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[rust.git] / clippy_lints / src / map_unit_fn.rs
1 use crate::utils::paths;
2 use crate::utils::{in_macro, iter_input_pats, match_type, method_chain_args, snippet, span_lint_and_then};
3 use if_chain::if_chain;
4 use rustc::hir;
5 use rustc::lint::{LateContext, LateLintPass, LintArray, LintPass};
6 use rustc::ty;
7 use rustc::{declare_tool_lint, lint_array};
8 use rustc_errors::Applicability;
9 use syntax::source_map::Span;
10
11 #[derive(Clone)]
12 pub struct Pass;
13
14 /// **What it does:** Checks for usage of `option.map(f)` where f is a function
15 /// or closure that returns the unit type.
16 ///
17 /// **Why is this bad?** Readability, this can be written more clearly with
18 /// an if let statement
19 ///
20 /// **Known problems:** None.
21 ///
22 /// **Example:**
23 ///
24 /// ```rust
25 /// let x: Option<&str> = do_stuff();
26 /// x.map(log_err_msg);
27 /// x.map(|msg| log_err_msg(format_msg(msg)))
28 /// ```
29 ///
30 /// The correct use would be:
31 ///
32 /// ```rust
33 /// let x: Option<&str> = do_stuff();
34 /// if let Some(msg) = x {
35 ///     log_err_msg(msg)
36 /// }
37 /// if let Some(msg) = x {
38 ///     log_err_msg(format_msg(msg))
39 /// }
40 /// ```
41 declare_clippy_lint! {
42     pub OPTION_MAP_UNIT_FN,
43     complexity,
44     "using `option.map(f)`, where f is a function or closure that returns ()"
45 }
46
47 /// **What it does:** Checks for usage of `result.map(f)` where f is a function
48 /// or closure that returns the unit type.
49 ///
50 /// **Why is this bad?** Readability, this can be written more clearly with
51 /// an if let statement
52 ///
53 /// **Known problems:** None.
54 ///
55 /// **Example:**
56 ///
57 /// ```rust
58 /// let x: Result<&str, &str> = do_stuff();
59 /// x.map(log_err_msg);
60 /// x.map(|msg| log_err_msg(format_msg(msg)))
61 /// ```
62 ///
63 /// The correct use would be:
64 ///
65 /// ```rust
66 /// let x: Result<&str, &str> = do_stuff();
67 /// if let Ok(msg) = x {
68 ///     log_err_msg(msg)
69 /// }
70 /// if let Ok(msg) = x {
71 ///     log_err_msg(format_msg(msg))
72 /// }
73 /// ```
74 declare_clippy_lint! {
75     pub RESULT_MAP_UNIT_FN,
76     complexity,
77     "using `result.map(f)`, where f is a function or closure that returns ()"
78 }
79
80 impl LintPass for Pass {
81     fn get_lints(&self) -> LintArray {
82         lint_array!(OPTION_MAP_UNIT_FN, RESULT_MAP_UNIT_FN)
83     }
84
85     fn name(&self) -> &'static str {
86         "MapUnit"
87     }
88 }
89
90 fn is_unit_type(ty: ty::Ty<'_>) -> bool {
91     match ty.sty {
92         ty::Tuple(slice) => slice.is_empty(),
93         ty::Never => true,
94         _ => false,
95     }
96 }
97
98 fn is_unit_function(cx: &LateContext<'_, '_>, expr: &hir::Expr) -> bool {
99     let ty = cx.tables.expr_ty(expr);
100
101     if let ty::FnDef(id, _) = ty.sty {
102         if let Some(fn_type) = cx.tcx.fn_sig(id).no_bound_vars() {
103             return is_unit_type(fn_type.output());
104         }
105     }
106     false
107 }
108
109 fn is_unit_expression(cx: &LateContext<'_, '_>, expr: &hir::Expr) -> bool {
110     is_unit_type(cx.tables.expr_ty(expr))
111 }
112
113 /// The expression inside a closure may or may not have surrounding braces and
114 /// semicolons, which causes problems when generating a suggestion. Given an
115 /// expression that evaluates to '()' or '!', recursively remove useless braces
116 /// and semi-colons until is suitable for including in the suggestion template
117 fn reduce_unit_expression<'a>(cx: &LateContext<'_, '_>, expr: &'a hir::Expr) -> Option<Span> {
118     if !is_unit_expression(cx, expr) {
119         return None;
120     }
121
122     match expr.node {
123         hir::ExprKind::Call(_, _) | hir::ExprKind::MethodCall(_, _, _) => {
124             // Calls can't be reduced any more
125             Some(expr.span)
126         },
127         hir::ExprKind::Block(ref block, _) => {
128             match (&block.stmts[..], block.expr.as_ref()) {
129                 (&[], Some(inner_expr)) => {
130                     // If block only contains an expression,
131                     // reduce `{ X }` to `X`
132                     reduce_unit_expression(cx, inner_expr)
133                 },
134                 (&[ref inner_stmt], None) => {
135                     // If block only contains statements,
136                     // reduce `{ X; }` to `X` or `X;`
137                     match inner_stmt.node {
138                         hir::StmtKind::Local(ref local) => Some(local.span),
139                         hir::StmtKind::Expr(ref e) => Some(e.span),
140                         hir::StmtKind::Semi(..) => Some(inner_stmt.span),
141                         hir::StmtKind::Item(..) => None,
142                     }
143                 },
144                 _ => {
145                     // For closures that contain multiple statements
146                     // it's difficult to get a correct suggestion span
147                     // for all cases (multi-line closures specifically)
148                     //
149                     // We do not attempt to build a suggestion for those right now.
150                     None
151                 },
152             }
153         },
154         _ => None,
155     }
156 }
157
158 fn unit_closure<'a, 'tcx>(cx: &LateContext<'a, 'tcx>, expr: &'a hir::Expr) -> Option<(&'tcx hir::Arg, &'a hir::Expr)> {
159     if let hir::ExprKind::Closure(_, ref decl, inner_expr_id, _, _) = expr.node {
160         let body = cx.tcx.hir().body(inner_expr_id);
161         let body_expr = &body.value;
162
163         if_chain! {
164             if decl.inputs.len() == 1;
165             if is_unit_expression(cx, body_expr);
166             if let Some(binding) = iter_input_pats(&decl, body).next();
167             then {
168                 return Some((binding, body_expr));
169             }
170         }
171     }
172     None
173 }
174
175 /// Builds a name for the let binding variable (`var_arg`)
176 ///
177 /// `x.field` => `x_field`
178 /// `y` => `_y`
179 ///
180 /// Anything else will return `_`.
181 fn let_binding_name(cx: &LateContext<'_, '_>, var_arg: &hir::Expr) -> String {
182     match &var_arg.node {
183         hir::ExprKind::Field(_, _) => snippet(cx, var_arg.span, "_").replace(".", "_"),
184         hir::ExprKind::Path(_) => format!("_{}", snippet(cx, var_arg.span, "")),
185         _ => "_".to_string(),
186     }
187 }
188
189 fn suggestion_msg(function_type: &str, map_type: &str) -> String {
190     format!(
191         "called `map(f)` on an {0} value where `f` is a unit {1}",
192         map_type, function_type
193     )
194 }
195
196 fn lint_map_unit_fn(cx: &LateContext<'_, '_>, stmt: &hir::Stmt, expr: &hir::Expr, map_args: &[hir::Expr]) {
197     let var_arg = &map_args[0];
198
199     let (map_type, variant, lint) = if match_type(cx, cx.tables.expr_ty(var_arg), &paths::OPTION) {
200         ("Option", "Some", OPTION_MAP_UNIT_FN)
201     } else if match_type(cx, cx.tables.expr_ty(var_arg), &paths::RESULT) {
202         ("Result", "Ok", RESULT_MAP_UNIT_FN)
203     } else {
204         return;
205     };
206     let fn_arg = &map_args[1];
207
208     if is_unit_function(cx, fn_arg) {
209         let msg = suggestion_msg("function", map_type);
210         let suggestion = format!(
211             "if let {0}({1}) = {2} {{ {3}(...) }}",
212             variant,
213             let_binding_name(cx, var_arg),
214             snippet(cx, var_arg.span, "_"),
215             snippet(cx, fn_arg.span, "_")
216         );
217
218         span_lint_and_then(cx, lint, expr.span, &msg, |db| {
219             db.span_suggestion(stmt.span, "try this", suggestion, Applicability::Unspecified);
220         });
221     } else if let Some((binding, closure_expr)) = unit_closure(cx, fn_arg) {
222         let msg = suggestion_msg("closure", map_type);
223
224         span_lint_and_then(cx, lint, expr.span, &msg, |db| {
225             if let Some(reduced_expr_span) = reduce_unit_expression(cx, closure_expr) {
226                 let suggestion = format!(
227                     "if let {0}({1}) = {2} {{ {3} }}",
228                     variant,
229                     snippet(cx, binding.pat.span, "_"),
230                     snippet(cx, var_arg.span, "_"),
231                     snippet(cx, reduced_expr_span, "_")
232                 );
233                 db.span_suggestion(
234                     stmt.span,
235                     "try this",
236                     suggestion,
237                     Applicability::MachineApplicable, // snippet
238                 );
239             } else {
240                 let suggestion = format!(
241                     "if let {0}({1}) = {2} {{ ... }}",
242                     variant,
243                     snippet(cx, binding.pat.span, "_"),
244                     snippet(cx, var_arg.span, "_")
245                 );
246                 db.span_suggestion(stmt.span, "try this", suggestion, Applicability::Unspecified);
247             }
248         });
249     }
250 }
251
252 impl<'a, 'tcx> LateLintPass<'a, 'tcx> for Pass {
253     fn check_stmt(&mut self, cx: &LateContext<'_, '_>, stmt: &hir::Stmt) {
254         if in_macro(stmt.span) {
255             return;
256         }
257
258         if let hir::StmtKind::Semi(ref expr) = stmt.node {
259             if let Some(arglists) = method_chain_args(expr, &["map"]) {
260                 lint_map_unit_fn(cx, stmt, expr, arglists[0]);
261             }
262         }
263     }
264 }