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[rust.git] / clippy_lints / src / returns.rs
1 use if_chain::if_chain;
2 use rustc::lint::{in_external_macro, EarlyContext, EarlyLintPass, LintArray, LintContext, LintPass};
3 use rustc::{declare_lint_pass, declare_tool_lint};
4 use rustc_errors::Applicability;
5 use syntax::ast;
6 use syntax::source_map::Span;
7 use syntax::visit::FnKind;
8 use syntax_pos::BytePos;
9
10 use crate::utils::{in_macro_or_desugar, match_path_ast, snippet_opt, span_lint_and_then};
11
12 declare_clippy_lint! {
13     /// **What it does:** Checks for return statements at the end of a block.
14     ///
15     /// **Why is this bad?** Removing the `return` and semicolon will make the code
16     /// more rusty.
17     ///
18     /// **Known problems:** If the computation returning the value borrows a local
19     /// variable, removing the `return` may run afoul of the borrow checker.
20     ///
21     /// **Example:**
22     /// ```rust
23     /// fn foo(x: usize) -> usize {
24     ///     return x;
25     /// }
26     /// ```
27     /// simplify to
28     /// ```rust
29     /// fn foo(x: usize) -> usize {
30     ///     x
31     /// }
32     /// ```
33     pub NEEDLESS_RETURN,
34     style,
35     "using a return statement like `return expr;` where an expression would suffice"
36 }
37
38 declare_clippy_lint! {
39     /// **What it does:** Checks for `let`-bindings, which are subsequently
40     /// returned.
41     ///
42     /// **Why is this bad?** It is just extraneous code. Remove it to make your code
43     /// more rusty.
44     ///
45     /// **Known problems:** None.
46     ///
47     /// **Example:**
48     /// ```rust
49     /// fn foo() -> String {
50     ///     let x = String::new();
51     ///     x
52     /// }
53     /// ```
54     /// instead, use
55     /// ```
56     /// fn foo() -> String {
57     ///     String::new()
58     /// }
59     /// ```
60     pub LET_AND_RETURN,
61     style,
62     "creating a let-binding and then immediately returning it like `let x = expr; x` at the end of a block"
63 }
64
65 declare_clippy_lint! {
66     /// **What it does:** Checks for unit (`()`) expressions that can be removed.
67     ///
68     /// **Why is this bad?** Such expressions add no value, but can make the code
69     /// less readable. Depending on formatting they can make a `break` or `return`
70     /// statement look like a function call.
71     ///
72     /// **Known problems:** The lint currently misses unit return types in types,
73     /// e.g., the `F` in `fn generic_unit<F: Fn() -> ()>(f: F) { .. }`.
74     ///
75     /// **Example:**
76     /// ```rust
77     /// fn return_unit() -> () {
78     ///     ()
79     /// }
80     /// ```
81     pub UNUSED_UNIT,
82     style,
83     "needless unit expression"
84 }
85
86 declare_lint_pass!(Return => [NEEDLESS_RETURN, LET_AND_RETURN, UNUSED_UNIT]);
87
88 impl Return {
89     // Check the final stmt or expr in a block for unnecessary return.
90     fn check_block_return(&mut self, cx: &EarlyContext<'_>, block: &ast::Block) {
91         if let Some(stmt) = block.stmts.last() {
92             match stmt.node {
93                 ast::StmtKind::Expr(ref expr) | ast::StmtKind::Semi(ref expr) => {
94                     self.check_final_expr(cx, expr, Some(stmt.span));
95                 },
96                 _ => (),
97             }
98         }
99     }
100
101     // Check a the final expression in a block if it's a return.
102     fn check_final_expr(&mut self, cx: &EarlyContext<'_>, expr: &ast::Expr, span: Option<Span>) {
103         match expr.node {
104             // simple return is always "bad"
105             ast::ExprKind::Ret(Some(ref inner)) => {
106                 // allow `#[cfg(a)] return a; #[cfg(b)] return b;`
107                 if !expr.attrs.iter().any(attr_is_cfg) {
108                     self.emit_return_lint(cx, span.expect("`else return` is not possible"), inner.span);
109                 }
110             },
111             // a whole block? check it!
112             ast::ExprKind::Block(ref block, _) => {
113                 self.check_block_return(cx, block);
114             },
115             // an if/if let expr, check both exprs
116             // note, if without else is going to be a type checking error anyways
117             // (except for unit type functions) so we don't match it
118             ast::ExprKind::If(_, ref ifblock, Some(ref elsexpr)) => {
119                 self.check_block_return(cx, ifblock);
120                 self.check_final_expr(cx, elsexpr, None);
121             },
122             // a match expr, check all arms
123             ast::ExprKind::Match(_, ref arms) => {
124                 for arm in arms {
125                     self.check_final_expr(cx, &arm.body, Some(arm.body.span));
126                 }
127             },
128             _ => (),
129         }
130     }
131
132     fn emit_return_lint(&mut self, cx: &EarlyContext<'_>, ret_span: Span, inner_span: Span) {
133         if in_external_macro(cx.sess(), inner_span) || in_macro_or_desugar(inner_span) {
134             return;
135         }
136         span_lint_and_then(cx, NEEDLESS_RETURN, ret_span, "unneeded return statement", |db| {
137             if let Some(snippet) = snippet_opt(cx, inner_span) {
138                 db.span_suggestion(
139                     ret_span,
140                     "remove `return` as shown",
141                     snippet,
142                     Applicability::MachineApplicable,
143                 );
144             }
145         });
146     }
147
148     // Check for "let x = EXPR; x"
149     fn check_let_return(&mut self, cx: &EarlyContext<'_>, block: &ast::Block) {
150         let mut it = block.stmts.iter();
151
152         // we need both a let-binding stmt and an expr
153         if_chain! {
154             if let Some(retexpr) = it.next_back();
155             if let ast::StmtKind::Expr(ref retexpr) = retexpr.node;
156             if let Some(stmt) = it.next_back();
157             if let ast::StmtKind::Local(ref local) = stmt.node;
158             // don't lint in the presence of type inference
159             if local.ty.is_none();
160             if local.attrs.is_empty();
161             if let Some(ref initexpr) = local.init;
162             if let ast::PatKind::Ident(_, ident, _) = local.pat.node;
163             if let ast::ExprKind::Path(_, ref path) = retexpr.node;
164             if match_path_ast(path, &[&*ident.name.as_str()]);
165             if !in_external_macro(cx.sess(), initexpr.span);
166             then {
167                 span_lint_and_then(
168                     cx,
169                     LET_AND_RETURN,
170                     retexpr.span,
171                     "returning the result of a let binding from a block",
172                     |err| {
173                         err.span_label(local.span, "unnecessary let binding");
174
175                         if let Some(snippet) = snippet_opt(cx, initexpr.span) {
176                             err.multipart_suggestion(
177                                 "return the expression directly",
178                                 vec![
179                                     (local.span, String::new()),
180                                     (retexpr.span, snippet),
181                                 ],
182                                 Applicability::MachineApplicable,
183                             );
184                         } else {
185                             err.span_help(initexpr.span, "this expression can be directly returned");
186                         }
187                     },
188                 );
189             }
190         }
191     }
192 }
193
194 impl EarlyLintPass for Return {
195     fn check_fn(&mut self, cx: &EarlyContext<'_>, kind: FnKind<'_>, decl: &ast::FnDecl, span: Span, _: ast::NodeId) {
196         match kind {
197             FnKind::ItemFn(.., block) | FnKind::Method(.., block) => self.check_block_return(cx, block),
198             FnKind::Closure(body) => self.check_final_expr(cx, body, Some(body.span)),
199         }
200         if_chain! {
201             if let ast::FunctionRetTy::Ty(ref ty) = decl.output;
202             if let ast::TyKind::Tup(ref vals) = ty.node;
203             if vals.is_empty() && !in_macro_or_desugar(ty.span) && get_def(span) == get_def(ty.span);
204             then {
205                 let (rspan, appl) = if let Ok(fn_source) =
206                         cx.sess().source_map()
207                                  .span_to_snippet(span.with_hi(ty.span.hi())) {
208                     if let Some(rpos) = fn_source.rfind("->") {
209                         #[allow(clippy::cast_possible_truncation)]
210                         (ty.span.with_lo(BytePos(span.lo().0 + rpos as u32)),
211                             Applicability::MachineApplicable)
212                     } else {
213                         (ty.span, Applicability::MaybeIncorrect)
214                     }
215                 } else {
216                     (ty.span, Applicability::MaybeIncorrect)
217                 };
218                 span_lint_and_then(cx, UNUSED_UNIT, rspan, "unneeded unit return type", |db| {
219                     db.span_suggestion(
220                         rspan,
221                         "remove the `-> ()`",
222                         String::new(),
223                         appl,
224                     );
225                 });
226             }
227         }
228     }
229
230     fn check_block(&mut self, cx: &EarlyContext<'_>, block: &ast::Block) {
231         self.check_let_return(cx, block);
232         if_chain! {
233             if let Some(ref stmt) = block.stmts.last();
234             if let ast::StmtKind::Expr(ref expr) = stmt.node;
235             if is_unit_expr(expr) && !in_macro_or_desugar(expr.span);
236             then {
237                 let sp = expr.span;
238                 span_lint_and_then(cx, UNUSED_UNIT, sp, "unneeded unit expression", |db| {
239                     db.span_suggestion(
240                         sp,
241                         "remove the final `()`",
242                         String::new(),
243                         Applicability::MachineApplicable,
244                     );
245                 });
246             }
247         }
248     }
249
250     fn check_expr(&mut self, cx: &EarlyContext<'_>, e: &ast::Expr) {
251         match e.node {
252             ast::ExprKind::Ret(Some(ref expr)) | ast::ExprKind::Break(_, Some(ref expr)) => {
253                 if is_unit_expr(expr) && !in_macro_or_desugar(expr.span) {
254                     span_lint_and_then(cx, UNUSED_UNIT, expr.span, "unneeded `()`", |db| {
255                         db.span_suggestion(
256                             expr.span,
257                             "remove the `()`",
258                             String::new(),
259                             Applicability::MachineApplicable,
260                         );
261                     });
262                 }
263             },
264             _ => (),
265         }
266     }
267 }
268
269 fn attr_is_cfg(attr: &ast::Attribute) -> bool {
270     attr.meta_item_list().is_some() && attr.check_name(sym!(cfg))
271 }
272
273 // get the def site
274 fn get_def(span: Span) -> Option<Span> {
275     span.ctxt().outer().expn_info().and_then(|info| info.def_site)
276 }
277
278 // is this expr a `()` unit?
279 fn is_unit_expr(expr: &ast::Expr) -> bool {
280     if let ast::ExprKind::Tup(ref vals) = expr.node {
281         vals.is_empty()
282     } else {
283         false
284     }
285 }