1 Version 1.7.0 (2016-03-03)
2 ==========================
9 * [`Path::strip_prefix`][] (renamed from relative_from)
10 * [`path::StripPrefixError`][] (new error type returned from strip_prefix)
12 * [`Ipv4Addr::is_loopback`]
13 * [`Ipv4Addr::is_private`]
14 * [`Ipv4Addr::is_link_local`]
15 * [`Ipv4Addr::is_multicast`]
16 * [`Ipv4Addr::is_broadcast`]
17 * [`Ipv4Addr::is_documentation`]
19 * [`Ipv6Addr::is_unspecified`]
20 * [`Ipv6Addr::is_loopback`]
21 * [`Ipv6Addr::is_multicast`]
24 * [`Vec::as_mut_slice`]
27 * [`String::as_mut_str`]
29 * `<[T]>::`[`clone_from_slice`], which now requires the two slices to
31 * `<[T]>::`[`sort_by_key`]
32 * checked, saturated, and overflowing operations
33 * [`i32::checked_rem`], [`i32::checked_neg`], [`i32::checked_shl`], [`i32::checked_shr`]
34 * [`i32::saturating_mul`]
35 * [`i32::overflowing_add`], [`i32::overflowing_sub`], [`i32::overflowing_mul`], [`i32::overflowing_div`]
36 * [`i32::overflowing_rem`], [`i32::overflowing_neg`], [`i32::overflowing_shl`], [`i32::overflowing_shr`]
37 * [`u32::checked_rem`], [`u32::checked_neg`], [`u32::checked_shl`], [`u32::checked_shl`]
38 * [`u32::saturating_mul`]
39 * [`u32::overflowing_add`], [`u32::overflowing_sub`], [`u32::overflowing_mul`], [`u32::overflowing_div`]
40 * [`u32::overflowing_rem`], [`u32::overflowing_neg`], [`u32::overflowing_shl`], [`u32::overflowing_shr`]
41 * and checked, saturated, and overflowing operations for other primitive types
43 * [`ffi::IntoStringError`]
44 * [`CString::into_string`]
45 * [`CString::into_bytes`]
46 * [`CString::into_bytes_with_nul`]
47 * `From<CString> for Vec<u8>`
49 * [`IntoStringError::into_cstring`]
50 * [`IntoStringError::utf8_error`]
51 * `Error for IntoStringError`
53 * [`std::hash::BuildHasher`]
54 * [`BuildHasher::Hasher`]
55 * [`BuildHasher::build_hasher`]
56 * [`std::hash::BuildHasherDefault`]
57 * [`HashMap::with_hasher`]
58 * [`HashMap::with_capacity_and_hasher`]
59 * [`HashSet::with_hasher`]
60 * [`HashSet::with_capacity_and_hasher`]
61 * [`std::collections::hash_map::RandomState`]
62 * [`RandomState::new`]
63 * [Validating UTF-8 is faster by a factor of between 7 and 14x for
64 ASCII input][1.7utf8]. This means that creating `String`s and `str`s
66 * [The performance of `LineWriter` (and thus `io::stdout`) was
67 improved by using `memchr` to search for newlines][1.7m].
68 * [`f32::to_degrees` and `f32::to_radians` are stable][1.7f]. The
69 `f64` variants were stabilized previously.
70 * [`BTreeMap` was rewritten to use less memory and improve the performance
71 of insertion and iteration, the latter by as much as 5x][1.7bm].
72 * [`BTreeSet` and its iterators, `Iter`, `IntoIter`, and `Range` are
73 covariant over their contained type][1.7bt].
74 * [`LinkedList` and its iterators, `Iter` and `IntoIter` are covariant
75 over their contained type][1.7ll].
76 * [`str::replace` now accepts a `Pattern`][1.7rp], like other string
78 * [`Any` is implemented for unsized types][1.7a].
79 * [`Hash` is implemented for `Duration`][1.7h].
84 * [The `--error-format=json` flag to `rustc` causes it to emit errors
85 in JSON format][1.7j]. This is an unstable flag and so also requires
86 the `-Z unstable-options` flag.
87 * [When running tests with `--test`, rustdoc will pass `--cfg`
88 arguments to the compiler][1.7dt].
89 * [The compiler is built with RPATH information by default][1.7rpa].
90 This means that it will be possible to run `rustc` when installed in
91 unusual configurations without configuring the dynamic linker search
93 * [`rustc` passes `--enable-new-dtags` to GNU ld][1.7dta]. This makes
94 any RPATH entries (emitted with `-C rpath`) *not* take precedence
95 over `LD_LIBRARY_PATH`.
100 * [`cargo rustc` accepts a `--profile` flag that runs `rustc` under
101 any of the compilation profiles, 'dev', 'bench', or 'test'][1.7cp].
102 * [The `rerun-if-changed` build script directive no longer causes the
103 build script to incorrectly run twice in certain scenarios][1.7rr].
108 * Soundness fixes to the interactions between associated types and
109 lifetimes, specified in [RFC 1214], [now generate errors][1.7sf] for
110 code that violates the new rules. This is a significant change that
111 is known to break existing code, so it has emitted warnings for the
112 new error cases since 1.4 to give crate authors time to adapt. The
113 details of what is changing are subtle; read the RFC for more.
114 * [Several bugs in the compiler's visibility calculations were
115 fixed][1.7v]. Since this was found to break significant amounts of
116 code, the new errors will be emitted as warnings for several release
117 cycles, under the `private_in_public` lint.
118 * Defaulted type parameters were accidentally accepted in positions
119 that were not intended. In this release, [defaulted type parameters
120 appearing outside of type definitions will generate a
121 warning][1.7d], which will become an error in future releases.
122 * [Parsing "." as a float results in an error instead of
123 0][1.7p]. That is, `".".parse::<f32>()` returns `Err`, not `Ok(0)`.
124 * [Borrows of closure parameters may not outlive the closure][1.7bc].
126 [1.7a]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/30928
127 [1.7bc]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/30341
128 [1.7bm]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/30426
129 [1.7bt]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/30998
130 [1.7cp]: https://github.com/rust-lang/cargo/pull/2224
131 [1.7d]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/30724
132 [1.7dt]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/30372
133 [1.7dta]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/30394
134 [1.7f]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/30672
135 [1.7h]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/30818
136 [1.7j]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/30711
137 [1.7ll]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/30663
138 [1.7m]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/30381
139 [1.7p]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/30681
140 [1.7rp]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/29498
141 [1.7rpa]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/30353
142 [1.7rr]: https://github.com/rust-lang/cargo/pull/2279
143 [1.7sf]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/30389
144 [1.7utf8]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/30740
145 [1.7v]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/29973
146 [RFC 1214]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/1214-projections-lifetimes-and-wf.md
147 [`BuildHasher::Hasher`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/hash/trait.Hasher.html
148 [`BuildHasher::build_hasher`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/hash/trait.BuildHasher.html#tymethod.build_hasher
149 [`CString::into_bytes_with_nul`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/ffi/struct.CString.html#method.into_bytes_with_nul
150 [`CString::into_bytes`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/ffi/struct.CString.html#method.into_bytes
151 [`CString::into_string`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/ffi/struct.CString.html#method.into_string
152 [`HashMap::with_capacity_and_hasher`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/collections/struct.HashMap.html#method.with_capacity_and_hasher
153 [`HashMap::with_hasher`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/collections/struct.HashMap.html#method.with_hasher
154 [`HashSet::with_capacity_and_hasher`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/collections/struct.HashSet.html#method.with_capacity_and_hasher
155 [`HashSet::with_hasher`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/collections/struct.HashSet.html#method.with_hasher
156 [`IntoStringError::into_cstring`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/ffi/struct.IntoStringError.html#method.into_cstring
157 [`IntoStringError::utf8_error`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/ffi/struct.IntoStringError.html#method.utf8_error
158 [`Ipv4Addr::is_broadcast`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/net/struct.Ipv4Addr.html#method.is_broadcast
159 [`Ipv4Addr::is_documentation`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/net/struct.Ipv4Addr.html#method.is_documentation
160 [`Ipv4Addr::is_link_local`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/net/struct.Ipv4Addr.html#method.is_link_local
161 [`Ipv4Addr::is_loopback`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/net/struct.Ipv4Addr.html#method.is_loopback
162 [`Ipv4Addr::is_multicast`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/net/struct.Ipv4Addr.html#method.is_multicast
163 [`Ipv4Addr::is_private`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/net/struct.Ipv4Addr.html#method.is_private
164 [`Ipv6Addr::is_loopback`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/net/struct.Ipv6Addr.html#method.is_loopback
165 [`Ipv6Addr::is_multicast`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/net/struct.Ipv6Addr.html#method.is_multicast
166 [`Ipv6Addr::is_unspecified`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/net/struct.Ipv6Addr.html#method.is_unspecified
167 [`Path::strip_prefix`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/path/struct.Path.html#method.strip_prefix
168 [`RandomState::new`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/collections/hash_map/struct.RandomState.html#method.new
169 [`String::as_mut_str`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/string/struct.String.html#method.as_mut_str
170 [`String::as_str`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/string/struct.String.html#method.as_str
171 [`Vec::as_mut_slice`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/vec/struct.Vec.html#method.as_mut_slice
172 [`Vec::as_slice`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/vec/struct.Vec.html#method.as_slice
173 [`clone_from_slice`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.slice.html#method.clone_from_slice
174 [`ffi::IntoStringError`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/ffi/struct.IntoStringError.html
175 [`i32::checked_neg`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.i32.html#method.checked_neg
176 [`i32::checked_rem`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.i32.html#method.checked_rem
177 [`i32::checked_shl`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.i32.html#method.checked_shl
178 [`i32::checked_shr`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.i32.html#method.checked_shr
179 [`i32::overflowing_add`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.i32.html#method.overflowing_add
180 [`i32::overflowing_div`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.i32.html#method.overflowing_div
181 [`i32::overflowing_mul`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.i32.html#method.overflowing_mul
182 [`i32::overflowing_neg`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.i32.html#method.overflowing_neg
183 [`i32::overflowing_rem`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.i32.html#method.overflowing_rem
184 [`i32::overflowing_shl`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.i32.html#method.overflowing_shl
185 [`i32::overflowing_shr`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.i32.html#method.overflowing_shr
186 [`i32::overflowing_sub`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.i32.html#method.overflowing_sub
187 [`i32::saturating_mul`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.i32.html#method.saturating_mul
188 [`path::StripPrefixError`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/path/struct.StripPrefixError.html
189 [`sort_by_key`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.slice.html#method.sort_by_key
190 [`std::collections::hash_map::RandomState`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/collections/hash_map/struct.RandomState.html
191 [`std::hash::BuildHasherDefault`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/hash/struct.BuildHasherDefault.html
192 [`std::hash::BuildHasher`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/hash/trait.BuildHasher.html
193 [`u32::checked_neg`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.u32.html#method.checked_neg
194 [`u32::checked_rem`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.u32.html#method.checked_rem
195 [`u32::checked_shl`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.u32.html#method.checked_shl
196 [`u32::overflowing_add`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.u32.html#method.overflowing_add
197 [`u32::overflowing_div`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.u32.html#method.overflowing_div
198 [`u32::overflowing_mul`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.u32.html#method.overflowing_mul
199 [`u32::overflowing_neg`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.u32.html#method.overflowing_neg
200 [`u32::overflowing_rem`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.u32.html#method.overflowing_rem
201 [`u32::overflowing_shl`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.u32.html#method.overflowing_shl
202 [`u32::overflowing_shr`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.u32.html#method.overflowing_shr
203 [`u32::overflowing_sub`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.u32.html#method.overflowing_sub
204 [`u32::saturating_mul`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.u32.html#method.saturating_mul
207 Version 1.6.0 (2016-01-21)
208 ==========================
213 * The `#![no_std]` attribute causes a crate to not be linked to the
214 standard library, but only the [core library][1.6co], as described
215 in [RFC 1184]. The core library defines common types and traits but
216 has no platform dependencies whatsoever, and is the basis for Rust
217 software in environments that cannot support a full port of the
218 standard library, such as operating systems. Most of the core
219 library is now stable.
225 [`Read::read_exact`],
226 [`ErrorKind::UnexpectedEof`][] (renamed from `UnexpectedEOF`),
227 [`fs::DirBuilder`], [`fs::DirBuilder::new`],
228 [`fs::DirBuilder::recursive`], [`fs::DirBuilder::create`],
229 [`os::unix::fs::DirBuilderExt`],
230 [`os::unix::fs::DirBuilderExt::mode`], [`vec::Drain`],
231 [`vec::Vec::drain`], [`string::Drain`], [`string::String::drain`],
232 [`vec_deque::Drain`], [`vec_deque::VecDeque::drain`],
233 [`collections::hash_map::Drain`],
234 [`collections::hash_map::HashMap::drain`],
235 [`collections::hash_set::Drain`],
236 [`collections::hash_set::HashSet::drain`],
237 [`collections::binary_heap::Drain`],
238 [`collections::binary_heap::BinaryHeap::drain`],
239 [`Vec::extend_from_slice`][] (renamed from `push_all`),
240 [`Mutex::get_mut`], [`Mutex::into_inner`], [`RwLock::get_mut`],
241 [`RwLock::into_inner`],
242 [`Iterator::min_by_key`][] (renamed from `min_by`),
243 [`Iterator::max_by_key`][] (renamed from `max_by`).
244 * The [core library][1.6co] is stable, as are most of its APIs.
245 * [The `assert_eq!` macro supports arguments that don't implement
246 `Sized`][1.6ae], such as arrays. In this way it behaves more like
248 * Several timer functions that take duration in milliseconds [are
249 deprecated in favor of those that take `Duration`][1.6ms]. These
250 include `Condvar::wait_timeout_ms`, `thread::sleep_ms`, and
251 `thread::park_timeout_ms`.
252 * The algorithm by which `Vec` reserves additional elements was
253 [tweaked to not allocate excessive space][1.6a] while still growing
255 * `From` conversions are [implemented from integers to floats][1.6f]
256 in cases where the conversion is lossless. Thus they are not
257 implemented for 32-bit ints to `f32`, nor for 64-bit ints to `f32`
258 or `f64`. They are also not implemented for `isize` and `usize`
259 because the implementations would be platform-specific. `From` is
260 also implemented from `f32` to `f64`.
261 * `From<&Path>` and `From<PathBuf>` are implemented for `Cow<Path>`.
262 * `From<T>` is implemented for `Box<T>`, `Rc<T>` and `Arc<T>`.
263 * `IntoIterator` is implemented for `&PathBuf` and `&Path`.
264 * [`BinaryHeap` was refactored][1.6bh] for modest performance
266 * Sorting slices that are already sorted [is 50% faster in some
272 * Cargo will look in `$CARGO_HOME/bin` for subcommands [by default][1.6c].
273 * Cargo build scripts can specify their dependencies by emitting the
274 [`rerun-if-changed`][1.6rr] key.
275 * crates.io will reject publication of crates with dependencies that
276 have a wildcard version constraint. Crates with wildcard
277 dependencies were seen to cause a variety of problems, as described
278 in [RFC 1241]. Since 1.5 publication of such crates has emitted a
280 * `cargo clean` [accepts a `--release` flag][1.6cc] to clean the
281 release folder. A variety of artifacts that Cargo failed to clean
282 are now correctly deleted.
287 * The `unreachable_code` lint [warns when a function call's argument
289 * The parser indicates [failures that may be caused by
290 confusingly-similar Unicode characters][1.6uc]
291 * Certain macro errors [are reported at definition time][1.6m], not
297 * The compiler no longer makes use of the [`RUST_PATH`][1.6rp]
298 environment variable when locating crates. This was a pre-cargo
299 feature for integrating with the package manager that was
300 accidentally never removed.
301 * [A number of bugs were fixed in the privacy checker][1.6p] that
302 could cause previously-accepted code to break.
303 * [Modules and unit/tuple structs may not share the same name][1.6ts].
304 * [Bugs in pattern matching unit structs were fixed][1.6us]. The tuple
305 struct pattern syntax (`Foo(..)`) can no longer be used to match
306 unit structs. This is a warning now, but will become an error in
307 future releases. Patterns that share the same name as a const are
309 * A bug was fixed that causes [rustc not to apply default type
310 parameters][1.6xc] when resolving certain method implementations of
311 traits defined in other crates.
313 [1.6a]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/29454
314 [1.6ae]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/29770
315 [1.6bh]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/29811
316 [1.6c]: https://github.com/rust-lang/cargo/pull/2192
317 [1.6cc]: https://github.com/rust-lang/cargo/pull/2131
318 [1.6co]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/beta/core/index.html
319 [1.6dv]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/30000
320 [1.6f]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/29129
321 [1.6m]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/29828
322 [1.6ms]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/29604
323 [1.6p]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/29726
324 [1.6rp]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/30034
325 [1.6rr]: https://github.com/rust-lang/cargo/pull/2134
326 [1.6s]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/29675
327 [1.6ts]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/21546
328 [1.6uc]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/29837
329 [1.6us]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/29383
330 [1.6xc]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/30123
331 [RFC 1184]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/1184-stabilize-no_std.md
332 [RFC 1241]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/1241-no-wildcard-deps.md
333 [`ErrorKind::UnexpectedEof`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/io/enum.ErrorKind.html#variant.UnexpectedEof
334 [`Iterator::max_by_key`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/iter/trait.Iterator.html#method.max_by_key
335 [`Iterator::min_by_key`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/iter/trait.Iterator.html#method.min_by_key
336 [`Mutex::get_mut`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html#method.get_mut
337 [`Mutex::into_inner`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html#method.into_inner
338 [`Read::read_exact`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/io/trait.Read.html#method.read_exact
339 [`RwLock::get_mut`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/sync/struct.RwLock.html#method.get_mut
340 [`RwLock::into_inner`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/sync/struct.RwLock.html#method.into_inner
341 [`Vec::extend_from_slice`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/collections/vec/struct.Vec.html#method.extend_from_slice
342 [`collections::binary_heap::BinaryHeap::drain`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/collections/binary_heap/struct.BinaryHeap.html#method.drain
343 [`collections::binary_heap::Drain`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/collections/binary_heap/struct.Drain.html
344 [`collections::hash_map::Drain`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/collections/hash_map/struct.Drain.html
345 [`collections::hash_map::HashMap::drain`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/collections/hash_map/struct.HashMap.html#method.drain
346 [`collections::hash_set::Drain`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/collections/hash_set/struct.Drain.html
347 [`collections::hash_set::HashSet::drain`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/collections/hash_set/struct.HashSet.html#method.drain
348 [`fs::DirBuilder::create`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/fs/struct.DirBuilder.html#method.create
349 [`fs::DirBuilder::new`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/fs/struct.DirBuilder.html#method.new
350 [`fs::DirBuilder::recursive`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/fs/struct.DirBuilder.html#method.recursive
351 [`fs::DirBuilder`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/fs/struct.DirBuilder.html
352 [`os::unix::fs::DirBuilderExt::mode`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/os/unix/fs/trait.DirBuilderExt.html#tymethod.mode
353 [`os::unix::fs::DirBuilderExt`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/os/unix/fs/trait.DirBuilderExt.html
354 [`string::Drain`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/string/struct.Drain.html
355 [`string::String::drain`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/string/struct.String.html#method.drain
356 [`vec::Drain`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/vec/struct.Drain.html
357 [`vec::Vec::drain`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/vec/struct.Vec.html#method.drain
358 [`vec_deque::Drain`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/collections/vec_deque/struct.Drain.html
359 [`vec_deque::VecDeque::drain`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/collections/vec_deque/struct.VecDeque.html#method.drain
362 Version 1.5.0 (2015-12-10)
363 ==========================
365 * ~700 changes, numerous bugfixes
371 [`BinaryHeap::from`], [`BinaryHeap::into_sorted_vec`],
372 [`BinaryHeap::into_vec`], [`Condvar::wait_timeout`],
373 [`FileTypeExt::is_block_device`], [`FileTypeExt::is_char_device`],
374 [`FileTypeExt::is_fifo`], [`FileTypeExt::is_socket`],
375 [`FileTypeExt`], [`Formatter::alternate`], [`Formatter::fill`],
376 [`Formatter::precision`], [`Formatter::sign_aware_zero_pad`],
377 [`Formatter::sign_minus`], [`Formatter::sign_plus`],
378 [`Formatter::width`], [`Iterator::cmp`], [`Iterator::eq`],
379 [`Iterator::ge`], [`Iterator::gt`], [`Iterator::le`],
380 [`Iterator::lt`], [`Iterator::ne`], [`Iterator::partial_cmp`],
381 [`Path::canonicalize`], [`Path::exists`], [`Path::is_dir`],
382 [`Path::is_file`], [`Path::metadata`], [`Path::read_dir`],
383 [`Path::read_link`], [`Path::symlink_metadata`],
384 [`Utf8Error::valid_up_to`], [`Vec::resize`],
385 [`VecDeque::as_mut_slices`], [`VecDeque::as_slices`],
386 [`VecDeque::insert`], [`VecDeque::shrink_to_fit`],
387 [`VecDeque::swap_remove_back`], [`VecDeque::swap_remove_front`],
388 [`slice::split_first_mut`], [`slice::split_first`],
389 [`slice::split_last_mut`], [`slice::split_last`],
390 [`char::from_u32_unchecked`], [`fs::canonicalize`],
391 [`str::MatchIndices`], [`str::RMatchIndices`],
392 [`str::match_indices`], [`str::rmatch_indices`],
393 [`str::slice_mut_unchecked`], [`string::ParseError`].
394 * Rust applications hosted on crates.io can be installed locally to
395 `~/.cargo/bin` with the [`cargo install`] command. Among other
396 things this makes it easier to augment Cargo with new subcommands:
397 when a binary named e.g. `cargo-foo` is found in `$PATH` it can be
398 invoked as `cargo foo`.
399 * Crates with wildcard (`*`) dependencies will [emit warnings when
400 published][1.5w]. In 1.6 it will no longer be possible to publish
401 crates with wildcard dependencies.
406 * The rules determining when a particular lifetime must outlive
407 a particular value (known as '[dropck]') have been [modified
408 to not rely on parametricity][1.5p].
409 * [Implementations of `AsRef` and `AsMut` were added to `Box`, `Rc`,
410 and `Arc`][1.5a]. Because these smart pointer types implement
411 `Deref`, this causes breakage in cases where the interior type
412 contains methods of the same name.
413 * [Correct a bug in Rc/Arc][1.5c] that caused [dropck] to be unaware
414 that they could drop their content. Soundness fix.
415 * All method invocations are [properly checked][1.5wf1] for
416 [well-formedness][1.5wf2]. Soundness fix.
417 * Traits whose supertraits contain `Self` are [not object
418 safe][1.5o]. Soundness fix.
419 * Target specifications support a [`no_default_libraries`][1.5nd]
420 setting that controls whether `-nodefaultlibs` is passed to the
421 linker, and in turn the `is_like_windows` setting no longer affects
422 the `-nodefaultlibs` flag.
423 * `#[derive(Show)]`, long-deprecated, [has been removed][1.5ds].
424 * The `#[inline]` and `#[repr]` attributes [can only appear
425 in valid locations][1.5at].
426 * Native libraries linked from the local crate are [passed to
427 the linker before native libraries from upstream crates][1.5nl].
428 * Two rarely-used attributes, `#[no_debug]` and
429 `#[omit_gdb_pretty_printer_section]` [are feature gated][1.5fg].
430 * Negation of unsigned integers, which has been a warning for
431 several releases, [is now behind a feature gate and will
432 generate errors][1.5nu].
433 * The parser accidentally accepted visibility modifiers on
434 enum variants, a bug [which has been fixed][1.5ev].
435 * [A bug was fixed that allowed `use` statements to import unstable
441 * When evaluating expressions at compile-time that are not
442 compile-time constants (const-evaluating expressions in non-const
443 contexts), incorrect code such as overlong bitshifts and arithmetic
444 overflow will [generate a warning instead of an error][1.5ce],
445 delaying the error until runtime. This will allow the
446 const-evaluator to be expanded in the future backwards-compatibly.
447 * The `improper_ctypes` lint [no longer warns about using `isize` and
448 `usize` in FFI][1.5ict].
453 * `Arc<T>` and `Rc<T>` are [covariant with respect to `T` instead of
455 * `Default` is [implemented for mutable slices][1.5d].
456 * `FromStr` is [implemented for `SockAddrV4` and `SockAddrV6`][1.5s].
457 * There are now `From` conversions [between floating point
458 types][1.5f] where the conversions are lossless.
459 * Thera are now `From` conversions [between integer types][1.5i] where
460 the conversions are lossless.
461 * [`fs::Metadata` implements `Clone`][1.5fs].
462 * The `parse` method [accepts a leading "+" when parsing
464 * [`AsMut` is implemented for `Vec`][1.5am].
465 * The `clone_from` implementations for `String` and `BinaryHeap` [have
466 been optimized][1.5cf] and no longer rely on the default impl.
467 * The `extern "Rust"`, `extern "C"`, `unsafe extern "Rust"` and
468 `unsafe extern "C"` function types now [implement `Clone`,
469 `PartialEq`, `Eq`, `PartialOrd`, `Ord`, `Hash`, `fmt::Pointer`, and
470 `fmt::Debug` for up to 12 arguments][1.5fp].
471 * [Dropping `Vec`s is much faster in unoptimized builds when the
472 element types don't implement `Drop`][1.5dv].
473 * A bug that caused in incorrect behavior when [combining `VecDeque`
474 with zero-sized types][1.5vdz] was resolved.
475 * [`PartialOrd` for slices is faster][1.5po].
480 * [Crate metadata size was reduced by 20%][1.5md].
481 * [Improvements to code generation reduced the size of libcore by 3.3
482 MB and rustc's memory usage by 18MB][1.5m].
483 * [Improvements to deref translation increased performance in
484 unoptimized builds][1.5dr].
485 * Various errors in trait resolution [are deduplicated to only be
486 reported once][1.5te].
487 * Rust has preliminary [support for rumprun kernels][1.5rr].
488 * Rust has preliminary [support for NetBSD on amd64][1.5na].
490 [1.5use]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/28364
491 [1.5po]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/28436
492 [1.5ev]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/28442
493 [1.5nu]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/28468
494 [1.5dr]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/28491
495 [1.5vdz]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/28494
496 [1.5md]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/28521
497 [1.5fg]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/28522
498 [1.5dv]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/28531
499 [1.5na]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/28543
500 [1.5fp]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/28560
501 [1.5rr]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/28593
502 [1.5cf]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/28602
503 [1.5nl]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/28605
504 [1.5te]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/28645
505 [1.5at]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/28650
506 [1.5am]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/28663
507 [1.5m]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/28778
508 [1.5ict]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/28779
509 [1.5a]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/28811
510 [1.5pi]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/28826
511 [1.5ce]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/1229-compile-time-asserts.md
512 [1.5p]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/1238-nonparametric-dropck.md
513 [1.5i]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/28921
514 [1.5fs]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/29021
515 [1.5f]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/29129
516 [1.5ds]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/29148
517 [1.5s]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/29190
518 [1.5d]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/29245
519 [1.5o]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/29259
520 [1.5nd]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/28578
521 [1.5wf2]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/1214-projections-lifetimes-and-wf.md
522 [1.5wf1]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/28669
523 [dropck]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nomicon/dropck.html
524 [1.5c]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/29110
525 [1.5w]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/1241-no-wildcard-deps.md
526 [`cargo install`]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/1200-cargo-install.md
527 [`BinaryHeap::from`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/convert/trait.From.html#method.from
528 [`BinaryHeap::into_sorted_vec`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/collections/struct.BinaryHeap.html#method.into_sorted_vec
529 [`BinaryHeap::into_vec`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/collections/struct.BinaryHeap.html#method.into_vec
530 [`Condvar::wait_timeout`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/sync/struct.Condvar.html#method.wait_timeout
531 [`FileTypeExt::is_block_device`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/os/unix/fs/trait.FileTypeExt.html#tymethod.is_block_device
532 [`FileTypeExt::is_char_device`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/os/unix/fs/trait.FileTypeExt.html#tymethod.is_char_device
533 [`FileTypeExt::is_fifo`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/os/unix/fs/trait.FileTypeExt.html#tymethod.is_fifo
534 [`FileTypeExt::is_socket`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/os/unix/fs/trait.FileTypeExt.html#tymethod.is_socket
535 [`FileTypeExt`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/os/unix/fs/trait.FileTypeExt.html
536 [`Formatter::alternate`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/fmt/struct.Formatter.html#method.alternate
537 [`Formatter::fill`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/fmt/struct.Formatter.html#method.fill
538 [`Formatter::precision`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/fmt/struct.Formatter.html#method.precision
539 [`Formatter::sign_aware_zero_pad`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/fmt/struct.Formatter.html#method.sign_aware_zero_pad
540 [`Formatter::sign_minus`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/fmt/struct.Formatter.html#method.sign_minus
541 [`Formatter::sign_plus`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/fmt/struct.Formatter.html#method.sign_plus
542 [`Formatter::width`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/fmt/struct.Formatter.html#method.width
543 [`Iterator::cmp`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/iter/trait.Iterator.html#method.cmp
544 [`Iterator::eq`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/iter/trait.Iterator.html#method.eq
545 [`Iterator::ge`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/iter/trait.Iterator.html#method.ge
546 [`Iterator::gt`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/iter/trait.Iterator.html#method.gt
547 [`Iterator::le`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/iter/trait.Iterator.html#method.le
548 [`Iterator::lt`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/iter/trait.Iterator.html#method.lt
549 [`Iterator::ne`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/iter/trait.Iterator.html#method.ne
550 [`Iterator::partial_cmp`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/iter/trait.Iterator.html#method.partial_cmp
551 [`Path::canonicalize`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/path/struct.Path.html#method.canonicalize
552 [`Path::exists`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/path/struct.Path.html#method.exists
553 [`Path::is_dir`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/path/struct.Path.html#method.is_dir
554 [`Path::is_file`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/path/struct.Path.html#method.is_file
555 [`Path::metadata`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/path/struct.Path.html#method.metadata
556 [`Path::read_dir`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/path/struct.Path.html#method.read_dir
557 [`Path::read_link`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/path/struct.Path.html#method.read_link
558 [`Path::symlink_metadata`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/path/struct.Path.html#method.symlink_metadata
559 [`Utf8Error::valid_up_to`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/str/struct.Utf8Error.html#method.valid_up_to
560 [`Vec::resize`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/vec/struct.Vec.html#method.resize
561 [`VecDeque::as_mut_slices`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/collections/struct.VecDeque.html#method.as_mut_slices
562 [`VecDeque::as_slices`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/collections/struct.VecDeque.html#method.as_slices
563 [`VecDeque::insert`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/collections/struct.VecDeque.html#method.insert
564 [`VecDeque::shrink_to_fit`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/collections/struct.VecDeque.html#method.shrink_to_fit
565 [`VecDeque::swap_remove_back`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/collections/struct.VecDeque.html#method.swap_remove_back
566 [`VecDeque::swap_remove_front`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/collections/struct.VecDeque.html#method.swap_remove_front
567 [`slice::split_first_mut`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.slice.html#method.split_first_mut
568 [`slice::split_first`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.slice.html#method.split_first
569 [`slice::split_last_mut`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.slice.html#method.split_last_mut
570 [`slice::split_last`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.slice.html#method.split_last
571 [`char::from_u32_unchecked`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/char/fn.from_u32_unchecked.html
572 [`fs::canonicalize`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/fs/fn.canonicalize.html
573 [`str::MatchIndices`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/str/struct.MatchIndices.html
574 [`str::RMatchIndices`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/str/struct.RMatchIndices.html
575 [`str::match_indices`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.str.html#method.match_indices
576 [`str::rmatch_indices`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.str.html#method.rmatch_indices
577 [`str::slice_mut_unchecked`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.str.html#method.slice_mut_unchecked
578 [`string::ParseError`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/string/enum.ParseError.html
580 Version 1.4.0 (2015-10-29)
581 ==========================
583 * ~1200 changes, numerous bugfixes
588 * Windows builds targeting the 64-bit MSVC ABI and linker (instead of
589 GNU) are now supported and recommended for use.
594 * [Several changes have been made to fix type soundness and improve
595 the behavior of associated types][sound]. See [RFC 1214]. Although
596 we have mostly introduced these changes as warnings this release, to
597 become errors next release, there are still some scenarios that will
598 see immediate breakage.
599 * [The `str::lines` and `BufRead::lines` iterators treat `\r\n` as
600 line breaks in addition to `\n`][crlf].
601 * [Loans of `'static` lifetime extend to the end of a function][stat].
602 * [`str::parse` no longer introduces avoidable rounding error when
603 parsing floating point numbers. Together with earlier changes to
604 float formatting/output, "round trips" like f.to_string().parse()
605 now preserve the value of f exactly. Additionally, leading plus
606 signs are now accepted][fp3].
612 * `use` statements that import multiple items [can now rename
613 them][i], as in `use foo::{bar as kitten, baz as puppy}`.
614 * [Binops work correctly on fat pointers][binfat].
615 * `pub extern crate`, which does not behave as expected, [issues a
616 warning][pec] until a better solution is found.
621 * [Many APIs were stabilized][stab]: `<Box<str>>::into_string`,
622 [`Arc::downgrade`], [`Arc::get_mut`], [`Arc::make_mut`],
623 [`Arc::try_unwrap`], [`Box::from_raw`], [`Box::into_raw`], [`CStr::to_str`],
624 [`CStr::to_string_lossy`], [`CString::from_raw`], [`CString::into_raw`],
625 [`IntoRawFd::into_raw_fd`], [`IntoRawFd`],
626 `IntoRawHandle::into_raw_handle`, `IntoRawHandle`,
627 `IntoRawSocket::into_raw_socket`, `IntoRawSocket`, [`Rc::downgrade`],
628 [`Rc::get_mut`], [`Rc::make_mut`], [`Rc::try_unwrap`], [`Result::expect`],
629 [`String::into_boxed_str`], [`TcpStream::read_timeout`],
630 [`TcpStream::set_read_timeout`], [`TcpStream::set_write_timeout`],
631 [`TcpStream::write_timeout`], [`UdpSocket::read_timeout`],
632 [`UdpSocket::set_read_timeout`], [`UdpSocket::set_write_timeout`],
633 [`UdpSocket::write_timeout`], `Vec::append`, `Vec::split_off`,
634 [`VecDeque::append`], [`VecDeque::retain`], [`VecDeque::split_off`],
635 [`rc::Weak::upgrade`], [`rc::Weak`], [`slice::Iter::as_slice`],
636 [`slice::IterMut::into_slice`], [`str::CharIndices::as_str`],
637 [`str::Chars::as_str`], [`str::split_at_mut`], [`str::split_at`],
638 [`sync::Weak::upgrade`], [`sync::Weak`], [`thread::park_timeout`],
640 * [Some APIs were deprecated][dep]: `BTreeMap::with_b`,
641 `BTreeSet::with_b`, `Option::as_mut_slice`, `Option::as_slice`,
642 `Result::as_mut_slice`, `Result::as_slice`, `f32::from_str_radix`,
643 `f64::from_str_radix`.
644 * [Reverse-searching strings is faster with the 'two-way'
646 * [`std::io::copy` allows `?Sized` arguments][cc].
647 * The `Windows`, `Chunks`, and `ChunksMut` iterators over slices all
648 [override `count`, `nth` and `last` with an O(1)
650 * [`Default` is implemented for arrays up to `[T; 32]`][d].
651 * [`IntoRawFd` has been added to the Unix-specific prelude,
652 `IntoRawSocket` and `IntoRawHandle` to the Windows-specific
654 * [`Extend<String>` and `FromIterator<String` are both implemented for
656 * [`IntoIterator` is implemented for references to `Option` and
658 * [`HashMap` and `HashSet` implement `Extend<&T>` where `T:
659 Copy`][ext] as part of [RFC 839]. This will cause type inferance
660 breakage in rare situations.
661 * [`BinaryHeap` implements `Debug`][bh2].
662 * [`Borrow` and `BorrowMut` are implemented for fixed-size
664 * [`extern fn`s with the "Rust" and "C" ABIs implement common
665 traits including `Eq`, `Ord`, `Debug`, `Hash`][fp].
666 * [String comparison is faster][faststr].
667 * `&mut T` where `T: std::fmt::Write` [also implements
668 `std::fmt::Write`][mutw].
669 * [A stable regression in `VecDeque::push_back` and other
670 capicity-altering methods that caused panics for zero-sized types
672 * [Function pointers implement traits for up to 12 parameters][fp2].
677 * The compiler [no longer uses the 'morestack' feature to prevent
678 stack overflow][mm]. Instead it uses guard pages and stack
679 probes (though stack probes are not yet implemented on any platform
681 * [The compiler matches traits faster when projections are involved][p].
682 * The 'improper_ctypes' lint [no longer warns about use of `isize` and
684 * [Cargo now displays useful information about what its doing during
687 [`Arc::downgrade`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/alloc/arc/struct.Arc.html#method.downgrade
688 [`Arc::make_mut`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/alloc/arc/struct.Arc.html#method.make_mut
689 [`Arc::get_mut`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/alloc/arc/struct.Arc.html#method.get_mut
690 [`Arc::try_unwrap`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/alloc/arc/struct.Arc.html#method.try_unwrap
691 [`Box::from_raw`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/alloc/boxed/struct.Box.html#method.from_raw
692 [`Box::into_raw`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/alloc/boxed/struct.Box.html#method.into_raw
693 [`CStr::to_str`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/ffi/struct.CStr.html#method.to_str
694 [`CStr::to_string_lossy`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/ffi/struct.CStr.html#method.to_string_lossy
695 [`CString::from_raw`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/ffi/struct.CString.html#method.from_raw
696 [`CString::into_raw`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/ffi/struct.CString.html#method.into_raw
697 [`IntoRawFd::into_raw_fd`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/os/unix/io/trait.IntoRawFd.html#tymethod.into_raw_fd
698 [`IntoRawFd`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/os/unix/io/trait.IntoRawFd.html
699 [`Rc::downgrade`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/alloc/rc/struct.Rc.html#method.downgrade
700 [`Rc::get_mut`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/alloc/rc/struct.Rc.html#method.get_mut
701 [`Rc::make_mut`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/alloc/rc/struct.Rc.html#method.make_mut
702 [`Rc::try_unwrap`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/alloc/rc/struct.Rc.html#method.try_unwrap
703 [`Result::expect`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/result/enum.Result.html#method.expect
704 [`String::into_boxed_str`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/collections/string/struct.String.html#method.into_boxed_str
705 [`TcpStream::read_timeout`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/net/struct.TcpStream.html#method.read_timeout
706 [`TcpStream::set_read_timeout`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/net/struct.TcpStream.html#method.set_read_timeout
707 [`TcpStream::write_timeout`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/net/struct.TcpStream.html#method.write_timeout
708 [`TcpStream::set_write_timeout`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/net/struct.TcpStream.html#method.set_write_timeout
709 [`UdpSocket::read_timeout`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/net/struct.TcpStream.html#method.read_timeout
710 [`UdpSocket::set_read_timeout`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/net/struct.TcpStream.html#method.set_read_timeout
711 [`UdpSocket::write_timeout`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/net/struct.TcpStream.html#method.write_timeout
712 [`UdpSocket::set_write_timeout`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/net/struct.TcpStream.html#method.set_write_timeout
713 [`VecDeque::append`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/collections/struct.VecDeque.html#method.append
714 [`VecDeque::retain`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/collections/struct.VecDeque.html#method.retain
715 [`VecDeque::split_off`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/collections/struct.VecDeque.html#method.split_off
716 [`rc::Weak::upgrade`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/rc/struct.Weak.html#method.upgrade
717 [`rc::Weak`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/rc/struct.Weak.html
718 [`slice::Iter::as_slice`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/slice/struct.Iter.html#method.as_slice
719 [`slice::IterMut::into_slice`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/slice/struct.IterMut.html#method.into_slice
720 [`str::CharIndices::as_str`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/str/struct.CharIndices.html#method.as_str
721 [`str::Chars::as_str`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/str/struct.Chars.html#method.as_str
722 [`str::split_at_mut`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.str.html#method.split_at_mut
723 [`str::split_at`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.str.html#method.split_at
724 [`sync::Weak::upgrade`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/sync/struct.Weak.html#method.upgrade
725 [`sync::Weak`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/sync/struct.Weak.html
726 [`thread::park_timeout`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/thread/fn.park_timeout.html
727 [`thread::sleep`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/thread/fn.sleep.html
728 [bh2]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/28156
729 [binfat]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/28270
730 [bm]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/28197
731 [cc]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/27531
732 [crlf]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/28034
733 [cu]: https://github.com/rust-lang/cargo/pull/1931
734 [d]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/27825
735 [dep]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/28339
736 [es]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/27956
737 [ext]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/28094
738 [faststr]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/28338
739 [ffi]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/28779
740 [fp]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/28268
741 [fp2]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/28560
742 [fp3]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/27307
743 [i]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/27451
744 [into2]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/28039
745 [it]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/27652
746 [mm]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/27338
747 [mutw]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/28368
748 [sound]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/27641
749 [p]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/27866
750 [pec]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/28486
751 [pr]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/27896
752 [RFC 839]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0839-embrace-extend-extinguish.md
753 [RFC 1214]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/1214-projections-lifetimes-and-wf.md
754 [s]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/27474
755 [stab]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/28339
756 [stat]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/28321
757 [vd]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/28494
759 Version 1.3.0 (2015-09-17)
760 ==============================
762 * ~900 changes, numerous bugfixes
767 * The [new object lifetime defaults][nold] have been [turned
768 on][nold2] after a cycle of warnings about the change. Now types
769 like `&'a Box<Trait>` (or `&'a Rc<Trait>`, etc) will change from
770 being interpreted as `&'a Box<Trait+'a>` to `&'a
772 * [The Rustonomicon][nom] is a new book in the official documentation
773 that dives into writing unsafe Rust.
774 * The [`Duration`] API, [has been stabilized][ds]. This basic unit of
775 timekeeping is employed by other std APIs, as well as out-of-tree
781 * The [new object lifetime defaults][nold] have been [turned
782 on][nold2] after a cycle of warnings about the change.
783 * There is a known [regression][lr] in how object lifetime elision is
784 interpreted, the proper solution for which is undetermined.
785 * The `#[prelude_import]` attribute, an internal implementation
786 detail, was accidentally stabilized previously. [It has been put
787 behind the `prelude_import` feature gate][pi]. This change is
788 believed to break no existing code.
789 * The behavior of [`size_of_val`][dst1] and [`align_of_val`][dst2] is
790 [more sane for dynamically sized types][dst3]. Code that relied on
791 the previous behavior is thought to be broken.
792 * The `dropck` rules, which checks that destructors can't access
793 destroyed values, [have been updated][dropck] to match the
794 [RFC][dropckrfc]. This fixes some soundness holes, and as such will
795 cause some previously-compiling code to no longer build.
800 * The [new object lifetime defaults][nold] have been [turned
801 on][nold2] after a cycle of warnings about the change.
802 * Semicolons may [now follow types and paths in
803 macros](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/27000).
804 * The behavior of [`size_of_val`][dst1] and [`align_of_val`][dst2] is
805 [more sane for dynamically sized types][dst3]. Code that relied on
806 the previous behavior is not known to exist, and suspected to be
808 * `'static` variables [may now be recursive][st].
809 * `ref` bindings choose between [`Deref`] and [`DerefMut`]
810 implementations correctly.
811 * The `dropck` rules, which checks that destructors can't access
812 destroyed values, [have been updated][dropck] to match the
818 * The [`Duration`] API, [has been stabilized][ds], as well as the
819 `std::time` module, which presently contains only `Duration`.
820 * `Box<str>` and `Box<[T]>` both implement `Clone`.
821 * The owned C string, [`CString`], implements [`Borrow`] and the
822 borrowed C string, [`CStr`], implements [`ToOwned`]. The two of
823 these allow C strings to be borrowed and cloned in generic code.
824 * [`CStr`] implements [`Debug`].
825 * [`AtomicPtr`] implements [`Debug`].
826 * [`Error`] trait objects [can be downcast to their concrete types][e]
827 in many common configurations, using the [`is`], [`downcast`],
828 [`downcast_ref`] and [`downcast_mut`] methods, similarly to the
830 * Searching for substrings now [employs the two-way algorithm][search]
831 instead of doing a naive search. This gives major speedups to a
832 number of methods, including [`contains`][sc], [`find`][sf],
833 [`rfind`][srf], [`split`][ss]. [`starts_with`][ssw] and
834 [`ends_with`][sew] are also faster.
835 * The performance of `PartialEq` for slices is [much faster][ps].
836 * The [`Hash`] trait offers the default method, [`hash_slice`], which
837 is overridden and optimized by the implementations for scalars.
838 * The [`Hasher`] trait now has a number of specialized `write_*`
839 methods for primitive types, for efficiency.
840 * The I/O-specific error type, [`std::io::Error`][ie], gained a set of
841 methods for accessing the 'inner error', if any: [`get_ref`][iegr],
842 [`get_mut`][iegm], [`into_inner`][ieii]. As well, the implementation
843 of [`std::error::Error::cause`][iec] also delegates to the inner
845 * [`process::Child`][pc] gained the [`id`] method, which returns a
846 `u32` representing the platform-specific process identifier.
847 * The [`connect`] method on slices is deprecated, replaced by the new
848 [`join`] method (note that both of these are on the *unstable*
849 [`SliceConcatExt`] trait, but through the magic of the prelude are
850 available to stable code anyway).
851 * The [`Div`] operator is implemented for [`Wrapping`] types.
852 * [`DerefMut` is implemented for `String`][dms].
853 * Performance of SipHash (the default hasher for `HashMap`) is
854 [better for long data][sh].
855 * [`AtomicPtr`] implements [`Send`].
856 * The [`read_to_end`] implementations for [`Stdin`] and [`File`]
857 are now [specialized to use uninitalized buffers for increased
859 * Lifetime parameters of foreign functions [are now resolved
865 * Rust can now, with some coercion, [produce programs that run on
866 Windows XP][xp], though XP is not considered a supported platform.
867 * Porting Rust on Windows from the GNU toolchain to MSVC continues
868 ([1][win1], [2][win2], [3][win3], [4][win4]). It is still not
869 recommended for use in 1.3, though should be fully-functional
870 in the [64-bit 1.4 beta][b14].
871 * On Fedora-based systems installation will [properly configure the
873 * The compiler gained many new extended error descriptions, which can
874 be accessed with the `--explain` flag.
875 * The `dropck` pass, which checks that destructors can't access
876 destroyed values, [has been rewritten][dropck]. This fixes some
877 soundness holes, and as such will cause some previously-compiling
878 code to no longer build.
879 * `rustc` now uses [LLVM to write archive files where possible][ar].
880 Eventually this will eliminate the compiler's dependency on the ar
882 * Rust has [preliminary support for i686 FreeBSD][fb] (it has long
883 supported FreeBSD on x86_64).
884 * The [`unused_mut`][lum], [`unconditional_recursion`][lur],
885 [`improper_ctypes`][lic], and [`negate_unsigned`][lnu] lints are
887 * If landing pads are disabled (with `-Z no-landing-pads`), [`panic!`
888 will kill the process instead of leaking][nlp].
890 [`Any`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/any/trait.Any.html
891 [`AtomicPtr`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/sync/atomic/struct.AtomicPtr.html
892 [`Borrow`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/borrow/trait.Borrow.html
893 [`CStr`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/ffi/struct.CStr.html
894 [`CString`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/ffi/struct.CString.html
895 [`Debug`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/fmt/trait.Debug.html
896 [`DerefMut`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/ops/trait.DerefMut.html
897 [`Deref`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/ops/trait.Deref.html
898 [`Div`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/ops/trait.Div.html
899 [`Duration`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/time/struct.Duration.html
900 [`Error`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/error/trait.Error.html
901 [`File`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/fs/struct.File.html
902 [`Hash`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/hash/trait.Hash.html
903 [`Hasher`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/hash/trait.Hasher.html
904 [`Send`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/marker/trait.Send.html
905 [`SliceConcatExt`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/slice/trait.SliceConcatExt.html
906 [`Stdin`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/io/struct.Stdin.html
907 [`ToOwned`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/borrow/trait.ToOwned.html
908 [`Wrapping`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/num/struct.Wrapping.html
909 [`connect`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/slice/trait.SliceConcatExt.html#method.connect
910 [`downcast_mut`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/error/trait.Error.html#method.downcast_mut
911 [`downcast_ref`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/error/trait.Error.html#method.downcast_ref
912 [`downcast`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/error/trait.Error.html#method.downcast
913 [`hash_slice`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/hash/trait.Hash.html#method.hash_slice
914 [`id`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/process/struct.Child.html#method.id
915 [`is`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/error/trait.Error.html#method.is
916 [`join`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/slice/trait.SliceConcatExt.html#method.join
917 [`read_to_end`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/io/trait.Read.html#method.read_to_end
918 [ar]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/26926
919 [b14]: https://static.rust-lang.org/dist/rust-beta-x86_64-pc-windows-msvc.msi
920 [dms]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/26241
921 [dropck]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/27261
922 [dropckrfc]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0769-sound-generic-drop.md
923 [ds]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/26818
924 [dst1]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/mem/fn.size_of_val.html
925 [dst2]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/mem/fn.align_of_val.html
926 [dst3]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/27351
927 [e]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/24793
928 [f]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/26588
929 [fb]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/26959
930 [fl]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust-installer/pull/41
931 [hs]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/hash/trait.Hash.html#method.hash_slice
932 [ie]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/io/struct.Error.html
933 [iec]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/io/struct.Error.html#method.cause
934 [iegm]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/io/struct.Error.html#method.get_mut
935 [iegr]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/io/struct.Error.html#method.get_ref
936 [ieii]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/io/struct.Error.html#method.into_inner
937 [lic]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/26583
938 [lnu]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/27026
939 [lr]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/27248
940 [lum]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/26378
941 [lur]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/26783
942 [nlp]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/27176
943 [nold2]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/27045
944 [nold]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/1156-adjust-default-object-bounds.md
945 [nom]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nomicon/
946 [pc]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/process/struct.Child.html
947 [pi]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/26699
948 [ps]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/26884
949 [rte]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/26950
950 [sc]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.str.html#method.contains
951 [search]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/26327
952 [sew]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.str.html#method.ends_with
953 [sf]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.str.html#method.find
954 [sh]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/27280
955 [srf]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.str.html#method.rfind
956 [ss]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.str.html#method.split
957 [ssw]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.str.html#method.starts_with
958 [st]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/26630
959 [win1]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/26569
960 [win2]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/26741
961 [win3]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/26741
962 [win4]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/27210
963 [xp]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/26569
965 Version 1.2.0 (2015-08-07)
966 ==========================
968 * ~1200 changes, numerous bugfixes
973 * [Dynamically-sized-type coercions][dst] allow smart pointer types
974 like `Rc` to contain types without a fixed size, arrays and trait
975 objects, finally enabling use of `Rc<[T]>` and completing the
976 implementation of DST.
977 * [Parallel codegen][parcodegen] is now working again, which can
978 substantially speed up large builds in debug mode; It also gets
979 another ~33% speedup when bootstrapping on a 4 core machine (using 8
980 jobs). It's not enabled by default, but will be "in the near
981 future". It can be activated with the `-C codegen-units=N` flag to
983 * This is the first release with [experimental support for linking
984 with the MSVC linker and lib C on Windows (instead of using the GNU
985 variants via MinGW)][win]. It is yet recommended only for the most
987 * Benchmark compilations are showing a 30% improvement in
988 bootstrapping over 1.1.
993 * The [`to_uppercase`] and [`to_lowercase`] methods on `char` now do
994 unicode case mapping, which is a previously-planned change in
995 behavior and considered a bugfix.
996 * [`mem::align_of`] now specifies [the *minimum alignment* for
997 T][align], which is usually the alignment programs are interested
998 in, and the same value reported by clang's
999 `alignof`. [`mem::min_align_of`] is deprecated. This is not known to
1001 * [The `#[packed]` attribute is no longer silently accepted by the
1002 compiler][packed]. This attribute did nothing and code that
1003 mentioned it likely did not work as intended.
1004 * Associated type defaults are [now behind the
1005 `associated_type_defaults` feature gate][ad]. In 1.1 associated type
1006 defaults *did not work*, but could be mentioned syntactically. As
1007 such this breakage has minimal impact.
1012 * Patterns with `ref mut` now correctly invoke [`DerefMut`] when
1013 matching against dereferencable values.
1018 * The [`Extend`] trait, which grows a collection from an iterator, is
1019 implemented over iterators of references, for `String`, `Vec`,
1020 `LinkedList`, `VecDeque`, `EnumSet`, `BinaryHeap`, `VecMap`,
1021 `BTreeSet` and `BTreeMap`. [RFC][extend-rfc].
1022 * The [`iter::once`] function returns an iterator that yields a single
1023 element, and [`iter::empty`] returns an iterator that yields no
1025 * The [`matches`] and [`rmatches`] methods on `str` return iterators
1026 over substring matches.
1027 * [`Cell`] and [`RefCell`] both implement `Eq`.
1028 * A number of methods for wrapping arithmetic are added to the
1029 integral types, [`wrapping_div`], [`wrapping_rem`],
1030 [`wrapping_neg`], [`wrapping_shl`], [`wrapping_shr`]. These are in
1031 addition to the existing [`wrapping_add`], [`wrapping_sub`], and
1032 [`wrapping_mul`] methods, and alternatives to the [`Wrapping`]
1033 type.. It is illegal for the default arithmetic operations in Rust
1034 to overflow; the desire to wrap must be explicit.
1035 * The `{:#?}` formatting specifier [displays the alternate,
1036 pretty-printed][debugfmt] form of the `Debug` formatter. This
1037 feature was actually introduced prior to 1.0 with little
1039 * [`fmt::Formatter`] implements [`fmt::Write`], a `fmt`-specific trait
1040 for writing data to formatted strings, similar to [`io::Write`].
1041 * [`fmt::Formatter`] adds 'debug builder' methods, [`debug_struct`],
1042 [`debug_tuple`], [`debug_list`], [`debug_set`], [`debug_map`]. These
1043 are used by code generators to emit implementations of [`Debug`].
1044 * `str` has new [`to_uppercase`][strup] and [`to_lowercase`][strlow]
1045 methods that convert case, following Unicode case mapping.
1046 * It is now easier to handle poisoned locks. The [`PoisonError`]
1047 type, returned by failing lock operations, exposes `into_inner`,
1048 `get_ref`, and `get_mut`, which all give access to the inner lock
1049 guard, and allow the poisoned lock to continue to operate. The
1050 `is_poisoned` method of [`RwLock`] and [`Mutex`] can poll for a
1051 poisoned lock without attempting to take the lock.
1052 * On Unix the [`FromRawFd`] trait is implemented for [`Stdio`], and
1053 [`AsRawFd`] for [`ChildStdin`], [`ChildStdout`], [`ChildStderr`].
1054 On Windows the `FromRawHandle` trait is implemented for `Stdio`,
1055 and `AsRawHandle` for `ChildStdin`, `ChildStdout`,
1057 * [`io::ErrorKind`] has a new variant, `InvalidData`, which indicates
1063 * `rustc` employs smarter heuristics for guessing at [typos].
1064 * `rustc` emits more efficient code for [no-op conversions between
1065 unsafe pointers][nop].
1066 * Fat pointers are now [passed in pairs of immediate arguments][fat],
1067 resulting in faster compile times and smaller code.
1069 [`Extend`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/iter/trait.Extend.html
1070 [extend-rfc]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0839-embrace-extend-extinguish.md
1071 [`iter::once`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/iter/fn.once.html
1072 [`iter::empty`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/iter/fn.empty.html
1073 [`matches`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.str.html#method.matches
1074 [`rmatches`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.str.html#method.rmatches
1075 [`Cell`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/cell/struct.Cell.html
1076 [`RefCell`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/cell/struct.RefCell.html
1077 [`wrapping_add`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.i8.html#method.wrapping_add
1078 [`wrapping_sub`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.i8.html#method.wrapping_sub
1079 [`wrapping_mul`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.i8.html#method.wrapping_mul
1080 [`wrapping_div`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.i8.html#method.wrapping_div
1081 [`wrapping_rem`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.i8.html#method.wrapping_rem
1082 [`wrapping_neg`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.i8.html#method.wrapping_neg
1083 [`wrapping_shl`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.i8.html#method.wrapping_shl
1084 [`wrapping_shr`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.i8.html#method.wrapping_shr
1085 [`Wrapping`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/num/struct.Wrapping.html
1086 [`fmt::Formatter`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/fmt/struct.Formatter.html
1087 [`fmt::Write`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/fmt/trait.Write.html
1088 [`io::Write`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/io/trait.Write.html
1089 [`debug_struct`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/fmt/struct.Formatter.html#method.debug_struct
1090 [`debug_tuple`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/fmt/struct.Formatter.html#method.debug_tuple
1091 [`debug_list`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/fmt/struct.Formatter.html#method.debug_list
1092 [`debug_set`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/fmt/struct.Formatter.html#method.debug_set
1093 [`debug_map`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/fmt/struct.Formatter.html#method.debug_map
1094 [`Debug`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/fmt/trait.Debug.html
1095 [strup]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.str.html#method.to_uppercase
1096 [strlow]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.str.html#method.to_lowercase
1097 [`to_uppercase`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.char.html#method.to_uppercase
1098 [`to_lowercase`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.char.html#method.to_lowercase
1099 [`PoisonError`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/sync/struct.PoisonError.html
1100 [`RwLock`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/sync/struct.RwLock.html
1101 [`Mutex`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html
1102 [`FromRawFd`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/os/unix/io/trait.FromRawFd.html
1103 [`AsRawFd`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/os/unix/io/trait.AsRawFd.html
1104 [`Stdio`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/process/struct.Stdio.html
1105 [`ChildStdin`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/process/struct.ChildStdin.html
1106 [`ChildStdout`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/process/struct.ChildStdout.html
1107 [`ChildStderr`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/process/struct.ChildStderr.html
1108 [`io::ErrorKind`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/io/enum.ErrorKind.html
1109 [debugfmt]: https://www.reddit.com/r/rust/comments/3ceaui/psa_produces_prettyprinted_debug_output/
1110 [`DerefMut`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/ops/trait.DerefMut.html
1111 [`mem::align_of`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/mem/fn.align_of.html
1112 [align]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/25646
1113 [`mem::min_align_of`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/mem/fn.min_align_of.html
1114 [typos]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/26087
1115 [nop]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/26336
1116 [fat]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/26411
1117 [dst]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0982-dst-coercion.md
1118 [parcodegen]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/26018
1119 [packed]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/25541
1120 [ad]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/27382
1121 [win]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/25350
1123 Version 1.1.0 (2015-06-25)
1124 =========================
1126 * ~850 changes, numerous bugfixes
1131 * The [`std::fs` module has been expanded][fs] to expand the set of
1132 functionality exposed:
1133 * `DirEntry` now supports optimizations like `file_type` and `metadata` which
1134 don't incur a syscall on some platforms.
1135 * A `symlink_metadata` function has been added.
1136 * The `fs::Metadata` structure now lowers to its OS counterpart, providing
1137 access to all underlying information.
1138 * The compiler now contains extended explanations of many errors. When an error
1139 with an explanation occurs the compiler suggests using the `--explain` flag
1140 to read the explanation. Error explanations are also [available online][err-index].
1141 * Thanks to multiple [improvements][sk] to [type checking][pre], as
1142 well as other work, the time to bootstrap the compiler decreased by
1148 * The [`str::split_whitespace`] method splits a string on unicode
1149 whitespace boundaries.
1150 * On both Windows and Unix, new extension traits provide conversion of
1151 I/O types to and from the underlying system handles. On Unix, these
1152 traits are [`FromRawFd`] and [`AsRawFd`], on Windows `FromRawHandle`
1153 and `AsRawHandle`. These are implemented for `File`, `TcpStream`,
1154 `TcpListener`, and `UpdSocket`. Further implementations for
1155 `std::process` will be stabilized later.
1156 * On Unix, [`std::os::unix::symlink`] creates symlinks. On
1157 Windows, symlinks can be created with
1158 `std::os::windows::symlink_dir` and
1159 `std::os::windows::symlink_file`.
1160 * The `mpsc::Receiver` type can now be converted into an iterator with
1161 `into_iter` on the [`IntoIterator`] trait.
1162 * `Ipv4Addr` can be created from `u32` with the `From<u32>`
1163 implementation of the [`From`] trait.
1164 * The `Debug` implementation for `RangeFull` [creates output that is
1165 more consistent with other implementations][rf].
1166 * [`Debug` is implemented for `File`][file].
1167 * The `Default` implementation for `Arc` [no longer requires `Sync +
1169 * [The `Iterator` methods `count`, `nth`, and `last` have been
1170 overridden for slices to have O(1) performance instead of O(n)][si].
1171 * Incorrect handling of paths on Windows has been improved in both the
1172 compiler and the standard library.
1173 * [`AtomicPtr` gained a `Default` implementation][ap].
1174 * In accordance with Rust's policy on arithmetic overflow `abs` now
1175 [panics on overflow when debug assertions are enabled][abs].
1176 * The [`Cloned`] iterator, which was accidentally left unstable for
1177 1.0 [has been stabilized][c].
1178 * The [`Incoming`] iterator, which iterates over incoming TCP
1179 connections, and which was accidentally unnamable in 1.0, [is now
1180 properly exported][inc].
1181 * [`BinaryHeap`] no longer corrupts itself [when functions called by
1182 `sift_up` or `sift_down` panic][bh].
1183 * The [`split_off`] method of `LinkedList` [no longer corrupts
1184 the list in certain scenarios][ll].
1189 * Type checking performance [has improved notably][sk] with
1190 [multiple improvements][pre].
1191 * The compiler [suggests code changes][ch] for more errors.
1192 * rustc and it's build system have experimental support for [building
1193 toolchains against MUSL][m] instead of glibc on Linux.
1194 * The compiler defines the `target_env` cfg value, which is used for
1195 distinguishing toolchains that are otherwise for the same
1196 platform. Presently this is set to `gnu` for common GNU Linux
1197 targets and for MinGW targets, and `musl` for MUSL Linux targets.
1198 * The [`cargo rustc`][crc] command invokes a build with custom flags
1200 * [Android executables are always position independent][pie].
1201 * [The `drop_with_repr_extern` lint warns about mixing `repr(C)`
1204 [`str::split_whitespace`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.str.html#method.split_whitespace
1205 [`FromRawFd`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/os/unix/io/trait.FromRawFd.html
1206 [`AsRawFd`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/os/unix/io/trait.AsRawFd.html
1207 [`std::os::unix::symlink`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/os/unix/fs/fn.symlink.html
1208 [`IntoIterator`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/iter/trait.IntoIterator.html
1209 [`From`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/convert/trait.From.html
1210 [rf]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/24491
1211 [err-index]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/error-index.html
1212 [sk]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/24615
1213 [pre]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/25323
1214 [file]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/24598
1215 [ch]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/24683
1216 [arc]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/24695
1217 [si]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/24701
1218 [ap]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/24834
1219 [m]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/24777
1220 [fs]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/1044-io-fs-2.1.md
1221 [crc]: https://github.com/rust-lang/cargo/pull/1568
1222 [pie]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/24953
1223 [abs]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/25441
1224 [c]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/25496
1225 [`Cloned`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/iter/struct.Cloned.html
1226 [`Incoming`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/net/struct.Incoming.html
1227 [inc]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/25522
1228 [bh]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/25856
1229 [`BinaryHeap`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/collections/struct.BinaryHeap.html
1230 [ll]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/26022
1231 [`split_off`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/collections/linked_list/struct.LinkedList.html#method.split_off
1232 [drop]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/24935
1234 Version 1.0.0 (2015-05-15)
1235 ========================
1237 * ~1500 changes, numerous bugfixes
1242 * The vast majority of the standard library is now `#[stable]`. It is
1243 no longer possible to use unstable features with a stable build of
1245 * Many popular crates on [crates.io] now work on the stable release
1247 * Arithmetic on basic integer types now [checks for overflow in debug
1253 * Several [restrictions have been added to trait coherence][coh] in
1254 order to make it easier for upstream authors to change traits
1255 without breaking downstream code.
1256 * Digits of binary and octal literals are [lexed more eagerly][lex] to
1257 improve error messages and macro behavior. For example, `0b1234` is
1258 now lexed as `0b1234` instead of two tokens, `0b1` and `234`.
1259 * Trait bounds [are always invariant][inv], eliminating the need for
1260 the `PhantomFn` and `MarkerTrait` lang items, which have been
1262 * ["-" is no longer a valid character in crate names][cr], the `extern crate
1263 "foo" as bar` syntax has been replaced with `extern crate foo as
1264 bar`, and Cargo now automatically translates "-" in *package* names
1265 to underscore for the crate name.
1266 * [Lifetime shadowing is an error][lt].
1267 * [`Send` no longer implies `'static`][send-rfc].
1268 * [UFCS now supports trait-less associated paths][moar-ufcs] like
1269 `MyType::default()`.
1270 * Primitive types [now have inherent methods][prim-inherent],
1271 obviating the need for extension traits like `SliceExt`.
1272 * Methods with `Self: Sized` in their `where` clause are [considered
1273 object-safe][self-sized], allowing many extension traits like
1274 `IteratorExt` to be merged into the traits they extended.
1275 * You can now [refer to associated types][assoc-where] whose
1276 corresponding trait bounds appear only in a `where` clause.
1277 * The final bits of [OIBIT landed][oibit-final], meaning that traits
1278 like `Send` and `Sync` are now library-defined.
1279 * A [Reflect trait][reflect] was introduced, which means that
1280 downcasting via the `Any` trait is effectively limited to concrete
1281 types. This helps retain the potentially-important "parametricity"
1282 property: generic code cannot behave differently for different type
1283 arguments except in minor ways.
1284 * The `unsafe_destructor` feature is now deprecated in favor of the
1285 [new `dropck`][dropck]. This change is a major reduction in unsafe
1291 * The `thread_local` module [has been renamed to `std::thread`][th].
1292 * The methods of `IteratorExt` [have been moved to the `Iterator`
1294 * Several traits that implement Rust's conventions for type
1295 conversions, `AsMut`, `AsRef`, `From`, and `Into` have been
1296 [centralized in the `std::convert` module][con].
1297 * The `FromError` trait [was removed in favor of `From`][fe].
1298 * The basic sleep function [has moved to
1299 `std::thread::sleep_ms`][slp].
1300 * The `splitn` function now takes an `n` parameter that represents the
1301 number of items yielded by the returned iterator [instead of the
1302 number of 'splits'][spl].
1303 * [On Unix, all file descriptors are `CLOEXEC` by default][clo].
1304 * [Derived implementations of `PartialOrd` now order enums according
1305 to their explicitly-assigned discriminants][po].
1306 * [Methods for searching strings are generic over `Pattern`s][pat],
1307 implemented presently by `&char`, `&str`, `FnMut(char) -> bool` and
1309 * [In method resolution, object methods are resolved before inherent
1311 * [`String::from_str` has been deprecated in favor of the `From` impl,
1312 `String::from`][sf].
1313 * [`io::Error` implements `Sync`][ios].
1314 * [The `words` method on `&str` has been replaced with
1315 `split_whitespace`][sw], to avoid answering the tricky question, 'what is
1317 * The new path and IO modules are complete and `#[stable]`. This
1318 was the major library focus for this cycle.
1319 * The path API was [revised][path-normalize] to normalize `.`,
1320 adjusting the tradeoffs in favor of the most common usage.
1321 * A large number of remaining APIs in `std` were also stabilized
1322 during this cycle; about 75% of the non-deprecated API surface
1324 * The new [string pattern API][string-pattern] landed, which makes
1325 the string slice API much more internally consistent and flexible.
1326 * A new set of [generic conversion traits][conversion] replaced
1327 many existing ad hoc traits.
1328 * Generic numeric traits were [completely removed][num-traits]. This
1329 was made possible thanks to inherent methods for primitive types,
1330 and the removal gives maximal flexibility for designing a numeric
1331 hierarchy in the future.
1332 * The `Fn` traits are now related via [inheritance][fn-inherit]
1333 and provide ergonomic [blanket implementations][fn-blanket].
1334 * The `Index` and `IndexMut` traits were changed to
1335 [take the index by value][index-value], enabling code like
1336 `hash_map["string"]` to work.
1337 * `Copy` now [inherits][copy-clone] from `Clone`, meaning that all
1338 `Copy` data is known to be `Clone` as well.
1343 * Many errors now have extended explanations that can be accessed with
1344 the `--explain` flag to `rustc`.
1345 * Many new examples have been added to the standard library
1347 * rustdoc has received a number of improvements focused on completion
1349 * Metadata was tuned, shrinking binaries [by 27%][metadata-shrink].
1350 * Much headway was made on ecosystem-wide CI, making it possible
1351 to [compare builds for breakage][ci-compare].
1354 [crates.io]: http://crates.io
1355 [clo]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/24034
1356 [coh]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/1023-rebalancing-coherence.md
1357 [con]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/23875
1358 [cr]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/23419
1359 [fe]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/23879
1360 [ie]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/23300
1361 [inv]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/23938
1362 [ios]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/24133
1363 [lex]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0879-small-base-lexing.md
1364 [lt]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/24057
1365 [meth]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/24056
1366 [pat]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0528-string-patterns.md
1367 [po]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/24270
1368 [sf]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/24517
1369 [slp]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/23949
1370 [spl]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0979-align-splitn-with-other-languages.md
1371 [sw]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/1054-str-words.md
1372 [th]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0909-move-thread-local-to-std-thread.md
1373 [send-rfc]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0458-send-improvements.md
1374 [moar-ufcs]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/22172
1375 [prim-inherent]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/23104
1376 [overflow]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0560-integer-overflow.md
1377 [metadata-shrink]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/22971
1378 [self-sized]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/22301
1379 [assoc-where]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/22512
1380 [string-pattern]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/22466
1381 [oibit-final]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/21689
1382 [reflect]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/23712
1383 [conversion]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/pull/529
1384 [num-traits]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/23549
1385 [index-value]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/23601
1386 [dropck]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/pull/769
1387 [ci-compare]: https://gist.github.com/brson/a30a77836fbec057cbee
1388 [fn-inherit]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/23282
1389 [fn-blanket]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/23895
1390 [copy-clone]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/23860
1391 [path-normalize]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/23229
1394 Version 1.0.0-alpha.2 (2015-02-20)
1395 =====================================
1397 * ~1300 changes, numerous bugfixes
1401 * The various I/O modules were [overhauled][io-rfc] to reduce
1402 unnecessary abstractions and provide better interoperation with
1403 the underlying platform. The old `io` module remains temporarily
1405 * The standard library now [participates in feature gating][feat],
1406 so use of unstable libraries now requires a `#![feature(...)]`
1407 attribute. The impact of this change is [described on the
1408 forum][feat-forum]. [RFC][feat-rfc].
1412 * `for` loops [now operate on the `IntoIterator` trait][into],
1413 which eliminates the need to call `.iter()`, etc. to iterate
1414 over collections. There are some new subtleties to remember
1415 though regarding what sort of iterators various types yield, in
1416 particular that `for foo in bar { }` yields values from a move
1417 iterator, destroying the original collection. [RFC][into-rfc].
1418 * Objects now have [default lifetime bounds][obj], so you don't
1419 have to write `Box<Trait+'static>` when you don't care about
1420 storing references. [RFC][obj-rfc].
1421 * In types that implement `Drop`, [lifetimes must outlive the
1422 value][drop]. This will soon make it possible to safely
1423 implement `Drop` for types where `#[unsafe_destructor]` is now
1424 required. Read the [gorgeous RFC][drop-rfc] for details.
1425 * The fully qualified <T as Trait>::X syntax lets you set the Self
1426 type for a trait method or associated type. [RFC][ufcs-rfc].
1427 * References to types that implement `Deref<U>` now [automatically
1428 coerce to references][deref] to the dereferenced type `U`,
1429 e.g. `&T where T: Deref<U>` automatically coerces to `&U`. This
1430 should eliminate many unsightly uses of `&*`, as when converting
1431 from references to vectors into references to
1432 slices. [RFC][deref-rfc].
1433 * The explicit [closure kind syntax][close] (`|&:|`, `|&mut:|`,
1434 `|:|`) is obsolete and closure kind is inferred from context.
1435 * [`Self` is a keyword][Self].
1439 * The `Show` and `String` formatting traits [have been
1440 renamed][fmt] to `Debug` and `Display` to more clearly reflect
1441 their related purposes. Automatically getting a string
1442 conversion to use with `format!("{:?}", something_to_debug)` is
1443 now written `#[derive(Debug)]`.
1444 * Abstract [OS-specific string types][osstr], `std::ff::{OsString,
1445 OsStr}`, provide strings in platform-specific encodings for easier
1446 interop with system APIs. [RFC][osstr-rfc].
1447 * The `boxed::into_raw` and `Box::from_raw` functions [convert
1448 between `Box<T>` and `*mut T`][boxraw], a common pattern for
1449 creating raw pointers.
1453 * Certain long error messages of the form 'expected foo found bar'
1454 are now [split neatly across multiple
1455 lines][multiline]. Examples in the PR.
1456 * On Unix Rust can be [uninstalled][un] by running
1457 `/usr/local/lib/rustlib/uninstall.sh`.
1458 * The `#[rustc_on_unimplemented]` attribute, requiring the
1459 'on_unimplemented' feature, lets rustc [display custom error
1460 messages when a trait is expected to be implemented for a type
1465 * Rust is tested against a [LALR grammar][lalr], which parses
1466 almost all the Rust files that rustc does.
1468 [boxraw]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/21318
1469 [close]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/21843
1470 [deref]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/21351
1471 [deref-rfc]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0241-deref-conversions.md
1472 [drop]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/21972
1473 [drop-rfc]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0769-sound-generic-drop.md
1474 [feat]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/21248
1475 [feat-forum]: https://users.rust-lang.org/t/psa-important-info-about-rustcs-new-feature-staging/82/5
1476 [feat-rfc]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0507-release-channels.md
1477 [fmt]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/21457
1478 [into]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/20790
1479 [into-rfc]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0235-collections-conventions.md#intoiterator-and-iterable
1480 [io-rfc]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0517-io-os-reform.md
1481 [lalr]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/21452
1482 [multiline]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/19870
1483 [obj]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/22230
1484 [obj-rfc]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0599-default-object-bound.md
1485 [onun]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/20889
1486 [osstr]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/21488
1487 [osstr-rfc]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0517-io-os-reform.md
1488 [Self]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/22158
1489 [ufcs-rfc]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0132-ufcs.md
1490 [un]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/22256
1493 Version 1.0.0-alpha (2015-01-09)
1494 ==================================
1496 * ~2400 changes, numerous bugfixes
1500 * The language itself is considered feature complete for 1.0,
1501 though there will be many usability improvements and bugfixes
1502 before the final release.
1503 * Nearly 50% of the public API surface of the standard library has
1504 been declared 'stable'. Those interfaces are unlikely to change
1506 * The long-running debate over integer types has been
1507 [settled][ints]: Rust will ship with types named `isize` and
1508 `usize`, rather than `int` and `uint`, for pointer-sized
1509 integers. Guidelines will be rolled out during the alpha cycle.
1510 * Most crates that are not `std` have been moved out of the Rust
1511 distribution into the Cargo ecosystem so they can evolve
1512 separately and don't need to be stabilized as quickly, including
1513 'time', 'getopts', 'num', 'regex', and 'term'.
1514 * Documentation continues to be expanded with more API coverage, more
1515 examples, and more in-depth explanations. The guides have been
1516 consolidated into [The Rust Programming Language][trpl].
1517 * "[Rust By Example][rbe]" is now maintained by the Rust team.
1518 * All official Rust binary installers now come with [Cargo], the
1519 Rust package manager.
1523 * Closures have been [completely redesigned][unboxed] to be
1524 implemented in terms of traits, can now be used as generic type
1525 bounds and thus monomorphized and inlined, or via an opaque
1526 pointer (boxed) as in the old system. The new system is often
1527 referred to as 'unboxed' closures.
1528 * Traits now support [associated types][assoc], allowing families
1529 of related types to be defined together and used generically in
1531 * Enum variants are [namespaced by their type names][enum].
1532 * [`where` clauses][where] provide a more versatile and attractive
1533 syntax for specifying generic bounds, though the previous syntax
1535 * Rust again picks a [fallback][fb] (either i32 or f64) for uninferred
1537 * Rust [no longer has a runtime][rt] of any description, and only
1538 supports OS threads, not green threads.
1539 * At long last, Rust has been overhauled for 'dynamically-sized
1540 types' ([DST]), which integrates 'fat pointers' (object types,
1541 arrays, and `str`) more deeply into the type system, making it
1543 * Rust now has a general [range syntax][range], `i..j`, `i..`, and
1544 `..j` that produce range types and which, when combined with the
1545 `Index` operator and multidispatch, leads to a convenient slice
1547 * The new range syntax revealed an ambiguity in the fixed-length
1548 array syntax, so now fixed length arrays [are written `[T;
1550 * The `Copy` trait is no longer implemented automatically. Unsafe
1551 pointers no longer implement `Sync` and `Send` so types
1552 containing them don't automatically either. `Sync` and `Send`
1553 are now 'unsafe traits' so one can "forcibly" implement them via
1554 `unsafe impl` if a type confirms to the requirements for them
1555 even though the internals do not (e.g. structs containing unsafe
1556 pointers like `Arc`). These changes are intended to prevent some
1557 footguns and are collectively known as [opt-in built-in
1558 traits][oibit] (though `Sync` and `Send` will soon become pure
1559 library types unknown to the compiler).
1560 * Operator traits now take their operands [by value][ops], and
1561 comparison traits can use multidispatch to compare one type
1562 against multiple other types, allowing e.g. `String` to be
1563 compared with `&str`.
1564 * `if let` and `while let` are no longer feature-gated.
1565 * Rust has adopted a more [uniform syntax for escaping unicode
1566 characters][unicode].
1567 * `macro_rules!` [has been declared stable][mac]. Though it is a
1568 flawed system it is sufficiently popular that it must be usable
1569 for 1.0. Effort has gone into [future-proofing][mac-future] it
1570 in ways that will allow other macro systems to be developed in
1571 parallel, and won't otherwise impact the evolution of the
1573 * The prelude has been [pared back significantly][prelude] such
1574 that it is the minimum necessary to support the most pervasive
1575 code patterns, and through [generalized where clauses][where]
1576 many of the prelude extension traits have been consolidated.
1577 * Rust's rudimentary reflection [has been removed][refl], as it
1578 incurred too much code generation for little benefit.
1579 * [Struct variants][structvars] are no longer feature-gated.
1580 * Trait bounds can be [polymorphic over lifetimes][hrtb]. Also
1581 known as 'higher-ranked trait bounds', this crucially allows
1582 unboxed closures to work.
1583 * Macros invocations surrounded by parens or square brackets and
1584 not terminated by a semicolon are [parsed as
1585 expressions][macros], which makes expressions like `vec![1i32,
1586 2, 3].len()` work as expected.
1587 * Trait objects now implement their traits automatically, and
1588 traits that can be coerced to objects now must be [object
1590 * Automatically deriving traits is now done with `#[derive(...)]`
1591 not `#[deriving(...)]` for [consistency with other naming
1592 conventions][derive].
1593 * Importing the containing module or enum at the same time as
1594 items or variants they contain is [now done with `self` instead
1595 of `mod`][self], as in use `foo::{self, bar}`
1596 * Glob imports are no longer feature-gated.
1597 * The `box` operator and `box` patterns have been feature-gated
1598 pending a redesign. For now unique boxes should be allocated
1599 like other containers, with `Box::new`.
1603 * A [series][coll1] of [efforts][coll2] to establish
1604 [conventions][coll3] for collections types has resulted in API
1605 improvements throughout the standard library.
1606 * New [APIs for error handling][err] provide ergonomic interop
1607 between error types, and [new conventions][err-conv] describe
1608 more clearly the recommended error handling strategies in Rust.
1609 * The `fail!` macro has been renamed to [`panic!`][panic] so that
1610 it is easier to discuss failure in the context of error handling
1611 without making clarifications as to whether you are referring to
1612 the 'fail' macro or failure more generally.
1613 * On Linux, `OsRng` prefers the new, more reliable `getrandom`
1614 syscall when available.
1615 * The 'serialize' crate has been renamed 'rustc-serialize' and
1616 moved out of the distribution to Cargo. Although it is widely
1617 used now, it is expected to be superseded in the near future.
1618 * The `Show` formatter, typically implemented with
1619 `#[derive(Show)]` is [now requested with the `{:?}`
1620 specifier][show] and is intended for use by all types, for uses
1621 such as `println!` debugging. The new `String` formatter must be
1622 implemented by hand, uses the `{}` specifier, and is intended
1623 for full-fidelity conversions of things that can logically be
1624 represented as strings.
1628 * [Flexible target specification][flex] allows rustc's code
1629 generation to be configured to support otherwise-unsupported
1631 * Rust comes with rust-gdb and rust-lldb scripts that launch their
1632 respective debuggers with Rust-appropriate pretty-printing.
1633 * The Windows installation of Rust is distributed with the the
1634 MinGW components currently required to link binaries on that
1639 * Nullable enum optimizations have been extended to more types so
1640 that e.g. `Option<Vec<T>>` and `Option<String>` take up no more
1641 space than the inner types themselves.
1642 * Work has begun on supporting AArch64.
1644 [Cargo]: https://crates.io
1645 [unboxed]: http://smallcultfollowing.com/babysteps/blog/2014/11/26/purging-proc/
1646 [enum]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0390-enum-namespacing.md
1647 [flex]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0131-target-specification.md
1648 [err]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0201-error-chaining.md
1649 [err-conv]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0236-error-conventions.md
1650 [rt]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0230-remove-runtime.md
1651 [mac]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0453-macro-reform.md
1652 [mac-future]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/pull/550
1653 [DST]: http://smallcultfollowing.com/babysteps/blog/2014/01/05/dst-take-5/
1654 [coll1]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0235-collections-conventions.md
1655 [coll2]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0509-collections-reform-part-2.md
1656 [coll3]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0216-collection-views.md
1657 [ops]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0439-cmp-ops-reform.md
1658 [prelude]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0503-prelude-stabilization.md
1659 [where]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0135-where.md
1660 [refl]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0379-remove-reflection.md
1661 [panic]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0221-panic.md
1662 [structvars]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0418-struct-variants.md
1663 [hrtb]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0387-higher-ranked-trait-bounds.md
1664 [unicode]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0446-es6-unicode-escapes.md
1665 [oibit]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0019-opt-in-builtin-traits.md
1666 [macros]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0378-expr-macros.md
1667 [range]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0439-cmp-ops-reform.md#indexing-and-slicing
1668 [arrays]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0520-new-array-repeat-syntax.md
1669 [show]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0504-show-stabilization.md
1670 [derive]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0534-deriving2derive.md
1671 [self]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0532-self-in-use.md
1672 [fb]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0212-restore-int-fallback.md
1673 [objsafe]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0255-object-safety.md
1674 [assoc]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0195-associated-items.md
1675 [ints]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/pull/544#issuecomment-68760871
1676 [trpl]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/index.html
1677 [rbe]: http://rustbyexample.com/
1680 Version 0.12.0 (2014-10-09)
1681 =============================
1683 * ~1900 changes, numerous bugfixes
1687 * The introductory documentation (now called The Rust Guide) has
1688 been completely rewritten, as have a number of supplementary
1690 * Rust's package manager, Cargo, continues to improve and is
1691 sometimes considered to be quite awesome.
1692 * Many API's in `std` have been reviewed and updated for
1693 consistency with the in-development Rust coding
1694 guidelines. The standard library documentation tracks
1695 stabilization progress.
1696 * Minor libraries have been moved out-of-tree to the rust-lang org
1697 on GitHub: uuid, semver, glob, num, hexfloat, fourcc. They can
1698 be installed with Cargo.
1699 * Lifetime elision allows lifetime annotations to be left off of
1700 function declarations in many common scenarios.
1701 * Rust now works on 64-bit Windows.
1704 * Indexing can be overloaded with the `Index` and `IndexMut`
1706 * The `if let` construct takes a branch only if the `let` pattern
1707 matches, currently behind the 'if_let' feature gate.
1708 * 'where clauses', a more flexible syntax for specifying trait
1709 bounds that is more aesthetic, have been added for traits and
1710 free functions. Where clauses will in the future make it
1711 possible to constrain associated types, which would be
1712 impossible with the existing syntax.
1713 * A new slicing syntax (e.g. `[0..4]`) has been introduced behind
1714 the 'slicing_syntax' feature gate, and can be overloaded with
1715 the `Slice` or `SliceMut` traits.
1716 * The syntax for matching of sub-slices has been changed to use a
1717 postfix `..` instead of prefix (.e.g. `[a, b, c..]`), for
1718 consistency with other uses of `..` and to future-proof
1719 potential additional uses of the syntax.
1720 * The syntax for matching inclusive ranges in patterns has changed
1721 from `0..3` to `0...4` to be consistent with the exclusive range
1723 * Matching of sub-slices in non-tail positions (e.g. `[a.., b,
1724 c]`) has been put behind the 'advanced_slice_patterns' feature
1725 gate and may be removed in the future.
1726 * Components of tuples and tuple structs can be extracted using
1727 the `value.0` syntax, currently behind the `tuple_indexing`
1729 * The `#[crate_id]` attribute is no longer supported; versioning
1730 is handled by the package manager.
1731 * Renaming crate imports are now written `extern crate foo as bar`
1732 instead of `extern crate bar = foo`.
1733 * Renaming use statements are now written `use foo as bar` instead
1735 * `let` and `match` bindings and argument names in macros are now
1737 * The new, more efficient, closure types ('unboxed closures') have
1738 been added under a feature gate, 'unboxed_closures'. These will
1739 soon replace the existing closure types, once higher-ranked
1740 trait lifetimes are added to the language.
1741 * `move` has been added as a keyword, for indicating closures
1742 that capture by value.
1743 * Mutation and assignment is no longer allowed in pattern guards.
1744 * Generic structs and enums can now have trait bounds.
1745 * The `Share` trait is now called `Sync` to free up the term
1746 'shared' to refer to 'shared reference' (the default reference
1748 * Dynamically-sized types have been mostly implemented,
1749 unifying the behavior of fat-pointer types with the rest of the
1751 * As part of dynamically-sized types, the `Sized` trait has been
1752 introduced, which qualifying types implement by default, and
1753 which type parameters expect by default. To specify that a type
1754 parameter does not need to be sized, write `<Sized? T>`. Most
1755 types are `Sized`, notable exceptions being unsized arrays
1756 (`[T]`) and trait types.
1757 * Closures can return `!`, as in `|| -> !` or `proc() -> !`.
1758 * Lifetime bounds can now be applied to type parameters and object
1760 * The old, reference counted GC type, `Gc<T>` which was once
1761 denoted by the `@` sigil, has finally been removed. GC will be
1762 revisited in the future.
1765 * Library documentation has been improved for a number of modules.
1766 * Bit-vectors, collections::bitv has been modernized.
1767 * The url crate is deprecated in favor of
1768 http://github.com/servo/rust-url, which can be installed with
1770 * Most I/O stream types can be cloned and subsequently closed from
1772 * A `std::time::Duration` type has been added for use in I/O
1773 methods that rely on timers, as well as in the 'time' crate's
1774 `Timespec` arithmetic.
1775 * The runtime I/O abstraction layer that enabled the green thread
1776 scheduler to do non-thread-blocking I/O has been removed, along
1777 with the libuv-based implementation employed by the green thread
1778 scheduler. This will greatly simplify the future I/O work.
1779 * `collections::btree` has been rewritten to have a more
1780 idiomatic and efficient design.
1783 * rustdoc output now indicates the stability levels of API's.
1784 * The `--crate-name` flag can specify the name of the crate
1785 being compiled, like `#[crate_name]`.
1786 * The `-C metadata` specifies additional metadata to hash into
1787 symbol names, and `-C extra-filename` specifies additional
1788 information to put into the output filename, for use by the
1789 package manager for versioning.
1790 * debug info generation has continued to improve and should be
1791 more reliable under both gdb and lldb.
1792 * rustc has experimental support for compiling in parallel
1793 using the `-C codegen-units` flag.
1794 * rustc no longer encodes rpath information into binaries by
1798 * Stack usage has been optimized with LLVM lifetime annotations.
1799 * Official Rust binaries on Linux are more compatible with older
1800 kernels and distributions, built on CentOS 5.10.
1803 Version 0.11.0 (2014-07-02)
1804 ==========================
1806 * ~1700 changes, numerous bugfixes
1809 * ~[T] has been removed from the language. This type is superseded by
1811 * ~str has been removed from the language. This type is superseded by
1813 * ~T has been removed from the language. This type is superseded by the
1815 * @T has been removed from the language. This type is superseded by the
1816 standard library's std::gc::Gc<T> type.
1817 * Struct fields are now all private by default.
1818 * Vector indices and shift amounts are both required to be a `uint`
1819 instead of any integral type.
1820 * Byte character, byte string, and raw byte string literals are now all
1821 supported by prefixing the normal literal with a `b`.
1822 * Multiple ABIs are no longer allowed in an ABI string
1823 * The syntax for lifetimes on closures/procedures has been tweaked
1824 slightly: `<'a>|A, B|: 'b + K -> T`
1825 * Floating point modulus has been removed from the language; however it
1826 is still provided by a library implementation.
1827 * Private enum variants are now disallowed.
1828 * The `priv` keyword has been removed from the language.
1829 * A closure can no longer be invoked through a &-pointer.
1830 * The `use foo, bar, baz;` syntax has been removed from the language.
1831 * The transmute intrinsic no longer works on type parameters.
1832 * Statics now allow blocks/items in their definition.
1833 * Trait bounds are separated from objects with + instead of : now.
1834 * Objects can no longer be read while they are mutably borrowed.
1835 * The address of a static is now marked as insignificant unless the
1836 #[inline(never)] attribute is placed it.
1837 * The #[unsafe_destructor] attribute is now behind a feature gate.
1838 * Struct literals are no longer allowed in ambiguous positions such as
1839 if, while, match, and for..in.
1840 * Declaration of lang items and intrinsics are now feature-gated by
1842 * Integral literals no longer default to `int`, and floating point
1843 literals no longer default to `f64`. Literals must be suffixed with an
1844 appropriate type if inference cannot determine the type of the
1846 * The Box<T> type is no longer implicitly borrowed to &mut T.
1847 * Procedures are now required to not capture borrowed references.
1850 * The standard library is now a "facade" over a number of underlying
1851 libraries. This means that development on the standard library should
1852 be speeder due to smaller crates, as well as a clearer line between
1854 * A new library, libcore, lives under the standard library's facade
1855 which is Rust's "0-assumption" library, suitable for embedded and
1856 kernel development for example.
1857 * A regex crate has been added to the standard distribution. This crate
1858 includes statically compiled regular expressions.
1859 * The unwrap/unwrap_err methods on Result require a Show bound for
1860 better error messages.
1861 * The return types of the std::comm primitives have been centralized
1862 around the Result type.
1863 * A number of I/O primitives have gained the ability to time out their
1865 * A number of I/O primitives have gained the ability to close their
1866 reading/writing halves to cancel pending operations.
1867 * Reverse iterator methods have been removed in favor of `rev()` on
1868 their forward-iteration counterparts.
1869 * A bitflags! macro has been added to enable easy interop with C and
1870 management of bit flags.
1871 * A debug_assert! macro is now provided which is disabled when
1872 `--cfg ndebug` is passed to the compiler.
1873 * A graphviz crate has been added for creating .dot files.
1874 * The std::cast module has been migrated into std::mem.
1875 * The std::local_data api has been migrated from freestanding functions
1876 to being based on methods.
1877 * The Pod trait has been renamed to Copy.
1878 * jemalloc has been added as the default allocator for types.
1879 * The API for allocating memory has been changed to use proper alignment
1880 and sized deallocation
1881 * Connecting a TcpStream or binding a TcpListener is now based on a
1882 string address and a u16 port. This allows connecting to a hostname as
1884 * The Reader trait now contains a core method, read_at_least(), which
1885 correctly handles many repeated 0-length reads.
1886 * The process-spawning API is now centered around a builder-style
1888 * The :? printing qualifier has been moved from the standard library to
1889 an external libdebug crate.
1890 * Eq/Ord have been renamed to PartialEq/PartialOrd. TotalEq/TotalOrd
1891 have been renamed to Eq/Ord.
1892 * The select/plural methods have been removed from format!. The escapes
1893 for { and } have also changed from \{ and \} to {{ and }},
1895 * The TaskBuilder API has been re-worked to be a true builder, and
1896 extension traits for spawning native/green tasks have been added.
1899 * All breaking changes to the language or libraries now have their
1900 commit message annotated with `[breaking-change]` to allow for easy
1901 discovery of breaking changes.
1902 * The compiler will now try to suggest how to annotate lifetimes if a
1903 lifetime-related error occurs.
1904 * Debug info continues to be improved greatly with general bug fixes and
1905 better support for situations like link time optimization (LTO).
1906 * Usage of syntax extensions when cross-compiling has been fixed.
1907 * Functionality equivalent to GCC & Clang's -ffunction-sections,
1908 -fdata-sections and --gc-sections has been enabled by default
1909 * The compiler is now stricter about where it will load module files
1910 from when a module is declared via `mod foo;`.
1911 * The #[phase(syntax)] attribute has been renamed to #[phase(plugin)].
1912 Syntax extensions are now discovered via a "plugin registrar" type
1913 which will be extended in the future to other various plugins.
1914 * Lints have been restructured to allow for dynamically loadable lints.
1915 * A number of rustdoc improvements:
1916 * The HTML output has been visually redesigned.
1917 * Markdown is now powered by hoedown instead of sundown.
1918 * Searching heuristics have been greatly improved.
1919 * The search index has been reduced in size by a great amount.
1920 * Cross-crate documentation via `pub use` has been greatly improved.
1921 * Primitive types are now hyperlinked and documented.
1922 * Documentation has been moved from static.rust-lang.org/doc to
1924 * A new sandbox, play.rust-lang.org, is available for running and
1925 sharing rust code examples on-line.
1926 * Unused attributes are now more robustly warned about.
1927 * The dead_code lint now warns about unused struct fields.
1928 * Cross-compiling to iOS is now supported.
1929 * Cross-compiling to mipsel is now supported.
1930 * Stability attributes are now inherited by default and no longer apply
1931 to intra-crate usage, only inter-crate usage.
1932 * Error message related to non-exhaustive match expressions have been
1936 Version 0.10 (2014-04-03)
1937 =========================
1939 * ~1500 changes, numerous bugfixes
1942 * A new RFC process is now in place for modifying the language.
1943 * Patterns with `@`-pointers have been removed from the language.
1944 * Patterns with unique vectors (`~[T]`) have been removed from the
1946 * Patterns with unique strings (`~str`) have been removed from the
1948 * `@str` has been removed from the language.
1949 * `@[T]` has been removed from the language.
1950 * `@self` has been removed from the language.
1951 * `@Trait` has been removed from the language.
1952 * Headers on `~` allocations which contain `@` boxes inside the type for
1953 reference counting have been removed.
1954 * The semantics around the lifetimes of temporary expressions have changed,
1955 see #3511 and #11585 for more information.
1956 * Cross-crate syntax extensions are now possible, but feature gated. See
1957 #11151 for more information. This includes both `macro_rules!` macros as
1958 well as syntax extensions such as `format!`.
1959 * New lint modes have been added, and older ones have been turned on to be
1961 * Unnecessary parentheses
1964 * Uppercase variables
1965 * Publicly visible private types
1966 * `#[deriving]` with raw pointers
1967 * Unsafe functions can no longer be coerced to closures.
1968 * Various obscure macros such as `log_syntax!` are now behind feature gates.
1969 * The `#[simd]` attribute is now behind a feature gate.
1970 * Visibility is no longer allowed on `extern crate` statements, and
1971 unnecessary visibility (`priv`) is no longer allowed on `use` statements.
1972 * Trailing commas are now allowed in argument lists and tuple patterns.
1973 * The `do` keyword has been removed, it is now a reserved keyword.
1974 * Default type parameters have been implemented, but are feature gated.
1975 * Borrowed variables through captures in closures are now considered soundly.
1976 * `extern mod` is now `extern crate`
1977 * The `Freeze` trait has been removed.
1978 * The `Share` trait has been added for types that can be shared among
1980 * Labels in macros are now hygienic.
1981 * Expression/statement macro invocations can be delimited with `{}` now.
1982 * Treatment of types allowed in `static mut` locations has been tweaked.
1983 * The `*` and `.` operators are now overloadable through the `Deref` and
1985 * `~Trait` and `proc` no longer have `Send` bounds by default.
1986 * Partial type hints are now supported with the `_` type marker.
1987 * An `Unsafe` type was introduced for interior mutability. It is now
1988 considered undefined to transmute from `&T` to `&mut T` without using the
1990 * The #[linkage] attribute was implemented for extern statics/functions.
1991 * The inner attribute syntax has changed from `#[foo];` to `#![foo]`.
1992 * `Pod` was renamed to `Copy`.
1995 * The `libextra` library has been removed. It has now been decomposed into
1996 component libraries with smaller and more focused nuggets of
1997 functionality. The full list of libraries can be found on the
1998 documentation index page.
1999 * std: `std::condition` has been removed. All I/O errors are now propagated
2000 through the `Result` type. In order to assist with error handling, a
2001 `try!` macro for unwrapping errors with an early return and a lint for
2002 unused results has been added. See #12039 for more information.
2003 * std: The `vec` module has been renamed to `slice`.
2004 * std: A new vector type, `Vec<T>`, has been added in preparation for DST.
2005 This will become the only growable vector in the future.
2006 * std: `std::io` now has more public-reexports. Types such as `BufferedReader`
2007 are now found at `std::io::BufferedReader` instead of
2008 `std::io::buffered::BufferedReader`.
2009 * std: `print` and `println` are no longer in the prelude, the `print!` and
2010 `println!` macros are intended to be used instead.
2011 * std: `Rc` now has a `Weak` pointer for breaking cycles, and it no longer
2012 attempts to statically prevent cycles.
2013 * std: The standard distribution is adopting the policy of pushing failure
2014 to the user rather than failing in libraries. Many functions (such as
2015 `slice::last()`) now return `Option<T>` instead of `T` + failing.
2016 * std: `fmt::Default` has been renamed to `fmt::Show`, and it now has a new
2017 deriving mode: `#[deriving(Show)]`.
2018 * std: `ToStr` is now implemented for all types implementing `Show`.
2019 * std: The formatting trait methods now take `&self` instead of `&T`
2020 * std: The `invert()` method on iterators has been renamed to `rev()`
2021 * std: `std::num` has seen a reduction in the genericity of its traits,
2022 consolidating functionality into a few core traits.
2023 * std: Backtraces are now printed on task failure if the environment
2024 variable `RUST_BACKTRACE` is present.
2025 * std: Naming conventions for iterators have been standardized. More details
2026 can be found on the wiki's style guide.
2027 * std: `eof()` has been removed from the `Reader` trait. Specific types may
2028 still implement the function.
2029 * std: Networking types are now cloneable to allow simultaneous reads/writes.
2030 * std: `assert_approx_eq!` has been removed
2031 * std: The `e` and `E` formatting specifiers for floats have been added to
2032 print them in exponential notation.
2033 * std: The `Times` trait has been removed
2034 * std: Indications of variance and opting out of builtin bounds is done
2035 through marker types in `std::kinds::marker` now
2036 * std: `hash` has been rewritten, `IterBytes` has been removed, and
2037 `#[deriving(Hash)]` is now possible.
2038 * std: `SharedChan` has been removed, `Sender` is now cloneable.
2039 * std: `Chan` and `Port` were renamed to `Sender` and `Receiver`.
2040 * std: `Chan::new` is now `channel()`.
2041 * std: A new synchronous channel type has been implemented.
2042 * std: A `select!` macro is now provided for selecting over `Receiver`s.
2043 * std: `hashmap` and `trie` have been moved to `libcollections`
2044 * std: `run` has been rolled into `io::process`
2045 * std: `assert_eq!` now uses `{}` instead of `{:?}`
2046 * std: The equality and comparison traits have seen some reorganization.
2047 * std: `rand` has moved to `librand`.
2048 * std: `to_{lower,upper}case` has been implemented for `char`.
2049 * std: Logging has been moved to `liblog`.
2050 * collections: `HashMap` has been rewritten for higher performance and less
2052 * native: The default runtime is now `libnative`. If `libgreen` is desired,
2053 it can be booted manually. The runtime guide has more information and
2055 * native: All I/O functionality except signals has been implemented.
2056 * green: Task spawning with `libgreen` has been optimized with stack caching
2057 and various trimming of code.
2058 * green: Tasks spawned by `libgreen` now have an unmapped guard page.
2059 * sync: The `extra::sync` module has been updated to modern rust (and moved
2060 to the `sync` library), tweaking and improving various interfaces while
2061 dropping redundant functionality.
2062 * sync: A new `Barrier` type has been added to the `sync` library.
2063 * sync: An efficient mutex for native and green tasks has been implemented.
2064 * serialize: The `base64` module has seen some improvement. It treats
2065 newlines better, has non-string error values, and has seen general
2067 * fourcc: A `fourcc!` macro was introduced
2068 * hexfloat: A `hexfloat!` macro was implemented for specifying floats via a
2069 hexadecimal literal.
2072 * `rustpkg` has been deprecated and removed from the main repository. Its
2073 replacement, `cargo`, is under development.
2074 * Nightly builds of rust are now available
2075 * The memory usage of rustc has been improved many times throughout this
2077 * The build process supports disabling rpath support for the rustc binary
2079 * Code generation has improved in some cases, giving more information to the
2080 LLVM optimization passes to enable more extensive optimizations.
2081 * Debuginfo compatibility with lldb on OSX has been restored.
2082 * The master branch is now gated on an android bot, making building for
2083 android much more reliable.
2084 * Output flags have been centralized into one `--emit` flag.
2085 * Crate type flags have been centralized into one `--crate-type` flag.
2086 * Codegen flags have been consolidated behind a `-C` flag.
2087 * Linking against outdated crates now has improved error messages.
2088 * Error messages with lifetimes will often suggest how to annotate the
2089 function to fix the error.
2090 * Many more types are documented in the standard library, and new guides
2092 * Many `rustdoc` improvements:
2093 * code blocks are syntax highlighted.
2094 * render standalone markdown files.
2095 * the --test flag tests all code blocks by default.
2096 * exported macros are displayed.
2097 * reexported types have their documentation inlined at the location of the
2099 * search works across crates that have been rendered to the same output
2103 Version 0.9 (2014-01-09)
2104 ==========================
2106 * ~1800 changes, numerous bugfixes
2109 * The `float` type has been removed. Use `f32` or `f64` instead.
2110 * A new facility for enabling experimental features (feature gating) has
2111 been added, using the crate-level `#[feature(foo)]` attribute.
2112 * Managed boxes (@) are now behind a feature gate
2113 (`#[feature(managed_boxes)]`) in preparation for future removal. Use the
2114 standard library's `Gc` or `Rc` types instead.
2115 * `@mut` has been removed. Use `std::cell::{Cell, RefCell}` instead.
2116 * Jumping back to the top of a loop is now done with `continue` instead of
2118 * Strings can no longer be mutated through index assignment.
2119 * Raw strings can be created via the basic `r"foo"` syntax or with matched
2120 hash delimiters, as in `r###"foo"###`.
2121 * `~fn` is now written `proc (args) -> retval { ... }` and may only be
2123 * The `&fn` type is now written `|args| -> ret` to match the literal form.
2124 * `@fn`s have been removed.
2125 * `do` only works with procs in order to make it obvious what the cost
2127 * Single-element tuple-like structs can no longer be dereferenced to
2128 obtain the inner value. A more comprehensive solution for overloading
2129 the dereference operator will be provided in the future.
2130 * The `#[link(...)]` attribute has been replaced with
2131 `#[crate_id = "name#vers"]`.
2132 * Empty `impl`s must be terminated with empty braces and may not be
2133 terminated with a semicolon.
2134 * Keywords are no longer allowed as lifetime names; the `self` lifetime
2135 no longer has any special meaning.
2136 * The old `fmt!` string formatting macro has been removed.
2137 * `printf!` and `printfln!` (old-style formatting) removed in favor of
2138 `print!` and `println!`.
2139 * `mut` works in patterns now, as in `let (mut x, y) = (1, 2);`.
2140 * The `extern mod foo (name = "bar")` syntax has been removed. Use
2141 `extern mod foo = "bar"` instead.
2142 * New reserved keywords: `alignof`, `offsetof`, `sizeof`.
2143 * Macros can have attributes.
2144 * Macros can expand to items with attributes.
2145 * Macros can expand to multiple items.
2146 * The `asm!` macro is feature-gated (`#[feature(asm)]`).
2147 * Comments may be nested.
2148 * Values automatically coerce to trait objects they implement, without
2150 * Enum discriminants are no longer an entire word but as small as needed to
2151 contain all the variants. The `repr` attribute can be used to override
2152 the discriminant size, as in `#[repr(int)]` for integer-sized, and
2153 `#[repr(C)]` to match C enums.
2154 * Non-string literals are not allowed in attributes (they never worked).
2155 * The FFI now supports variadic functions.
2156 * Octal numeric literals, as in `0o7777`.
2157 * The `concat!` syntax extension performs compile-time string concatenation.
2158 * The `#[fixed_stack_segment]` and `#[rust_stack]` attributes have been
2159 removed as Rust no longer uses segmented stacks.
2160 * Non-ascii identifiers are feature-gated (`#[feature(non_ascii_idents)]`).
2161 * Ignoring all fields of an enum variant or tuple-struct is done with `..`,
2162 not `*`; ignoring remaining fields of a struct is also done with `..`,
2163 not `_`; ignoring a slice of a vector is done with `..`, not `.._`.
2164 * `rustc` supports the "win64" calling convention via `extern "win64"`.
2165 * `rustc` supports the "system" calling convention, which defaults to the
2166 preferred convention for the target platform, "stdcall" on 32-bit Windows,
2168 * The `type_overflow` lint (default: warn) checks literals for overflow.
2169 * The `unsafe_block` lint (default: allow) checks for usage of `unsafe`.
2170 * The `attribute_usage` lint (default: warn) warns about unknown
2172 * The `unknown_features` lint (default: warn) warns about unknown
2174 * The `dead_code` lint (default: warn) checks for dead code.
2175 * Rust libraries can be linked statically to one another
2176 * `#[link_args]` is behind the `link_args` feature gate.
2177 * Native libraries are now linked with `#[link(name = "foo")]`
2178 * Native libraries can be statically linked to a rust crate
2179 (`#[link(name = "foo", kind = "static")]`).
2180 * Native OS X frameworks are now officially supported
2181 (`#[link(name = "foo", kind = "framework")]`).
2182 * The `#[thread_local]` attribute creates thread-local (not task-local)
2183 variables. Currently behind the `thread_local` feature gate.
2184 * The `return` keyword may be used in closures.
2185 * Types that can be copied via a memcpy implement the `Pod` kind.
2186 * The `cfg` attribute can now be used on struct fields and enum variants.
2189 * std: The `option` and `result` API's have been overhauled to make them
2190 simpler, more consistent, and more composable.
2191 * std: The entire `std::io` module has been replaced with one that is
2192 more comprehensive and that properly interfaces with the underlying
2193 scheduler. File, TCP, UDP, Unix sockets, pipes, and timers are all
2195 * std: `io::util` contains a number of useful implementations of
2196 `Reader` and `Writer`, including `NullReader`, `NullWriter`,
2197 `ZeroReader`, `TeeReader`.
2198 * std: The reference counted pointer type `extra::rc` moved into std.
2199 * std: The `Gc` type in the `gc` module will replace `@` (it is currently
2200 just a wrapper around it).
2201 * std: The `Either` type has been removed.
2202 * std: `fmt::Default` can be implemented for any type to provide default
2203 formatting to the `format!` macro, as in `format!("{}", myfoo)`.
2204 * std: The `rand` API continues to be tweaked.
2205 * std: The `rust_begin_unwind` function, useful for inserting breakpoints
2206 on failure in gdb, is now named `rust_fail`.
2207 * std: The `each_key` and `each_value` methods on `HashMap` have been
2208 replaced by the `keys` and `values` iterators.
2209 * std: Functions dealing with type size and alignment have moved from the
2210 `sys` module to the `mem` module.
2211 * std: The `path` module was written and API changed.
2212 * std: `str::from_utf8` has been changed to cast instead of allocate.
2213 * std: `starts_with` and `ends_with` methods added to vectors via the
2214 `ImmutableEqVector` trait, which is in the prelude.
2215 * std: Vectors can be indexed with the `get_opt` method, which returns `None`
2216 if the index is out of bounds.
2217 * std: Task failure no longer propagates between tasks, as the model was
2218 complex, expensive, and incompatible with thread-based tasks.
2219 * std: The `Any` type can be used for dynamic typing.
2220 * std: `~Any` can be passed to the `fail!` macro and retrieved via
2222 * std: Methods that produce iterators generally do not have an `_iter`
2224 * std: `cell::Cell` and `cell::RefCell` can be used to introduce mutability
2225 roots (mutable fields, etc.). Use instead of e.g. `@mut`.
2226 * std: `util::ignore` renamed to `prelude::drop`.
2227 * std: Slices have `sort` and `sort_by` methods via the `MutableVector`
2229 * std: `vec::raw` has seen a lot of cleanup and API changes.
2230 * std: The standard library no longer includes any C++ code, and very
2231 minimal C, eliminating the dependency on libstdc++.
2232 * std: Runtime scheduling and I/O functionality has been factored out into
2233 extensible interfaces and is now implemented by two different crates:
2234 libnative, for native threading and I/O; and libgreen, for green threading
2235 and I/O. This paves the way for using the standard library in more limited
2236 embedded environments.
2237 * std: The `comm` module has been rewritten to be much faster, have a
2238 simpler, more consistent API, and to work for both native and green
2240 * std: All libuv dependencies have been moved into the rustuv crate.
2241 * native: New implementations of runtime scheduling on top of OS threads.
2242 * native: New native implementations of TCP, UDP, file I/O, process spawning,
2244 * green: The green thread scheduler and message passing types are almost
2246 * extra: The `flatpipes` module had bitrotted and was removed.
2247 * extra: All crypto functions have been removed and Rust now has a policy of
2248 not reimplementing crypto in the standard library. In the future crypto
2249 will be provided by external crates with bindings to established libraries.
2250 * extra: `c_vec` has been modernized.
2251 * extra: The `sort` module has been removed. Use the `sort` method on
2255 * The `rust` and `rusti` commands have been removed, due to lack of
2257 * `rustdoc` was completely rewritten.
2258 * `rustdoc` can test code examples in documentation.
2259 * `rustpkg` can test packages with the argument, 'test'.
2260 * `rustpkg` supports arbitrary dependencies, including C libraries.
2261 * `rustc`'s support for generating debug info is improved again.
2262 * `rustc` has better error reporting for unbalanced delimiters.
2263 * `rustc`'s JIT support was removed due to bitrot.
2264 * Executables and static libraries can be built with LTO (-Z lto)
2265 * `rustc` adds a `--dep-info` flag for communicating dependencies to
2269 Version 0.8 (2013-09-26)
2270 ============================
2272 * ~2200 changes, numerous bugfixes
2275 * The `for` loop syntax has changed to work with the `Iterator` trait.
2276 * At long last, unwinding works on Windows.
2277 * Default methods are ready for use.
2278 * Many trait inheritance bugs fixed.
2279 * Owned and borrowed trait objects work more reliably.
2280 * `copy` is no longer a keyword. It has been replaced by the `Clone` trait.
2281 * rustc can omit emission of code for the `debug!` macro if it is passed
2283 * mod.rs is now "blessed". When loading `mod foo;`, rustc will now look
2284 for foo.rs, then foo/mod.rs, and will generate an error when both are
2286 * Strings no longer contain trailing nulls. The new `std::c_str` module
2287 provides new mechanisms for converting to C strings.
2288 * The type of foreign functions is now `extern "C" fn` instead of `*u8'.
2289 * The FFI has been overhauled such that foreign functions are called directly,
2290 instead of through a stack-switching wrapper.
2291 * Calling a foreign function must be done through a Rust function with the
2292 `#[fixed_stack_segment]` attribute.
2293 * The `externfn!` macro can be used to declare both a foreign function and
2294 a `#[fixed_stack_segment]` wrapper at once.
2295 * `pub` and `priv` modifiers on `extern` blocks are no longer parsed.
2296 * `unsafe` is no longer allowed on extern fns - they are all unsafe.
2297 * `priv` is disallowed everywhere except for struct fields and enum variants.
2298 * `&T` (besides `&'static T`) is no longer allowed in `@T`.
2299 * `ref` bindings in irrefutable patterns work correctly now.
2300 * `char` is now prevented from containing invalid code points.
2301 * Casting to `bool` is no longer allowed.
2302 * `\0` is now accepted as an escape in chars and strings.
2303 * `yield` is a reserved keyword.
2304 * `typeof` is a reserved keyword.
2305 * Crates may be imported by URL with `extern mod foo = "url";`.
2306 * Explicit enum discriminants may be given as uints as in `enum E { V = 0u }`
2307 * Static vectors can be initialized with repeating elements,
2308 e.g. `static foo: [u8, .. 100]: [0, .. 100];`.
2309 * Static structs can be initialized with functional record update,
2310 e.g. `static foo: Foo = Foo { a: 5, .. bar };`.
2311 * `cfg!` can be used to conditionally execute code based on the crate
2312 configuration, similarly to `#[cfg(...)]`.
2313 * The `unnecessary_qualification` lint detects unneeded module
2314 prefixes (default: allow).
2315 * Arithmetic operations have been implemented on the SIMD types in
2316 `std::unstable::simd`.
2317 * Exchange allocation headers were removed, reducing memory usage.
2318 * `format!` implements a completely new, extensible, and higher-performance
2319 string formatting system. It will replace `fmt!`.
2320 * `print!` and `println!` write formatted strings (using the `format!`
2321 extension) to stdout.
2322 * `write!` and `writeln!` write formatted strings (using the `format!`
2323 extension) to the new Writers in `std::rt::io`.
2324 * The library section in which a function or static is placed may
2325 be specified with `#[link_section = "..."]`.
2326 * The `proto!` syntax extension for defining bounded message protocols
2328 * `macro_rules!` is hygienic for `let` declarations.
2329 * The `#[export_name]` attribute specifies the name of a symbol.
2330 * `unreachable!` can be used to indicate unreachable code, and fails
2334 * std: Transitioned to the new runtime, written in Rust.
2335 * std: Added an experimental I/O library, `rt::io`, based on the new
2337 * std: A new generic `range` function was added to the prelude, replacing
2338 `uint::range` and friends.
2339 * std: `range_rev` no longer exists. Since range is an iterator it can be
2340 reversed with `range(lo, hi).invert()`.
2341 * std: The `chain` method on option renamed to `and_then`; `unwrap_or_default`
2342 renamed to `unwrap_or`.
2343 * std: The `iterator` module was renamed to `iter`.
2344 * std: Integral types now support the `checked_add`, `checked_sub`, and
2345 `checked_mul` operations for detecting overflow.
2346 * std: Many methods in `str`, `vec`, `option, `result` were renamed for
2348 * std: Methods are standardizing on conventions for casting methods:
2349 `to_foo` for copying, `into_foo` for moving, `as_foo` for temporary
2351 * std: The `CString` type in `c_str` provides new ways to convert to and
2353 * std: `DoubleEndedIterator` can yield elements in two directions.
2354 * std: The `mut_split` method on vectors partitions an `&mut [T]` into
2356 * std: `str::from_bytes` renamed to `str::from_utf8`.
2357 * std: `pop_opt` and `shift_opt` methods added to vectors.
2358 * std: The task-local data interface no longer uses @, and keys are
2359 no longer function pointers.
2360 * std: The `swap_unwrap` method of `Option` renamed to `take_unwrap`.
2361 * std: Added `SharedPort` to `comm`.
2362 * std: `Eq` has a default method for `ne`; only `eq` is required
2364 * std: `Ord` has default methods for `le`, `gt` and `ge`; only `lt`
2365 is required in implementations.
2366 * std: `is_utf8` performance is improved, impacting many string functions.
2367 * std: `os::MemoryMap` provides cross-platform mmap.
2368 * std: `ptr::offset` is now unsafe, but also more optimized. Offsets that
2369 are not 'in-bounds' are considered undefined.
2370 * std: Many freestanding functions in `vec` removed in favor of methods.
2371 * std: Many freestanding functions on scalar types removed in favor of
2373 * std: Many options to task builders were removed since they don't make
2374 sense in the new scheduler design.
2375 * std: More containers implement `FromIterator` so can be created by the
2377 * std: More complete atomic types in `unstable::atomics`.
2378 * std: `comm::PortSet` removed.
2379 * std: Mutating methods in the `Set` and `Map` traits have been moved into
2380 the `MutableSet` and `MutableMap` traits. `Container::is_empty`,
2381 `Map::contains_key`, `MutableMap::insert`, and `MutableMap::remove` have
2382 default implementations.
2383 * std: Various `from_str` functions were removed in favor of a generic
2384 `from_str` which is available in the prelude.
2385 * std: `util::unreachable` removed in favor of the `unreachable!` macro.
2386 * extra: `dlist`, the doubly-linked list was modernized.
2387 * extra: Added a `hex` module with `ToHex` and `FromHex` traits.
2388 * extra: Added `glob` module, replacing `std::os::glob`.
2389 * extra: `rope` was removed.
2390 * extra: `deque` was renamed to `ringbuf`. `RingBuf` implements `Deque`.
2391 * extra: `net`, and `timer` were removed. The experimental replacements
2392 are `std::rt::io::net` and `std::rt::io::timer`.
2393 * extra: Iterators implemented for `SmallIntMap`.
2394 * extra: Iterators implemented for `Bitv` and `BitvSet`.
2395 * extra: `SmallIntSet` removed. Use `BitvSet`.
2396 * extra: Performance of JSON parsing greatly improved.
2397 * extra: `semver` updated to SemVer 2.0.0.
2398 * extra: `term` handles more terminals correctly.
2399 * extra: `dbg` module removed.
2400 * extra: `par` module removed.
2401 * extra: `future` was cleaned up, with some method renames.
2402 * extra: Most free functions in `getopts` were converted to methods.
2405 * rustc's debug info generation (`-Z debug-info`) is greatly improved.
2406 * rustc accepts `--target-cpu` to compile to a specific CPU architecture,
2407 similarly to gcc's `--march` flag.
2408 * rustc's performance compiling small crates is much better.
2409 * rustpkg has received many improvements.
2410 * rustpkg supports git tags as package IDs.
2411 * rustpkg builds into target-specific directories so it can be used for
2413 * The number of concurrent test tasks is controlled by the environment
2414 variable RUST_TEST_TASKS.
2415 * The test harness can now report metrics for benchmarks.
2416 * All tools have man pages.
2417 * Programs compiled with `--test` now support the `-h` and `--help` flags.
2418 * The runtime uses jemalloc for allocations.
2419 * Segmented stacks are temporarily disabled as part of the transition to
2420 the new runtime. Stack overflows are possible!
2421 * A new documentation backend, rustdoc_ng, is available for use. It is
2422 still invoked through the normal `rustdoc` command.
2425 Version 0.7 (2013-07-03)
2426 =======================
2428 * ~2000 changes, numerous bugfixes
2431 * `impl`s no longer accept a visibility qualifier. Put them on methods
2433 * The borrow checker has been rewritten with flow-sensitivity, fixing
2434 many bugs and inconveniences.
2435 * The `self` parameter no longer implicitly means `&'self self`,
2436 and can be explicitly marked with a lifetime.
2437 * Overloadable compound operators (`+=`, etc.) have been temporarily
2438 removed due to bugs.
2439 * The `for` loop protocol now requires `for`-iterators to return `bool`
2440 so they compose better.
2441 * The `Durable` trait is replaced with the `'static` bounds.
2442 * Trait default methods work more often.
2443 * Structs with the `#[packed]` attribute have byte alignment and
2444 no padding between fields.
2445 * Type parameters bound by `Copy` must now be copied explicitly with
2447 * It is now illegal to move out of a dereferenced unsafe pointer.
2448 * `Option<~T>` is now represented as a nullable pointer.
2449 * `@mut` does dynamic borrow checks correctly.
2450 * The `main` function is only detected at the topmost level of the crate.
2451 The `#[main]` attribute is still valid anywhere.
2452 * Struct fields may no longer be mutable. Use inherited mutability.
2453 * The `#[no_send]` attribute makes a type that would otherwise be
2455 * The `#[no_freeze]` attribute makes a type that would otherwise be
2457 * Unbounded recursion will abort the process after reaching the limit
2458 specified by the `RUST_MAX_STACK` environment variable (default: 1GB).
2459 * The `vecs_implicitly_copyable` lint mode has been removed. Vectors
2460 are never implicitly copyable.
2461 * `#[static_assert]` makes compile-time assertions about static bools.
2462 * At long last, 'argument modes' no longer exist.
2463 * The rarely used `use mod` statement no longer exists.
2466 * `fail!` and `assert!` accept `~str`, `&'static str` or `fmt!`-style
2468 * `Encodable`, `Decodable`, `Ord`, `TotalOrd`, `TotalEq`, `DeepClone`,
2469 `Rand`, `Zero` and `ToStr` can all be automatically derived with
2471 * The `bytes!` macro returns a vector of bytes for string, u8, char,
2472 and unsuffixed integer literals.
2475 * The `core` crate was renamed to `std`.
2476 * The `std` crate was renamed to `extra`.
2477 * More and improved documentation.
2478 * std: `iterator` module for external iterator objects.
2479 * Many old-style (internal, higher-order function) iterators replaced by
2480 implementations of `Iterator`.
2481 * std: Many old internal vector and string iterators,
2482 incl. `any`, `all`. removed.
2483 * std: The `finalize` method of `Drop` renamed to `drop`.
2484 * std: The `drop` method now takes `&mut self` instead of `&self`.
2485 * std: The prelude no longer reexports any modules, only types and traits.
2486 * std: Prelude additions: `print`, `println`, `FromStr`, `ApproxEq`, `Equiv`,
2487 `Iterator`, `IteratorUtil`, many numeric traits, many tuple traits.
2488 * std: New numeric traits: `Fractional`, `Real`, `RealExt`, `Integer`, `Ratio`,
2489 `Algebraic`, `Trigonometric`, `Exponential`, `Primitive`.
2490 * std: Tuple traits and accessors defined for up to 12-tuples, e.g.
2491 `(0, 1, 2).n2()` or `(0, 1, 2).n2_ref()`.
2492 * std: Many types implement `Clone`.
2493 * std: `path` type renamed to `Path`.
2494 * std: `mut` module and `Mut` type removed.
2495 * std: Many standalone functions removed in favor of methods and iterators
2496 in `vec`, `str`. In the future methods will also work as functions.
2497 * std: `reinterpret_cast` removed. Use `transmute`.
2498 * std: ascii string handling in `std::ascii`.
2499 * std: `Rand` is implemented for ~/@.
2500 * std: `run` module for spawning processes overhauled.
2501 * std: Various atomic types added to `unstable::atomic`.
2502 * std: Various types implement `Zero`.
2503 * std: `LinearMap` and `LinearSet` renamed to `HashMap` and `HashSet`.
2504 * std: Borrowed pointer functions moved from `ptr` to `borrow`.
2505 * std: Added `os::mkdir_recursive`.
2506 * std: Added `os::glob` function performs filesystems globs.
2507 * std: `FuzzyEq` renamed to `ApproxEq`.
2508 * std: `Map` now defines `pop` and `swap` methods.
2509 * std: `Cell` constructors converted to static methods.
2510 * extra: `rc` module adds the reference counted pointers, `Rc` and `RcMut`.
2511 * extra: `flate` module moved from `std` to `extra`.
2512 * extra: `fileinput` module for iterating over a series of files.
2513 * extra: `Complex` number type and `complex` module.
2514 * extra: `Rational` number type and `rational` module.
2515 * extra: `BigInt`, `BigUint` implement numeric and comparison traits.
2516 * extra: `term` uses terminfo now, is more correct.
2517 * extra: `arc` functions converted to methods.
2518 * extra: Implementation of fixed output size variations of SHA-2.
2521 * `unused_variable` lint mode for unused variables (default: warn).
2522 * `unused_unsafe` lint mode for detecting unnecessary `unsafe` blocks
2524 * `unused_mut` lint mode for identifying unused `mut` qualifiers
2526 * `dead_assignment` lint mode for unread variables (default: warn).
2527 * `unnecessary_allocation` lint mode detects some heap allocations that are
2528 immediately borrowed so could be written without allocating (default: warn).
2529 * `missing_doc` lint mode (default: allow).
2530 * `unreachable_code` lint mode (default: warn).
2531 * The `rusti` command has been rewritten and a number of bugs addressed.
2532 * rustc outputs in color on more terminals.
2533 * rustc accepts a `--link-args` flag to pass arguments to the linker.
2534 * rustc accepts a `-Z print-link-args` flag for debugging linkage.
2535 * Compiling with `-g` will make the binary record information about
2536 dynamic borrowcheck failures for debugging.
2537 * rustdoc has a nicer stylesheet.
2538 * Various improvements to rustdoc.
2539 * Improvements to rustpkg (see the detailed release notes).
2542 Version 0.6 (2013-04-03)
2543 ========================
2545 * ~2100 changes, numerous bugfixes
2548 * The self type parameter in traits is now spelled `Self`
2549 * The `self` parameter in trait and impl methods must now be explicitly
2550 named (for example: `fn f(&self) { }`). Implicit self is deprecated.
2551 * Static methods no longer require the `static` keyword and instead
2552 are distinguished by the lack of a `self` parameter
2553 * Replaced the `Durable` trait with the `'static` lifetime
2554 * The old closure type syntax with the trailing sigil has been
2555 removed in favor of the more consistent leading sigil
2556 * `super` is a keyword, and may be prefixed to paths
2557 * Trait bounds are separated with `+` instead of whitespace
2558 * Traits are implemented with `impl Trait for Type`
2559 instead of `impl Type: Trait`
2560 * Lifetime syntax is now `&'l foo` instead of `&l/foo`
2561 * The `export` keyword has finally been removed
2562 * The `move` keyword has been removed (see "Semantic changes")
2563 * The interior mutability qualifier on vectors, `[mut T]`, has been
2564 removed. Use `&mut [T]`, etc.
2565 * `mut` is no longer valid in `~mut T`. Use inherited mutability
2566 * `fail` is no longer a keyword. Use `fail!()`
2567 * `assert` is no longer a keyword. Use `assert!()`
2568 * `log` is no longer a keyword. use `debug!`, etc.
2569 * 1-tuples may be represented as `(T,)`
2570 * Struct fields may no longer be `mut`. Use inherited mutability,
2571 `@mut T`, `core::mut` or `core::cell`
2572 * `extern mod { ... }` is no longer valid syntax for foreign
2573 function modules. Use extern blocks: `extern { ... }`
2574 * Newtype enums removed. Use tuple-structs.
2575 * Trait implementations no longer support visibility modifiers
2576 * Pattern matching over vectors improved and expanded
2577 * `const` renamed to `static` to correspond to lifetime name,
2578 and make room for future `static mut` unsafe mutable globals.
2579 * Replaced `#[deriving_eq]` with `#[deriving(Eq)]`, etc.
2580 * `Clone` implementations can be automatically generated with
2581 `#[deriving(Clone)]`
2582 * Casts to traits must use a pointer sigil, e.g. `@foo as @Bar`
2583 instead of `foo as Bar`.
2584 * Fixed length vector types are now written as `[int, .. 3]`
2585 instead of `[int * 3]`.
2586 * Fixed length vector types can express the length as a constant
2587 expression. (ex: `[int, .. GL_BUFFER_SIZE - 2]`)
2590 * Types with owned pointers or custom destructors move by default,
2591 eliminating the `move` keyword
2592 * All foreign functions are considered unsafe
2593 * &mut is now unaliasable
2594 * Writes to borrowed @mut pointers are prevented dynamically
2596 * The name of the main function can be customized using #[main]
2597 * The default type of an inferred closure is &fn instead of @fn
2598 * `use` statements may no longer be "chained" - they cannot import
2599 identifiers imported by previous `use` statements
2600 * `use` statements are crate relative, importing from the "top"
2601 of the crate by default. Paths may be prefixed with `super::`
2602 or `self::` to change the search behavior.
2603 * Method visibility is inherited from the implementation declaration
2604 * Structural records have been removed
2605 * Many more types can be used in static items, including enums
2606 'static-lifetime pointers and vectors
2607 * Pattern matching over vectors improved and expanded
2608 * Typechecking of closure types has been overhauled to
2609 improve inference and eliminate unsoundness
2610 * Macros leave scope at the end of modules, unless that module is
2611 tagged with #[macro_escape]
2614 * Added big integers to `std::bigint`
2615 * Removed `core::oldcomm` module
2616 * Added pipe-based `core::comm` module
2617 * Numeric traits have been reorganized under `core::num`
2618 * `vec::slice` finally returns a slice
2619 * `debug!` and friends don't require a format string, e.g. `debug!(Foo)`
2620 * Containers reorganized around traits in `core::container`
2621 * `core::dvec` removed, `~[T]` is a drop-in replacement
2622 * `core::send_map` renamed to `core::hashmap`
2623 * `std::map` removed; replaced with `core::hashmap`
2624 * `std::treemap` reimplemented as an owned balanced tree
2625 * `std::deque` and `std::smallintmap` reimplemented as owned containers
2626 * `core::trie` added as a fast ordered map for integer keys
2627 * Set types added to `core::hashmap`, `core::trie` and `std::treemap`
2628 * `Ord` split into `Ord` and `TotalOrd`. `Ord` is still used to
2629 overload the comparison operators, whereas `TotalOrd` is used
2630 by certain container types
2633 * Replaced the 'cargo' package manager with 'rustpkg'
2634 * Added all-purpose 'rust' tool
2635 * `rustc --test` now supports benchmarks with the `#[bench]` attribute
2636 * rustc now *attempts* to offer spelling suggestions
2637 * Improved support for ARM and Android
2638 * Preliminary MIPS backend
2639 * Improved foreign function ABI implementation for x86, x86_64
2640 * Various memory usage improvements
2641 * Rust code may be embedded in foreign code under limited circumstances
2642 * Inline assembler supported by new asm!() syntax extension.
2645 Version 0.5 (2012-12-21)
2646 ===========================
2648 * ~900 changes, numerous bugfixes
2651 * Removed `<-` move operator
2652 * Completed the transition from the `#fmt` extension syntax to `fmt!`
2653 * Removed old fixed length vector syntax - `[T]/N`
2654 * New token-based quasi-quoters, `quote_tokens!`, `quote_expr!`, etc.
2655 * Macros may now expand to items and statements
2656 * `a.b()` is always parsed as a method call, never as a field projection
2657 * `Eq` and `IterBytes` implementations can be automatically generated
2658 with `#[deriving_eq]` and `#[deriving_iter_bytes]` respectively
2659 * Removed the special crate language for `.rc` files
2660 * Function arguments may consist of any irrefutable pattern
2663 * `&` and `~` pointers may point to objects
2664 * Tuple structs - `struct Foo(Bar, Baz)`. Will replace newtype enums.
2665 * Enum variants may be structs
2666 * Destructors can be added to all nominal types with the Drop trait
2667 * Structs and nullary enum variants may be constants
2668 * Values that cannot be implicitly copied are now automatically moved
2669 without writing `move` explicitly
2670 * `&T` may now be coerced to `*T`
2671 * Coercions happen in `let` statements as well as function calls
2672 * `use` statements now take crate-relative paths
2673 * The module and type namespaces have been merged so that static
2674 method names can be resolved under the trait in which they are
2677 * Improved support for language features
2678 * Trait inheritance works in many scenarios
2679 * More support for explicit self arguments in methods - `self`, `&self`
2680 `@self`, and `~self` all generally work as expected
2681 * Static methods work in more situations
2682 * Experimental: Traits may declare default methods for the implementations
2686 * New condition handling system in `core::condition`
2687 * Timsort added to `std::sort`
2688 * New priority queue, `std::priority_queue`
2689 * Pipes for serializable types, `std::flatpipes'
2690 * Serialization overhauled to be trait-based
2691 * Expanded `getopts` definitions
2692 * Moved futures to `std`
2693 * More functions are pure now
2694 * `core::comm` renamed to `oldcomm`. Still deprecated
2695 * `rustdoc` and `cargo` are libraries now
2698 * Added a preliminary REPL, `rusti`
2699 * License changed from MIT to dual MIT/APL2
2702 Version 0.4 (2012-10-15)
2703 ==========================
2705 * ~2000 changes, numerous bugfixes
2708 * All keywords are now strict and may not be used as identifiers anywhere
2709 * Keyword removal: 'again', 'import', 'check', 'new', 'owned', 'send',
2710 'of', 'with', 'to', 'class'.
2711 * Classes are replaced with simpler structs
2712 * Explicit method self types
2713 * `ret` became `return` and `alt` became `match`
2714 * `import` is now `use`; `use is now `extern mod`
2715 * `extern mod { ... }` is now `extern { ... }`
2716 * `use mod` is the recommended way to import modules
2717 * `pub` and `priv` replace deprecated export lists
2718 * The syntax of `match` pattern arms now uses fat arrow (=>)
2719 * `main` no longer accepts an args vector; use `os::args` instead
2722 * Trait implementations are now coherent, ala Haskell typeclasses
2723 * Trait methods may be static
2724 * Argument modes are deprecated
2725 * Borrowed pointers are much more mature and recommended for use
2726 * Strings and vectors in the static region are stored in constant memory
2727 * Typestate was removed
2728 * Resolution rewritten to be more reliable
2729 * Support for 'dual-mode' data structures (freezing and thawing)
2732 * Most binary operators can now be overloaded via the traits in
2734 * `std::net::url` for representing URLs
2735 * Sendable hash maps in `core::send_map`
2736 * `core::task' gained a (currently unsafe) task-local storage API
2739 * An efficient new intertask communication primitive called the pipe,
2740 along with a number of higher-level channel types, in `core::pipes`
2741 * `std::arc`, an atomically reference counted, immutable, shared memory
2743 * `std::sync`, various exotic synchronization tools based on arcs and pipes
2744 * Futures are now based on pipes and sendable
2745 * More robust linked task failure
2746 * Improved task builder API
2749 * Improved error reporting
2750 * Preliminary JIT support
2751 * Preliminary work on precise GC
2752 * Extensive architectural improvements to rustc
2753 * Begun a transition away from buggy C++-based reflection (shape) code to
2754 Rust-based (visitor) code
2755 * All hash functions and tables converted to secure, randomized SipHash
2758 Version 0.3 (2012-07-12)
2759 ========================
2761 * ~1900 changes, numerous bugfixes
2763 * New coding conveniences
2764 * Integer-literal suffix inference
2765 * Per-item control over warnings, errors
2766 * #[cfg(windows)] and #[cfg(unix)] attributes
2767 * Documentation comments
2768 * More compact closure syntax
2769 * 'do' expressions for treating higher-order functions as
2771 * *-patterns (wildcard extended to all constructor fields)
2774 * Name resolution pass and exhaustiveness checker rewritten
2775 * Region pointers and borrow checking supersede alias
2777 * Init-ness checking is now provided by a region-based liveness
2778 pass instead of the typestate pass; same for last-use analysis
2779 * Extensive work on region pointers
2781 * Experimental new language features
2782 * Slices and fixed-size, interior-allocated vectors
2783 * #!-comments for lang versioning, shell execution
2784 * Destructors and iface implementation for classes;
2785 type-parameterized classes and class methods
2786 * 'const' type kind for types that can be used to implement
2787 shared-memory concurrency patterns
2791 * Removal of various obsolete features
2792 * Keywords: 'be', 'prove', 'syntax', 'note', 'mutable', 'bind',
2793 'crust', 'native' (now 'extern'), 'cont' (now 'again')
2795 * Constructs: do-while loops ('do' repurposed), fn binding,
2796 resources (replaced by destructors)
2798 * Compiler reorganization
2799 * Syntax-layer of compiler split into separate crate
2800 * Clang (from LLVM project) integrated into build
2801 * Typechecker split into sub-modules
2804 * New time functions
2805 * Extension methods for many built-in types
2806 * Arc: atomic-refcount read-only / exclusive-use shared cells
2807 * Par: parallel map and search routines
2808 * Extensive work on libuv interface
2809 * Much vector code moved to libraries
2810 * Syntax extensions: #line, #col, #file, #mod, #stringify,
2811 #include, #include_str, #include_bin
2814 * Cargo automatically resolves dependencies
2817 Version 0.2 (2012-03-29)
2818 =========================
2820 * >1500 changes, numerous bugfixes
2822 * New docs and doc tooling
2824 * New port: FreeBSD x86_64
2826 * Compilation model enhancements
2827 * Generics now specialized, multiply instantiated
2828 * Functions now inlined across separate crates
2830 * Scheduling, stack and threading fixes
2831 * Noticeably improved message-passing performance
2832 * Explicit schedulers
2836 * Experimental new language features
2837 * Operator overloading
2841 * Various language extensions
2842 * C-callback function types: 'crust fn ...'
2843 * Infinite-loop construct: 'loop { ... }'
2844 * Shorten 'mutable' to 'mut'
2845 * Required mutable-local qualifier: 'let mut ...'
2846 * Basic glob-exporting: 'export foo::*;'
2847 * Alt now exhaustive, 'alt check' for runtime-checked
2848 * Block-function form of 'for' loop, with 'break' and 'ret'.
2851 * AST quasi-quote syntax extension
2852 * Revived libuv interface
2853 * New modules: core::{future, iter}, std::arena
2854 * Merged per-platform std::{os*, fs*} to core::{libc, os}
2855 * Extensive cleanup, regularization in libstd, libcore
2858 Version 0.1 (2012-01-20)
2859 ===============================
2861 * Most language features work, including:
2862 * Unique pointers, unique closures, move semantics
2863 * Interface-constrained generics
2864 * Static interface dispatch
2866 * Multithread task scheduling
2867 * Typestate predicates
2868 * Failure unwinding, destructors
2869 * Pattern matching and destructuring assignment
2870 * Lightweight block-lambda syntax
2871 * Preliminary macro-by-example
2873 * Compiler works with the following configurations:
2874 * Linux: x86 and x86_64 hosts and targets
2875 * MacOS: x86 and x86_64 hosts and targets
2876 * Windows: x86 hosts and targets
2878 * Cross compilation / multi-target configuration supported.
2880 * Preliminary API-documentation and package-management tools included.
2884 * Documentation is incomplete.
2886 * Performance is below intended target.
2888 * Standard library APIs are subject to extensive change, reorganization.
2890 * Language-level versioning is not yet operational - future code will