named argument never used"
1111 // positional argument
1112 "argument never used"
1114 (cx.args[i].span, msg)
1116 .collect::<Vec<_>>();
1118 let errs_len = errs.len();
1119 if !errs.is_empty() {
1120 let args_used = cx.arg_types.len() - errs_len;
1121 let args_unused = errs_len;
1124 if let [(sp, msg)] = &errs[..] {
1125 let mut diag = cx.ecx.struct_span_err(*sp, *msg);
1126 diag.span_label(*sp, *msg);
1129 let mut diag = cx.ecx.struct_span_err(
1130 errs.iter().map(|&(sp, _)| sp).collect::<Vec<Span>>(),
1131 "multiple unused formatting arguments",
1133 diag.span_label(cx.fmtsp, "multiple missing formatting specifiers");
1134 for (sp, msg) in errs {
1135 diag.span_label(sp, msg);
1141 // Used to ensure we only report translations for *one* kind of foreign format.
1142 let mut found_foreign = false;
1143 // Decide if we want to look for foreign formatting directives.
1144 if args_used < args_unused {
1145 use super::format_foreign as foreign;
1147 // The set of foreign substitutions we've explained. This prevents spamming the user
1148 // with `%d should be written as {}` over and over again.
1149 let mut explained = FxHashSet::default();
1151 macro_rules! check_foreign {
1153 let mut show_doc_note = false;
1155 let mut suggestions = vec![];
1156 // account for `"` and account for raw strings `r#`
1157 let padding = str_style.map(|i| i + 2).unwrap_or(1);
1158 for sub in foreign::$kind::iter_subs(fmt_str, padding) {
1159 let trn = match sub.translate() {
1162 // If it has no translation, don't call it out specifically.
1166 let pos = sub.position();
1167 let sub = String::from(sub.as_str());
1168 if explained.contains(&sub) {
1171 explained.insert(sub.clone());
1174 found_foreign = true;
1175 show_doc_note = true;
1178 if let Some(inner_sp) = pos {
1179 let sp = fmt_sp.from_inner(inner_sp);
1180 suggestions.push((sp, trn));
1182 diag.help(&format!("`{}` should be written as `{}`", sub, trn));
1189 " formatting not supported; see the documentation for `std::fmt`",
1192 if suggestions.len() > 0 {
1193 diag.multipart_suggestion(
1194 "format specifiers use curly braces",
1196 Applicability::MachineApplicable,
1202 check_foreign!(printf);
1204 check_foreign!(shell);
1207 if !found_foreign && errs_len == 1 {
1208 diag.span_label(cx.fmtsp, "formatting specifier missing");